Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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DESCRIPTION
BODY SOAP COMPOSITION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a body soap composition
containing fatty acid soap and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether
sulfate, in particular to a liquid soap excellent in use feeling
at rinse and after washing owing to containing fatty acid soap
and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate in a specific ratio, and
especially relates to a facial cleanser.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Conventionally as raw materials of body soaps comprising
mainly metallic salts of higher fatty acids, that is higher fatty
acid soaps, solid soaps of metallic salts of higher fatty acids
have been widely used. Thus regarding the form, most of the fatty
acid soaps have been solid type. They are well fitted for toilet
soaps because they show excellent foamability and cleansing
power, but one of their problems is that their use feeling is not
satisfactory such as stiff feeling caused to the skin after rinse
especially to the face skin.
Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfates, anionic surface active
agents, are widely used for body soaps because they show
excellent foamability, cleansing power and comparatively low
skin irritation. But one of the problems of the body soaps
containing polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate as a main
component is that it a.s not easy to rinse after cleansing and that
one who uses the soap feels slimy after rinse especially after
washing one's face.
As the results of the researches to remove the above
problems, the inventors have eventually found that body soaps
having an excellent use feeling during and after cleansing can be
made by compounding fatty acid soap and polyoxyethylene alkyl
ether sulfate in a specific ratio, and further excellent
t
irritation reducing effect, foam stabilizing effect and
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cleansing power improving effect can be attained by adding
thereto either amphoteric surface active agents such as betaine
type amphoteric surface active agents or surface active agents
selected from the group consisting of sorbitan type and
polyethylene glycol type or both.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention relates to a body soap composition
comprising 1 to 30$ fatty acid soap and 1 to 30 o polyoxyethylene
alkyl ether sulfate by weight and the weight ratio of the fatty
acid soap to the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate in the body
soap composition is 8:2 to 3:7, and preferably 8:2 to 6:4.
In the body soap, the higher fatty acid soaps are preferably
prepared by neutralizing a mixture containing as main components
lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid and isostearic acid
with triethanolamine, and the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether
sulfates are preferably polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfate.
in the body soap composition of the present invention, it is
preferred to contain further 0 . 5 to 20 o amphoteric surface active
agent by weight. Examples of the amphoteric surface active
agents can be a betaine-type amphoteric surface active agents.
And further, the body soap composition is preferred to
contain 0. 1 to 5 o nonionic surface active agent by weight.
Preferable examples of the nonionic surface active agents can be
either sorbitan type or polyethylene glycol type nonionic surface
active agents or both. The body soap compositions of the
present invention can be used in a variety of forms and not
restricted particularly but liquid type is preferable. A
preferable application thereof is a facial cleanser.
EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
The fatty acid soap of the present invention is an alkaline
salt of higher fatty acid represented by the general formula as
follows
{ R1C00 ) ~Mlx
wherein R1 is an alkyl group having more than six carbon atoms, M~
2
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is an alkaline group, j and k are independently integers of 1 to
3.
Examples of the higher fatty acids in the present invention
can be caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid,
myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, oleic
acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, undecylenic acid, lanolin fatty
acid, linoleic acid, licinoleic acid and isostearic acid and sa
forth. They can be used as a mixture thereof having proper
properties. Fats used for raw materials for preparation of the
higher fatty acids are, for example, beef tallow, mutton tallow,
palm oil, olive oil, castor oil, coconut oil, palm kernel oil and
so forth, though the raw materials are not limited thereto . Said
alkaline group can be sodium, potassium, ammonium ( NH4 ) ration
and so forth, and in the present invention ammonium ration is
preferred.
The content of the fatty acid soap in the body soap
composition of the present invention is 1 to 30$ by weight. If no
more than 1$ by weight, cleansing power and foamability will not
be enough. If exceeding 30o by weight, it is not preferred
because of decrease in use feeling, increase in skin irritation
and crystallization at low temperature in the case of liquid body
soaps.
Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfates of the present
invention are compounds shown by the general formula as follows:
~ R20 ( CHzCHaO ) 1S03 ~ a,Mzn
wherein R~ is an alkyl group having more than six carbon atoms, MZ
is an alkaline group, 1 is an integer from 1 to 30, m and n are
independently integers from 1 to 3.
Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfates, anionic surface active
agents, are generally prepared by sulfating polyoxyethylene
derivatives of higher alcohols and then neutralizing with
alkaline compound to form alkaline salts, but the preparation
method in the present invention is not limited thereto. Examples
of the alkaline salts can be sodium salt, potassium salt,
i ammonium salt and so forth. Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfates
are widely used because they irritate skin less than alkyl ether
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sulfates.
The content of the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfates is 1
to 30$ of the body soap composition by weight. If no more than 1$
by weight, cleansing power and foamability are not enough. If
exceeding 30~ by weight, it is not preferable because of decrease
in rinsing quality after use and remaining slimy feeling after
v
rinse. Examples of the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfates can
be polyoxyethylene octyl ether sulfate, polyoxyethylene lauryl
ether sulfate, polyoxyethylene palmityl ether sulfate,
polyoxyethylene stearyl ether sulfate, and so forth, especially
polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfate such as sodium
polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfate is preferred because of its
low skin irritation.
The form of the body soap of the present invention can be, for
example, solids, semi-solids, foam or solutions, in particular
solutions are preferred.
It is preferred to add amphoteric surface active agents to
the body soap of the present invention. The amphoteric surface
active agent can be a carbonic acid type such as aminoacid type
and betaine type, sulfate type, sulfonic acid type, phosphate
type, and so forth. In particular addition of betaine type
amphoteric surface active agents are preferred. The betaine type
amphoteric surface active agents can be, for example, N-alkyl-N-
carboxymethyl ammonium betaine, sodium 2-alkyl-1-hydroxyethyl
imidazoline betaine, alkyldimethylamino acetic acid betaine,
alkylimidazolinium betaine and coconut oil fatty acid amide
propyl betaine. Preferred amphoteric surface active agents other
than the betaine type listed above are, for example, N-
alkylaminoethyl glycine such as N-lauryl diamino ethyl glycine
and N-myristyl diaminoethyl glycine, N-alkyl ,8 -alanine, N, N, N-
trimethyl amino propionic acid, N-hydroxyethyl N,N-
dihydroxyethyl amino propionic acid, N-alkyl-N,N-dihydroxyethyl
amino propionic acid, N,N,N-trihydroxyethyl amino propionic
acid, N-alkyl N,N-dimethyl amino propionic acid, N-alkyl N,N-
dihydroxyethylamino acetic acid, N-alkyl N,N-dimethyl amino
acetic acid, N-alkyl N,N-dimethyl amino lactic acid, N-alkyl N,N-
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dimethyl amino propyl sulfonic acid, N-alkyl N,N-dimethyl amino-
2-hydroxypropyl sulfonic acid. The above amphoteric surface
active agents can be contained independently or jointly. The
contents of the amphoteric surface active agents are preferably
from 0.5 to 200 of the body soap composition by weight. If no
more than 0.5~ by weight, preferred low irritation that should be
realized by addition of an amphoteric surface active agent will
not be attained. It is not preferable to exceed 20 o by weight
because of decrease in foamability of the body soap.
It is preferred to add further nonionic surface active agents
to the body soap of the present invention. Preferred nonionic
surface active agents can be sugar fatty acid esters such as
sucrose fatty acid ester, maltol fatty acid ester and lactose
fatty acid ester; sugar alcohol fatty acid esters such as
maltitol fatty acid ester and lactitol fatty acid ester; fatty
acid polyglycerin esters such as decaglyceryl monolaurate and
diglyceryl monostearate; fatty acid diethanoi amides such as
iauric acid mono- or di-ethanolamide and myristic acid mono- or
di- ethanolamide; fatty acid monoglyceride.
Among the nonionic surface active agents, sorbitan type and
polyethylene glycol type are particularly preferred. As sorbitan
type surface active agents, poiyoxyethylene coconut oil fatty
acid sorbitan, sesquioleic acid sorbitan, trioleic acid
sorbitan, monooleic acid sorbitan, monostearic acid sorbitan,
monopalmitic acid sorbitan, monolauric acid sorbitan; and
polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester such as
polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate and polyoxyethylene
sorbitan monostearate, and so forth, especially polyoxyethylene
coconut oil fatty acid sorbitan is preferred.
Preferred polyethylene glycol type nonionic surface active
agents can be monooleic acid polyethylene glycol, monostearic
acid polyethylene glycol, monolauric acid polyethylene glycol,
distearic acid polyethylene glycol; polyoxyethylene fatty acid
ester such as polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil,
r polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene copolymer, polyoxyethylene
polyoxypropylene fatty acid esters and so forth. Distearic acid
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polyethylene glycol is especially preferred. The nonionic
surface active agents can be used independently or jointly.
The contents of the nonionic surface active agents are preferably
from O.1 to 50 of the body soap by weight. When no more than 0.1~
by weight, sufficient foam stabilizing effect and cleansing power
may not be attained. When exceeding 5 a by weight, foamability
may decrease.
Other surface active agents than those mentioned above can be
optionally added to the present body soap composition on
condition that they do not impair the effects of the present
invention. Examples of such surface active agents can be sodium
alkylsulfate such as sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium myristyl
sulfate; sodium N-acyl zarcosinate such as sodium N-lauroil
zarcosinate and sodium N-myristoil zarcosinate; sodium
dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium hydrogenated coconut fatty acid
monoglyceride monosulfate, sodium lauroilsulfoacetate, N-
acylglutamate such as sodium N-palmitoil glutamate, sodium N-
methyl-N-acyl taurine, sodium N-methyl-N-acylalanine, sodium t
olefine sulfonate and sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate. The above
surface active agents can be contained either independently or
jointly.
The body soap of the present invention can further contain
additives such as tackifiers, stabilizers, emulsifiers,
moisturizers, antimicrobial agents, chelating agents, fragrances
and so forth if not impairing the effects of the present
invention.
Examples of the tackifiers can be electrolytes such as sodium
chloride, potassium chloride and sodium sulfate; fatty acid
polyethylene glycol esters such as monostearic acid polyethylene
glycol and distearic acid polyethylene glycol; alkylol amides
such as coconut oil fatty acid diethanol amide and
polyoxyethylene coconut oil fatty acid monoethanol amide;
cellulose derivatives such as methyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl
cellulose. The tackifiers can be contained either independently
or jointly.
Stabilizers can be included in order to improve solution
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stability at low temperatures especially in the case of
transparent body soaps. Examples of the stabilizers can be
alcohols such as ethanol, propylene glycol and glycerine, sodium
benzenesulfonate, sodium xylenesulfonate, urea, etc. The
stabilizers can be contained either independently or jointly.
Examples of the emulsifiers can be opalizers such as styrene
a
polymer and polyvinylacetate, magnesium stearate, ethylene
glycol monostearate, ethylene glycol distearate, stearyl
alcohol, pearly brighteners such as fish scales, titanium mica
and oxychlorobismus treated mica. Those emulsifiers can be
contained either independently or jointly.
Examples of the moisturizers can be higher alcohols such as
cetanol and stearyl alcohol, lanoline derivatives, glycerine
sorbit, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol,
polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol. These moisturizers
can be contained either independently or jointly.
The germicides are often compounded not only for
sterilization, disinfection and deodorization but also in order
to prevent dermatitis such as pimple as well as skin cleaning.
Some of them can be contained for medically effective ingredients
or antiseptic agents . The examples of the germicides can be
cresols such as meta-cresol and para-chloro-meta-cresol,
chlorhexidine, isopropyl methyl phenol, photosensitizer 101,
chloroxylenol, trichlorocarbanilide, halocarban, phenol,
trichrosan, phenoxyethanol, etc. Above germicides can be
contained either independently or jointly.
Chelating agents are often used to improve clearness of
transparent liquid body soaps or to prevent decrease in
transparency caused by formation of metallic soap. Examples of
the chelating agents can be ethylene diamine tetraacetate
derivatives, tripolyphosphates, hexametaphosphates, dihydroxy
ethylglycine, citric acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid and
saccharic acid. The chelating agents can be contained either
independently or jointly.
t Examples of the fragrances can be menthol, anethole, carvone,
eugenol, limonene, ocimene, n-decylalcohol,citronellol,
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alpha-terpineol, methyl salicylate, methyl acetate, citronellyl
acetate, cineole, linalool, ethyl linalool, vanillin, thymol,
spearmint oil, peppermint oil, lemon oil, orange oil, sage oil,
rosemary oil, cinnamon oil, pimento oil, cinnamon leaf oil,
perilla oil, wintergreen oil, clove oil, eucalyptus oil, etc.
They can be contained either singly or in combination.
f
FXAMPT,R~
The present invention will become more apparent in the
following examples. Numerals are based on weight if not
otherwise defined. Methods and criteria of sensuous evaluation
tests in the Examples are as follows
1. Test method:
Subjects cleanse their face using test samples and evaluate
foamability and slimy feeling after rinse according to below
criteria. The test results are average values of the evaluations
of all the subjects.
2. Criteria of evaluation:
( 1 ) Foamability at use:
X : not foamable
0: slightly foamable
O: foamable
sufficiently foamable
( 2 ) Slimy feeling after rinse:
X : very slimy
D: slimy
slightly slimy
practically not slimy
3. Combined evaluation:
Results of the above two tests are scored as X : O, O: I, O: 2,
and ~:3, the scores of the two tests for each sample are added
and the sums are the combined evaluations . Samples whose
combined evaluations are more than 4 are regarded as "good" and
less than 3 "defective" .
Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Examples 1 and 2:
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As shown in Table 1, five samples were prepared by mixing
fatty acid soap ( prepared by neutralizing a mixture of fatty
acids comprising lauric acid, myristic acid, 'palmitic acid and
isostearic acid with triethanol amine ) and sodium
polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfate so that the ratios of the
fatty acid soap to sodium polyethylene lauryl ether sulfate in
the samples were 0:10, 3:7, 5:5, 7:3 and 10:0 respectively.
Table 1
Com. Ex. Ex. Ex. 3 Com.
Ex. 1 2 Ex.
1 2
Fatty acid soap 0 7 11.5 16 23
Sodium polyoxyethylene 23 16 11.5 7 0
lauryl ether sulfate
Purified water 77 77 ; 77 77 77
Composition ratio O:iO_ 3:7 5:5 7:3 10:0
,
Foamability in use D o 0 o x
Sl imy feel i ng after p o ' o ~ o
r i nse
Combined evaluation 2 4 4 5 2
~
In the table, amounts of the fatty acid soaps were calculated
based on the amounts of synthesized fatty acid soaps. Summed
percentage of the fatty acid soap and sodium polyoxyethylene
lauryl ether sulfate in each test sample was kept at a constant
value of 23~ by weight of . the mixed solution. A preparation
method for each sample was as follows
154g purified water in a glass beaker of 500m1 was heated up
to about 70~C in a water bath. Except for comparative examples 1
and 2, fatty acid soaps ~were prepared by adding fatty acid and
triethanolamine directly to the glass beaker so that the weight
of formed soap became equivalent to the composition ratio shown
in Table l, and then sodium polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfate
corresponding to the composition ratio shown in Table 1 was added
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to the aqueous solution. In comparative example 1, 46g sodium
polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfate was charged to a 154 g
purified water, the mixed aqueous solutions were agitated with a
stirrer while cooling until the solutions became uniform, then
stopped agitation, cooled the solutions to a room temperature and
stored as the test samples .
Sensual evaluation tests were performed for twenty subjects
using five test samples shown in Table 1. The results showed
that, in the test of foamability at use, samples of composition
weight ratios in the range from 3:7 to 7:3 were evaluated as good.
In the test of slimy feeling after rinse, the composition ratios
in the range from 3:10 to 10:0 were evaluated as good, in
particular the ratio 7:3 was considered as ~, the best evaluation
in Table 1. Consequently samples of ratios in the range from 3.7
to 7:3 were evaluated as good in both tests of foamability and
slimy feeling as well as the combined evaluations, and were found
that they had good use feeling.
Examples 4 to 8:
As shown in Table 2, the samples whose ratios of fatty acid
soap to sodium polyoxyethylene iauryl ether sulfate being in the
range from 3:7 to 7:3 which were evaluated as good in the sensual
evaluation tests in Table 1 were investigated more in detail.
Sample preparation methods were the same as those of Table 1.
Table 2
Ex.4 Ex.5 Ex.6 Ex.7 Ex.8
Fatty acid soap . 9 ~ 11.5 14 16 19
Sodium polyoxyethylene 14 11.5 9 7 I 4
laurylether sulfate
Purified water 77 77 77 77 77
Composition ratio 4:6 5:5 6:4 7:3 j 8:2 .
foamability in use o 0 0 0 0
Slimy feeling after O o o ~ o
rinse
Combined evaluation 4 4 4 5
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Five compositions having weight ratios of fatty acid soap to
sodium polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfate of 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 7:3
and 8:2 were prepared, and sensual tests were performed for
twenty six subjects using above five test samples. The results
a
showed that all the samples were evaluated as goad in said two
tests and all the combined evaluations also were good and above
all the ratio 7:3 was evaluated as ~, which showed the ratio was
especially preferable.
Examples 9 to 11, Comparative Examples 3 and 4
Facial cleanser having compositions shown in Table 3 were
prepared according to the following procedures:
2608 purified water was poured into a one litter glass
beaker, heated up to 70~ C, while agitating ingredients shown in
Table 3 were charged sequentially to the glass beaker, the
solution was agitated for more than ten minutes with a stirrer
till the solution became uniform, agitation was stopped, and the
solution was stood and cooled to the room temperature.
0
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Table 3
Composition
ratio~~_(weighi_t_
%)
Component Com. Ex. Ex. 10 _ Com.
Ex. 9 Ex. 11 Ex.
3 4
Fatty acid soap 0.0 6.8 11.4 16 22
0 8
Sodium polyoxyethylene 22.8 16.0 11.4 . .
6.8 0.0
laurylether sulfate
Alkyl betain 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
Polyoxyethylene 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0. 5 0, 5
fatty acid sorbitan
Fatty acid polyethylene 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5
glycol
Conc. g I ycer l ne 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0
trichrosan 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
paraben 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Coconut of I fatty acid 3. 0 3.0 3. 0 3. 0 3, p
diethanol amide
Pigments trace trace trace trace trace
Flavors 0. 2 0.2 0. 2 0. 2 0, 2
Purified water balancebalancebalance balance balance
Composition ratio 0:10 3:7 5:5 7:3 10:0
foamability in use O O O O p
Sfimy feeling after rinsep O O
(Combined evaluation 3 4 4 5 3
A sensual test was performed for twenty nine subjects using
above five test samples. The results showed that, in the test of
foamability at use, the samples of weight ratio in the range from
0:10 to 7:3 were evaluated as good, in the test of slimy feeling _
after rinse, the ratio in the range from 3:7 to 10:0 were
evaluated as good, in particular the ratio 7:3 was evaluated as
Examples 12 to 14, Comparative Example 5:
In order to investigate more in detail around the ratio of
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7:3 that showed the best evaluation of all the samples in Table 3,
samples for facial cleanser compositions were prepared in a
similar process to the samples in Table 3 in compositions shown
in below Table 4 whose ratios of fatty acid soap to sodium
' polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfate were 6:4, 7:3, 8, 2 and 9: 1.
' Table 4
Composition ratio (weight %)
Component Ex. 12 Ex. 13 Ex. 14
Com. Ex. 5
Fatty acid soap 13.7 i6.0 18.2 20.5
Sodium polyoxyethylene 9.1 6.8 4.6 2.3
laurylether sulfate
Alkyl betain 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
Polyoxyethylene 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
fatty acid sorbitan
Fatty acid polyethylene 1.5 i , 1.5 1.5 1.5
glycol
Conc, g f ycer i ne 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0 2. 0
trichrosan 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
paraben 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Coconut of I fatty acid 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0
diethanol amide
Pigments trace trace trace trace
iFlavors ~ 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Purified water balance balance balance balance
Composition ratio 6:4 7:3 8:2 9:1
foamability in use ~ O O O
Slimy feeling after rinse O ~ O o
Combined evaluation 4 5 4 3
' A sensual test was performed for nineteen subjects using
above test samples. The results showed that, in the test of
'' foamability at use, the samples of composition ratio in the range
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from 6:4 to 8:2 were evaluated as good. In the test of slimy
feeling after rinse, all the composition ratios in the range from
6:4 to 9:1 were evaluated as good, in particular the ratio 7:3
showed the best evaluation in Table 4. As a result of the tests,
the samples of the ratios in the range from 6:4 to 8:2 were good
in combined evaluations, which showed they had good use feeling.
Putting all the aforementioned results together, in body
soaps containing fatty acid soaps and sodium polyoxyethylene
lauryl ether sulfate, those whose range of the ratio of fatty
acid soap to sodium polyoxyethylene lauryl ether sulfate being
8:2 to 3:7 have excellent use feeling such as "foamability at
use" and "slimy feeling after rinse" , and those whose range of
the ratio of fatty acid soap to sodium polyoxyethylene lauryl
ether sulfate being 8:2 to 6:4 had excellent use feeling, in
particular in the evaluation in slimy feeling the sample of the
composition ratio 7 : 3 showed the best result of all the samples .
EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION
A body soap in the present invention containing 1 to 30%
fatty acid soap and 1 to 30 % polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate
by weight whose weight ratio of the fatty acid soap to the
polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate being in the range of 8:2 to
3:7 has an excellent use feeling such as foamability at use and
slimy feeling after rinse.
a
14
