Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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iwvuuulr~ a i a ~ cir~ curt rrr ~ c~r~riw.vna >f rcw. ~ mrr yr rsuruvrnua
IN SOLID WOOD
D E S C R I P T I O N
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The invention concerns a m4dular system for the integral construction
of buildings in solid wood, designed to permit the erection of one or more
floors on a basis of modules which are repeated in frameworks, outside walls
onra in~ln~r rorhitinnc, ctortinQ from ~ nnnvnniinnol fnni-in~ nr fnrrnwtinn
adapted to be able to receive the pertinent modules vertically.
The object of the invention is to provide a modular system of building
in which each module is formed by means of a number of wooden boards
assembled alongside each other and joined together by fitting their outside
edges into having a C-shaped sections, permitting said edges to be joined to
~G nfhorc cirr~il'r. in any f~/r~n of in+crccrFinn h,of~uocn mnrlmloc. ho this
~~j~nonf,
perpendicular or at a corner.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Different modular systems are known for building construction
20 employing solid wood, based on boards suitably assembled and/or joined to
each other to constitute, in some cases, walls and/or partitions, and in other
cases, frames.
However, in all cases the modules are the result of boards Laid in a
horizontal position, whereby the resistance to vertical loading is very
limited,
25 implying a series of problems which it is attempted to overcome by means of
supplementary elements and/or components, to which must be added the
need to make use of a large number of piece parts and accessories (screws,
plates, brackets, etc.), to permit the construction or erection of the
building,
which not only implies a penalty in assembly time with the consequent
30 lengtnemng of the period required to complete the work, but also s~gW ties
a
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notable increase in cost, not forgetting that due to the great number of
components and parts that have to be fixed to each other, the guarantees of
maximum safety and quality in the finish are not total.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The system proposed herein was conceived to overcome all the
problomo outlinod ohovu and to oohiovo now and aiJ.~cirrlucwuuu ruarililiuu im
comparison with known systems.
More specifically. the system of the invention is based on the wooden
boards being mounted vertically, wh~reby one achieves high resistive
strength to both horizontal and vertical loads.
The modules that are produced shall have a height equal to that
between the floor and ceiling frames, and in which the wooden boarcls from
which U~~ moaJulGS a m i raclvco ai c Im i i iwl, ai c aaaci i iLrloJ lu Gaul
i ull rm Lrr
tongue and groove matching ar another similar procedure, along the
longitudinal edges while the transversal edges are all joined together, in
each module, to a C-shaped section which clamp over said edges. The
seckions in question are metallic and have hples to permit screwing to the
boards, with the particularity that the latter are provided with holes
perpcrrdic;ular to the longitudinal edges, which line up opposite each other
to
constitute a seating channel for respective rods with their projecting ends
threaded to receive corresponding washers and lock nuts.
The length of each module shall be defined according to the
parameters of each project. it being possible to use different fihicknesses
depending on the function they have in the building, in line with the project
criteria for implementing fraraeworka, roofing, ou'.aide walls end indoor
partitions.
Wth regard to the characteristics of the boards, the latter have the
particularity that, in correspondence with the transversal edges or ends, they
have a segment of less thickness which is precisely that which lodges in the
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channel defined by the C-shaped metallic sections, with the particularity that
in thnae tranavoraal arl~a~ thn hnarri>; haves an intcrmwriiato, r~_hannal
practised in them into which fits a projection resulting from an intermediate
recess present on the central leg of the respective C-shaped metallic
section, it having also been planned that the end segment of less thickness
of these transversal edges of the boards is in each case delimited by
respective side grooves in which are housed respective parts obtained by
folding over the outside longitudinal edoes of the side lens corresoondino to
the C-shaped metallic sections, the boards being thus pertectly attached by
sliding over the metallic sections, with the added assistance of the pertinent
screws in the side.
The side legs of the G-shaped metallic sections are equal in size to
that of the less thick end segments of the boards. In addition, each of these
metallic sections has, starting from the side legs and as an extension of the
1.'m.c.r~Uwrl h.g, Iwni', itusJimnl cvNlonor tloiic'o~ .n whloh rowo of oblong
holoo arc
likewise practised.
Both the central channel provided in the transversal edges of the
boards, and the intermediate recess and corresponding projection inside the
central branch of the C-shaped metallic sections, can be rectangular or
square in cross section.
With respect to joining concurrent vertical modules with floor and
nr.ilinp fr-,mn mnrlmlne~, fhi~. in rinnn by wnlriinp nr nthear mo:ana of
~rtre~w
fastening the actual metallic sections themselves, through the holes for this
purpose in the coplanar longitudinal flanges pertaining to said sections,
while
the join between the concurrent vertical modules themselves is achieved by
screwing nuts and washers to the rods which traverse the boards and which
are terminated in projecting threaded segments, though it is preferred that an
ouacilior~r L ol-.aipod eeetier. be err~lele.~.nd her lheee unieno in ihs oaoo
of ors
upright angular junction.
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The coplanar modules employed as framework shall be fastened to
each other by means of bead or tack welding of the longitudinal flanges of
the adjacent sections, and by welding or by other bolted means too the
foundation, the fastening of the floor frames being by means of welding or
S nth~r mans for the rartitinn cpe-+innc
In accordance with all the foregoing, the arrangement of the modules
on the site permits access to the rods which run through the opposing holes
in the boards, said rods being termed "stiffeners", since they perform the
tightening and adjustment between the boards in question in each module.
said accessibility to the stiffener rods making it possible to control the
stress
in hnarric anri mnriW pc tenth rinrina PrPCtion and afterwards- to oerform
adequate maintenance.
Among the most important advantages which can be mentioned and
which stem from the modular construction system referred to, are the
~ 5 following v
- The configuration of the boards that constitute the modules or facings, is
vertical with respect to the plane of the framework, meaning that each of
the boards works as a pillar, endowing the partitioning with a high
comproeEive etrength under load.
- The modules formed on a basis of the system of the invention, are
suitable for use as load-bearing elements in floor and ceiling frames.
- The particular geometry of the metallic sections employed in forming
said modules permits a solid junction between frame constructional
elements and wall constructional elements-
- The configuration of the modules, as has already been mentioned.
psrmitb evocsa$ to the board ati#cning rods, permitlina the atrcoa to be
controlled in the modules both during erection of the building and after
assembly has been completed.
- A notable reduction in production costs, through standardising of
elements and parts for a single floor-to-ceiling height.
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- An optimum static and dynamic strength under load and with respect
to natural forces.
A prPat number of finishing pieces and elements are eliminated in
partitioning junctions.
- Possibility of using different thicknesses in outside walls, partitioning
and frames, in order to adapt to project needs and requirements, for
reasons of mechanical strength, thermal insulation, etc.
- Reduced assembly times for building, being considerably shortened
while maintaining optimum building quality.
-
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
To complelC Li~c ~ic~wipliuo being made and with the objective of
assisting in a better understanding of the features of the invention, in
accordance with a preferred embodiment of the same, a set of drawings is
~5 attached as an integral part of said description, in which drawings, by way
of
illustration and in no way limiting, the following is shown:
Figure 1.- Shows a top view and a side view of the C-shaped metallic
section employed for joining boards to form modules.
Figure Z.- Shows a vertlca~ sectional view In perspective of the
junctions between two floor frame modules and two intervening partitions.
one for the ground floor and the other for the first floor.
Figure 2.- Shows a top view of a vertical junction between two corner
partitions and the corresponding means for stiffening.
Figure 4.- Shows a view in perspective of a vertical section of the
'7C j. ma.iL~..c ~~rrp,C/~/~nrl:np f~ ~ (rwr.nr m iteirlo weall frame mntd iln
aCCPMhIV :af1(1
fastening of an upper outside wall, in which can also be seen the projecting
ends of the board stiffening rods.
Figure 5.- Shows a sectional view in perspective of a ground floor in
which can be appreciated the foundation footing and the manner of
proceeding to commence erecting the frame modules, as well as distribution
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partitions, it being possible to observe one possible manner of collocating
the
f~amca um ll~c fuuiiJalivri fuulim~, from tha numerous approaches that can be
adopted.
Figure 6.- Shows a view in perspective of a horizontal section of a
corner of ~ building in which can be appreciated the horizontal fastening to a
frame module, the ends of the rods prepared tv receive an auxiliary L-
shaped section, for vertical positioning by means of washers and nuts, and
the arlrlrPCCinfl of an inr~~nr partitioning module against the side. as well
as
the arrangement for vertical fastening using washers and nuts.
Figure 7.- Shows a view in perspective of a vertical section of upright
distribution modules, In which can be observed the addressing of two corner
modules, the corner-anchoring bracket and an inside module, as well as the
positioning of the upper and lower horizontal sections which delimit the
height between the floor and ceiling framework, also being visible the
'I 5 ai t emc~ec mW of I m i6ur deal I IVICa fur housing the stiffening rods.
Figure 8.- Shows a partial vertical sectional view of a building with two
floors and loft, in which can be seen the distribution of the partitioning on
the
frame modules for ground floor, first floor, as well as the loft and roof
frames.
Figure 9.- Shows a partial vertical sectional view, in this case an
elevation, of a building in which can be seen the assembly of the outside wall
unito on tho floor and roof frbmoc.
Figure 10.- Shows, finally, a drawing corresponding to a partial vertical
side section, which defines the junction of a floor framework module with a
thickness greater than that of the lower dividing partition, and the latter,
in
turn, having a greater thickness than the upper dividing element, a
representation which corresponds to an example having of a non-limiting
natrrrF! with rPoar-ri t~ the n~~sihilities for resolving situations with
different
module thicknesses_
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PREFERENTIAL EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
In the light of the reference figures, it can be seen how the system of
the invention has the particular feature whereby both the walls (1), and
frames (2) and partitions (3) are modular, each module being formed by a
or em:3 .".-oe.,1 ~-...-...r.. (~) ~.~~..ear ,.o.f;..olly G., mollc I,~) onri
nartitinnc
(3) and horizontally in frames (2).
In all cases the boards (4) are joined together at the sides, i.e_
longitudinally, by means of a groove and tongue arrangement (5) provided
1 o for the purpose in the side or longitudinal edges of the boards, holes (6)
also
being practised which line up with each other to permit the stiffening rods
(7)
to pass through, said rods having their ends threaded fnr tightening, by
means cf fI~JIO WV ~%~ma~vnUmg washer' (8), In order to aohic:YU v Ero~fvc~
fit and/or strength between the boards (4) of each module.
~ 5 At the ends or transversal edges, the boards (4) are finished with a
segment (4') of less thickness, delimited by a pair of lateral grooves (9),
i_e.
in their larger faces, while in the centre of the edge there is a longitudinal
channel (10) of greater size than the lateral ones mentioned. Both the
8roovoo (O) and tho ohonnol ('1 O) chill rroferan+iolly ho of a reanfanp~ Ilar
nr
20 Quadrangular shape, without discarding others which are suitable.
The referenced boards (4) of each module, the latter consisting of a
plurality of boards. are duly assembled by seating or clamping their
transversal edges into respective metauic sections (~1), the latter being
shaped in the form of a "C", in which the intermediate leg is equal in size to
36 the loco thick scgmvnt (d') at fhP ~tipe c7f the boards (4). said
intermediate
leg having practised longitudinally in it an intermediate rectangular recess
(12) which determines the respective projection towards the inside of the
section itself, said projection facing and having the same size as the channel
(10) in the transversal edge of the boards (4).
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The side legs (11') of the metallic sections (13) come with a line of
oblong holes (13), the length of the former being equal to that of the less
thick segments (4') of the boards (4), each being fnished in folds (14) at
right
angles towards the inside, having the same depth as the grooves (9) which
delimit said less thick segments (4'), and into which they are inserted.
The central leg of these metallic seMions (11 ) is extended in coplanar
segments (14') which project perpendicular to the sides (11'), said segments
alcn hawino nhlnnn hC'1IPS f~ 31 to permit the insertion of set-screws (22).
In fihis manner each module is determined by the respective collection
of boards (4) joined together by means of the sections (11), said modules
being self-supporting and of equal height to the separation existing between
floor and ceiling, i.e. between each consecutive frame (2), all in such a
fashion that said modules can be factory-built, transported and mounted on
site by means of grabs that adapt to the profile of the upper edge of the
moduld, Without discarding Its positioning being achieved by any other
system or means.
Clearly the modules can be produced with internal openings to form
windows and/or doorways, upwards from the lower metallic section.
When assembling the modules when constructing the floor frames,
they shall be laid horizontally so that they rest on a footing (15), as can be
seen in figure 5, continuous over its full length, in which can be seen
auxiliary sections (15') for fastening purposes, It being possit,le to erfect
the
assembly in the respective intermediate recesses (12) of the sections (11)
pertaining to the ground floor walls (1) and partitions (3), being joined to
each
other by means of a welding bead (16) or other means of fastening.
For assembling the modules corresponding to the partitions (3), the
horiaontal sections (11) arse fastened to the guide facilitated by the
sections
of the frame modules (2), t~eiry fixc~ ~i~iiJly to thcaa by welding or otncr
means, and to each other by means of the horizontal stiffening rods (7),
employing nuts and washers, with the interposition of auxiliary sections.
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In forming the modules, the sections (11) are fitted by sliding them
over the edges of the boards (4), the projection produced by the intermediate
recess (12) of the central leg of the respective section (11 ) being housed in
ll is vcnlit:crl ulnaW nel ( 1 U) tit the cac~J. es of the Doarda (4), vrhilC
the CncJ
segments (14) of the side legs (11') of said sections (11) are housed in the
side grooves (9) of the boards (A) themselves.
In forming the frames, the consecutive and coplanar modules lie
adjacent to the joining sections (11). the flanges or side legs (11') of these
being back to back, as can be seen in figure 2, and with the holes (13) of
1 O both lyinra oppo9ite eQCh olhc~r in order tn nr~rmit thr~ fiminp rlr-
.m~ntc, ci ir:h a~
screws (22), to pass through. In addition, each pair of adjacent sections (11)
determines a horizontal space (17) delimited by the opposing recesses (12)
of the two sections (11 ), said space serving for the possible insertion of a
web (18) having a section approximately equal to that of the former,
functioning as a guide and stiffening element-
It mmst also hy,c,inf~d nmt that thr~ rnnlanar, a~t~jan~nt send Innpitntlinal
legs (11') of the sections (11) corresponding to the frames (2) serve to guide
the modules forming the partitions (3), being housed in the space of the
outside channel of the central horiaontal leg of the actual partition-forming
modules.
With regard to the upright junctions at the corners, in these an
auxiliary L-shaped section (19) is employed, on the side faces of which rest
tl,o p~rtitione (3) that moot in tho corner. said section (19) boinr> r,rr.vir-
~~d
with holes (20) to permit passage for the horizontal stiffening rods (7) of
the
corner modules themselves, being finally fiixed in position by means of the
corresponding washers and nuts (8).
Figure 3 clearly shows said junction, complete with a finishing angle
iron (21 ) which constitutes the actual corner piece-
It is not considered necessary to extend this description further for any
'JO oaaport in Eho moltor to oomprohonc~ fho ooopo of fho invontion pnd !he
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advantages stemming therefrom_
The materials, shape. size and arrangement of the elements shall be
capable of modification, insofar as this does not alter the essential nature
of
the invention.
The terms in which this description has been written must be taken
always in the broadest sense and not as a limitation.
