Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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Textile treatment compositions, preparation thereof and use thereof
Textile processing operations, such as sewing or tufting, are very demanding
of the
textile material with regard to surface smoothness. High needle speeds impose
thermal and mechanical stresses on a fabric, which can lead to broken threads
and
damaged stitches when there is a lack of surface smoothness. This disadvantage
can
be circumvented by providing the textile material with a smoothing finish.
It is known to use emulsions or dispersions of paraffin hydrocarbons or of
waxes as
finishes. For instance, the German OPI documents 2 621 881, 2 733 493, 2 816
196
and 2 830 173 describe emulsions of paraffin hydrocarbons, which contain
cationic
surfactants as emulsifiers. DE-A-3 003 851, furthermore, describes dispersions
of
oxidized waxes, while DE-A-2 535 768 utilizes dispersions of polysiloxanes and
hydrocarbons or fluorine-containing polymers to obtain high surface
smoothness. It is
also known to use fatty acid esters as lubricants together with paraffin
hydrocarbons.
However, such emulsions c>r dispersions frequently have the disadvantage that
they
are not suitable for use on short-liquor jet dyeing machines, since the high
shearing
forces of the process destroy the emulsions. This leads to creaming and
spotting and
to nonuniform finish distribution on the textile material.
In addition, such emulsions or dispersions confer on the textile material not
only high
surface smoothness, but also in most cases a harsh fabric hand which
necessitates the
additional use of a textile softener.
Finishing with softeners will usually provide a pleasantly soft hand. Finishes
generally contain a long hydrophobic radical, which in turn leads to the
treated
textiles being poor absorbers of water. This can be particularly unwelcome in
the
case of towels, bathrobes and terry material. An overview of the various known
softener types and their properties, including with regard to hand and
hydrophilicity,
is given in P. Hardt, Melliand Textilberichte 9/1990, p. 699.
JP 09195167 A2 discloses cationic softener compositions comprising polyhydric
alcohols. However, use of such compounds to finish textiles leads to poor
sewability.
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DE-A-19 629 666, furthermore, describes the use of alkylpolyglycosides to
render
polypropylene and polyester fibres hydrophilic. However, the compounds possess
poor whiteness, which is not acceptable for a finish.
DE-A-31 38 181, furthermore, describes mixtures comprising fatty acid amides.
It is
true that the use of these substances in the finish leads to a very soft hand,
but also to
poor hydrophilic properties on the part of the textiles treated.
It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide a textile
treatment
composition which will confer good hydrophilicity, a good soft hand and a high
surface smoothness on the textile material at one and the same time. In
addition, the
textile treatment composition shall possess sufficient liquor stability to be
employable in jet dyeing machines, too.
The invention provides textile treatment compositions characterized in that
they
include as components
(A) 0-30% by weight of polyalcohols obtainable by the reaction of formaldehyde
with ketones bearing at least 4 replaceable hydrogens adjacent to the carbonyl
group in the presence of alkaline catalysts,
(B) 0-30% by weight of polyalcohols which have at least two OH groups and do
not come within the definition of (A),
(C) 0.1-10% by weight of adducts of Ct2-C22 fatty acids or Cg-Clg fatty
alcohols
or Ct2-C36-alkyl- or di(C12-C36)-alkylamines or Cg-C24-alkylphenols with
2-100 mol of ethylene oxide, and
(D) 70-99.9% by weight of an aqueous softener formulation containing 10-90%
by weight of softener compounds, based on the aqueous softener formulation,
where (A) + (B) is > 0.1 %~ by weight, based on the sum of the components (A)
to
(D).
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The polyalcohols (A) are obtainable by the reaction of formaldehyde with
ketones
bearing at least 4 replaceable hydrogens adjacent to the carbonyl group in the
presence of alkaline catalysts.
The ketones preferably possess the general formula (1)
R-CH2 C---~(CH2)~ C-~CH2 R' (1),
where
R and R' are independently of each other straight-chain or branched
Ct-C24-alkyl, C2-C24-alkenyl, phenyl or naphthyl radicals,
or the two radicals R and R' may combine to form an alkylene radical
-(-CH2-)-p where p = 2-6, in which case one or two CH2 groups can be
replaced by a hetero atom, preferably oxygen,
m is0orl,and
n is0, 1,2,3or4.
Preferably, R and R' are independently of each other -CH3, -C2H5, -C3H~, -i-
C3H~,
-C4H9, -CH=C(CH3)2 or combine to form an alkylene radical ~CH~ where
~P
p=2or3.
The straight-chain or branched Ct-C24-alkyl and Ct-C24-alkenyl groups of the
radicals R and R' are optionally substituted by OH, COOH or S03H. Similarly,
the
phenyl or naphthyl radical may be substituted by OH, COOH or S03H. Preferred
thusly substituted radicals R and R' are those of the formulae -CH2-COOH and
-CH2-C(CH3)2(OH).
Suitable ketones are in particular alicyclic ketones, such as cyclopentanone
and
cyclohexanone; similarly, aliphatic ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl
ketone,
methyl propyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone, methyl butyl ketone, methyl
isobutyl
ketone, methyl sec-butyl kc;tone, mesityl oxide, diacetone alcohol, laevulinic
acid,
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diethyl ketone, diacetyl, acetylacetone, acetonylacetone or methyl benzyl
ketone are
particularly suitable.
Formaldehyde can be used in the form of paraformaldehyde, trioxymethylene or a
formaldehyde polymer that releases formaldehyde under the reaction conditions.
Particular preference is given to polyalcohols (A) of the formulae 2(1) to
2(8), which
can be obtained via the abovementioned reaction.
OH H
HO OH HO OH
HO
HO OH HO OH
U
2(1) 2(2) 2(3)
OH
OH HO OH OH HO CH3
HO OH HO ~-OH HO ~O J ~-OH
O O
2(4) 2(5) 2(6)
OH
H HO CH3
HO ~ ~~OH
HO \OH
2(7) 2(8)
Examples of suitable alkaline catalysts are oxides or hydroxides of the alkali
or
alkaline earth metals. Preference is given to using alkaline earth metal
hydroxides,
especially calcium hydroxide.
The synthesis of the polyalcohols (A) is described in US-A-2,462,031 in
general
terms.
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The polyalcohols (B) possess at least two OH groups and do not come within the
definition of the polyalcohols (A).
Examples of suitable polyalcohols (B) are pentaerythritol, neopentylglycol,
ethylene
glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, glycerol,
polyglycerol, dipentaerythritol, diglycerol, glucose or carbohydrates having
more
than 2 OH groups.
The ethylene oxide adducts (C) are adducts of Ct2-C22 fatty acids or Cg-Clg
fatty
alcohols or Ct2-C36-alkyl- or di(C12-C36)-alkylamines or Cg-C24-alkylphenols
with
2-100 mol of ethylene oxide (see, for example, Tensid-Taschenbuch by W.
Stache,
2nd edition, 1981, p. 617-66:?).
Examples of particularly preferred ethylene oxide adducts (C) are adducts of
stearyl
alcohol with 19, 56 or 95 mol of ethylene oxide, of oleyl alcohol with 19, 56
or
95 mol of ethylene oxide, of stearic acid with 6.5, 8.5 and 10 mol of ethylene
oxide,
of oleic acid with 6.5, 8.5 or 10 mol of ethylene oxide, or of tallow fatty
amine with
2, 4.5, 10, 22 or 25 mol of ethylene oxide.
The components present in the aqueous softener formulation (D) are extensively
described, for example, in DE-A-31 38 181, hereby incorporated herein by
reference.
They are, for example, aqueous mixtures M1 including
50 - 80% by weight of the component (I), which takes the form of acylated
alkanolamines obtainable by reacting saturated or unsaturated C12-C22
carboxylic
acids with alkanolamines containing I or 2 nitrogen atoms, I - 3 OH groups and
2 - 6 carbon atoms in a molar ratio of ( I-3): l ,
10 - 30% by weight of the component (II), which takes the form of water-
soluble,
quaternary ammonium salts of the general formula (3)
R' 9
\N/ R 1 (Xt_ )
R2~ ~ 4 t
R
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where
R1 is a C14-C25-alkyl or -alkenyl radical which is interrupted by an amide
and/or
ester group,
R2 is a radical having the meaning of Ri or is a C1-C4 alkyl radical,
R3 and R4 are independently of each other a C1-C4 alkyl radical, a
hydroxyethyl, a
hydroxypropyl or a benzyl radical, and
XL- is an anion having t negative charges, t being 1, 2 or 3,
2 - 20% by weight of the component (III), which takes the form of fatty acid
esters
formed from saturated or unsaturated C12-C22 fatty acids or saturated or
unsaturated
C4-Clp dicarboxylic acids and mono- to tetrahydric C3-C2p alcohols,
2 - 20% by weight of the component (IV), which takes the form of ethylene
oxide
adducts of C12-C22 fatty acids or Cg-C18 fatty alcohols or C12-C36-alkyl- or
di(C12-C36)-alkylamines or Cg-C24-alkylphenols with 2-100 mol of ethylene
oxide,
and
0 - 25% by weight of the component (V), which takes the form of
diorganopolysiloxanes having a viscosity of 1000 to 100,000 mm2/s,
all the aforementioned weight %ages each being based on the total mixture M1
and
the sum of the components (I) to (V) in the mixture M1 being 10 to 90% by
weight.
The acylated alkanolamines (I), described for example at K. Lindner "Tenside-
Textilhilfsmittel-Waschrohstoffe", 2nd edition, volume l, pages 904 and 993,
and at
Schwartz-Perry "Surface Active Agents" 1949, vol. 1, p. 173, contain amide
and/or
ester groups, depending on the alkanolamines used.
They are prepared using carboxylic acids of natural or synthetic origin, for
example
lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, oleic
acid or their
mixtures, as prepared for example from coconut oil, palm kernel oil or tallow,
or
branched-chain acids from the oxo process, for example isostearic acid, or the
acyl
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chlorides of these carboxylic acids. Preference is given to using stearic acid
and
behenic acid in technical grade quality.
Suitable alkanolamines containing 2-6 carbon atoms and 1-3 OH groups include
monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine,
N-(2-aminoethyl)-ethanolamine, 1-aminopropanol and bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)-
amine.
Preference is given to the use of N-(2-aminoethyl)-ethanolamine,
monoethanolamine
and diethanolamine.
The water-soluble quaternary ammonium salts (II) contain a hydrophobic radical
comprising at least one Ct4-C25-alkyl or -alkenyl chain, which is interrupted
by an
amide andlor ester group. They are prepared according to known methods,
described
for example in Schwartz-Perry "Surface Active Agents", 1949, vol. 1, p. 118
and in
E. Jungermann "Cationic Surfactants" 1970, p. 29, whereby mono-, di- or
triamines
which contain a tertiary amino group and one or two primary amino groups
and/or
one or two OH groups are acylated with the acids mentioned in I) and then
suitably
quaternized.
In the formula (3), R1 is preferably R5-CO-Y-R6-, where R5 is an alkyl or
alkenyl
radical having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, R6 is an ethylene or propylene radical
and Y is
NH or O.
In the formula (3), the anion Xt- is preferably chloride, bromide, sulphate,
phosphate,
methosulphate or dimethyl phosphite.
Examples of suitable amines for preparing (II) are 3-amino-1-dimethylamino-
propane, 3-amino-1-diethylamino-propane, methyl-bis-(3-amino-propyl)-amine,
bis-(2-methylamino-ethyl)-methylamine, 2-dimethylamino-ethanol, methyl-bis-
(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-amine or 3-dimethylamino-1-propanol.
Preferred compounds (II) are reaction products of technical grade stearic acid
or
behenic acid with 3-amino-1-dimethylamino-propane or 3-amino-1-diethylamino-
propane, which are quaternized with dimethyl sulphate or dimethyl phosphite.
The quaternization is earned out by the usual methods without solvent or in a
solvent, in which case not only water or ethanol but also the acylated
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alkanolamines (>7 in molten form are useful solvents provided they contain no
tertiary
nitrogen atom.
Examples of suitable quaternizing agents are methyl chloride, dimethyl
sulphate,
dimethyl phosphite or ethylene oxide; in the latter case, the reaction is
carried out in a
solution acidified with sulphuric acid or phosphoric acid.
The substances of the two compound groups (I) and (II) can also be prepared in
a
one-pot process by reacting mixtures of the amines mentioned for the two
groups
with fatty acids and subsequently quaternizing the tertiary amino groups
accordingly.
The carboxylic esters (III) are prepared using mono- to tetrahydric C3-C2p
alcohols.
The alkyl chain of these alcohols can also be interrupted by oxygen.
Examples of the carboxylic esters (III) are butyl stearate, 2-ethylhexyl
stearate,
octadecyl stearate, isotridecyl stearate, 2-ethylhexyl oleate, di-2-ethylhexyl
sebacate,
pentaethylene glycol dilaurate, trimethylolpropane trilaurate and
pentaerythritol
tetrapelargonate.
The components (I), (II) and (III) are softener compounds.
The solubility of the mixtures of the softener compounds is improved by using
as
component (IV) ethylene oxide adducts of Ct2-C22 fatty acids or Cg-Ctg fatty
alcohols or Ct2-C36-alkyl- or di-(C12-C36)-alkylamines or Cg-C24-alkylphenols.
These components (IV) also has softener properties on account of the long
alkyl
radicals. The optimum degree of alkoxylation will vary from case to case and
can be
2-100 mol of ethylene oxide per mole of starting substance.
If necessary, the mixtures of the softener compounds may include emulsion-
polymerized diorganopolysiloxanes (V) having viscosities of 1000 to 100,000
mmz/s.
These diorganopolysiloxanes are customarily used in the form of aqueous
emulsions
and likewise have softener properties. Polydimethylsiloxanes are preferred.
In a further embodiment, the aqueous mixture Ml further includes
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1-30% by weight of a component (VI) which is an oxidized polyethylene wax
emulsion,
this weight %age of the component (VI) too being based on the total mixture M1
and
the sum total of the components (I) to (VI) in the mixture M1 being 10-90% by
weight.
These oxidized polyethylene wax emulsions (VI) customarily have an acid number
of
from 10 to 60 mg of KOH/g and are described for example in DE-A-30 03 851 and
DE-A-28 30 173.
The aqueous softener formulation (D) can also be a mixture M2 including
2-20% by weight of the component (N) already defined for the mixture M1,
0-25% by weight of the component (V) already defined for the mixture M1 and
1-30% by weight of the component (VI) already defined for the mixture M1,
where all the aforementioned weight %ages are each based on the total mixture
M2
and the sum total of the components (IV), (V) and (VI) in the mixture MZ is 10-
90%
by weight.
The aqueous softener formulation (D) can also be a mixture M3 including
50-80% by weight of the component (I) already defined for the mixture M1,
10-30% by weight of the component (II) already defined for the mixture M1,
2-20% by weight of the component (III) already defined for the mixture M1,
1-20% by weight of the component (IV) already defined for the mixture Ml,
1-30% by weight of the component (VI) already defined for the mixture Ml, and
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1-20% by weight of a component (VII) which is a cationic emulsifier obtained
by
adduct formation of 2-20 mol ethylene oxide and/or propylene
oxide with a Clp-C22-alkylamine in the presence of an organic
orinorganic acid,
where all the aforementioned weight %ages are each based on the total mixture
M3
and the sum total of the components (I), (II), (III), (N), (VI) and (VII) in
the mixture
M3 is 10-90% by weight.
The cationic emulsifier (VII) contained in the mixture M3 is obtained by
adduct
formation of 2-20 mol ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide with a Clp-C22-
alkylamine in the presence of an organic or inorganic acid. The organic or
inorganic
acid may be for example formic acid, acetic acid, phosphoric acid, phosphorous
acid,
hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid or sulphurous acid.
The aqueous softener formulation (D) can also be a mixture M4 including
1-20% by weight of the component (IV) already defined for the mixture M1,
1-30% by weight of the component (VI) already defined for the mixture M1, and
1-20% by weight of the component (VII) already defined for the mixture M3,
where all the aforementioned weight %ages are each based on the total mixture
M4
and the sum total of the components (IV), (VI) and (VII) is 10-90% by weight.
The aqueous softener formulation (D) can also be a mixture M5 including
0.1-5% by weight of the component (IV) already defined for the mixture M1,
60-90% by weight of the component (VI) already defined for the mixture M1,
I-10% by weight of a component (VIII) which is a branched polysiloxane/poly-
ether copolymer,
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0.5-5% by weight of a component (IX) which is an organic phosphoric acid salt,
and
0-1% by weight of scents (X),
where all the aforementioned weight %ages are each based on the total mixture
MS
and the sum total of the components (IV), (VI) and (VIII) in the mixture MS is
- 90% by weight.
10 Component (VIII) is a branched polysiloxane/polyether copolymer. An example
of a
suitable branched polysiloxane/polyether copolymer is one obtainable by
reacting
octamethyltetrasiloxane, methyltrichlorosilane and polyglycols formed from
ethylene
oxide and/or propylene oxide, started on alkanols, preferably butanol, and
having a
hydroxyl number of 20-40 mg of KOH/g.
Component (IX) is, for example, organic phosphoric acid salts formed from mono-
or
di-(Ct-Clg-alkyl) phosphates and hydroxy-(Ct-C4~-alkyl-amines. It is also
possible to
use alkali or alkaline earth metal phosphates.
The aqueous softener formulation (D) can also be a mixture M6 including
50-80% by weight of the component (I) already defined for the mixture M1,
10-30% by weight of the component (II) already defined for the mixture M1
2-20% by weight of the component (III;1 already defined for the mixture M1,
1-20% by weight of the component (IV) already defined for the mixture M1, and
1-80% by weight of a component (XI) which is a polydimethylsiloxane having a
viscosity of less than 40 mPas at 23°C,
where all the aforementioned weight %ages are each based on the total mixture
M6
and the sum total of the corr~ponents (I), (II), (LCI), (IV) and (XI) in the
mixture M6 is
10-90% by weight.
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The aqueous softener formulation (D) can also be a mixture M7 including
1-20% by weight of the component (IV) already defined for the mixture M1 and
1-80% by weight of the component (XI) already defined for the mixture M5,
where all the aforementioned weight %ages are each based on the total mixture
M7
and the sum total of the components (IV) and (XI) in the mixture M7 is 10-90%
by
weight.
The aqueous softener formulation (D) can also be a mixture M8 including
0.1-20% by weight of the component (IV) already defined for the mixture M1,
0-25% by weight of the component (V) already defined for the mixture M1
5-40% by weight of a component (XII) which is an aminosilicone,
where all the aforementioned weight %ages are each based on the total mixture
M8,
and further
1-40% by weight based on the component (XII) of an amphoteric surfactant
(XIII) and
0-50% by weight based on the component (XII) of a straight-chain or branched
monohydric C1-Cig alcohol (XIV),
where the sum total of the weight %ages of the components (IV), (V) and (XII)
in the
mixture M8 is 10-90% by weight.
Useful aminosilicones (XII) include all customary and commercially available
aminosilicones which are licauid at room temperature, suitable aminosilicones
being
preferably N-modified, particularly preferably N-acylated, especially N-
formylated.
By N-acylation is meant the introduction of the radical -COR or -CONHR (R = H
or
Cl-Clg-alkyl). Such aminosilicones are extensively described in EP-A-0417 559,
for
example.
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Useful amphoteric surfactants (XIV) include all known and commercially
available
surfactants. Preference is given to using those of the class of the Cg-C24-
alkylamine
oxides.
The straight-chain or branched monohydric Ct-Ctg alcohols (XN) can be for
example aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic alcohols or ether alcohols.
Suitable
examples are ethanol, propanol, butanol, isobutanol, cyclohexanol,
butyldiglycol or
benzyl alcohol.
The aqueous softener formulation (D) may also include a mixture M9 including
0-80% by weight, preferably 50-80% by weight of the component (I) already
defined for the mixture M1,
0-30% by weight, preferably 10-30% by weight of the component (II) already
defined for the mixture M1,
0-20% by weight, preferably 2-20% by weight of the component (III) already
defined for the mixture M1,
0-20% by weight of the component (IV) already defined for the mixture M1,
0-50% by weight of the component (VI) already defined for the mixture M1,
0-80% by weight of a component (XV) which is the reaction product of a
saturated or unsaturated Ctg-C2~-carboxylic acid with amines
selected from the group consisting of diethylenetriamine,
triethylenetetramine and dimethylaminopropylamine,
0-50% by weight of a component (XVI) which is a paraffin having a melting
point of 50-120°C,
0-50% by weight of a component (XVII) which is a vegetable oil, preferably
refined rapeseed oil,
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0-30% by weight of stearoylsarcoside (XVIII),
0-80% by weight of a component (XIX) which is sulphonated beef tallow,
0-50% by weight of a component (XX) which is paraffinsulphonic acid or its
alkali or alkaline earth metal salts,
where all the aforementioned weight %ages are each based on the total mixture
M9
and the sum total of the components (I), (II), (III), (IV), (VI), (XV), (XVI),
(XVII),
(XVBI), (XIX) and (XX) in the mixture M9 is 10-90% by weight.
In the mixture M9, the acylated alkanolamines (I) which, as already described,
are
obtainable by reacting saturated or unsaturated Ct2-C22-carboxylic acids with
alkanolamines containing 1 or 2 nitrogen atoms, 1-3 OH groups and 2-6 carbon
atoms in a molar ratio of (1-3):1, may also be present in quaternized or
protonated
form. Examples of suitable quaternizing agents are methyl chloride, dimethyl
sulphate, dimethyl phosphite or ethylene oxide, in the latter case the
reaction being
carried out in a solution rendered acidic with sulphuric acid or phosphoric
acid.
In the mixture M9, the component (XV) may also be quaternized, protonated or
crosslinked with C4-Ctg-diisocyanates, preferably hexamethylene diisocyanate
(HDI), 4-methyl-m-phenylene diisocyanate (TDI) or 4,4'-methylenebis(phenyl
isocyanate) (MDI).
Component (XVII) is a vegetable oil, preferably refined rapeseed oil, which
consists
essentially of erucic acid, as triglyceride with oleic acid, linoleic acid and
linolenic
acid.
Component (XVIII) is the reaction product of stearoyl chloride and sarcosine,
optionally also in the form of an alkali metal salt, especially sodium salt.
Component (XIX) is based on beef tallow as animal fat containing various
fractions
of myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid in
the form of
the respective triglycerides. This beef tallow is, for example, sulphonated
using
oleum and neutralized with alkali.
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Component (XX) is a paraffinsulphonic acid or a salt thereof. Suitable
paraffin-
sulphonic acids and salts include straight-chain or branched, saturated or
unsaturated
hydrocarbons having 12-20 carbon atoms and sulphonic acid groups and/or
sulphonate groups. Component (XX) has a surface-active effect.
The above-described aqueous mixtures M1 to M9 are prepared by heating the
respective components of these mixtures, if necessary, to above the melting
point and
stirring them together until homogeneous after addition of an appropriate
amount of
preferably warm water. After cooling to room temperature, aqueous softener
formulations (D) are obtained in the form of liquid stable solutions or
emulsions
containing 10-90°Io by weight, preferably 10-80% by weight, of softener
compounds,
based on the aqueous softener formulation. The aqueous mixtures M1 to M9 thus
obtained are added to the textile treatment compositions of the invention. The
textile
treatment compositions of the invention are prepared by mixing the respective
components (A)-(D) in any order.
The textile treatment compositions of the invention, as well as the
components (A)-(D), may include other ingredients of the type customary in the
case
of textile auxiliaries. This includes protective colloids, perfumes,
fungicides or
bacteriocides, foam suppressants and UV stabilizers.
Preference is given to those textile treatment compositions which contain 0-
20% by
weight of polyalcohols (A), 0-20%> by weight of polyalcohols (B), 0.1-8% by
weight
of ethylene oxide adducts (C) and 80-95% by weight of the softener formulation
(D),
the sum total of (A) and (B) being >0.1% by weight, based on the sum total of
components (A) to (D).
Preference is further given to textile treatment compositions according to the
invention which contain
(A) 0.1-30% by weight of the compound according to formula 2(5),
HO H OH
HO ~O~~H
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but no component (B).
Particular preference is further given to textile treatment compositions which
include
(A) 0.1-30% by weight of the compound according to the formula 2(5)
H H H
HO ~O~~H
no component (B),
(C) 0.1-10% by weight of adducts of Ct2-C22 fatty acids or Cg-Ctg fatty
alcohols
or Ct2-C36-alkyl- or di-(C12-C36)-alkyl-amines or Cg-C24-alkylphenols with
2-100 mol of ethylene oxide, and
(D) 70-99.9% by weight of an aqueous softener formulation which includes
10-90% by weight of softener compounds, based on the aqueous softener
formulation,
where all the aforementioned weight %ages are each based on the entire
inventive textile treatment composition and the aqueous softener formulation
(D) used is one or more of the above-described mixtures M1 to M9.
Preference is further given to textile treatment compositions according to the
invention which contain
B) 0.1-30% by weight of a polyalcohol which has more than two OH groups and
does not come within the abovementioned general definition of (A),
but no component (A).
Here, component (B) is in particular trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol,
glucose or a
mixture thereof.
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Particular preference is further given to textile treatment compositions
according to
the invention which include
(B) 0.1-30% by weight of a polyalcohol which has more than two OH groups and
does not come within the abovementioned general definition of (A),
no component (A),
(C) 0.1-10% by weight of adducts of C12-C22 fatty acids or Cg-Ctg fatty
alcohols
or C12-C36-alkyl- or di-(Ct2-C36)-alkylamines or Cg-C24-alkylphenols with
2-100 mol of ethylene oxide, and
(E) 70-99.9% by weight of an aqueous softener formulation which includes
10-90% by weight of softener compounds, based on the aqueous softener
formulation,
where all the aforementioned weight %ages are each based on the entire
inventive
textile treatment composition and the aqueous softener formulation (D) used is
one or
more of the above-described mixtures M1 to M9.
For ease of handling, it is advantageous to convert the textile treatment
compositions
of the invention in turn into aqueous preparations. These aqueous preparations
contain 10-90% by weight, preferably 30-70% by weight, of the textile
treatment
compositions of the invention.
The invention further provides a process for finishing natural and synthetic
textile
materials, in which these textile materials are treated with textile treatment
compositions of the invention or their aqueous preparations.
This process is carried out in particular by treating the textile materials
with the
textile treatment compositions or the aqueous preparations in an exhaust
process
(winch beck, jet dyeing machine) or in a dip, spray or pad-mangle process.
This process is particularly useful for exhaust dyeing from a short liquor
using jet
dyeing machines.
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The textile treatment compositions of the invention are preferably used in an
amount
of 1-3% by weight in an exhaust process or at 10-30 g/1 of liquor in a pad-
mangle
process, based on a 100% 'wet pick-up. The liquor ratios can vary between 1:1
and
30:1, depending on the method of application.
The invention accordingly also provides natural and synthetic textile
materials which
have been treated with the textile treatment compositions of the invention or
their
aqueous preparations.
The textile materials which can be used can consist of natural and/or
synthetic fibre
materials. Examples of natural fibre materials are cellulose fibres such as
cotton,
filament viscose or staple viscose and also wool or silk. Examples of useful
synthetic
fibres are polyamide, polyester or polyacrylonitrile.
I S The textile treatment compositions of the invention improve the
hydrophilicity of the
treated textile materials appreciably whilst preserving the soft hand and the
high
surface smoothness.
A further advantage of the textile treatment compositions of the invention is
their
behaviour when stored at low temperatures. In the case of customary
plasticizer
compositions comprising paraffins and waxes the active ingredients settle out
in solid
form at low temperatures and are impossible to re-emulsify by heating. In the
case of
the textile treatment compositions of the invention, it is easily possible at
any time to
get back to useful emulsions by heating.
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Examules
The following substrates are used:
S 1. cotton tricot (145 mz/g, open end yarn: 202 dtex), brightened
2. 100% woven polyester, fine satin.
The inventive and comparative textile treatment compositions are applied by
pad
mangling with 100% wet pick-up. An amount of 20 g of textile treatment
composition per 1 of liquor is used in each case.
The treated substrates are rated for hand and for sewability, whiteness and
hydrophilicity according to the following test conditions:
Sewability: tested on 4-ply material with 5200 stitches/min over a sewing
length of 80 cm using the needle shape LBALL/SES.
Whiteness: determined according to CIELAB.
Hydrophilicity: tested by the water droplet test to determine the time within
which a water droplet is absorbed by the substrate.
Hand assessment: on ten-y material by 6 people who each assign a rank whose
average is reported. A hand of 3 is still acceptable.
The following inventive aqueous mixtures M I, M II, M III and M IV are
prepared for
treating the above-cited substrates:
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Inventive Mixtures
component M I M II M III M IV
A 56.1 PolyalcoholTrimethylol-Glycerol Polyglycerol
and/or as propane
B per formula
2(5)
C S.1 Adduct of
1 mol of
ole 1 alcohol
and 19
mol of
eth lene
oxide
38.8 Softened
water
The following softener formulations 1-8 are prepared for use as component (D):
Softener
formulation
1
FractionComponent
in %
by
wei ht
2.28 A reaction product of 2 mol of stearic acid, 0.8
mol of behenic acid with
1 mol of aminoethylethanolamine and 1 mol of dimethylamino-
3-aminopropane, quaternized with 1 mol of dimethyl
sulphate according
to DE-A-3 138 181
3.20 A 40%~ strength aqueous polydimethylsiloxane emulsion
having a
viscosit of 10(1,000 mm2/g
17.0 An 18% strength aqueous emulsion of the reaction
product of 2 mol of
stearic acid and 1 mol of trieth lenetetramine
and 2 mol of acetic acid
12.0 An 18% strength aqueous polyethylene wax emulsion,
oxidized, drop
oint 135C, acid number 30 mg of KOH/g
0.22 Preservative Preventol~ D2 (Ba er AG)
20.9 An aqueous emulsion consisting of (in % by weight)
13%~ of a reaction product of 1.9 mol stearic acid
and
1 mol of diethanolamine,
4.5% of an adduct of 1 mol of stearyl alcohol and
50 mol of ethylene oxide,
1.0% of defoamer E IOOC'(Bayer AG)
0.5% of preservative Preventol~ D2 (Bayer AG)
0.1~~ of lactic acid
I.S~~ of an adduct of 1 mol of oleyl alcohol and
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19 mol of ethylene oxide
79.4% of softened water
44.4 Softened water
~
Softener
formulation
2
Fraction Component
in %
b wei ht
13 A reaction product of 2 mol of stearic
acid, 0.8 mol of
behenic acid with 1 mol of aminoethylethanolamine
and
1 mol of dimethylamino-3-aminopropane,
quaternized with 1 mol of dimethyl sulphate
according to
DE-A-3 138 181
26 An 18% strength polyethylene wax emulsion,
oxidized,
dro point 135C, acid number 30 mg of KOH/g
4.8 A 40% strength aqueous emulsion of polydimethylsiloxane
havin a viscosit 100,000 mmZ/s.
1.4 Rilanit~ STS-T (Henkel KGaA)
54.5 Softened water
Softener
formulation
3
Fraction Component
in
% b wei
ht
16 0l ethylene wax, oxidized, acid number
30 m of KOI-1/
4 adduct of 1 mol of Dobanol 23~ (technical
grade C12~13
alcohol) and 10 mol of eth lene oxide
80 com letel ion-free water
Softener
formulation
4
Fraction Component
in
% b wei
ht
15 0l eth lene wax, oxidized, acid number
30 m of KOH/
4 adduct of 1 mol of tallowamine and 2 mol
of ethylene
oxide
0.5 hos horic acid 85% stren th
80.5 completely ion-free water
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Softener
formulation
Fraction Component
in
b wei ht
80 softener formulation 2
5 branched of siloxane/ of ether co of er
1.4 diethanolamine salt of dibutyl phosphate
1 adduct of 1 mol of dodecanol and 10 mol
of ethylene oxide
0.6 scent
12 com letel ion-free water
Softener
formulation
6
Fraction Component
in
% b wei
ht
20 N-form lated aminosilicone
2.5 cocoalk ldimeth lamine oxide
1 adduct of 1 mol of dodecanol and 10 mol
of eth lene oxide
1.25 isobutanol
75.25 com letel ion-free water
Softener
formulation
7
Fraction Component
in
% b wei
ht
7.3 Vestowax~ V 4124 (fr. Hiils)
12.2 hard araffin, meltin oint 108C
4.1 adduct of 1 mol of Dobanol 23~ and 4 mol
of ethylene
oxide
3 C2p-C22 fatty acid mixture condensed with
trieth lenetetramine and 1,6-hexane diisoc
anate
0.6 1 mol of cocoamine with 3 mol of ethylene
oxide
0.8 glacial acetic acid
72 com letel ion-free water
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Softener
formulation
8
Fraction Component
in
% b wei
ht
45 polydimethylsiloxane from the polymerization
of
octameth lc clotetrasiloxane
15 10% of pentadecylsulphonic acid and 90%
of water
1.7 71% Of CR-CSR paraffinsulphonate and 29%
of water
1.5 adduct of 1 mol of dodecanol and 5 mol
of eth lene oxide
0.75 triethanolamine
36.05 Com letel ion-free water
The following textile treatment compositions are used:
Textile treatment composition 1: (inventive)
Fraction Component
in %
b wei ht
60.0 Softener formulation 1
40.0 A 20% stren th a ueous solution of mixture
M I
Textile treatment composition 2: (inventive)
Fraction Component
in %
b wei ht
50.0 Softener formulation 1
50.0 A 20% strength aqueous solution of mixture
M I
Textile treatment composition C1: (Comparison 1)
Fraction Component
in %
b wei ht
100 Softener formulation 1
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Textile treatment composition C2: (Comparison 2)
Fraction Component
in %
b wei ht
11.11 PERSOFTAL~ SK conc. (Bayer AG; distearyl
sul hosuccinate)
88.88 Softened water
Textile treatment composition C3: (Comparison 3)
Fraction Component
in %
b wei ht
100 Softened water
Textile treatment composition C4: (mixture according to JP 09195167 A2)
(Comparison 4)
Fraction Component
in %
b wei ht
4 Chloride salt of 2-hexadecyleicosyl trimethylammonium
acetate
0.5 Emul en~ 120 (from: KAO-Atlas; C -C -ethox
late)
1.5 Eth lene 1 col
94 Softened water
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Textile treatment composition C5: (mixture according to DE-A-196 29 666)
(Comparison 5)
Fraction Component
in
% b wei
ht
100 A
softener
formulation
according
to
DE-A-196
29
666
consisting
of
a
20%
strength
aqueous
dispersion
of
a
mixture
of
(in
%
by
weight)
70%
of
(CI7H35COOCHZCH2)2(HOCHZCHZ)N(CH3)]m~
O-SOZ(OCH3)
20%
of
alkylpolyglucoside
of
the
formula
CH20H
HO
~O
HO
OH O-(CH2~H
1.4
10%
of
glycerol
The table hereinbelow summarizes the properties of cotton tricots 1) after
treatment
with the textile treatment compositions 1, 2, C1, C2, C3, C4 and CS as per the
above-
described pad-mangle process using 20 g of textile treatment composition per 1
of
liquor.
Textile Sewability WhitenessHydrophilicityHand
treatment 70 assessment
compositionNm at 80C in seconds
Number
of
holes
in
substrate
1
1 2 3 4
1 1 0 1 0 144.3 1 2
2 0 0 0 0 145.3 1 2
C1 0 0 0 0 143.6 12 1
C2 6 12 6 2 145.3 immediatel 5
C3 16 32 33 22 145.1 immediatel 7
C4 12 l6 12 6 140.3 3 4
CS 1 2 4 0 1:36.0 2 4
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Textile treatment compositions 3, 4 and 5 (inventive):
Fraction in Textile treatment
% by com osition
weight 3 4 5
50 Softener
formulation
1
50 A 20% strength
aqueous
solution
of
MII MIII MIV
The table hereinbelow summarizes the properties of cotton tricots 1) after
treatment
with the textile treatment compositions 2, 3, 4, 5 and C3.
Textile Sewability HydrophilicityHand
treatment 70 assessment
Nm
Number
of
holes
in
substrate
1
composition1 2 3 4 in seconds
2 0 0 1 0 2 2
3 0 1 2 0 9 1
4 0 0 0 0 1 2
0 1 1 0 36 3
C3 16 41 38 26 immediatel 7
Textile treatment compositions C6 and C7 {Comparison 6 and 7):
FractionTextile treatment composition
in % C6 C7
by
wei
ht
50.0 Softener formulation
1
50.0 A 20% strength aqueous solution of
a mixture M IV' consistinga mixture M I' consisting
of of
56.1% by weight of polyglycerol~ 5.1% by weight of an adduct
of
and 43.9% by weight of 1 mol of oleyl alcohol and
softened 19 mol
water of ethylene oxide and
(unlike mixture LV does n 94.9% by weight of softened
not contai water
adduct of 1 rraol of
oleyl alcohol (unlike
mixture I contains no
and 19 mol of eth lene of alcohol in the formula
oxide) 2(5).
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The tests hereinbelow involving the use of the comparative textile auxiliaries
C6 and
C7 to treat cotton tricots 1) show clearly that specifically the inventive
combination
of a polyalcohol A) and/or B) (here: polyalcohol A) as per the formula 2(5))
and of
component C (here: adduct of 1 mol of oleyl alcohol and 19 mol of ethylene
oxide) is
essential for the simultaneous improvement in hand and hydrophilicity; the
omission
either of the polyalcohol (C7) or the component C) (C6) leads to a distinct
deterioration in either the hydrophilicity (C7) or the hand assessment (C6).
Textile Hydrophilicity Hand assessment
treatment
com osition in seconds
C6 1 4
C7 12 ~
2
Textile treatment composition C8: (Comparison 8)
Fraction Component
in %
b wei ht
100 Softener formulation 2
Textile treatment composition 6: (inventive)
Fraction Component
in %
b wei ht
50.0 Softener formulation 2
50.0 A ?0% strength aqueous solution of
mixture I
The textile treatment compositions 6 and C8 are hereinbelow used for treating
100%
polyester 2).
Textile Hydrophilicity Hand assessment
treatment
com osition in seconds
C8 > 60 1
6 0 1
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The textile treatment compositions of the invention are stored for 10 hours at
-4°C.
After thawing, the thawed formulations are examined for the presence of solid
fractions.
Textile treatment Solid fractions
composition
inventive or com
arative
I no
2 no
3 no
4 no
6 no
C1 es
C2 es
C'.3 es
C4 es
CS es
C6 no
C7 es
C8 es
Textile treatment composition 7 (inventive):
Fraction Component
in
% b wei
ht
50 softener formulation 3
50 a 20% a ueous solution of mixture I
Textile treatment composition 8 (inventive):
Fraction Component
in
% b wei
ht
50 softener formulation 4
50 a ?0% a ueous solution of mixture I
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Textile treatment composition 9 (inventive):
Fraction Component
in
% b wei
ht
50 softener formulation 5
50 a 20% a ueous solution of mixture I
Textile treatment composition 10 (inventive):
Fraction Component
in
% b wei
ht
50 softener formulation C~
50 a 20% a ueous solution of mixture I
Textile treatment composition 11 (inventive):
Fraction Component
in
b wei ht
50 softener formulation 7
50 a 20% a ueous solution of mixture I
Textile treatment composition 12 (inventive):
Fraction Component
in
b wei ht
50 softener formulation 8
50 a 20% aqueous solution of mixture I
The textile treatment compositions are used on cotton tricot 1). The textile
treatment
compositions are likewise stored at -4°C for 10 h and tested for the
presence of solid
fractions as described.
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The following results are obtained:
Textile treatmentSolid fractionsHydrophilicity in
com osition seconds
7 no 0
8 no 0
9 no 0
no 0
11 no 0
12 no 0
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