Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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1
HAIR CARE COMPOSITIONS
10
The present invention relates to hair care compositions. In particular, it
relates to
hair care compositions which give good conditioning/shine to the hair with
reduced feelings of tackiness and greasiness.
Background to the Invention
Hair is often subjected to a wide variety of insults that can cause damage.
These
include shampooing, rinsing, drying, heating, combing, styling, perming,
colouring, exposure to the elements etc. Thus the hair is often in a dry,
rough,
lusterless or frizzy condition due to abrasion of the hair surface and removal
of
the hair's natural oils and other natural conditioning and moisturizing
components.
A variety of approaches have been developed to alleviate these conditions.
These include the use of ultra mild shampoo compositions, the use of hair
conditioning shampoos which attempt to both cleanse and condition the hair
from
a single product and the use of hair conditioning formulations such as rinse-
off
and leave-on products.
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2
Leave-on hair care formulations provide added advantages over the other
approaches. For example, leave-on formulations are more cost effective and
work for a longer duration because the conditioning ingredients remain on the
hair. They are more convenient because the consumer can use the product at
any time and does not have to wait to rinse the product. Also, the product may
be applied to the parts of the hair most in need of the conditioning benefits.
Cationic polysaccharides are welt known in the art for providing conditioning
benefits. See, for example, WO-A-97/35542, WO-A-97/35545, WO-A-97/35546,
all of which describe the use of cationic polysaccharides in conditioning
shampoo
compositions. GB-A-2,211,192 describes the use of cationic polysaccharides in
a rinse-off conditioning composition. DE-A-4,326,866 describes a composition
for use prior to cutting of the hair that comprises a cationic polysaccharide.
JP-
54 138 133 describes hair product compositions containing polypeptides and
cationic celluloses. However, these cationic polysaccharides are also known to
cause stickiness or tackiness. This can lead to the consumer feeling the hair
is
dirty or greasy, especially with leave-on conditioning compositions where
there is
no rinsing step.
It has now been surprisingly found that cationic saccharide polymers and
copolymers having a cationic charge density of greater than 1.5meq/g provide
improved shine/conditioning benefits to the hair with reduced tackiness and
greasiness.
While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the high cationic
charge density makes the polymer more substantive to the hair providing good
conditioning benefits. The cationic groups interact with the negative charge
on
the hair. Binding sites occur more frequently due to the increased frequency
of
said cationic groups along the polymer. The more frequent interactions
may'pull'
the polymer backbone into closer association with the hair fibre thus reducing
the
depth of the hydrocarbon layer and reducing its tendency to interact with
other
surfaces such as skin on the fingers. Hence, there is a reduced feeling of
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tackiness and, due to the close association of polymer and hair, an enhanced
shine.
Summar)r of the Invention
According to the present invention there is provided a hair care composition
comprising:
(a) cationic saccharide polymer or copolymer wherein the cationic
polymer has a charge density of greater than about 1.5meq/g,
preferably greater than about 1.6 meq/g, more preferably
greater than about 1.7meq/g, even more preferably greater than
~ about 1.8meq/g; and
(b) less than about 5%, preferably less than about 2%, more
preferably less than about 1 %, even more preferably 0%, by
weight, of anionic surfactant.
The compositions of the present invention have reduced tackiness and
greasiness while delivering good conditioning/shine benefits.
All concentrations and ratios herein are by weight of the hair care
composition,
unless otherwise specified.
All averages are weight averages unless otherwise specified.
Detailed Description of the invention
The hair care compositions of the present invention comprise two main
elements,
cationic polymers or copolymers of saccharides and less than 5% anionic
surfactant. These elements will be described in more detail below.
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As used herein the terms "tacky" and "tackiness" means the adhesive feeling of
the hair after the application of some hair care compositions.
As used herein the term "leave-on" means a hair care composition that is
intended to be used without a rinsing step. Therefore, leave-on compositions
will
generally be left on the hair until the consumer next washes their hair as
part of
their cleansing regimen. Leave-on will generally comprise less than about 5%
of
anionic surfactant and will generally comprise less than 5% of non-ionic
surfactant.
Cationic Poiymers or Copolymers of Saccharides
An essential feature of the compositions of the present invention is that they
comprise a cationic polymer or copolymer of saccharide. The cationic
saccharides of the present compositions have a cationic charge density of
greater than about 1.5meq/g, preferably greater than about 1.6 meq/g, more
preferably greater than about 1.7meq/g, even more preferably greater than
about
1.8meq/g. Generally the cationic polymers will have a cationic charge density
of
less than about 5meq/g, preferably less than about 3.5meq/g, more preferably
less than about 2.5meqlg, even more preferably less than about 2.2meq/g.
The "cationic charge density" of a polymer refers to the ratio of the number
of
positive charges on a monomeric unit of which the polymer is comprised to the
molecular weight of said monomeric unit, i.e.:
number of positive charges
Cationic Charge Density =
monomeric unit molecular weight
The cationic charge density of the cationic polymers herein can be determined
using the Kjeldahl Method (United States Pharmacopoeia - Chemical tests -
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<461> Nitrogen Determination - method II). Those skilled in the art will
recognise
that the charge density of some of the polymers herein may vary depending upon
pH and the isoelectric point of the cationic charge groups. The charge density
should be within the above limits at the pH of intended use.
5
The cationic saccharides of the present invention generally comprise from
about
1 % to about 10%, preferably from about 2% to about 5%, more preferably from
about 2.3% to about 3%, even more preferably from about 2.5% to about 2.9%,
by weight, of cationic nitrogen.
The concentration of the cationic saccharide should be sufficient to provide
the
desired conditioning benefits. Such concentrations generally range from about
0.001 % to about 20%, preferably from about 0.005% to about 10%, more
preferably from about 0.01 % to about 2%, even more preferably from about
0.05% to about 1 %, by weight, of the total composition.
The cationic saccharides for use herein will generally have an average
molecular
weight of from about 5000 to about 10 million, preferably from about 100,000
to
about 5 million, more preferably from about 500,000 to about 2 million, even
more preferably from about 1 million to about 1.5 million.
Suitable cationic saccharides for use in the present invention include
cationic
polysaccharides and cationic copolymers of saccharides, preferred are cationic
polysaccharides.
The cationic polymers for use herein are cationic polymers and copolymers of
saccharides. The cationic polysaccharides useful in the present invention
include
those polymers based on 5 or 6 carbon sugars and derivatives which have been
made water-soluble by, for example, derivatising them with ethylene oxide.
These polymers may be bonded via any of several arrangements, such as 1,4-a,
1,4-~, 1,3-a, 1,3-~i and 1,6 linkages. The monomers may be in straight chain
or
branched chain geometric arrangements.
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Suitable non-limiting examples of cationic polysaccharides include those based
on the following: celluloses and hydroxyalkylcelluloses; starches and
hydroxyalkylstarches; polymers based on arabinose monomers; polymers
derived from xylose monomers; polymers derived from fucose monomers;
polymers derived from fructose monomers; polymers based on acid-containing
sugar monomers such as galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid; polymers based
on amine sugar monomers such as galactosamine and glucosamine, particularly
acetylglucosamine; polymers based on 5 or 6 membered ring polyalcohol
monomers; polymers based on galactose monomers; polymers based on
mannose monomers and polymers based on galactomannan monomers.
Preferred for .-roviding shine and conditioning benefits to the hair with
reduced
tack and greasiness are cationic polymers based on cellulose,
hyroxyalkylcellulose, acetylglucosamine and derivatives. More preferred are
cationic polymers based on hydroxyalkylcelluloses, especially
hydroxyethylcellulose. Non-limiting examples of suitable cationic polymers are
those available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, NJ, USA) as salts of hydroxyethyl
cellulose reacted with trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide, referred to in
the
industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 10. Background material on these polymers
and their manufacture, can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 3,472,840 (issued Oct. 14
1969 to Stone), herein incorporated by reference. Other types of cationic
cellulose include the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl
cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxide, referred
to
in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 24, available from Amerchol Corp.
(Edison, NJ, USA) and polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl
cellulose reacted with diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, referred to in the
industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 4, available from National Starch
(Salisbury,
NC, USA).
The cationic copolymers of saccharides useful in the present invention
encompass those containing the following saccharide monomers and their
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derivatives: glucose, galactose, mannose, arabinose, xylose, fucose, fructose,
glucosamine, gaiactosamine, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, and 5 or 6
membered ring polyalcohols. Also included are hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl and
hydroxypropyl derivatives of the above sugars. When saccharides are bonded to
each other in the copolymers, they may be bonded via any of several
arrangements, such as 1,4-a, 1,4-(3, 1,3-a, 1,3-[3 and 1,6 linkages. Any other
monomers can be used as long as the resultant polymer is suitable for use in
hair
care. Non-limiting examples of other monomers useful herein include
dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, dimethylaminoethylmethyl acrylate,
diethyldiallylammonium chloride, N,N-diallyl,N-N-dialkyl ammonium halides, and
the like.
Anionic Surfactant
A second essential feature of the compositions of the present invention is
that
they comprise less than about 5%, preferably less than about 4%, more
preferably. less than about 2%, even more preferably less than about 1 %, even
more preferably still 0%, by weight, of an anionic surfactant. As used herein,
"anionic surfactant" means anionic surfactants and zwitterionic or amphoteric
surfactants which have an attached group that is anionic at the pH of the
composition, or a combination thereof.
Examples of anionic surfactants are alkyl sulphates and alkyl ether sulphates.
These materials have the respective formulae ROS03M and RO(C2H40)XS03M,
wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl group of from about 8 to about 18 carbon
atoms,
x is an integer having a value of from 1 to 10 and M is a cation such as
ammonium, alkanolamines such as triethanolamine, monovalent metals such as
sodium and potassium and polyvalent metal cations such as magnesium and
calcium.
Other examples of anionic surfactants are the water-soluble salts of organic,
sulphuric acid reactions products conforming to the formula [R'-S03 M] where
R'
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is a straight or a branched chain, saturated, aliphatic hydrocarbon radical
having
from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms and M is a cation as described
hereinabove.
S Still other examples of anionic surfactants are the reaction products of
fatty acids
esterified with isoethionic acid and neutralised with sodium hydroxide where,
for
example, the fatty acids are derived from coconut oil or palm kernel oil,
sodium or
potassium salts of fatty acid amides of methyl tauride in which the fatty
acids, for
example, are derived from coconut oil or palm kernel oil
Further examples of anionic surfactants are the succinates, examples of which
include disodium N-octadecylsulphosuccinate, disodium lauryl sufphosuccinate,
diammonium lauryl sulphosuccinate, diamyl ester of sodium sulphosuccinic acid,
dihexyl ester of sodium sulphosuccinic acid and dioctyl ester of sodium
sulphosuccinic acid.
Still further examples of anionic surfactants includes olefin sulphonates
having
from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms. In this context, the term "olefin
sulphonate" refers to compounds which can be produced by the sulphonation of
a-olefins by means of uncomplexed sulphur trioxide, followed by neutralisation
of
the acid reaction mixture in conditions such that any sulphones which have
formed in the reaction are hydrolysed to give the corresponding hydroxy-
alkanesulphonates.
Another class of anionic surfactants are the ~-alkyloxy sulphonates. These
surfactants conform to the formula
ORz H
R' S03M
H H
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9
where R1 is a straight chain alkyl group having from about 6 to about 20
carbon
atoms, R2 is a tower alkyl group having from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms
and M is a water-soluble cation as described hereinabove.
Optional Ingredients
The hair care compositions of the present invention can further comprise a
number of optional ingredients. Some non-limiting examples of these optional
ingredients are given below.
Silicone conditioning a4ent
The compositions of the present invention may optionally include a silicone
conditioning component. The silicone conditioning component may comprise
volatile silicone, nonvolatile silicone, or mixtures thereof. As used herein,
"nonvolatile" refers to silicone material with little or no significant vapour
pressure
under ambient conditions, as is understood by those in the art. Boiling point
under one atmosphere (atm) will preferably be at least about 250°C,
more
preferably at least about 275°C, most preferably at least about
300°C. Vapour
pressure is preferably about 0.2mm Hg at 25°C or less, preferably about
0.1 mm
Hg at 25°C or less.
The silicone conditioning component for use herein can be a silicone fluid; a
silicone gums, silicone resins and mixtures thereof. References disclosing non-
limiting examples of some suitable silicone hair conditioning agents, and
optional
suspending agents for the silicone, are described in WO-A-94108557 (Brock et
al.), U.S. Patent 5,756,436 (Royce et al.), U.S. Patent 5,104,646 (Bolich Jr.
et
al.), U.S. Patent 5,106,609 (Bolich Jr. et al.) and U.S. Reissue 34,584 (Grote
et
al.) British Patent 849,433.
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Silicone resins are highly cross-linked siloxane systems where the
crosslinking is
introduced through the incorporation of trifunctional and tetrafunctional
siianes
with monofunctional or difunctional, or both, silanes during manufacture of
the
silicone resin. As is well understood in the art, the degree of crosslinking
that is
5 required in order to result in a silicone resin will vary according to the
specific
siiane units incorporated into the silicone resin. In general, silicone
materials
which have a sufficient level of trifunctional and tetrafunctional siloxane
monomer
units (and hence, a sufficient level of crosslinking) such that they dry down
to a
rigid, or hard, film are considered to be silicone resins. The ratio of oxygen
10 atoms to silicon atoms is indicative of the level of crosslinking in a
particular
silicone material. Silicone materials which have at least about 1.1 oxygen
atoms
per silicon atom will generally be silicone resins herein. Preferably, the
ratio of
oxygenailicon atoms is at least about 1.2:1Ø Silanes used in the manufacture
of silicone resins include monomethyl, dimethyl, rimethyl, monophenyl,
Biphenyl,
IS methylphenyl, ethylphenyl, propylphenyl, monovinyl, and
methylvinylchlorosilanes, and tetrachlorosilane.
If present, the silicone resin will generally comprise from about 0.001 % to
about
10%, preferably from about 0.005% to about 5%, more preferably from about
0.01 % to about 2%, even more preferably from about 0.1 % to about 1 %, by
weight, of the total composition.
Any polysiloxane resin suitable for use in hair care compositions may be used
herein including those possessing hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy,
alkaryl,
arylalkyl arylalkoxy, alkaryloxy and alkamino substituents. However, preferred
polysiioxane resins have at least one substituent group possessing deiocalised
electrons. This substituent can be selected from alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkaryi,
arylalkyl arylalkoxy, alkaryfoxy, and combinations thereof. Preferred are
aryl,
arylalkyl and alkaryl substituents. More preferred are alkaryl and arylalkyl
substituents. Evan more preferred are alkaryl substituents, particularly 2-
phenyl
propyl. Whereas it is preferred that at least one substituent have delocalised
electrons, the resins herein will also generally have other substituents
without
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delocalised electrons. Such other substituents can include hydrogen, hydroxyl,
alkyl, alkoxy, amino functionalities and mixtures thereof. Preferred are alkyl
substituents, especially methyl substituents.
As used herein the term "aryl" means a functionality containing one or more
homocyclic or heterocyclic rings. The aryl functionalities herein can be
unsubstituted or substituted and generally contain from 3 to 16 carbon atoms.
Preferred aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, naphthyl,
cyclopentadienyl, anthracyl, pyrene, pyridine, pyrimidine
As used herein the term "alkyl" means a saturated or unsaturated, substituted
or
unsubstituted, straight or branched-chain, hydrocarbon having from 1 to 10
carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The term "alkyl" therefore
includes alkenyls having from 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 4, carbons and alkynyls
having from 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 4, carbons. Preferred alkyl groups
include, but
are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, and butyl. More
preferred are
methyl, ethyl and propyl.
As used herein the term "alkaryl" means a substituent comprising an alkyl
moiety
and an aryl moiety wherein the alkyl moiety is bonded to the siloxane resin.
As used herein the term "arylalkyl" means a substituent comprising an aryl
moiety and an alkyl moiety wherein the aryl moiety is bonded to the siloxane
resin.
Silicone materials and silicone resins in particular, can conveniently be
identified
according to a shorthand nomenclature system well known to those skilled in
the
art as "MDTQ" nomenclature. Under this system, the silicone is described
according to presence of various siloxane monomer units which make up the
silicone. Briefly, the symbol M denotes the monofunctional unit (CHg)gSi00,5;
D
denotes the difunctional unit (CH3)2Si0; T denotes the trifunctional unit
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12
(CH3)Si01.5; and Q denotes the quadri- or tetra-functional unit Si02. Primes
of
the unit symbols, e.g., M', D', T', and Q' denote siioxane units with one or
more
substituents other than methyl, and must be specifically defined for each
occurrence. Therefore, the preferred polysiloxane resins for use herein have
at
least one M', D', T' or Q' functionality that possesses a substituent group
with
delocalised electrons. Preferred substituents are as defined hereinabove. The
molar ratios of the various units, either in terms of subscripts to the
symbols
indicating the total number of each type of unit in the silicone {or an
average
thereof) or as specifically indicated ratios in combination with molecular
weight
IO complete the description of the silicone material under the MDTQ system.
Preferred polysiloxane resins for use herein are MQ and M'Q resins, more
preferred are M'Q resins especially M'aQ3, M'eQ,. M',oQs, M',ZQe resins and
mixture thereof. Preferred M'Q resins are those which have at least one group
IS containing delocalised electrons substituted on each M' functionality. More
preferred are resins where the other substituent groups are alkyl, especially
methyl.
The polysiloxane resins for use herein will preferably have a viscosity of
less than
20 about 5000 mm2s'', more preferably less than about 2000 mm2s'', even more
preferably less than about 1000 mm2s'', even more still preferably less than
about 600 mmzs'', at 25°C. The viscosity can be measured by means of a
Cannon-Fenske Routine Viscometer (ASTM D-445).
25 Background material on poiysiloxane resins suitable for use herein,
including
details of their manufacture, can be found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,539,137;
5,672,338; 5,686,547 and 5,684,112.
30 Silicone fluids for use in the present compositions include silicone oils
which are
flowable silicone materials with a viscosity of less than 1,000,000 mmZs'',
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preferably between about 5 and 1,000,000 mm2s-', more preferably between
about 10 and about 600,000 mm2s~', more preferably between about 10 and
about 500,000 mm2s~', most preferably between 10 and 350,000 mm2s-' at
25°C.
The viscosity can be measured by means of a glass capillary viscometer as set
forth in Dow Corning Corporate Test Method CTM0004, July 20, 1970. Suitable
silicone oils include polyalkyl siloxanes, polyaryl siloxanes, polyarylalkyl
siloxanes, polyalkaryl siloxanes, polyether siloxane copolymers, and mixtures
thereof. Other insoluble, nonvolatile silicone fluids having conditioning
properties
can also be used.
Silicone oils for use in the composition include polyalkyl or polyaryl
siloxanes
which conform to following formula:
R R R
R-Si -O Si-O Si-R
R
x
where R is aliphatic, preferably alkyl or alkenyl, or aryl, R can be
substituted or
unsubstituted, and x is an integer from 1 to about 8,000. Suitable
unsubstituted
R groups include alkoxy, aryloxy, alkaryl, arylalkyl, alkamino, and ether-
substituted, hydroxyl-substituted, and halogen-substituted aliphatic and aryl
groups. Suitable R groups also include cationic amines and quaternary
ammonium groups.
The aliphatic or aryl groups substituted on the siloxane chain may have any
structure as long as the resulting silicones remain fluid at room temperature,
are
hydrophobic, are neither irritating, toxic nor otherwise harmful when applied
to
the hair, are compatible with the other components of the herein described
hair
care compositions, are chemically stable under normal use and storage
conditions, are insoluble in the compositions of the present invention and are
capable of conditioning the hair.
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The two R groups on the silicon atom of each monomeric silicone unit may
represent the same group or different groups. Preferably, the two R groups
represent the same group.
Preferred alkyl and alkenyl substituents are C~-C5 alkyls and alkenyls, more
preferably from C~-C4, most preferably from C~-C2. The aliphatic portions of
other alkyl-, alkenyl-, or alkynyl-containing groups (such as alkoxy, alkaryl,
and
alkamino) can be straight or branched chains and preferably have from one to
five carbon atoms, more preferably from one to four carbon atoms, even more
preferably from one to three carbon atoms, most preferably from one to two
carbon atoms. As discussed above, the R substituents hereof can also contain
amino functionalities, e.g. alkamino groups, which can be primary, secondary
or
tertiary amines or quaternary ammonium. These include mono-, di- and tri-
alkylamino and alkoxyamino groups wherein the aliphatic portion chain length
is
preferably as described above. The R substituents can also be substituted with
other groups, such as halogens (e.g. chloride, fluoride, and bromide),
halogenated aliphatic or aryl groups, and hydroxy (e.g. hydroxy substituted
aliphatic groups). Suitable halogenated R groups could include, for example,
tri-
halogenated (preferably fluoro) alkyl groups such as -R~-C(F)3, wherein R~ is
C~-C3 alkyl. Examples of such polysiloxanes include polymethyl -3,3,3
trifluoropropyisiloxane.
Suitable R groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl, methylphenyl and
phenylmethyl. The preferred silicones are polydimethyl siloxane,
polydiethylsiloxane, and polymethylphenylsiloxane. Poiydimethylsiloxane is
especially preferred. Other suitable R groups include methyl, methoxy, ethoxy,
propoxy, and aryloxy. The three R groups on the end caps of the silicone may
also represent the same or different groups.
The nonvolatile polyalkylsiloxane fluids that may be used include, for
example,
polydimethylsiloxanes. These siloxanes are available, for example, from the
CA 02337165 2002-11-18
General Electric Company in their Viscasil R and SF 96 series, and from Dow
Coming in their Dow Coming 200 series.
The polyalkylaryl siloxane fluids that may be used, also include, for example,
5 polymethylphenylsiloxanes. These siloxanes are available, for example, from
the
General Electric Company as SF 1075 methyl phenyl fluid or from Dow Corning
as 556 Cosmetic Grade Fluid.
The polyether siloxane copolymers that may be used include, for example, a
10 polypropylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxane (e.g., Dow Corning DC-
1248)
although ethylene oxide or mixtures of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide may
also be used. For insoluble silicones the ethylene oxide and polypropylene
oxide
level must ~be zufficiently low to prevent solubility in water and the
composition
hereof.
Other suitable silicone fluids for use in the silicone conditioning agents are
insoluble silicone gums. These gums are polyorganosiloxane materials having a
viscosity at 25°C of greater than or equal to 1,000,000 centistokes.
Silicone
gums are described in U.S. Patent 4,152,416; Noll and Walter, Chemistry and
Technology of Silicones, New York: Academic Press 1968; and in General
Electric Silicone Rubber Product Data Sheets SE 30, SE 33, SE 54 and SE 76.
The silicone gums will typically
have a mass molecular weight in excess of about 200,000, generally between
about 200,000 and about 1,000,000, specific examples of which include
polydimethylsiloxane, (poiydimethylsiloxane) (methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer,
poly(dimethylsiloxane) (diphenyl siloxane)(methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer and
mixtures thereof.
The silicone conditioning agent can also comprise a mixture of
polydimethylsiloxane gum (viscosity greater than about 1,000,000 centistokes)
and polydimethylsiloxane oil (viscosity from about 10 to about 100,000
CA 02337165 2002-11-18
16
centistokes), wherein the ratio of gum to fluid is from about 30:70 to about
70:30,
preferably from about 40:60 to about 60:40.
The number average particie size of the optional silicone component can vary
widely without limitation and will depend on the formulation andlor the
desired
characteristics. Number average particle sizes preferred for use in the
present
invention will typically range from about 10 nanometres to about 100 microns,
more preferably from about 30 nanometres to about 20 microns.
Background material on silicones including sections discussing silicone
fluids,
gums, and resins, as well as manufacture of silicones, can be found in
Encyclopaedia of Polymer Science and Engineering (Volume 15, Second Edition,
pp. 204-308, John Wiley 8~ Sons, Incorporated, 1989).
A preferred silicone conditioning agent from the viewpoint of improving shine
is a
silicone resin.
Cationic Conditi~nina Aaents
The compositions of the present invention can also comprise one or more
additional cationic polymeric conditioning agents. The cationic polymer
conditioning agents will preferably be water soluble. The total level of
cationic
polymers in the compositions of the present invention is typically from about
0.001 % to about 20%, more typically from about 0.005% to about 10%,
preferably from about 0.01 % to about 2%, by weight.
By "water soluble" cationic polymer, what is meant is a polymer which is
sufficiently soluble in water to form a substantially clear solution to the
naked eye
at a concentration of 0.1 % in water (distilled or equivalent) at 25°C.
Preferably,
the polymer will be sufficiently soluble to form a substantially clear
solution at
° o
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17
As used herein, the term "polymer" shall include materials whether made by
polymerization of one type of monomer or made by two (i.e., copolymers) or
more types of monomers.
The cationic polymers hereof will generally have a weight average molecular
weight which is at least about 5,000, typically at least about 10,000, and is
less
than about 10 million. Preferably, the molecular weight is from about 100,000
to
about 2 million. The cationic polymers will generally have cationic
nitrogen-containing moieties such as quaternary ammonium or cationic amino
moieties, and mixtures thereof.
The cationic charge density will be preferably at least about 0.1 meqlg, more
preferably at least about 0.5 meq/g, even more preferably at least about 1.1
meqlg, most preferably at least about 1.2 meqlg. Generally, for practical
purposes, the cationic polymers will have a cationic charge density of less
than
about 7meq/g, preferably less than about 5meq/g, more preferably less than
about 3.5meq/g, even more preferably less than about 2.5meq/g. Cationic
charge density of the cationic polymer can be determined using the Kjeldahl
Method (United States Pharmacopoeia - Chemical tests - <461 > Nitrogen
Determination - method II). Those skilled in the art will recognise that the
charge
density of amino-containing polymers may vary depending upon pH and the
isoelectric point of the amino groups. The charge density should be within the
above limits at the pH of intended use.
Any anionic counterions can be utilized for the cationic polymers so long as
the
water solubility criteria is met. Suitable counterions include halides (e.q.,
CI. Br.
I, or F, preferably Cl, Br, or I), sulfate, and methylsulfate. Others can also
be
used, as this fist is not exclusive.
The cationic nitrogen-containing moiety will be present generally as a
substituent,
on a fraction of the total monomer units of the cationic hair conditioning
polymers.
CA 02337165 2001-O1-15
WO 00/06102 PCT/US99/06114
18
Thus, the cationic polymer can comprise copolymers, terpolymers, etc. of
quaternary ammonium or cationic amine-substituted monomer units and other
non-cationic units referred to herein as spacer monomer units. Such polymers
are known in the art, and a variety can be found in the CTFA International
Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 7th edition, edited by Wenninger
and McEwen, (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc.,
Washington, D.C., 1997).
Suitable cationic polymers include, for example, copolymers of vinyl monomers
having cationic amine or quaternary ammonium functionalities with water
soluble
spacer monomers such as acrylamide, methacryiamide, alkyl and dialkyl
acrylamides, alkyl and dialkyl methacrylamides, alkyl acrylate, alkyl
methacrylate,
vinyl caprolac one, and vinyl pyrrolidone. The alkyl and dialkyl substituted
monomers preferably have C1-C7 alkyl groups, more preferably C1-Cg alkyl
groups. Other suitable spacer monomers include vinyl esters, vinyl alcohol
(made by hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate), malefic anhydride, propylene
glycol,
and ethylene glycol.
The cationic amines can be primary, secondary, or tertiary amines, depending
upon the particular species and the pH of the composition. In general,
secondary and tertiary amines, especially tertiary amines, are preferred.
Amine-substituted vinyl monomers can be polymerised in the amine form, and
then optionally can be converted to ammonium by a quatemization reaction.
Amines can also be similarly quaternized subsequent to formation of the
polymer. For example, tertiary amine functionalities can be quaternized by
reaction with a salt of the formula R'X wherein R' is a short chain alkyl,
preferably
a C1-C7 alkyl, more preferably a C1-C3 alkyl, and X is an anion which forms a
water soluble salt with the quaternized ammonium.
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WO 00/06102 PCT/US99/06114
19
Suitable cationic amino and quaternary ammonium monomers include, for
example, vinyl compounds substituted with dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate,
dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, monoalkylaminoalkyl acrylate,
monoalkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, trialkyl methacryloxyalkyl ammonium salt,
trialkyl acryloxyalkyl ammonium salt, diallyl quaternary ammonium salts, and
vinyl
quaternary ammonium monomers having cyclic cationic nitrogen-containing rings
such as pyridinium, imidazolium, and quaternized pyrrolidone, e.g., alkyl
vinyl
imidazolium, alkyl vinyl pyridinium, alkyl vinyl pyrrolidone salts. The alkyl
portions
of these monomers are preferably Power alkyls such as the C1-C3 alkyls, more
preferably C1 and C2 alkyls. Suitable amine-substituted vinyl monomers for use
herein include dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate,
dialkylaminoalkyl acrylamide, and dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylamide, wherein
the
alkyl groups are preferably C1-C7 hydrocarbyls, more preferably C1-C3, alkyls.
The cationic polymers hereof can comprise mixtures of monomer units derived
from amine- and/or quaternary ammonium-substituted monomer and/or
compatible spacer monomers.
Suitable cationic hair conditioning polymers include, for example: copolymers
of
1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium salt (e.g., chloride
salt)
(referred to in the industry by the Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance
Association,
"CTFA", as Polyquatemium-16), such as those commercially available from
BASF Wyandotte Corp. (Parsippany, NJ, USA) under the LUVIQUAT tradename
(e.g., LUVIQUAT FC 370); copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and
dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (referred to in the industry by CTFA as
Polyquatemium-11 ) such as those commercially available from Gaf Corporation
(Wayne, NJ, USA) under the GAFQUAT tradename (e.g., GAFQUAT 755N);
cationic diallyl quaternary ammonium-containing polymers, including, for
example, dimethyldiallylammonium chloride homopolymer and copolymers of
acrylamide and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, referred to in the industry
(CTFA) as Polyquaternium 6 and Polyquaternium 7, respectively; and mineral
CA 02337165 2002-11-18
acid salts of amino-alkyl esters of homo- and co-polymers of unsaturated
carboxylic acids having from 3 to 5 carbon atoms, as described in U.S. Patent
4,009,256.
5 As discussed above, the cationic polymer hereof is water soluble. This does
not
mean, however, that it must be soluble in the composition. Preferably however,
the cationic polymer is either soluble in the composition, or in a complex
coacervate phase in the composition formed by the cationic polymer and anionic
material. Complex coacervates of the cationic polymer can be formed with
10 anionic surfactants or with anionic polymers that can optionally be added
to the
compositions hereof (e.g., sodium polystyrene sulfonate).
en ate
15 The hair care compositions of the present invention may also comprise a
sensate. As used herein the term "sensate" means a substance that, when
applied to the skin, causes a perceived sensation of a change in conditions,
for
example, but not limited to, heating, cooling, refreshing and the like.
20 Sensates are preferably utilized at levels of from about 0.001 % to about
10%,
more preferably from about 0.005% to about 5%, even more preferably from
about 0.01 % to about 1 %, by weight, of the total composition.
Any sensate suitable for use in hair care compositions may be used herein. A
non-limiting, exemplary list of suitable sensates can be found in GB-B-
1315626,
GB-B-1404596 and GB-B-1411785.
Preferred sensates for use in the compositions herein are camphor, menthol, 1-
isopulegol, ethyl menthane carboxamide and trimethyl isopropyl butanamide.
C,;S~ Ali hatic Alcohois
CA 02337165 2002-11-18
21
The compositions of the present invention may optionally comprise C,-Ce,
preferably CZ-C3, more preferably C2, aliphatic alcohol. The aliphatic alcohol
will
generally comprise from about 1 % to about 75%, preferably from about 10% to
about 40%, more preferably from about 15%' to about 30%, even more preferably
from about 18% to about 26%, by weight, of the total composition.
Viscosity Modifier
The compositions of the present invention can also comprise viscosity
modifiers.
Any viscosity modifier suitable for use in hair care compositions may be used
herein. Generally, if present, the viscosity modifier will comprise from about
0.01 % to about 10%, preferably from about 0.05% to about 5%, more preferably
from about 0.1 % to about 3%, by weight, of the total composition. A non-
limiting
list of suitable viscosity modifiers can be found in the CTFA Intem_ationai
Cosmetic Ingr~dignt Dictionary and Handbook, 7th edition, edited by Wenninger
and McEwen, (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc.,
Washington, D.C., 1997).
Suitable viscosity modifiers for use herein include shear sensitive viscosity
modifiers. As used herein "shear sensitive viscosity modifiers" means
viscosity
modifiers that can form compositions whose viscosity decreases at low shear
rates. Shear rate (s'') can be defined as the ratio of the velocity (ms'') of
material
to its distance from a stationary object (m). Shear rates of less than about
250s''
can be thought of as "low shear rates". Any shear sensitive viscosity modifier
suitable for use in hair care may be used herein However, preferred for use
herein are viscosity modifiers which form compositions whose viscosity
decreases at a shear rate of less than about 100s'', more preferably less than
about 50s'. In addition, preferred shear sensitive viscosity modifiers are
those
which can form compositions whose viscosity decreases by more than about
30%, preferably more than about 50%, more preferably more than about 70%,
even more preferably more than about 80% at a shear rate of 50s''.
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WO 00/06102 PCT/US99/06114
22
Preferred viscosity modifiers for use herein are those which form compositions
whose viscosity is also sensitive to the electrolyte concentration in the
aqueous
phase, known hereafter as "salt sensitive viscosity modifiers". Background
material on the properties of salt sensitive viscosity modifiers can be found
in
American Chemical Society Symposium Series (1991 ), Vol. 462, pp101-120,
incorporated herein by reference. Any salt sensitive viscosity modifier
suitable for
use in hair care compositions may be used herein.
Examples of suitable viscosity modifiers include, but are not limited to,
synthetic
hectorites, carboxylic anionic polymers/copolymers and carboxylic anionic
cross-
linked polymers/ copolymers. Preferred for use herein are carboxylic anionic
cross-linked polymers and copolymers. More preferred are carboxylic anionic
cross-linked copolymers.
The synthetic hectorites useful herein are synthetic layered silicates such as
sodium-magnesium silicate. Examples of suitable synthetic hectorites include
those available from Laporte Plc., United Kingdom under the trade name
Laponite.
The carboxylic anionic copolymers useful herein can be hydrophobically-
modified
cross-linked copolymers of carboxylic acid and alkyl carboxylate, and have an
amphiphilic property. These carboxylic anionic copolymers are obtained by
copolymerising 1 ) a carboxylic acid monomer such as acrylic acid, methacrylic
acid, malefic acid, malefic anhydride, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, crotonic
acid, or
a-chloroacrylic acid, 2) a carboxylic ester having an alkyl chain of from 1 to
about
carbons, and preferably 3) a crosslinking agent of the following formula:
R' C Y' Y' Y' C R'
CHZ CHI
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WO 00/06102 PCT/US99/06114
23
wherein R1 is a hydrogen or an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 30
carbons; Y1, independently, is oxygen, CH20, COO, OCO,
/ \ -C-N-
or o RZ , wherein R2 is a hydrogen or an alkyl group having
from about 1 to about 30 carbons; and Y2 is selected from (CH2)m",
(CH2CH20)m", or (CH2CH2CH20)m" wherein m" is an integer of from 1 to
about 30.
Suitable carboxylic anionic copolymers herein are acrylic acid/alkyl acrylate
copolymers having the following formula:
.~OORZ ~ ~ OORz
CH-CHz C-CHz CH - CHz -
n n.
Hz
Hz
Hz
n"
CH,
H-CHz ~-CHZ ~ H-CHz -
COORz m R~ COORz
m'
P
wherein R2, independently, is a hydrogen or an alkyl of 1 to 30 carbons
wherein
at least one of R2 is a hydrogen, R1 is as defined above, n, n', m and m' are
integers in which n+n'+m+m' is from about 40 to about 100, n" is an integer of
from 1 to about 30, and P is defined so that the copolymer has a molecular
weight of about 5000 to about 3,000,000.
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WO 00/06102 PCTNS99/06114
24
Neutralizing agents may be included to neutralize the carboxylic anionic
copolymers herein. Non-limiting examples of such neutralizing agents include
sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide,
monethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, diisopropanolamine,
aminomethylpropanol, tromethamine, tetrahydroxypropyl ethylenediamine, and
mixtures thereof.
Non-limiting examples of suitable carboxylic anionic viscosity modifiers,
including
details of their manufacture, can be found in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,940,351;
5,288,814; 5,349,030; 5,373,044 and 5,468,797, all of which are incorporated
herein by reference. Examples of carboxylic anionic viscosity modifiers
include
those available from B.F. Goodrich, Cleveland, OH, USA under the trade names
Pemulen TR-1, Pemulen TR-2, Carbopol 980, Carbopol 981, Carbopol ETD-
2020, Carbopol ETD-2050 and Carbopol Ultrez 10. Preferred are Carbopol ETD-
2020, Carbopol ETD-2050 and Carbopol Ultrez 10, especially Carbopol Ultrez
10.
Particularly preferred viscosity modifiers for use herein from the viewpoint
of
improving spreadability, reducing tack and improving shine are carboxylic
anionic
viscosity modifiers such as Carbopol Ultrez 10.
Polyethylene alvcol derivatives of glycerides
Suitable polyethylene glycol derivatives of glycerides include any
polyethylene
glycol derivative of glycerides which are water-soluble and which are suitable
for
use in a hair care composition. Suitable polyethylene glycol derivatives of
glycerides for use herein include derivatives of mono-, di- and tri-glycerides
and
mixtures thereof.
One class of polyethylene glycol derivatives of glycerides suitable herein are
those which conform to the general formula (I):
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WO 00/06102 PCT/US99/06114
0
RCOCH2CH(OH)CH2(OCH2CH2)nOH
wherein n, the degree of ethoxylation, is from about 4 to about 200,
preferably
5 from about 5 to about 150, more preferably from about 20 to about 120, and
wherein R comprises an aliphatic radical having from about 5 to about 25
carbon
atoms, preferably from about 7 to about 20 carbon atoms.
Suitable polyethylene glycol derivatives of glycerides can be polyethylene
glycol
10 derivatives of hydrogenated castor oil. For example, PEG-20 hydrogenated
castor oil, PEG-30 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil,
PEG-45 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-50 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-54
hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-55 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-60 hydrogenated
castor oil, PEG-80 hydrogenated castor oil, and PEG-100 hydrogenated castor
15 oil. Preferred for use in the compositions herein is PEG-60 hydrogenated
castor
oil.
Other suitable polyethylene glycol derivatives of gfycerides can be
polyethylene
glycol derivatives of stearic acid. For example, PEG-30 stearate, PEG-40
20 stearate, PEG-50 stearate, PEG-75 stearate, PEG-90 stearate, PEG-100
stearate, PEG-120 stearate, and PEG-150 stearate. Preferred for use in the
compositions herein is PEG-100 stearate.
Cationic Surfactant
Cationic surfactants useful in compositions of the present invention, contain
amino or quaternary ammonium moieties. The cationic surfactant will
preferably,
though not necessarily, be insoluble in the compositions hereof. Cationic
surfactants among those useful herein are disclosed in the following
documents,
all incorporated by reference herein: M.C. Publishing Co., McCutcheon's,
CA 02337165 2001-O1-15
WO 00/06102 PCT/US99/06114
26
Detergents & Emulsifiers, (North American edition 1979); Schwartz, et al.;
Surface Active Aq_ents. Their Chemistry and Technology, New York: Interscience
Publishers, 1949; U.S. Patent 3,155,591, Hilfer, issued November 3, 1964; U.
S.
Patent 3,929,678, Laughlin et al., issued December 30, 1975; U. S. Patent
3,959,461, Bailey et al., issued May 25, 1976; and U. S. Patent 4,387,090,
Bolich, Jr., issued June 7, 1983.
Among the quaternary ammonium-containing cationic surfactant materials useful
herein are those of the general formula:
R~~N~R3
R ~ \Ra
wherein R1-R4 are independently an aliphatic group of from about 1 to about 22
carbon atoms or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene, alkylamido,
hydroxyalkyl,
aryl or alkylaryl group having from about 1 to about 22 carbon atoms; and X is
a
salt-forming anion such as those selected from halogen, (e.g. chloride,
bromide),
acetate, citrate, lactate, glycolate, phosphate nitrate, sulfate, and
alkylsulfate
radicals. The aliphatic groups may contain, in addition to carbon and hydrogen
atoms, ether linkages, and other groups such as amino groups. The longer chain
aliphatic groups, e.g., those of about 12 carbons, or higher, can be saturated
or
unsaturated. Especially preferred are mono-long chain (e.g., mono C12-C22
preferably C12-C1 g, more preferably C16, aliphatic, preferably alkyl), di-
short
chain (e.g., C1-C3 alkyl, preferably C1-C2 alkyl) quaternary ammonium salts.
Salts of primary, secondary and tertiary fatty amines are also suitable
cationic
surfactant materials. The alkyl groups of such amines preferably have from
about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and may be substituted or unsubstituted.
Such amines, useful herein, include stearamido propyl dimethyl amine, diethyl
amino ethyl stearamide, dimethyl stearamine, dimethyl soyamine, soyamine,
myristyl amine, tridecyl amine, ethyl stearylamine, N-talfowpropane diamine,
CA 02337165 2002-11-18
27
ethoxylated (with 5 moles of ethylene oxide) stearyiamine, dihydroxy ethyl
stearylamine, and arachidylbehenylamine. Suitable amine salts include the
halogen, acetate, phosphate, nitrate, citrate, lactate, and alkyl sulfate
salts. Such
salts include stearyiamine hydrochloride, soyamine chloride, stearyiamine
formate, N-taliowpropane diamine dichloride, stearamidopropyl dimethylamine
citrate, cetyi trimethyi ammonium chloride and dicetyl diammonium chloride.
Preferred for use in the compositions herein is cetyl trimethyl ammonium
chloride. Cationic amine surfactants included among those useful in the
present
invention are disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,275,055, Nachtigal, et al., issued
June
23, 1981.
Cationic surfactants are preferably utilized at levels of from about 0.1 % to
about
10%, more preferably from about 0.25% to about 5%, most preferably from about
0.3% to about 0.7%, by weight of the composition.
Fatter Alcohols
The hair care compositions of the present invention may also comprise fatty
alcohols. Any fatty alcohol suitable for use in hair care may be used herein.
However, preferred are Ce to Cue, more preferred are C,Z to C,e, even more
preferred are C,g, fatty alcohols.
Fatty aicohols are preferably utilized at levels of from about 0.1 % to about
20%,
more preferably from about 0.25% to about 10%, most preferably from about
0.5% to about 5%, by weight of the composition.
If both fatty alcohol and cationic surfactant are present the ratio of
alcoholaurfactant is preferably in the range of from about 3:1 to about 6:1,
more
preferably 4:1.
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28
Water
The compositions of the present invention will also generally contain water.
When present water will generally comprise from about 25% to about 99%,
preferably from about 50% to about 98%, more preferably from about 65% to
about 95%, by weight, of the total composition.
Additional Components
The compositions herein can contain a variety of other optional components
suitable for rendering such compositions more cosmetically or aesthetically
acceptable or to provide them with additional usage benefits. Such
conventional
optional ingredients are well-known to those skilled in the art.
A wide variety of additional ingredients can be formulated into the present
composition. These include: other hair conditioning ingredients such as
panthenol, panthetine, pantotheine, panthenyl ethyl ether, and combinations
thereof; other solvents such as hexylene glycol; hair-hold polymers such as
those
described in WO-A-94/08557, herein incorporated by reference; detersive
surfactants such as anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, and zwitterionic
surfactants;
additional viscosity modifiers and suspending agents such as xanthan gum, guar
gum, hydroxyethyl cellulose, triethanolamine, methyl cellulose, starch and
starch
derivatives; viscosity modifiers such as methanolamides of long chain fatty
acids
such as cocomonoethanol amide; crystalline suspending agents; pearlescent
aids such as ethylene glycol distearate; opacifiers such as polystyrene;
preservatives such as phenoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol, methyl paraben, propyl
paraben, imidazolidinyl urea and the hydantoins; polyvinyl alcohol; ethyl
alcohol;
pH adjusting agents, such as lactic acid, citric acid, sodium citrate,
succinic acid,
phosphoric acid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate; salts, in general, such
as
potassium acetate and sodium chloride; colouring agents, such as any of the
FD&C or D&C dyes; hair oxidising (bleaching) agents, such as hydrogen
CA 02337165 2001-O1-15
WO 00/06102 PCT/US99106114
29
peroxide, perborate and persuffate salts; hair reducing agents, such as the
thioglycolates; perfumes; sequestering agents, such as tetrasodium
ethylenediamine tetra-acetate; anti-dandruff agents such as zinc pyrithione
(ZPT), sulfur, selenium sulfide, coal tar, piroctone olamine, ketoconazole,
climbazole, salicylic acid; antioxidants/ultra violet filtering agents such as
octyl
methoxycinnamate, benzophenone-3 and DL-alpha tocopherol acetate and
polymer plasticizing agents, such as glycerine, diisobutyl adipate, butyl
stearate,
and propylene glycol. Such optional ingredients generally are used
individually
at levels from about 0.001 % to about 10.0%, preferably from about 0.01 % to
about 5.0% by weight of the composition.
Product Forms
The hair care compositions of the present invention can be formulated in a
wide
variety of product forms, including but not limited to creams, gels, aerosol
or non-
aerosol foams, mousses and sprays. Mousses, foams and sprays can be
formulated with propellants such as propane, butane, pentane, dimethylether,
hydrofluorocarbon, C02, N20, or without specifically added propellants (using
air
as the propellant in a pump spray or pump foamer package).
Method of Use
The hair care compositions of the present invention may be used in a
conventional manner for care of human hair. An effective amount of the
composition, typically from about 1 gram to about 50 grams, preferably from
about 1 gram to about 20 grams, is applied to the hair. Application of the
composition typically includes working the composition through the hair,
generally with the hands and fingers. or with a suitable implement such as a
comb or brush, to ensure good coverage. The composition is then left on the
hair, generally until the consumer next washes their hair.
CA 02337165 2001-O1-15
WO 00/06102 PCT/US99/06114
The preferred method of treating the hair therefore comprises the steps of:
(a) applying an effective amount of the hair care composition to wet, damp or
dry hair,
(b) working the hair care composition into the hair with hands and fingers or
5 with a suitable implement.
The method can, optionally, comprise a further step of rinsing the hair with
water.
Examples
The following examples further illustrate the preferred embodiments within the
scope of the present invention. The examples are given solely for the purposes
of illustration ~.~d are not to be construed as limitations of the present
invention
as many variations of the invention are possible without departing from its
spirit
or scope. All ingredients are expressed on a weight percentage of the active
ingredient.
Examples I (% wt)
I
S ra
Water s
Cationic Polymer of 0.075
h drox eth I cellulose'
trisodium citrate 0.70
PEG 60 hydrogenated 0.80
castor oil2
lactic acid 0.10
henox ethanol 0.20
CI 42045 Acid blue 1 0.0001
Perfume [ 0.10
~~ 1)~Polymer~having~a~charge~density~of 1~.93meq/g
and wt average mol. wt of 1.25million. Available
~_ fro_m Amerchol. _ __ _ ___
~~2) Cremophor ~RH-60.supplied ~by BASF ~~~~ ~~ ~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~
CA 02337165 2001-O1-15
WO 00/06102 PCT/US99/06114
31
S
The cationic polymer and the trisodium citrate are added to water and stirred
thoroughly at ambient conditions until a homogenous solution is obtained. All
the
other ingredients are then mixed together and added to the homogenous
solution. The resulting solution is then stirred until homogenous.
Example II (% wt)
I I
Mousse
Water s
Cationic Polymer of 0.30
h drox eth I cellulose'
trisodium citrate 0.10
PEG 60 hydrogenated 0.10
castor oil2
CAPB3 0.30
lactic acid 0.02
henox ethanol 0.30
Perfume 0.25
~1 )~Polymer~having~a ~charge~density~of~1~.93meq/g ~~~~
and wt average mol. wt of 1.25million. Available
_f_rom Amerchol. _______ _ __
- 2)~Cremophor~~RH-60 supplied ~by ~BASF.~~~~ ~~ ~~~
3) Tegobetaine F supplied by Goldschmidt
The cationic polymer and the trisodium citrate are added to water and stirred
thoroughly at ambient conditions until a homogenous solution is obtained. All
the
other ingredients are then mixed together and added to the homogenous
solution. The resulting solution is then stirred until homogenous. The
resulting
product is then packaged in a pressurised aerosol container with volatile
propellant (propane, butane, etc.) at a fill ratio 10-15 parts concentrate to
1 part
propellant.
Examples III-IV (% wt~
III IV
Cream Cream
Water s s -
Carbomer' 1.00 - A
AcrylateslC10-30 alkyl - 0.60 A
CA 02337165 2001-O1-15
WO 00/06102 PCT/US99/06114
32
ac late cross of merz
Cationic Polymer of 1.00 0.10 B
h drox eth I cellulose"
meth I arabens 0.08 - C
ro I arabens 0.04 - C
Cet I alcohol3 2.40 1.00 C
Stea I alcohol 0.50 C
Cetrimmonium chloride4 0.60 - C
PEG 60 hydrogenated castor0.05 - C
0115
Ammonium Lau I Sul hates 0.10 - C
PEG100 stearate' - 0.13 C
Ethanol denatured - 30.00 D
Cam hor 0.10 - D
I-iso ule ola - 0.50 D
Pol uaternium 49 0.10 - D
2- hen I ro I M'Q resin' - 0.50 D
lactic acid - 0.15 D
henox ethanol 0.20 0.20 D
tetra sodium EDTA 0.01 - D
citric acid 0.10 - D
Perfume 0.60 1.00 D
Triethanolamine 0.40 0.40 E
1 ) Carbopol Ultrez 10 supplied by BF Goodrich) 8) Coolact P supplied by
Takasago
2) Pemulen TR2 supplied by BF 9) Celquat L200 supplied by
Goodrich National Starch
3) Crodacol C-95 supplied by 10) Prepared according to GB-A-2,297,775
Croda Inc.
4) Dehyquat A supplied by Henkel11 ) Polymer having charge density
of 1.93meq/g
5) Cremophor RH-60 supplied and wt average mol. wt of 1.25million.
by BASF . Available
6) Empicol AL 30/T supplied from Amerchol.
by Albright & Wilson
7) Myrj 59 supplied by ICI Surfactants
Ingredients A are solubilized in water and then heated to 80°C. All of
ingredients
C are then added and the resulting mixture cooled by recirculation to
30°C
through a plate heat exchanger with simultaneous high shear mixing. Batch
Cooling rate is maintained at between 1.0 and 1.5°C/min. All of
ingredients D are
then added and 50% of ingredient E, the triethanolamine. This mixture is then
stirred until homogenous. Ingredient B is then solubilized in water and added
to
the main mix. This mixture is then subjected to high shear mixing until
homogenous particle size distribution is achieved. Recirculation is then
stopped
to prevent shear stress damage to product during completion of neutralisation.
CA 02337165 2001-O1-15
WO 00/06102 PCT/US99/06I14
33
The remaining ingredient E, triethanolamine, is added until the specified pH
and
viscosity is achieved.
Example V %wt)
V
Lotion
Water s -
meth I arabens 0.50 A
ro I arabens 0.40 A
Cet I alcohol' 1.60 A
Cetrimmonium chloride2 0.40 A
PEG 60 h dro enated castor 0.10 A
oil3
Cationic Polymer of hydroxyethyl0.20 B
cellulose5
Dimethicone4 0.20 C
St I M'Q resin 0.20 C
zinc rithione 0.03 C
oct I methox cinnamate 0.10 C
benzo henone-3 0.02 C
DL-al ha toco herol acetate 0.03 C
DMDM h dantoin 0.05 - C
tetra sodium EDTA 0.30 C
citric acid 0.20 C
Perfume 0.40 C
.....................................................:.........................
....................................:..4...D........_O._......__.-died b ---
Dow Cornin-----..___.________._____.._.___.......__.
1.)..~rodacoLC-95.supplied. by. C~oda_Inc:.....................
_.....)......X20.....S~PP............x.............................9...........
..........................._.
2 Deh uat A su lied b Henkel ...__._._......___ .5).Polymer. havin~.charge_
density, of.1:93meq/~...._,_.,..
...)..........~!9...................PF............ .. . ..
.Y................................. ..... ... ..... .. .. .. ...... ..
........ ... . .. ....
3) Cremophor RH-60 supplied by BASF and wt average mol. Wt of 1.25million.
Available
from Amerchol.
Ingredients A are solubilized in water and then heated to 80°C. The
resulting
mixture cooled to 30°C through a plate heat exchanger with simultaneous
high
shear mixing. The cooling rate is maintained at between 1.0 and
1.5°Clmin. All
of ingredients C are then added. This mixture is then stirred until
homogenous.
Ingredient B is then solubilized in water and added to the main mix. This
mixture
is then subjected to high shear mixing until homogenous particle size
distribution
is achieved.
