LINER FOR FIREFIGHTER GARMENT MADE OF A LAMINATE OF A WOVEN FABRIC AND A NON-WOVEN MATERIAL

DOUBLURE POUR VETEMENT DE POMPIER FABRIQUEE DANS UN LAMINE DE TISSU TISSE ET NON TISSE

English Abstract

The laminate is formed of a sheet of a woven textile material
derived from multifilamentary aramid, polyimide, polyamide,
polybenzimidazole or cellulose fire retardant yarns and a sheet of non-woven
textile material. The adhesive used to produce the laminate
should prevent slippage of the two materials relative to one another and
fraying of the woven textile material while enabling the laminate to be
air permeable, and having a minimum ten (10) cubic feet per minute
(CFM) when tested in accordance with test method ASTM D737. This
product is cheaper to manufacture and is more comfortable than the
known quilted and coated material.

French Abstract

Le laminé est formé d'une couche de matière textile tissée provenant de multifilaments ignifuges à base d'aramide, de polyimide, de polyamide, de polybenzimidazole ou de cellulose et d'une couche de matière textile non tissée. L'adhésif utilisé pour produire le laminé devrait empêcher le glissement des deux tissus l'un par rapport à l'autre et l'effilochage de la matière textile tissée, tout en permettant au laminé d'être perméable à l'air et d'avoir une perméabilité à l'air d'au moins dix (10) pieds cubes à la minute lors des tests conformément à la méthode d'analyse ASTM D737. Ce produit est moins coûteux à fabriquer et est plus confortable que le matériel connu, matelassé et revêtu d'un enduit.

Claims

CLAIMS
1. In a firefighter garment including a fire-resistant outer shell,
moisture barrier and thermal liner, the improvement wherein said
thermal liner comprises a laminate formed of a sheet of textile material
derived from multifilamentary aramid, polyimide, polyamide,
polybenzimidazole or cellulose fire retardant yarns, a second sheet of
non-woven fire-resistant textile material acting as a thermal insulating
barrier, and adhesive means enabling said sheet of textile material and
sheet of non-woven textile material to be laminated in such a manner
that said sheet of textile material and said sheet of non-woven textile
material are non-slipping relative to one another while enabling said
laminate to be air permeable, with a minimum of ten (10) cubic feet per
minute (CFM) air permeability when tested in accordance with ASTM
D737 and that the laminate also inhibits fraying of the woven textile
material.
2. A firefighter garment according to claim 1, wherein said textile
material consists of a weave of warp and weft yarns which are
multifilamentary aramid, polyimide, polybenzimidazole or cellulose fire
retardant yarns.
3. A firefighter garment according to claim 1, wherein said textile
material has a weight which is less than 4.0 ounces per square yard.
4. A firefighter garment according to claim 3, wherein said textile
material is made of yarn size of 80 to 250 deniers.
5. A firefighter garment according to claim 1, wherein said textile
material consists of a knitting of multifilamentary aramid, polyimide,
polyamide or polybenzimidazole yarns, or yarns made of cellulose fire
retardant material.
6. A firefighter garment according to claim 1, wherein said sheet of
textile material consists of a plain weave of aramid yarns, and said sheet
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of non-woven textile material consists of a needle punch aramid,
polyimide, polybenzimidazole, carbon or cellulose fire retardant fibers.
7. A firefighter garment according to claim 1, wherein said sheet of
textile material and said sheet of non-woven textile material are
laminated with a plurality of dot or spider web bonds, therebetween
allowing said laminate to be air permeable, said liner having a minimum
air permeability of ten (10) cubic feet per minute (CFM) when tested in
accordance with test method ASTM D737.

Description

CA 02203982 1997-04-29
"LINER FOR FIREFIGHTER GARMENT MADE OF A LAMINATE
OF A WOVEN FABRIC AND A NON-WOVEN MATERIAL"
This invention relates to a liner for a fire-resistant garment, such
as a firefighter protective garment. More particularly, the present
invention is concerned with a thermal protective liner system composed
of a textile material which is a woven or knitted ' Als~A-~ fabric
laminated to an insulating medium and which provides a minimum of air
' ~ / of ten (10) cubic feet per minute (CFM), when tested in
~cculd~ce with ASTM D737.
Firefighter protective garments usually consist of three or more
discrete layers of fire-resistant materials. The various layers _re
normally:
I) the outer shell which provides protection against puncture,
cuts, flame and heat;
2) the moisture barrier substrate and moisture barrier polymer
which, although fire-resistant, have as their principal purpose protection
against liquid penetration (in certain cases they are permeable to
perspiration vapor to increase wearer comfort);
3) the thermal barrier insulation whose principal function is
to provide protection against heat transfer; and
4) the inner lining or face cloth (which is normally quilted to
the thermal barrier in~ n) which protects the thermal barrier from
wear from the inside of the garment, and provides a last layer of heat
and flame protection.
It will be seen that the inner liner of a firefighter protective
garment therefore consists of an inner lining and a thermal barrier
material.
To provide a liner which includes a fire-resistant ~ nA-~
fabric, the latter is normally quilted to thermal barrier insulation. ~
order to prevent slipping and fraying of the m7lltifil inner lining, it
is customaTy to apply an anti-slippage coating which is well known to
those skilled in the art, such as micro coating or kiss coating., to the
inner lining. However, in doing so, the liner becomes less permeable to
air which is of course undesirable. Indeed, the material should be

CA 02203982 1997-04-29
~,. ' '- to air to provide comfort to the user and to enable the
evaporation of perspiration.
In an effort to provide a liner wherein the inner lining increases
wearer comfort, reduces metabolic energy ~ L, and decreases
metabolic heat build-up, applicant has designed am improved inner lining
which reduces restriction to ll.v v. by the wearer and permits easier
and quicker donning and doffing of the garment. A lining of this type is
described in U.S. Serial No. 214,571 filed March 18, 1994 and in U.S.
Patent No. 5,323,815 issued Jume 28, 1994. This inner lining is based on
aramid, polyimide, polyamide or pol~,l,, ~. l yarns, or yarns
made of cellulose fire retardant material. Commercially, this inner lining
is available under the commercial ~r~ of Ultraflex TM
It will therefore be seen that providing an ilmer lining with an
anti-slippage coating and quilting it to the material of the thermal barrier
isl ' ~
On the other hand, it is known to produce a laminated inner liner
for various articles such as disclosed in the following U.S. Patents:
5,007,112
4,999,236
4,937,136
4,188,445
However, none of the laminates disclosed in the above patents
are concerned with providing a fire-resistant l~fil~ 1 inner liner
~.. ' '- to air, and none of them teach a way to do so.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide am
inner liner for firefighter garments, which is free of slippage and fraying
between the layers of the garment and which is permeable to air.
The above amd other objects of the present invention may be
achieved in a liner for firefighter garments, which comprises a laminate
formed of a sheet of textile material derived from m~lltifil y
aramid, polyimide, polyamide, polyb. ' 'e or cellulose fire
retardamt yarns amd a non-woven textile material in sheet form, and
a&esive means enabling the sheet of textile material and the sheet of
non-woven material to be laminated m such a ma1mer that the sheet of
textile material and the sheet of non-woven textile material, are
non-slipping amd non-fraying relative to one amother while enabling the
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CA 02203982 1997-04-29
laminate to be air permeable with a minimum of ten (10) cubic feet per
minute (CFM) air pPrr ~ y when tested in a~iculdcu.~,c with ASTM
D737.
In accvl~l e with a preferred . ~ -~lir- t, the textile material
5 consists of a weave of war,o and weft yarns which are l~;fil ' ' y
aramid, polyinude, poly~ or cellulose fire-retardant yarns.
Preferably the textile material has a weight which is less than 4.0 oumces
per square yard amd is made of yarn size of 80 to 250 deniers.
In accul,' e with amother . bc ' t, the textile material is a
10 knitting of ' rl-~ y aramid, polyimide, poly~ '~ or
polyl,, ' '~ yarns or yarns made of cellulose fire retardant
material.
The preferred textile material is a plain weave of aramid yarns,
while the preferred non-woven material is made of needle punch aramid,
15 polyimide, polyb~ carbon or cullulose fre retardant fibers.
The laminate according to the invention is prepared by any well
known l ( process except that the adhesive is deposited such as
by spraying so as to produce a large number of bonds, dots or spider
web, rather than a . film, thereby enabling the laminate to be
20 air penn~ An example of the adhesive that may be used is a
moisture curing PUR prepolymer hot melt adhesive.