Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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CONCRETE PAVING BLOCK
Ground covering elements serving as paving blocks and
having a rectangular base surface and planar side surfaces
extending transversely to the rectangular base surface are known
(DE-OS 24 48.312). During laying of these ground covering
elements or when arranging the same in the laying packet, the
ground covering elements are arranged with the side surfaces in
contact with each other, resulting in a substantially closed
surface which has the disadvantage of making the flow-off of
liquids into the ground, for example rainwater, difficult. In
addition, the non-connected ground covering elements are not
suited for a mechanical laying.since during the absence of
sufficiently large friction forces between adjacent ground
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covering elements, individual ground covering elements often
fall out of the laying packet. -
It is the object of the invention to improve a paving block
of the above type in such a manner that after laying the same
with additional paving blocks, flow-off of liquids is possible
and a safe mechanical laying is provided.
According to the invention, this problem is solved with a combination of
paving stones forming a laid composite with each paving stone made of
concrete comprising:
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(a) the body (1) of said stone having a right-angled shape formed by three
squares (2, 3, 4) of the same size, and first side surfaces (6), second side
surface (13), third side surface (13'), fourth side surface (10), fifth side
surface (10'), said side surfaces being upright side surfaces with strip-like
attachments (5) arranged on each of said side surfaces;
(b) the first side surfaces (6) of stone body (1) each have two strip-like
attachments (5) with a spacing "b" from each other, said attachments
forming grooves (7) with spacing "a" between a center plane of grooves
(7) and first and second corner edges (8, 9'), and an attachment (5) with
spacing "a" from a third corner edge (9) and the first corner edge (8),
respectively, whereby spacing "a" of the attachments (5) nearer to the
first and second corner edges (8, 9') corresponds with a distance of the
center plane of grooves (7) from the first corner edge (8) and the second
corner edge (9') respectively;
(c) the second and third side surfaces (13, 13') with spacing "b" from each
other each have two attachments (5) forming a groove (7), whereby the
attachments (5) of the second side surface (13) are arranged with spacing
"a" of the third corner edge (9) from the center plane of grooves (7), and the
attachments (5) of the third side surface (13') are formed with spacing "a" of
a fourth corner edge (12) from the center plane of grooves (7);
(d) the fourth and fifth side surfaces (10, 10') each have an attachment (5),
whereby attachment (5) of the fourth side surface (10) is arranged with
spacing "a" from the fourth corner edge (12) and attachment (5) of the
fifth side surface (10') with spacing "a" from a fifth corner edge (11); and
(e) within said laid composite, attachments (5) of stone bodies (1) form
tongue-and-groove hook-ups with attachments (5) of identical adjacent
stone bodies (1) to prevent tilting of the stone bodies, said attachments
(5) form spacing elements abutting on adjacent stone bodies (1), and said
attachments (5) form groove-like passages next to the attachments
between the first, second, third, fourth and fifth side surfaces (6, 13, 13',
10, 10') of the adjacent stone bodies.
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Additionally, while maintaining the groove-forming
extensions and a single extension on the two outer.longitudinal
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sides of the stone body, the inner longitudinal sides of the
stone body are provided with one extension each as.a tongue for
associated grooves of adjacent stone bodies, and selectively to
arrange on the end sides of the stone body either two extensions
for forming grooves or only one extension for forming a tongue.
The modifications in the paving block regarding the arrangement
of grooves and tongues, which may be selected arbitrarily, make
different paving patterns and an adaptation of the pavings to
local conditions possible. It is also conceivable to provide
the outer longitudinal sides of the stone body with groove-
forming extensions and one single extension each, while the
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inner longitudinal sides have two extensions forming a groove or
one extension serving as a tongue, and the end sides each have
one extension or have extensions forming a groove. In an
additional modification of the stone body, it is provided
selectively to equip the outer longitudinal sides of the stone
body with two extensions forming a groove and a single extension
at a distance and to equip the two end sides as well as the
inner longitudinal sides with one single extension as a
supporting body or interlocking element.
In a further embodiment of the paving block, there is
provided a prismatic stone body with a rectangular base surface
and having the length of two joined squares whose one
longitudinal side and one transverse side have two groove-
forming extensions each, optionally in association with a single
extension serving as a tongue, and on the opposite side one or
two individual extensions, one extension being aligned with an
opposite groove, while the other extension is aligned adjacent
the opposite extension. It is also conceivable in a stone body
having a rectangular base surface to arrange on its longitudinal
sides two individual extensions each serving as tongues and on
its end sides to arrange one extension as supporting body and
interlocking element. The rectangular form of the stone body
allows to fill in rectangular spaces resulting from
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modifications during paving procedures, thus assuring supports
and interlocks and a tight holding together of stone body sets.
In addition, it is possible to provide a paving block having a
prismatic stone body and whose base surface is square which has
two extensions on adjacent side surfaces forming a groove each
and which has on the opposite side surfaces one extension each,
one of the individual extensions being aligned with the opposite
groove and the other extension being aligned as a whole adjacent
the opposite extensions. Also, the square stone body may have
extensions forming a groove only on one side surface and on the
other side surfaces may have one single extension each in such a
way that the extension opposite the groove is aligned with the
groove, while the extensions of the other side surfaces are
offset towards the corner areas. This assures that in pavings
where square openings are formed, the openings can be closed by
the square stone bodies to provide secure cohesion of the laying
packet.
Further, it is provided to combine a number of stone bodies
of the afore-described formation in a rectangular laying packet
as a unit having outer measurements of 40 x 60 cm and to
mechanically seize the laying packet so formed= and to lay it as
a unit.
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It has been shown to be especially advantageous if a
number of stone bodies according to the above-described
embodiments form a rectangular laying packet having outer
measurements of 20 x 40 cm, and the laying packet is capable of
being combined with additional laying packets having the same
measurements into a single laying packet having measurements of
40, 60, 80 and so on x 40 cm, which packets can be mechanically
seized and laid together and simultaneously. In the last-
mentioned laying packets, a closed laying pattern is created in
which seams are formed extending in the longitudinal direction
at distances of 20 cm and in the transverse direction at
distances of 40 cm.
The embodiments shown in the drawing indicate how the
invention may be executed. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a laying pattern with paving blocks according
to an embodiment in top view,
FIGS. 2 to 6 show other embodiments of paving blocks in top
view,
FIGS. 7 to 11 show additional paving blocks of different
embodiments in top view,
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FIG. 12 shows a prepared laying set in top view,
FIG. 13 shows a laying set according to FIG. 12 with paving
blocks pushed together in top view,
FIG. 14 shows a paving block having a different cross
section in top view,
FIG. 15 shows a paving block according to FIG. 14 in a
modified embodiment in top view,
FIG. 16 shows a square paving block in top view,
FIG. 17 shows a paving block of FIG. 16 in a modified
embodiment in top view,
FIG. 18 shows a section along line XVIII-XVIII of FIG. 14,
enlarged,
FIG. 19 shows a laying pattern of paving blocks according
to FIGS. 1-18 in respect to an embodiment in top view, and
FIG. 20 shows a modified laying pattern with paving blocks
of FIGS. 1-18 in top view.
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The stone body 1 of the paving block is manufactured from
concrete material and has, as shown in FIG. 1, a rectangular-
shaped base. The base is formed substantially by three
identical squares 2, 3 and 4 attached to each other (FIG. 2).
The side surfaces of stone body 1 extend transversely to the
base, as especially shown in FIG. 18, and carry on the outside
extensions 5 which form seams and serve as a reciprocal support
of stone bodies 1 joined to each other and form interlocks with
extensions 5 of adjacent stone bodies 1. Stone body 1 of FIG. 1
shows on its outer longitudinal sides 6 two extensions 5 forming
a groove 7, extensions 5 being spaced at distance b from each
other and being arranged at a distance a from closest corner S.
In addition, longitudinal sides 6 each have a single extension 5
at a distance a from corner 9. The inner longitudinal sides 10
of stone body 1 are provided with one single extension 5 each,
one of which is arranged at distance a from inner corner 11 and
the other one is arranged at distance a from outer corner 12.
When the stone bodies 1 are joined, extensions 5 either
interlock with grooves 7 of adjacent stone bodies 1 or engage
extensions 5 of the adjacent paving blocks, in order to serve,
in addition as support, interlocking or the like, also to
solidify the laying set. The end sides 13 of stone body 1
always have two extensions 5 forming grooves 7, these extensions
together with individual extensions 5 of end sides 13 of
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adjacent stone bodies 1 forming interlocks.
FIGS. 2 to 6 show paving blocks whose stone bodies 1 have
modified arrangements of extensions 5. The stone bodies 1 are
each again shaped rectangularly by three identical squares 2, 3
and 4. The side surfaces again extend transversely to the base
surface of stone body 1 and carry extensions 5 in such a manner
that the outer longitudinal sides 6 each have two extensions 5
forming a groove 7 and an individual extension 5, the end sides
13 either have two extensions 5 forming a groove 7 or a single
extension 5, while the inner longitudinal sides 10 always carry
one extension 5 or two extensions forming a groove and a single
extension. Illusionary seams 14 are formed between the
rectangular part 1' of stone body 1 and the square part 1".
FIGS. 2 to 6 show that extensions 5 are arranged on the stone
bodies in deviations individually or together with two
extensions 5 each, forming grooves 7.
In the paving blocks of FIGS. 7 to 11, stone bodies 1 are
shown in a mirror-image embodiment to the stone bodies 1 of
FIGS. 2 to 6. Stone bodies 1 are shaped rectangularly and also
formed by three joined identical squares 2, 3 and 4.
Illusionary seams 14 are formed between square part 4 and
rectangular part 2, 3 of stone body 1.
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FIG. 12 shows a prepared laying set 15. It can be
recognized that the stone bodies 1 of laying set 15 are spaced
from each other and subsequently form a closed laying packet 16
by being pushed together in a longitudinal and transverse
direction (FIG. 13). The spaced extensions 5 are utilized as
supporting bodies or interlocking elements with adjacent stone
bodies or extensions. In the pushed-together condition, the
stone bodies 1 together form a laying packet 16 measuring 40 x
60 cm which is stable in itself and suitable for a secure
mechanical laying according to the laying pattern of FIG. 19.
Deviating therefrom, laying packets 17 having outer
measurements of 20 x 40 cm are used in the laying pattern of
FIG. 20 which, when joined with additional laying packets 17
having measurements of 20 x 40 cm, yield larger laying packets
with the measurements 40, 60, 80 cm and so on x 20 cm, which can
be seized and laid together and simultaneously. The result of
this are continuously extending longitudinal seams 18 and
transverse seams 19, leading to an optically uniform laying
pattern.
Rectangular or square gaps (not shown), which may occur
during the laying of the stone bodies 1 in the laying set, may
be filled with stone bodies 20 and 21 according to Figs. 14 to
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17. FIGS. 14, 15 show stone bodies 20 having a rectangular base
which are formed by two identical squares 2 and 3 and have side
surfaces extending transversely to the base. Extensions 5 are
formed on the side surfaces of stone bodies 20 in such a way
that the longitudinal sides always have two spaced individual
extensions 5 and the end sides each have one individual
extension 5 (FIG. 14). In contrast, stone body 20 of FIG. 15
has on one longitudinal side two extensions 5 forming a groove 7
and a single extension 5, on one end side two extensions 5
forming a groove 7, and on the opposite side surfaces a single
extension 5 or two extensions 5. One of the last-named
extensions is aligned with groove 7 of the opposite end side or
longitudinal side, while the other extension of the longitudinal
side is aligned next to the single extension 5 of the opposite
longitudinal side.
The stone body 21, which is square in its base surface, of
FIG. 16 has two extensions 5 each on two adjoining side surfaces
for forming grooves 7, while the two other side surfaces each
have a single extension 5. The extension of one side surface is
flush with groove 7, while the extension of the other side
surface is arranged in an offset manner to the extensions of the
opposite side. In the square paving block of FIG. 17, one side
surface has two extensions 5 for forming a groove 7, while the
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other side surfaces always carry a single extension. One
extension is aligned with groove 7 and the extensions 50 of the
two other side surfaces are aligned with each other in an offset
manner.
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