Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
CA 02359491 2004-06-25
29374-385
1
Mixture of plant treatment compositions with waxes, their
preparation, and their use.
Plant treatment compositions are combinations of acti-,Te
substance or active substances and adjuvants such as, for
example, solvents or emulsifiers, which allow an applicati"n
in the form of an aqueous phase. To improve efficacy, they
may comprise additions such as oily hydrocarbons cr
emulsifier systems (for example ~N'0 97/47199). the addition
of waxes in combination with fatty acid derivatives, other
constituents or microencapsulation has also beer_ proposed,
for example WO 95/34200, DE-A-3 334 198, WO 97/27932. Pz:oof
of an improved activity in biotests was not provided.
There is therefore a demand for additions for plant
treatment compositions which modify the action of the
latter, in particular from the aspect of a reduced release
of substances into the environment.
The present invention modifies plant treatment composition:
in such a way that they exhibit their entire action withouv
hazardous substances being introduced ir_to the er,_virorlment .
Surprisingly, it has now been four:d that mixtures of x:lant
treatment compositions with one or more waxes ha~,~e
considerable advantages over the products which do not
comprise waxes.
The invention therefore relates to mixtures of plant
treatment compositions with one or more waxes, these waxes
being characterized by an acid number of 0-200 and a
viscosity of 5 mPas (at 100°C) to 30,000 mPas ;at 140°C.).
In one aspect, the invention provides a mixture of a plant
treatment composition comprising an active substance and at
CA 02359491 2005-12-05
29374-385
la
least one wax, wherein the wax has an acid number of 5-150
and a viscosity of 5-300 mPas at 100°C.
If desired, the following can be realized with these
mixtures of plant treatment compositions with waxes:
~ reduced volatility of active substances
reduced toxicity to the user
' CA 02359491 2001-07-18
2
~ reduced phytotoxic effects of the active substances or the
formulation
~ increased reliability of action
. ~ increased rain fastness of the film
~ slow release of the active substance
~ protection from evaporation in the case of low-volume (or ultra low
volume) application.
Depending on the desired effect, this allows the amounts of active
substance to be reduced or the spray intervals to be extended or the
number of treatments to be reduced or the phytotoxic effects to be
reduced in favor of the desired action.
Well suited mixtures are those in which the waxes have an acid number of
0-150, in particular 5-150, and a viscosity of 5 mPas (at 100°C) to
2000
mPas (at 170 °C), in particular from 5 to 300 mPas (at 100°C).
Very particularly preferred mixtures are those in which the waxes have an
acid number of 15 - 60 and a viscosity of 150 - 5000 mPas (at 140°C).
In general, the mixtures comprise 0.01 to 95, preferably 1 to 95% by weight
of wax and 5 to 99.99, preferably 5 to 99% by weight of plant treatment
composition.
Plant treatment compositions are to be understood as meaning all active
substances and their formulations which are employed as insecticides,
fungicides, herbicides and seed treatments. The following may be
mentioned individually:
1. from the group of the phosphorus compounds
acephate, azamethiphos, azinphos-ethyl, azinphosmethyl, bromophos,
bromophos-ethyl, cadusafos (F-67825), chlorethoxyphos, chlorfenvinphos,
chlormephos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, demeton,
demeton-S-methyl, demeton-S-methyl sulfone, dialifos, diazinon,
dichlorphos, dimethoate, disulfoton, EPN, ethion, ethoprophos, etrimfos,
famphur, fenamiphos, fenitrothion, fensulfothion, fenthion, fonofos,
formothion, fosthiazate (ASC-66824) heptenophos, isozophos, isothioate,
isoxathion, malathion, methacrifos, methamidophos, methidathion,
', ' CA 02359491 2001-07-18
3
salithion, mevinphos, monocrotophos, naled, omethoate, oxydemeton-
methyl, parathion, parathion-methyl, phenthoate, phorate, phosalone,
phosfolan, phosphocarb (BAS-301 ), phosmet, phosphamidon, phoxim,
pirimiphos, pirimiphos-ethyl, pirimiphos-methyl, profenofos, propaphos,
proetamphos, prothiofos, pyraclofos, pyridaphenthion, quinalphos,
sulprofos, temephos, terbufos, tebupirimfos, tetrachlorvinphos,
thiodemeton, triazophos, trichlorphon, vamidothion;
2. from the group of the carbamates
alanycarb (OK-135), aldicarb, 2-sec-butylphenyl methylcarbamate
(BPMC), carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, cloethocarb, benfuracarb,
ethiofencarb, furathiocarb, HCN-801, isoprocarb, methomyl, 5-methyl-m-
cumenylbutyryl (methyl)carbamate, oxamyl, pirimicarb, propoxur,
thiodicarb, thiofanox, 1-methylthio(ethylideneamino)-N-methyl-N-
(morpholinothio)carbamate (UC 51717), triazamate
3. from the group of the carboxylic esters
acrinathrin, allethrin, alphametrin, beta-cypermethrin, 5-benzyl
3-furylmethyl (E), (1 R)-cis-2,2-di-methyl-3-(2-oxothiolan-3-ylidenemethyl)
cyclopropanecarboxylate, beta-cyfluthrin, beta-cypermethrin, bioallethrin,
bioallethrin ((S)-cyclopentyl isomer), bioresmethrin, bifenthrin, (RS)-
1-cyano-1-(6-phenoxy-2-pyridyl)methyl (1 RS)-trans-3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-
2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate (NCI 85193), cycloprothrin,
cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, cythrin, cypermethrin, cyphenothrin, deltamethrin,
empenthrin, esfenvalerate, fenfluthrin, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate,
flucythrinate, flumethrin, fluvalinate ((D) isomer), imiprothrin (S-41311 ),
lambda-cyhalothrin, permethrin, phenothrin ((R) isomer), prallethrin,
pyrethrins (natural materials), resmethrin, tefluthrin, tetramethrin, theta
cypermethrin (TD-2344), tralomethrin, transfluthrin, zeta-cypermethrin
(F-56701 );
4. from the group of the amidines
amitraz, chlordimeform;
5. from the group of the tin compounds
cyhexatin, fenbutatin oxide;
', ~ CA 02359491 2001-07-18
4
6. others
abamectin, ABG-9008, acetamiprid, Anagrapha falcitera, AKD-1022, AKD-
3059, ANS-118, Bacillus thuringiensis, Beauveria bassiana, bensultap,
bifenazate (D-2341 ), binapacryl, BJL-932, bromopropylate, BTG-504,
BTG-505, buprofezin, camphechlor, cartap, chlorobenzilate, chlorfenapyr,
chlorfluazuron, 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,5-diphenylthiophene (UBI-T 930),
chlorfentezine, chromafenozide (ANS-118), CG-216, CG-217, CG-234,
A-184699, 2-naphthylmethyl cyclopropanecarboxylate (Rol2-04770),
cyromazin, diacloden (thiamethoxam), diafenthiuron, ethyl N-(3,5-dichloro-
4-(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoro-1-propyloxy)phenyl)carbamoyl)-2-chlorobenzo-
carboximidate, DDT, dicofol, diflubenzuron, N-(2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-1,3-
thiazol-2-ylidene)-2,4-xylidine, dinobuton, dinocap, diofenolan, DPX-062,
emamectin benzoate (MK-244), endosulfan, ethiprole (sulfethiprole),
ethofenprox, etoxazole (YI-5301 ), fenazaquin, fenoxycarb, fipronil,
fluazuron, flumite (flufenzine, SZI-121 ), 2-fluoro-5-(4-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-4-
methyl-1-pentyl)diphenyl ether (MTI 800), granulosis and nuclear
polyhedrosis viruses, fenpyroximate, fenthiocarb, flubenzimine,
flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, flufenprox (ICI-A5683), fluproxyfen, gamma-
HCH, halofenozide (RH-0345), halofenprox (MTI-732), hexaflumuron
(DE 473), hexythiazox, HOI-9004, hydramethylnon (AC 217300),
lufenuron, imidacloprid, indoxacarb (DPX-MP062), kanemite (AKD-2023),
M-20, MTI-446, ivermectin, M-020, methoxyfenozide (Intrepid, RH-2485),
milbemectin, NC-196, Neemgard, nitenpyram (TI-304), 2-nitromethyl-4,5-
dihydro-6H-thiazine (DS 52618), 2-nitromethyl-3,4-dihydrothiazole (SD
35651 ), 2-nitromethylene-1,2-thiazinan-3-ylcarbamaldehyde (W L108477),
pyriproxyfen (S-71639), NC-196, NC-1111, NNI-9768, novaluron (MCW-
275), OK-9701, OK-9601, OK-9602, propargite, pymetrozine, pyridaben,
pyrimidifen (SU-8801 ), RH-0345, RH-2485, RYI-210, S-1283, S-1833,
SB7242, SI-8601, silafluorfen, silomadine (CG-177), spinosad, SU-9118,
tebufenozide, tebufenpyrad (MK-239), teflubenzuron, Tetradifon, tetrasul,
thiacloprid, thiocyclam, TI-435, tolfenpyrad (OMI-88), triazamate (RH-
7988), triflumuron, verbutin, vertalec (Mykotal), YI-5301;
Fungicides which are known from the literature and which can be combined
in accordance with the invention with waxes are, for example, the following
products:
aldimorph, andoprim, anilazine, azoxystrobin, azaconazole, BAS 450F,
benalaxyl, benodanil, benomyl, bethoxazin, binapacryl, bion
CA 02359491 2001-07-18
(CGA-245704), bitertanol, bromuconazole, buthiobate, captafol, captan,
carbendazim, carboxin, carpropamide, CGA 173506, cymoxanil,
cyprodinil, cyprofuram, diflumetorim, dichlofluanid, dichlomezin,
diclobutrazol, diclocymet (S-2900), diclomezine, diethofencarb,
5 difenoconazol (CGA 169374), difluconazole, dimethirimol, dimethomorph,
diniconazole, dinocap, dithianon, dodemorph, dodine, edifenfos,
epoxiconazole, ethirimol, etridiazol, famoxadone, (DPX-JE874), fenarimol,
fenbuconazole, fenfuram, fenhexamid, fenpiclonil, fenpropidin,
fenpropimorph, fentin acetate, fentin hydroxide, ferimzone (TF164),
fluazinam, fluobenzimine, fludioxonil, flumetover (RPA-403397),
fluquinconazole, fluorimide, flusilazole, flusulfamide, flutolanil,
flutriafol,
folpet, fosetyl-aluminum, fuberidazole, furalaxyl, furconazol, furametpyr
(S-82658), furmecyclox, guazatine, hexaconazole, imazalil,
imibenconazole, ipconazole, iprobenfos, iprodione, Isoprothiolane,
KNF-317, kresoxim-methyl (BAS-490F), copper compounds such as
copper oxichloride, oxine-copper, copper oxide, mancozeb, maneb,
mepanipyrim (KIF 3535), mepronil, metalaxyl, metalaxyl-M (CGA-329351),
metconazole, methasulfocarb, methfuroxam, metominofen (SSF-126),
metominostrobin (fenominostrobin, SSF-126), MON 24000, MON-6550,
MON-41100, myclobutanil, nabam, nitrothalisopropyl, nuarimol, ofurace,
OK-9601, OK-9603, oxadixyl, oxycarboxin, paclobutrazol, penconazole,
pencycuron, PP 969, polyoxins, probenazole, propineb, prochloraz,
procymidon, propamocarb, propiconazole, prothiocarb, pyracarbolid,
pyrazophos, pyrifenox, pyrimethanil, pyroquilon, quinoxyfen (DE-795),
rabenzazole, RH-7592, RH-7281, sulfur, spiroxamine, SSF-109,
tebuconazole, tetraconazole, TTF 167, thiabendazole, thicyofen,
thifluzamide (RH-130753), thiofanate-methyl, thiram, TM-402, tolclofos-
methyl, tolylfluanid, triadimefon, triadimenol, triazoxide, trichoderma
harzianum(DHF-471 ), tricyclazole, tridemorph, triforine, triflumizole (UCC-
A815), triticonazole, uniconazole, validamycin, vinchlozolin, XRD 563,
zineb, sodium dodecyl sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium
C13/C15-alcohol ether sulfonate, sodium cetostearyl phosphate ester,
sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate, sodium isopropylnaphthalenesulfonate,
sodium methylenebisnaphthalenesulfonate, cetyltrimethylammonium
chloride, salts of long-chain primary, secondary or tertiary amines,
alkylpropyleneamine, laurylpyrimidinium bromide, ethoxylated quaternized
fatty amines, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride and 1-hydroxyethyl-
2-alkylimidazolin.
' CA 02359491 2001-07-18
6
The abovementioned components in combinations are known active
substances, most of which are described in C.D.S. Tomlin, S.B. Walker,
The Pesticide Manual, 11th Edition (1997), British Crop Protection Council.
Substances which can be employed as components in combination with
the waxes are, for example, known active substances as they are
described in Weed Research 26, 441-445 (1986), or "The Pesticide
Manual", 10th edition, The British Crop Protection Council and the Royal
Soc. of Chemistry, 1994 and the literature cited therein. Herbicides which
are known from the literature and which can be combined with the waxes
are the following active substances (note: either the common name of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) or the chemical
names of the compounds are given, if appropriate together with the
customary code number):
acetochlor; acifluorfen; aclonifen; AKH 7088, i.e. [[[1-[5-[2-chloro-
4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrophenyl]-2-methoxyethylidene]amino]-
oxy)acetic acid and its methyl ester; alachlor; alloxydim; ametryn;
amidosulfuron; amitrole; AMS, i.e. ammonium sulfamate; anilofos; asulam;
atrazine; azimsulfurone (DPX-A8947); aziprotryn; barbane; BAS 516 H,
i.e. 5-fluoro-2-phenyl-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one; benazolin; benfluralin;
benfuresate; bensulfuron-methyl; bensulide; bentazone; benzofenap;
benzofluor; benzoylprop-ethyl; benzthiazuron; bialaphos; bifenox;
bromacil; bromobutide; bromofenoxim; bromoxynil; bromuron; buminafos;
busoxinone; butachlor; butamifos; butenachlor; buthidazole; butralin;
butylate; cafenstrole (CH-900); carbetamide; cafentrazone (ICI-A0051 );
CDAA, i.e. 2-chloro-N,N-di-2-propenylacetamide; CDEC, i.e.. 2-chloroallyl
diethyldithiocarbamate; chlomethoxyfen; chloramben; chlorazifop-butyl,
chlormesulon (ICI-A0051 ); chlorbromuron; chlorbufam; chlorfenac;
chlorflurecol-methyl; chloridazon; chlorimuron-ethyl; chlornitrofen;
chlorotoluron; chloroxuron; chlorpropham; chlorsulfuron; chlorthal-
dimethyl; clethodim; clodinafop and its ester derivatives (for example
clodinafop-propargyl); clomazone; clomeprop; cloproxydim; clopyralid;
cumyluron (JC 940); cyanazine; cycloate; cyclosulfamuron (AC 104);
cycloxydim; cycluron; cyhalofop and its ester derivatives (for example the
butyl ester, DEH-112); cyperquat; cyprazine; cyprazole; daimuron; 2,4-DB;
dalapon; desmedipham; desmetryn; di-allate; dicamba; dichlobenil;
dichlorprop; diclofop and its esters such as diclofop-methyl; diethatyl;
difenoxuron; difenzoquat; diflufenican; dimefuron; dimethachlor;
', ' CA 02359491 2001-07-18
_ 7
dimethametryn; dimethenamid (SAN-582H); dimethazone; clomazon;
dimethipin; dimetrasulfuron; dinitramine; dinoseb; dinoterb; diphenamid;
dipropetryn; diquat; dithiopyr; diuron; DNOC; eglinazine-ethyl; EL 77, i.e.
5-cyano-1-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N-methyl-1 H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide;
endothal; EPTC; esprocarb; ethalfluralin; ethametsulfuron-methyl;
ethidimuron; ethiozin; ethofumesate; F5231, i.e.. N-[2-chloro-4-fluoro-
5-[4-(3-fluoropropyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-oxo-1 H-tetrazol-1-yl]-phenyl]-ethane-
sulfonamide; ethoxyfen and its esters (for example the ethyl ester, HN-
252); etobenzanid (HW 52); fenoprop; fenoxan, fenoxaprop and
fenoxaprop-P and their esters, for example fenoxaprop-P-ethyl and
fenoxaprop-ethyl; fenoxydim; fenuron; flamprop-methyl; flazasulfuron;
fluazifop and fluazifop-P and their esters, for example fluazifop-butyl and
fluazifop-P-butyl; fluchloralin; flumetsulam; flumeturon; flumiclorac and its
esters (for example the pentyl ester, S-23031 ); flumioxazin (S-482);
flumipropyn; flupoxam (KNW-739); fluorodifen; fluoroglycofen-ethyl;
flupropacil CUBIC-4243); fluridone; flurochloridone; fluroxypyr; flurtamone;
fomesafen; fosamine; furyloxyfen; glufosinate; glyphosate; halosafen;
halosulfuron and its esters (for example the methyl ester, NC-319);
haloxyfop and its esters; haloxyfop-P (= R-haloxyfop) and its esters;
hexazinone; imazamethabenz-methyl; imazapyr; imazaquin and salts,
such as the ammonium salt; imazethamethapyr; imazethapyr;
imazosulfuron; ioxynil; isocarbamid; isopropalin; isoproturon; isouron;
isoxaben; isoxapyrifop; karbutilate; lactofen; lenacil; linuron; MCPA;
MCPB; mecoprop; mefenacet; mefluidid; metamitron; metazachlor;
methabenzthiazuron; metham; methazole; methoxyphenone;
methyldymron; metabenzuron; methobenzuron; metobromuron;
metolachlor; metosulam (XRD 511 ); metoxuron; metribuzin; metsulfuron-
methyl; MH; molinate; monalide; monocarbamide dihydrogensulfate;
monolinuron; monuron; MT 128, i.e. 6-chloro-N-(3-chloro-2-propenyl)-
5-methyl-N-phenyl-3-pyridazinamin; MT 5950, i.e. N-[3-chloro-
4-(1-methylethyl)phenyl]-2-methylpentanamide; ~ naproanilide;
napropamide; naptalam; NC 310, i.e. 4-(2,4-dichlorobenzoyl)-1-methyl-
5-benzyloxypyrazole; neburon; nicosulfuron; nipyraclophen; nitralin;
nitrofen; nitrofluorfen; norflurazon; orbencarb; oryzalin; oxadiargyl (RP-
020630); oxadiazon; oxyfluorfen; paraquat; pebulate; pendimethalin;
perfluidone; phenisopham; phenmedipham; picloram; piperophos;
piributicarb; pirifenop-butyl; pretilachlor; primisulfuron-methyl; procyazine;
prodiamine; profluralin; proglinazine-ethyl; prometon; prometryn;
propachlor; propanil; propaquizafop and its esters; propazine; propham;
'. ~ CA 02359491 2001-07-18
'. 8
propisochlor; propyzamide; prosulfalin; prosulfocarb; prosulfuron (CGA-
152005); prynachlor; pyrazolynate; pyrazon; pyrazosulfuron-ethyl;
pyrazoxyfen; pyridate; pyrithiobac (KIH-2031); pyroxofop and its esters (for
example the propargyl ester); quinclorac; quinmerac; quinofop and its
ester derivatives, quizalofop and quizalofop-P and their ester derivatives,
for example quizalofop-ethyl; quizalofop-P-tefuryl and -ethyl; renriduron;
rimsulfuron (DPX-E 9636); S 275, i.e. 2-[4-chloro-2-fluoro-
5-(2-propynyloxy)phenyl]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-indazol; secbumeton;
sethoxydim; siduron; simazine; simetryn; SN 106279, i.e. 2-[[7-[2-chloro-
4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-naphthalenyl]oxy]propanoic acid and its
methyl ester; sulfentrazon (FMC-97285, F-6285); sulfazuron;
sulfometuron-methyl; sulfosate (ICI-A0224); TCA; tebutam (GCP-5544);
tebuthiuron; terbacil; terbucarb; terbuchlor; terbumeton; terbuthylazine;
terbutryn; TFH 450; i.e. N,N-diethyl-3-[(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]-
1 H-1,2,4-triazole-1-carboxamide; thenylchlor (NSK-850); thiazafluron;
thiazopyr (Mon-13200); thidiazimin (SN-24085); thifensulfuron-methyl;
thiobencarb; tiocarbazil; tralkoxydim; tri-allate; triasulfuron;
triazofenamide;
tribenuron-methyl; triclopyr; tridiphane; trietazine; trifluralin;
triflusulfuron
and its esters (for example the methyl ester, DPX-66037); trimeturon;
tsitodef; vernolate; WL 110547, i.e. 5-phenoxy-1-[3-
(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1 H-tetrazole; UBH-509; D-489; LS 82-556; KPP-
300; NC-324; NC-330; KH-218; DPX-N8189; SC-0774; DOWCO-535; DK-
8910; V-53482; PP-600; MBH-001; KIH-9201; ET-751; KIH-6127 and KIH-
2023.
Waxes are known materials of natural or synthetic origin as they are
described, for example, in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry
Vol. A 28, 103. They constitute chemical substance mixtures which are
usually defined by, for example, their viscosity and acid number. Pure
hydrocarbon waxes do not contain functional groups and therefore have
an acid number of 0. Their viscosity range can be between 5 mPas (at
100°C) and 30,000 mPas (at 140°C).
Preferred waxes are those which have an acid number of 0 - 150 and a
viscosity of between 5 mPas and 2000 mPas (at 170°C) Examples which
may be mentioned are: polyethylene waxes (homo- or copolymers), which
are prepared by the Ziegler-method or the high-pressure method, or
polypropylene waxes (synthesis or degradation product).
' CA 02359491 2001-07-18
9
Particularly preferred waxes are those which, owing to their acid number of
y 5 - 150, have carboxyl groups and, if appropriate, other polar functional
groups and which have viscosities of 5 mPas - 2000 mPas (at 170 °C).
Very particularly preferred waxes are those whose acid number is 5 - 150
and whose viscosity is 5 - 300 mPas or those whose acid number is
- 60 and whose viscosity is 150 (at 100°C) - 5000 mPas (at
120°C).
Examples which may be mentioned are: montan wax acids, their soaps of
10 mono- and polyvalent cations, and montan wax esters of mono- and
polyhydric alcohols, carnauba wax, candelilla wax, sugar cane wax, peat
wax and hydrocarbon compounds which have been oxidized or grafted by
a variety of processes.
15 The invention furthermore relates to methods for the preparation of the
abovementioned mixtures. The ground wax, which has a particle size of
less than 100 Nm and a d50 value (d50 = median of the particle size
distribution) of 5 - 30,um is mixed with the active substance in suitable
form and the mixture is incorporated into a suitable formulation. A
preferred process consists in coating the active substance with the wax in
solid form, if appropriate ground or finely ground with particle size
distribution in the region of < 40 ,um and d50 values of 3 - 15 ,um, or with
the melt, with the aid of a mixer and converting this material into a
formulation which can be applied, as is customary for the pure active
substance.
However, the active substance may also be coated with wax by means of
dispersing in a wax dispersion, where the finely divided wax precipitates
onto the active substance by adding suitable adjuvants (such as, for
example, CaCl2 solution, dilute acids).
Another preferred process for the preparation of the mixtures consists in
treating formulated plant treatment compositions, for example an EC
(emulsifiable concentrate) with a wax or adding the desired amount of wax
by adding a compatible wax dispersion, and, if appropriate, producing a
stable preparation by means of heating.
293?4-385
CA 02359491 2004-06-25
A particularly preferred process for the preparation of the mixtures
according to the invention consists in first preparing a ready to-use spray
mixture of the plant treatment compositions in water and then adding the
desired amount of a wax dispersion. The sequence of the addition can be
5 varied, and, if appropriate, it may be necessary to predilute the wax
dispersion and/or the formulated plant treatment composition so as to
avoid flocculation.
The use concentrations of the plant treatment compositions are
10 predetermined by the activity of the active substance and its approved
application rate. The added amounts of wax, termed solids, may be varied
within wide limits. They depend on the active substance of the plant
treatment composition and, on the nature of the desired effect. They are
within a range of 5 g/ha to 4 kg/ha of wax, with 5 g/ha to 1 kg/ha of wax
being preferred and 10 g/ha to 0.5 kg/ha of wax being particularly
preferred.
The invention furthermore relates to the use of the mixtures according. to
the invention as plant treatment compositions.
Examples:
Example 1
In an IKA laboratory kneader (v = 500 mi) 65 g of Gol~ix~' vt~ 9c ars mix
for 1 hour with 11.5 g of ~Hostalub WE 4 at a temperature of 90°C.
During
this time, the wax absorbs the active substance. An analogous treatment
was given to, for example, endosulfan.
Example 2
The active substance is dispersed or emulsified in water as fine particles.
The wax dispersion is added, and the dispersion is coagulated by
changing the pH. Wax and active substance are bound to one another in
the coagulate. When the procedure is carried out under controlled
conditions, the particle size can be adjusted. Otherwise, the material is
subjected to wet grinding, formulating and drying.
This process can be employed when the active substance is not highly
sensitive to water and alkalis/acids. If the active substance is basic,
precipitation can be provoked directly by adding a cationic dispersion. If
29374-385
CA 02359491 2004-06-25
11
the active Substance is aCldl(:, pieC:ipiiaiivi ~ i;ai ii be pr ovokcd vviti i
a~~i i
anionic dispersion. '
The quantity of wax and active substance can be matched to each other
as desired if the precipitation conditions can be provoked.
To adjust redispersibility, the dried product must still undergo formulation.
In this manner, for example, Goltix VM 90 was coated from dispersion 04
with 5, 10, 15 and 20% by weight of wax.
Example 3
5 g of montanic acid polyglycol ester are dissolved in 95 g of ~Corbel (EC)
with gentle warming. The resulting combination is to be brought with water
to the required use concentration, as usual.
.,
Example 4
15.0 g of montan wax acids (AN = 140) + 4.5 g of sapogenatT"" z 50~~ are
molten at 105°C. The melt is poured into 58.5 g of boiling drinking
water in
a thin stream, with stirring. Then, 22.0 g of cold ~Thiodan 35 are added.
The mixture is boiled up and rapidly cooled in a water-bath, with stirring.
The resulting wax-comprising dispersion, employed at the usual
application rate, showed a markedly improved long-term action against
Heliothis virescens larvae on cotton compared with Thiodan 35.
Analogously, montan wax acids can be incorporated into ~Desgan or
OErestan.
Example 5
First, the ready-to-use spray mixture of the plant treatment composition is
prepared in a suitable amount of water, and then such an amount of
dispersion 02 as is required for achieving the desired effect is added, the
dispersion 02 being obtained as follows:, 29.2 g of "wax LP" and 5.80 g of
Sapogenat T 500 are melted at 105°C and, with stirring, poured
into
boiling drinking water. The mixture is boiled up and cooled in a water-bath,
with stirring.
Example 6
In a drum, 100 g of wheat which has been dressed in the known manner
with ~Landor are treated with 3 g of the dispersion 02, which had been
adjusted to a solids content of 10% by dilution with water, mixing is then
~
CA 02359491 2001-07-18
12
continued for 10 minutes, and the mixture is allowed to dry. The thickness
of the wax coating produced on the wheat kernel is approx. 3 Nm.
~ Example 7
~Corbel with and without added wax dispersion is applied to a PE film,
allowed to dry, and the decrease in the content of the active substance
fenpropimorph is monitored by FTIR spectroscopy. For example, the
combinations with the dispersions 01 and 02 show a markedly reduced
volatility of fenpropimorph; while 50% of active substance were still
detected after 4 days (23°C, atmospheric humidity 60%) without wax,
85 and 83% of active substance are still present when (1 kg of wax per ha)
are added as dispersion 01 and dispersion 02, respectively.
Example 8
The dispersion 04 is diluted to almost the desired end concentration of the
wax (0.5 kg of wax per hectare) in the spray mixture, plant treatment
composition which has also been diluted with water is added, with stirring,
and the mixture is finally diluted to the end concentration. When ~Folicur
or ~Corbel were used and the mixture was applied to wheat, a markedly
reduced phytotoxicity was observed, in particular at higher fungicide
concentrations.
Example 9 (herbicide experiment)
~Basta and ~Roundup were used alone and in combination with waxes on
non-resistant maize (site: Wolfsthal, Austria). A markedly improved initial
action of Roundup against dicots is achieved by adding, for example,
dispersions 01, 02, 03. In the case of both herbicides, a markedly improved
long-term action is achieved by adding, for example, dispersions 01, 02 or
03.
Example 10 (fungicide experiment)
Winter wheat (variety Monopol, site: Altenlengbuch, Austria), was treated
once (5th May 1998) at stage 31-32 with the recommended application
rates of the fungicides ~Amistar or ~Juwel, with or without addition of wax
(1 kg/ha) and compared with untreated plots, and the disease level of
Erysiphe graminis was scored. On the 15th June, the combination of
Amistar or Juwel and dispersion 02, for example, showed no symptoms
of mildew disease; untreated showed a disease level of 10%, Amistar 8%
' ~ CA 02359491 2001-07-18
' 13
and Juwel 7%. The low disease levels achieved with the wax combinations
were not even achieved by two treatments with Amistar or Juwel.
Example 11
Control of Phytophthora infestans in potatoes (variety: Quarta, outdoor
conditions)
A combination of ~Shirlane and the respective wax dispersion is prepared
analogously to Example 5 and applied as usual. The number of spray
treatments and the spray intervals was decided by the regional institute for
agronomy. Weather and other parameters which allow infection constitute
reasons for carrying out a spray treatment. ~Shirlane was very effective.
At the time of haulm wilting, a disease level of 30% was found.
Combinatiions of Shirlane with the wax emulsions 01, 02, 03 which were
applied at the same spray timing showed an improved action resulting in a
Phytophthora disease level which was up to 50% lower. A lower disease
level did not produce a significant difference between the individual wax
dispersions. However, the consistency of the effect is notable. The strips
treated with wax emulsions had a healthier appearance until the time when
the haulm was destroyed with a mechanical beater, while the crop in toto
showed earlier wilting.
Example 12
Experiments with ~Juwel, ~Opus Top and ~Bion with and without wax
were set up on winter wheat (variety Monopol, site: Paar, Germany) and
evaluated analogously to Example 10. The combination of the fungicides
with, for example, dispersion 02 (1 kg/ha wax) reduced the Erysiphe
graminis and Septoria nodorum disease levels markedly compared with
the fungicides ~Juwel and ~Opus Top alone. When the wax mixtures
were used, the yields were up to 40% higher compared with the untreated
control and up to 32% higher compared with the fungicide treatment
without wax.
Example 13
Dispersion 01
At approximately 105°C, melt 25 g of montan wax ester + 5 g of
"wax
emulgator 4106", and portionwise stir 69.9 g of boiling drinking water into
the melt. Boil up the emulsion and then rapidly cool to room temperature in
29374-385
CA 02359491 2004-06-25
14
a water-bath. Add 0.1 g of preservative SANIPROTT"" 94-08* and make up the
water which has evaporated.
'Supplier: SANITIZED AG
Example 14
Dispersion 02
At approximately 105°C, melt 25 g of montan wax ester + 5 g of
Sapogenat
T 500, and portionwise stir 69.9 g of boiling drinking water into the melt.
Briefly boil up the emulsion and then rapidly cool to room temperature in a
water-bath. Add 0.1 g of preservative SANIPROT 94-OS and make up the
water which has evaporated.
Example 15
Dispersion 03
s
At approximately 105°C, melt 25 g of montan wax ester, bring 45 g of
demineralized water to the. boil and stir portionwise into the molten wax.
Briefly boil up the emulsion, switch off the heating and then stir 29.9 g of
cold demineralized water into the mixture and rapidly cool the emulsion to
room temperature in a water-bath. Add 0.1 g of preservative SANIPROT
94-08 and make up the water which has evaporated.
Example 16
Dispersion 04
At approximately 110-115°C, melt 20 g of montan wax ester + 5 g of
"EmulgatorT"" S 3267/3", add 0.6 g of glacial acetic acid, and
smartly stir the melt into 74.3 g of boiling drinking water.
Briefly boil up the emulsion and then rapidly cool to room
temperature in a water-bath. Add 0.1 g of preservative
SANIPROT 94-08 and make up the water which has evaporated.
Example 17
Dispersion 05
At approximately 105°C, melt 25 g of montan wax ester + 5 g of "wax
emulgator 4106°, and portionwise stir 69.9 g of boiling drinking water
into
the melt. Briefly boil up the emulsion and then rapidly cool to room
29374-385
CA 02359491 2004-06-25
torr;pcratyra in a wa_tPr-hath, Add 01 g of preservative SANIPROT 94-G8
and make up the water which has evaporated.
Example 18
5 Dispersion 06
A 1-liter autoclave is charged with 320 g of wax oxidate of AN 17; 60 g of
GenapolT"" T 250; 20 g GenapolT"" T 500 and 2 g of sodium sulfite
together with 597 g of drinking water. Within 30 minutes, tine
10 internal temperature of the autoclave is brought to 140-145°C:
while stirring with an anchor mixer. The mixture is then
emulsified for 20 min at the same temperature and the same
stirring speed and subsequently cooled to approximately 30°C in.
the course of 40 min. 1 g of preservative SANIPROT 94-08 is
15 stirred into the cold dispersion.
Example 19
Dispersion 07
Part I
A 1-liter autoclave is charged with 273 g of wax oxidate of AN 25; 68 g of
emulsifier Synperonic'~' 13/12*; 2 g of sodium pyrosulfite (=Na2Sz05)
and 7 g of potassium hydroxide purity 860 (= caustic potash)
together with 649 g of demineralized water. Within 30 minutes,
the internal temperature of the autoclave is brought to 130°C
while stirring with an anchor mixer. The mixture is then
emulsified for 20 minutes at the same temperature and the same
stirring speed and subsequently cooled to approximately 30°C :in
the course of 40 minutes. 1 g of preservative SANIPROT 94-08 is
stirred into the cold dispersion.
*Supplier: ICI, Essen
Part II
33.7 g of the dispersion prepared in part I are diluted with 33.5 g of
drinking
water, and 32.8 g of dispersion 03 are then added and the mixture is
stirred. The solids content of the mixture is 20%.
Example 20
Dispersion 08
. ' CA 02359491 2001-07-18
16
Part I
At approximately 110-115°C, 24.4 g of montan wax and 4.9 g of "wax
emulgator 4106" are melted. The melt is saponified with 43% strength
potassium hydroxide solution. The saponified melt is stirred as a thin
stream into 69.2 g of boiling demineralized water, with mechanical stirring,
briefly boiled up and rapidly cooled in a water-bath. The emulsion is
stabilized with 0.1 g of preservative SANIPROT 94-08, and the lost water is
made up.
Part II
38.7 g of the dispersion made as in part I is diluted with 27.7 g of drinking
water, and 33.6 g of dispersion 03 are then added and the mixture is
stirred. The solids content of the mixture is 20%.
