Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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Article 34 Amendment
Antiperspirant Stick
This invention relates to an antiperspirant stick of the water-free or
substantially water-free type in which the perspiration-inhibiting agents
(perspiration inhibitors) are dispersed in a carrier consisting of a liquid
nonpolar carrier material, solidifying fatty or wax components and
surfactants.
There are various commercially available cosmetic preparations for
inhibiting perspiration and for controlling body odor. Among these various
preparations, sticks are particularly popular because they are simple and
convenient to handle. The gel base of stick preparations is expected on
the one hand to have a certain hardness and dimensional stability but, on
the other hand, to be able to be rubbed onto the skin under light pressure.
These consistency properties can be achieved, for example, by
aqueous/alcoholic or aqueouslglycolic preparations solidified with soaps to
form a gel. Corresponding sticks have the disadvantage that acidic
aluminium salts, for example aluminium chlorohydrate, cannot be made up
into such soap gel sticks.
For this reason, so-called water-free dispersion sticks have acquired
particular significance. Sticks of this type consist of a dispersion of fine-
particle astringent aluminium or zirconium salts in a nonpolar carrier liquid
solidified by gel formers or wax-like fatty components. Suitable nonpolar
carrier liquids are, for example, hydrocarbons or silicone oils, preferably
those with boiling points below 200°C or with a certain volatility, for
example cyclic siloxanes (cyclomethicone) and mixtures thereof with skin-
softening oil components.
Water-free dispersion sticks of the type in question occasionally
have the disadvantage that the onset of the perspiration-inhibiting effect of
the astringent salts is not sufficiently quick or intensive.
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The stick composition has already been hydrophilicized by the
addition of surfactants which also improves the removal of residues from
the skin or articles of clothing by washing. For example, US 4,151,272
describes antiperspirant sticks which contain up to 5% by weight of a fatty
alcohol polyglycol ether. EP 491 843 B1 discloses antiperspirant stick
compositions which contain an addition product of 10 mol propylene oxide
onto butanediol for reducing the "white patch" effect. EP 777 4fi3 B1
describes antiperspirant sticks which contain an 11,12-dihydroxystearic
acid as the solidifying fatty or wax component.
Unfortunately, the known stick compositions mentioned above still
have various disadvantages. Thus, stick compositions with too low a
content of solidifying wax components tend to secrete oil in heat. Stick
compositions whose liquid carrier component does not contain any polar
components have too weak an antiperspirant effect. It has now been found
that antiperspirant stick compositions, including those with a relatively high
content of solidifying fatty or wax components, are extremely effective and
rapidly develop their perspiration-inhibiting effect providing the liquid
carrier
component contains a relatively high percentage of polar oil components
selected from liquid branched alkanols, alkane diols or liquid dialkyl ethers
containing 12 to 24 carbon atoms.
Accordingly, the present invention relates to antiperspirant stick
compositions which contain perspiration-inhibiting astringent salts
dispersed in a paste dimensionally stable at 40°C but spreadable on the
skin, said compositions containing
(A) 10 to 30% by weight of an astringent aluminium, zirconium or zinc
salt,
(B) 30 to 50% by weight of a liquid carrier component,
(C) 18 to 30% by weight of solidifying fatty or wax components with a
melting point of 40 to 80°C,
(D) 1 to 20% by weight of water-soluble surfactants,
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characterized in that the liquid carrier component (B) contains
20 to 40% by weight of a nonpolar oil, preferably a low-boiling or liquid
silicone oil,
to 30% by weight of a polar oil selected from liquid branched alkanols,
5 alkane diols, ether alcohols or dialkyl ethers containing 12 to 24 carbon
atoms and addition products of 2 to 30 mol propylene oxide onto mono- or
polyfunctional alkanols containing 3 to 20 carbon atoms,
all the above percentages by weight being based on the stick composition
as a whole.
10 Suitable perspiration inhibitors are, above all, astringent or protein-
coagulating aluminium, zirconium or zinc salts. Suitable antihydrotic salts
such as these are, for example, aluminium chloride, aluminium
hydroxychloride, aluminium dichlorohydrate, aluminium sesquichloro-
hydrate, complex compounds thereof with, for example, 1,2-propylene
glycol, aluminium hydroxyallantoinate, aluminium chloride tartrate,
aluminium sulfate, sodium aluminium lactate, potassium aluminium sulfate
(K alum), aluminium zirconium trichlorohydrate, aluminium zirconium
tetrachlorohydrate, aluminium zirconium pentachlorohydrate and complex
compounds thereof with amino acids such as, for example, glycine, for
example aluminium zirconium tetrachloroglycine complex, sodium
zirconium lactate, zinc sulfate and Zn phenol sulfonate. The astringent
salts should be finely particulate with a mean particle size below 100 pm
and preferably below 50 pm. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the
astringent salt is an aluminium hydroxychloride with the formula AI2(OH)5CI
~ 2-3 H20 present in a quantity of 15 to 25% by weight.
In the interests of a rapid onset of effect and high effectiveness, it
has proved to be particularly advantageous for the astringent salts to be
coated or impregnated with a water-soluble nonionic surfactant.
Surfactants which have proved to be particularly suitable for this purpose
are alkyl (oligo)glycosides which are applied to the surface of the salt
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particles in quantities of 0.1 to 5% by weight.
Suitable solidifying fatty or wax components are more or less any
saturated linear fatty acids and fatty alcohols containing 14 to 22 carbon
atoms, triglycerides of saturated fatty acids containing 14 to 22 carbon
atoms, saturated linear wax esters (fatty acidlfatty alcohol esters)
containing 28 to 44 carbon atoms or mixtures thereof. A mixture of 1 part
by weight of hydrogenated castor oil and 2 to 4 parts by weight of a cetyl or
stearyl alcohol has proved to be most particularly suitable.
Suitable water-soluble surfactants are, basically, any surfactants
which form a 1 % by weight solution in the system at 20°C and an at
least
1 % by weight solution in water at 20°C. Although the structure and
ionicity
are basically irrelevant, nonionic surfactants, particularly the addition
products - solid at normal temperature (20°C) - of ethylene oxide onto
fatty
molecules containing at least one alkoxylatable group, appear to be
particularly suitable. Suitable surfactants of this type are, for example, the
addition products of 10 to 40 mol ethylene oxide onto linear fatty alcohols
containing 16 to 22 carbon atoms, onto fatty acids containing 12 to 22
carbon atoms, onto fatty acid alkanolamides, onto fatty acid
monoglycerides, onto sorbitan fatty acid monoesters, onto fatty acid
alkanolamides, onto fatty acid glycerides, for example onto hydrogenated
castor oil, onto methyl glucoside monofatty acid esters and mixtures
thereof.
The liquid carrier component consists of nonpolar and polar oil
components. The principal component is a nonpolar oil, for example a
silicone oil or a hydrocarbon oil. The nonpolar oil is preferably a low-
boiling
or volatile, linear or cyclic dimethyl polysiloxane. Particularly suitable
volatile silicone oils are the cyclic polydimethyl siloxanes with the formula
[(CH3)2-Si0]~ where n - 4, 5 or 6. Products such as these are
commercially available, for example under the name of Dow Corning~ 200,
244, 245, 344 or 345.
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A content of polar liquid carrier components has a particularly large
bearing on the performance behavior and especially the spontaneous
effect of the antiperspirant stick composition. Preferred polar liquid carrier
components are liquid branched alkanols, alkanediols, ether alcohols and
dialkyl ethers containing 12 to 24 carbon atoms or addition products of 4 to
30 mol propylene oxide onto mono- or polyfunctional alkanols containing 3
to 20 carbon atoms. Addition products of ethylene oxide and propylene
oxide onto these alkanols or polyols, for example glycerol, may also be
used in accordance with the invention.
Suitable liquid branched alkanols are, for example, Guerbet alcohols
with a single branch at carbon atom 2, for example 2-hexyl decanol or 2-
octyl dodecanol. Other suitable liquid alcohols are, for example,
isotridecanol, isohexadecanol and mixtures of such alcohols.
Suitable alkanediols are the vicinal diols obtainable from C~2_24
epoxyalkanes by ring opening with water. Suitable ether alcohols are, for
example, the monoalkyl ethers of glycerol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene
glycol or 1,2-butanediol and other products obtainable by ring opening of
epoxyalkanes with monohydric alcohols providing they contain 12 to 24
carbon atoms.
Suitable dialkyl ethers are, for example, the alkyl methyl ethers or
the di-n-alkyl ethers containing a total of 12 to 24 carbon atoms. A
particularly suitable di-n-alkyl ether is the commercial product Cetiol~ OE
(Henkel KGaA), a di-n-octyl ether.
Suitable addition products of propylene oxide onto mono- or
polyhydric alcohols are, for example, PPG-3-myristyl ether (Vllitconol~
APM), PPG-14-butyl ether (Ucon Fluid~ AP) or PPG-15-stearyl ether
(Arlamol~ E), PPG-9-butyl ether (Breox~ B 25) or PPG-10-butanediol
(Macol~ 57).
In one preferred embodiment, the antiperspirant stick compositions
contain as the polar oil a branched alkanol selected from 2-hexyldecanol,
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2-octyldecanol and mixtures of these alcohols with addition products of 2 to
20 mol propylene oxide onto C3_2o alkanols.
The stick compositions according to the invention may additionally
contain typical auxiliaries and active skin-care ingredients.
Inert, fine particle, inorganic or organic fillers are particularly
important in this regard. Inert fillers such as these are, for example,
silicas,
clays, talcum, Veegum or organic fillers such as, for example, polymer
powders, starch or cellulose powders. In a preferred embodiment, the
antiperspirant stick compositions according to the invention additionally
contain 1 to 20% by weight of a fine-particle filler selected from talcum,
silica and mixtures thereof. Fillers such as these distinctly improve the
strength, oil-binding capacity and rubbing behavior of the stick.
Other auxiliaries typically encountered in deodorant and
antiperspirant compositions are perfume oil, antioxidants, complexing
agents, antimicrobial agents, esterase-inhibiting deodorizers and odor-
absorbing polymers. Finally, dyes and colored or white pigments may also
be added to increase the attractiveness of the sticks.
The following Examples are intended to illustrate the invention
without limiting it in any way.
Examples
Stick compositions corresponding to formulations 1 to 5 were
conventionally produced from the raw materials listed in the Table. Stick
compositions C1, C2, C3 and C4 containing
- a lower percentage of polar oils (C1, C3) andlor
- a lower percentage of solidifying fatty or wax components (C2) or
- no water-soluble surfactants (C4)
were produced for comparison.
The antiperspirant effect was comparatively tested by the Bio Skin
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method (SOFW Journal, 123, Vol. 10197, pages 639-642). The reduction
in perspiration after application for 3 days was determined and compared
with an untreated test zone. The results were assessed as follows:
reduction in perspiration: ++ = very good, + = good, - = weak.
The hardness of the antiperspirant sticks was evaluated after
storage for 3 days at 50°C:
hardness (50°C): ++ = very good, + = satisfactory, - = greasy, oil
secretion
1 2 3 4 5 C1 C2 C3 C4
Silikonol DC~ 245 28 28 23 23 23 38 42 47 31
Fluid
Eutanol~ G 16 10 - - 15 10 - 10 - 10
Cetiol~ OE - 10 15 - - - - -
Ucon Fluid~ AP 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
Cutina~ HR 6 6 6 6 6 6 2 5 6
Lorol~ C 18 20 20 20 - 20 20 - - 20
Lanette~ 0 - - - 20 - - 10 12
Eumulgin~ B3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Cutina~ E 24 PF - - - - 5 - - - -
AHC 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
Talcum 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Reduction in perspiration++ ++ ++ + ++ + + +
Hardness (50/72 ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ - + ++
h)
The following commercial products were used:
Silikonol~ DC 245 Fluid: dimethyl cyclopentasiloxane
Eutanol~ G 16: 2-hexyl decanol
Cetiol~ OE: di-n-octyl ether
Ucon Fluid~ AP: PPG-14-butyl ether
Cutina~ HR: hydrogenated castor oil
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Lorol~ C 18: stearyl alcohol
Lanette~ O: cetyllstearyl alcohol (1:1
)
Eumulgin~ B 3: PEG-30-CetyIIStearylether
Cutina~ E 24 PF: PEG-20-Glycerylstearate
AHC (aluminium chlorohydrate): Micro Dry~ OF (Reheisllnterorgana)
