Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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"KEY CONTROLLED LATCH"
This invention relates to latches of the kind which are controlled by a key
operable lock and which are intended for use on doors and other movable
members adapted to close an access opening. It will be convenient to
hereinafter describe the invention with particular reference to doors, but the
invention has wider application.
Latch assemblies for doors commonly include a turn knob or handle
which is generally located at the inside of the door and which is rotated to
withdraw the latch bolt info ifs casing. In order to improve the security of
such
assemblies, manufacturers have included a key operated lock which is
operative to releasably hold the turn knob or handle against rotation. Such
locks are typically arranged so as to be operated from the inside of the door
and are not operable from the outside of the door. In particular, key
operation
of the latch from the outside of the door will not release the lock. That can
lead
to serious problems in circumstances where the door needs to be opened
urgently from the inside, particularly if the lock key has been misplaced or
is
not conveniently accessible.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a key controlled latch
which can be released from a locked condition by use of a key at the outside
of
the door or other member with which the latch is used.
A typical latch assembly to which the present invention is applicable
includes a casing, a latch bolt movable relative to the casing to adopt either
an
extended latching position or a retracted release position, a first actuator
at an
inner side of the assembly which is operable to move the latch bolt to the
release position, locking means which is rendered active or inactive by key
operation from the inner side of the assembly and which when active renders
the first actuator inoperable, and a second actuator at an outer side of the
assembly which is operable to move the latch bolt to the release position.
. In normal latch assemblies of the foregoing kind operation of the outer
or second actuator does not affect the operation of the locking means. That
locking means remains active in spite of operation of the outer actuator, and
can be rendered inactive only by appropriate and deliberate operation of the
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locking means from the inner side of the latch assembly. It
is usually the case in such prior assemblies that the
locking means is key operated. That is, the locking means
will generally include a key operated tumbler lock and
locking mechanism connected to that lock so as to be
influenced by operation of the lock. The second or outer
actuator may also include a key operated tumbler lock, but
in conventional assemblies of the foregoing kind operation
of that lock does not influence operation of the first
actuator locking means. The two locks are arranged so that
one is operated from the inner side of the assembly and the
other is operated from the outer side.
According to one aspect of the present invention,
there is provided a latch assembly including, a casing, a
latch bolt mounted on the casing so as to be movable
relative thereto between an extending latching position and
a retracted release position, a first actuator operable from
an inner side of the assembly to cause movement of the latch
bolt to said release position, locking means operable from
said inner side of the assembly to adopt an active condition
and thereby render said first actuator inoperable, a second
actuator operable from an outer side of the assembly to
cause movement of the latch bolt to the release position,
and lock release means which is responsive to said operation
of the second actuator so as to thereby render said first
actuator inoperable, a second actuator operable from an
outer side of the assembly to cause movement of the latch
bolt to the release position, and lock release means which
is responsive to said operation of the second actuator so as
to thereby render said locking means inactive.
According to the present invention, a latch
assembly of the foregoing kind is characterised in that it
~
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includes lock release means which is responsive to operation
of the second actuator to render the locking means inactive.
The first actuator will generally include a
rotatable knob or handle which is connected to the latch
bolt in a known manner so as to be operable to move that
bolt into the release position, and the bolt may be spring
biased into the latching position. The locking means
preferably includes at least one cam controlled detent which
is movable between actuator locking and actuator release
positions. It is also preferred that the lock release means
is operable to influence the detent cam in a manner such
that operation of the second or outer actuator causes the
detent cam to move to a position corresponding to the
actuator release position of the detent. The cam may be
spring biased towards that corresponding position, and
retaining means may be operable to allow or prevent such
movement according to whether or not, respectively, the
second actuator is operated.
Embodiments of the invention are described in
detail in the following passages of the specification which
refer to the accompanying drawings. The drawings, however,
are merely illustrative of how the invention might be put
into effect, so that the specific form and arrangement of
the various features as shown is not to be understood as
limiting on the invention.
In the drawings:
Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of an installation
including a latch assembly according to one embodiment of
the invention.
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Figure 2 is an exploded view of part of a latch assembly according to an
embodiment of the invention and which omits the outer actuator of the
assembly.
Figure 3 is an end view of the part of the assembly shown by Figure 2
and in which parts have been omitted for convenience of illustration.
Figure 4 is a cross sectional view taken along line iV-IV of Figure 3.
Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 3 but showing the assembly with the
locking means of the inner actuator in an active condition.
Figure 6 is a cross sectional view taken along line VI-Vi of Figure 5.
Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 5 but showing the locking means
ready to return to the inactive condition.
Figure 8 is a cross sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII of Figure 7.
Figure 9 is a partially exploded perspective view of the assembly part
shown by Figures 2 to 8.
Figure 10 is a view similar to Figure 9 but showing the drive plate
mounted on the turn-knob of the assembly.
Figure 11 is an exploded view of an outer actuator suitable for use with
the part of the assembly shown by Figures 2 to 10.
Figure 1 shows, in very diagrammatic form, a latch assembly 1
incorporating one embodiment of the invention which is shown mounted in an
edge of a door 2. The assembly 1 includes a latch bolt 3 which is movable
between an extended latching position, as shown, and a retracted position in
which the head 4 of the bolt 3 is at feast substantially contained within the
assembly casing 5. A spring 6 urges the bolt 3 towards the latching position,
and the bolt 3 can be withdrawn into the retracted position by operation of
either an inner actuator 7 or an outer actuator 8. fn that respect, "inner"
and
"outer" respectively relate to the inner side and the outer side of the door 2
relative to the space to which access is controlled by the door 2.
The inner actuator 7 may include a rotatable member such as a turn
knob or handle, and in the arrangement shown includes a rotatable turn knob
9. That knob 9 can be connected to the latch bolt 3 in any appropriate manner
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such that rotation of the knob 9 causes linear movement of the bolt 3 into the
refracted position. Such connections are well known in the relevant art.
The outer actuator may include a key operated lock 10, and in a typical
arrangement that lock includes a body or cylinder 11 and a barrel 12 rotatably
mounted in the cylinder 11. Tumblers (not shown), such as pin tumblers, may .
interact between the cylinder 11 and the barrel 12 in a known manner so as to
prevent relative rotation of the barrel 12 unless a correctly cut key is
inserted
into a key way (not shown) of the barrel 12. The barrel 12 is connected to the
latch bolt 3 in a manner such that rotation of the barrel 12 is operative to
cause
movement of the bolt 3 into the refracted position, and such connections are
well known in the art.
Selectively operable locking means 13 is provided to enable the turn
knob 9 to be rendered inoperable. Such locking means can be of any suitable
form, and one particular form will be hereinafter described. It is preferred
that
the locking means includes a key operated lock 14, and in a typical
arrangement that lock includes a body or cylinder 15 and a barrel 16 rotatably
mounted in the cylinder 15. Tumblers (not shown), such as pin tumblers, may
interact between the cylinder 15 and the barrel 16 in a known manner so as to
prevent relative rotation of the barrel 16 unless a correctly cut key is
inserted
into a key way (not shown) of the barrel 16. The cylinder 15 may be mounted
within the turn knob 9 as hereinafter described so as to be held against
movement relative to the knob 9, and the barrel 16 may be connected to other
parts of the locking means 13 in any appropriate fashion.
In a typical arrangement the two locks 10 and 14 are able to be
operated by the same key, but that is not essential.
It is a feature of the assembly 1 that it includes lock release means 17
which responds to operation of the lock 10 so as to automatically deactivate
the locking means 13. The release means may take any suitable form, and
one particular form will be hereinafter described.
Figure 2 is an exploded view of part of one particular construction
according to the invention, and shows that part of a latch assembly
incorporating the locking means 13 and the release means 17. Other Figures
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give a clearer picture of how some of the relevant components cooperate with
one another.
The Pocking means 13 of the construction shown in Figure 2 includes the
lock 14 and two detents 18 which are cooperable with the turn knob 9 and
which are controlled in a manner hereinafter explained. Although two detents
18 are shown, it wil( be appreciated that a single detent 18 could be used. In
the particular arrangement shown, each of the detents 18 is of elongate form
and is slidabiy mounted on the turn knob 9 so as to be movable in the
direction
of the longitudinal axis of the decent 18 and so as to be engageable with a
70 fixed parE of the casing 5, or a member attached to casing 5. The detents
18
are located on opposite sides of the rotational axis of the turn knob 9 and
are
movable in opposite directions radial of that axis.
When the locking means 13 is inactive, each of the detents 18 is fully
contained in a cylindrical cavity C, part of which is shown in Figures 3 and
5.
An inner hub 20 of the turn knob 9 which carries the detents 18 is located
within the cavity C, and when the detents 18 are in the position shown by
Figure 3 they do not hinder rotation of the knob 9. When the locking means 13
is active, the detents 18 are moved radially outwards beyond the periphery of
the hub 20 as shown by Figure 5 so as to engage the casing 5 or a member
attached thereto. In the arrangement shown each decent 18 is slidably
mounted in a respective one of two locking recesses 21 formed in the knob
hub 20 and thereby coact with the knob 9 to prevent rotation of the knob 9
when the detents 18 are positioned as shown in Figure 5 to engage the casing
5 or a member attached thereto. It will be appreciated that other arrangements
and other forms of locking means could be adopted.
In the particular arrangement shown, movement of the detents 18 is
controlled by a rotatable cam 22, and the example cam 22 as shown includes
two recesses 23 formed in the peripheral surface 24 and arranged in
diametrically opposed relationship. As shown by Figure 3, each of the
recesses 23 receives an inner end portion of a respective one of the detents
18
when the locking means 13 is inactive. As shown by Figure 5, the inner end of
each detent 18 engages against the peripheral surface 24 when the locking
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means 13 is active. A sloping ramp surface 25 extends between the base of
each recess 23 and the surface 24 so as to progressively move the detents 18
radially outwards when the cam 22 is rotated relative to the hub 9 in one
particular direction as shown by the arrow "A" in Figure 5. '
Any suitable connection may be provided between the cam 22 and the
turn knob 9 so as to cause the cam 22 to rotate in an appropriate manner in
response to rotation of the turn knob. In the particular arrangement shown the
cam 22 is located within a cylindrical cavity 26 (Figure 2) of the turn knob 9
so
as to be capable of limited rotation relative to the turn knob 9. An arm 27
projects laterally from an outer surface of the cam 22 and is positioned
between two stops 28 and 29 formed within the turn knob 9. Relative rotation
between the cam 22 and the turn knob 9 is limited by the spacing between the
stops 28 and 29 and the thickness of the arm 27. It is preferred as shown that
a spring 30 acts between the turn knob 9 and the cam arm 27 so as to
normally urge the arm 27 against the stop 28 (Figures 3, 7 and 9), but other
arrangements could be adopted for that purpose.
It will be observed from Figures 3 and 9 that the detents 18 are inactive
when the relative rotational positions of the cam 22 and the turn knob 9 are
such that the arm 27 engages the stop 28, which will be hereinafter referred
to
as the first position of rotation of the cam 22. When the cam 22 is rotated
relative to the turn knob 9 so as to engage against or locate adjacent the
stop
29 {the second position of rotation) the detents 18 are cammed into the active
position as shown by Figure 5. The spring 30 tends to move the cam 22 back
to the Figure 3 position and releasable retainer means is provided to prevent
that movement.
in the particular arrangement shown the cam retainer means includes a
member which can be moved into and out of cooperative engagement with the
cam 22. Preferably that member is in the form of a lever 31 which is mounted
for rocking or pivotal movement between cam retaining and cam release ,
positions respectively. The cam retaining position is shown by Figures 5 and 6
and the cam release position is shown by Figures 7 and 8. It is further
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preferred that the fever 31 is connected to the lock barrel 16 for rotation
with
that barrel.
In the particular arrangement shown, the lever 31 is carried by a
cylindrical turret 32 which is connected to the lock barrel 16 for rotation
with
that barrel. The lever 31 is nested within a transverse slot 33 of the turret
32
so as to be movable between the cam retaining position as shown in Figures 5
and 6, and the cam release position as shown in Figures 7 and 8. For the
purpose of that movement, which is essentially pivotal movement, each of two
lateral wings 34 of the lever 31 locate within a respective recess 35 of the
turret
32. The lever 31 is held in assembly with the turret 32 by an overlying plate
36, and a projection 37 at the undersurface of the plate 36 bears against the
upper surface of the lever 31 to facilitate pivotal movement of the lever 31.
Other types of pivotal mounting could be adopted. A downturned lug 38 at one
end of the lever 31 cooperates with the cam 22 as described below.
When the lever 31 is in the cam retaining position (Figures 5 and 6) the
lug 38 engages against a side 39 of a projection 40 which is upstanding from
an upper surface of the cam 22. Biasing means preferably urges the lever 31
into a pivotal position at which engagement between the lug 38 and the
projection 40 can occur, and in the arrangement shown that biasing means
includes a spring 41 which acts between the turret 32 and the lever 31.
In the situation shown by Figure 5 the turn knob 9 is held against
rotation by the detents 18 engaging with the casing 5 or a member secured
thereto. The cam 22 is attached to the turn knob 9 as previously described
and consequently cannot move relative to the turn knob in the direction of
arrow "B". Also, the lever 31 is unable to rotate about the axis of the cam 22
because of its connection with the lock barrel 16 which cannot rotate relative
to
the cylinder 15 until released by an appropriate key.
Lock release means is provided to enable the lever 31 to be moved out
of blocking engagement with the cam projection 40. In the particular
arrangement shown, the lock release means 17 is arranged to have direct
influence on the cam retainer means, and it is preferred that such influence
is
achieved through a rotatable camming member 42 which forms part of the
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release means 17 and is connected to the outside lock 10 so as to rotate in
response to rotation of the lock barrel 12. As shown by Figure 11, that
connection may include a drive bar 43 of non-circular cross-sectional shape
which engages at one end within a slot 44 in an end of the barrel 10, and
engages at its other end in a rectangular aperture 45 formed through the
camming member 42.
As best seen in Figures 4, 6 and 8, the camming member 42 is arranged
to overlie the lever 31 at the side of that lever remote from the cam 22. A
camming lug 46 provided on the member 42 has a sloping cam face 47 which
is adapted to engage against an upstanding portion 48 of the lever 31 which
projects above the plate 36, as shown in Figures 4, 6 and 8, when the lever 31
is in the cam retaining position. Rotation of the member 42 caused through
operation of the lock 10, results in coaction between the cam face 47 and the
Lever portion 48 such that the lever 31 is progressively forced downwards
against the action of the spring 41 towards the position shown in Figure 8.
Having now described the principle components of the embodiment of
the invention shown in the drawings, the operation of that embodiment is as
follows.
When the lock 14 is in a released condition the cam 22 and the detents
18 will be positioned as shown by Figure 3. The turn knob 9 is thus able to be
rotated as required to operate the latch bolt 3. In that regard, the knob 9
may
coact with the latch bolt mechanism through a drive plate 49 in a known
manner.
If it is desired to lock the turn knob 9 against rotation the lock barrel 16
is turned in the direction of arrow "A" {Figures 3 and 5) by means of an
appropriate key 50. The lock barrel 16 is turned through approximately 360
degrees from the position shown in Figure 3 to the position shown in Figure 5.
During a final part of that movement the lever lug 38 engages against the side
39 of the cam projection 40 and thereby pushes the cam 22 against the ,
influence of the spring 30 so that the cam 22 is moved from the first position
of
rotation shown by Figure 3 to the second position of rotation shown by Figure
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5. As a consequence the detents 18 are cammed out of the recesses 23 to
lock the turn knob 9 agairtst rotation.
Rotation of the cam 22 relative to the turn knob 9 in the direction of
arrow "B" (Figure 5) is prevented by coaction between the lever lug 38 and the
. 5 cam projection 40. In that regard, the lock barrel 16 (Figure 6) is held
against
rotation in the direction of arrow "B" by the action of the tock tumblers
(assuming there is no key in the lock), and the lever 31 is unable to rotate
about the barrel axis independent of the barrel 16.
It will be apparent that the restraining influence of the lever 31 does not
prevent a key 50 being used to turn the lock barrel 16 in the direction of
arrow
"B" so as to return the barrel 16 from the Figure 5 position to the Figure 3
position. On the other hand, operation of the outer lock 10 will remove the
restraining influence of the lever 31 in the following manner.
Rotation of the lock barrel 12 causes corresponding rotation of the
camming member 42 through the connection described by reference to Figure
11. As the camming member 42 rotates with the lock barrel 12 the cam face
47 engages the lever portion 48 and thereby progressively pushes the lever 31
down against the influence of the spring 41. As a consequence the fever 31 is
eventually caused to adopt the position shown by Figure 8 at which the lever
tug 38 no longer blocks movement of the cam projection 40. The cam 22 is
thereby free to rotate relative to the turn knob 9 in the direction of arrow
"B"
under the influence of the spring 30 and the projection 40 is thereby able to
adopt a position relative to the lever 31 as shown by Figure 7. Furthermore,
the aforementioned movement of the cam 22 places the cam recesses 23 in a
position such that the detents 18 can move inwards to adopt the inactive
condition. That inward movement of the detents 18 might occur automatically,
or it might occur as a consequence of the rotation of the tum knob 9. In that
regard, the outer end of each detent may be rounded or otherwise shaped so
that turning movement of the knob 9 relative to the casing 5 imposes a force
on
each detent 18 which has a component acting in the longitudinal direction of
the decent 18.
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When the cam 22 has adopted the Figure 7 position it will retain that
position under the influence of the spring 30 unless forced out of that
position
by operation of the Pock 14. Consequently, the turn knob locking means 13 is
automatically deactivated when the lock 10 is operated and it remains
deactivated until deliberately returned to the active condition by operation
of
the lock 14.
It will be appreciated from the foregoing description that the present
invention provides a relatively simple means for deactivating the knob locking
mechanism from a position outside the door with which the latch assembly is
associated. Furthermore, the release operation is of a positive nature such
that release will always occur each time the outside lock (or other actuator)
is
operated to withdraw the latch bolt.
Various alterations, modifications and/or additions may be introduced
into the constructions and arrangements of parts previously described without
departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined by the appended
claims.
