CA 02399470 2002-09-23
A REPLENISHABLE ONE TIME USE CAMERA SYSTEM
Field of the Invention
The present relates substantially to the concept of a disposable camera having
instant printing capabilities and
in particular, discloses A Low Cost Disposable Camera System.
Background of the Invention
Recently, the concept of a "single use" disposable camera has become an
inereasmgly popular consumer
item. Disposable camera systems presently on the market normally include an
internal film roll and a simplified
gearing mechanism for traversing the film roll across an imaging system
including a shutter and tensing system. The
user, after utilising a single film roll returns the camera system to a film
development centre for processing. The film
roll is taken out of the camera system and processed and the prints returned
to the user. The camera system is then
able to be re-manufactured through the insertion of a new film roll into the
camera system, the replacement of any
worn or wearable parts and the re-packaging of the camera system in accordance
with requirements. In this way, the
concept of a single use "disposable' camera is provided to the consumer.
Recently, a camera system has been proposed by the present applicant which
provides for a handheld camera
device having an internal print head, image sensor and processing means such
that images sense by the image sensing
means, are processed by the processing means and adapted to be instantly
printed out by the printing means on
demand. The proposed camera system further discloses a system of internal
"print rolls" carrying print media such as
film on to which images are to be printed in addition to ink to supplying the
printing means for the printing process.
The print roll is further disclosed to be detachable and replaceable within
the camera system.
Unfortunately, such a system is likely to only be constructed at a substantial
cost and it would be desirable to
provide for a more inexpensive form of instant camera system which maintains a
substantial number of the quality
aspects of the aformentioned arrangement.
In particular, in any "disposable camera" it would be desirable to provide for
a simple and rapid form of
replenishment of the consumable portions in any disposable camera so that the
disposable camera can be readily and
rapidly serviced by replenishment and return to the market place.
It would be further desirable to provide for a simple means of storage of
replenishable portions of a
displosable camera system to allow for their rapid replenishment.
It would be further desirable to provide, in such a camera system, an ink
cartridge for the storage of inks to be
utilized in the printing out of images.
It would be desirable to provide for an extremely low cost camera system
having as great quality as possible.
In this respect, the camera system, as previously proposed should include
mechanisms for sensing and processing
sensed images in addition to mechanisms for printing out the images on print
media via a printhead system. It would
be further desirable to provide for a system having a convenient and compact
arrangement of components such that
they can be inexpensively manufactured in an inexpensive manner so as to allow
for the readily disposable form of
printing.
In any form of disposable camera arrangement, there will be the attraction for
clone manufacturers to attempt
to copy the process of refurbishing a used camera so as to derive profit from
the refurbishment process.
Unfortunately, such refurbishment may cause untold damage to the camera in
particular in use of inappropriate inks
and print media within the camera. The inappropriate use of such materials may
result in an inferior quality product,
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
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especially where the refurbishment is done by a counterfeiter wishing to pass
off their product as being one of the
"originals". In this respect, the damage to the camera may be permanent,
resulting in an inferior product where the
consumer will readily blame the manufacturer for the production of such an
inferior product even though it may not
be the manufacturer's fault.
It would therefore be desirable to provide for a camera and refilling
processing system which alleviates these
problems thereby providing the consumers with a better quality product and a
higher level of quality assurance.
In the field of photography, three important effects are of great relevance.
The first is the distinction between
colour and black and white. A significant portion of photography now utilises
colour, however a non-insignificant
portion of photography still is steeped in the field of black and white
photography. Additionally, sepia tones have
been generally utilised in traditional camera photography and are still highly
popular for the production of traditional
looking camera photographs especially with wedding photos or the like. It
would therefore be desirable to be able to
readily provide for the selection between these multiple different types of
outputs such that a user car readily utilise
any of the different output formats.
Further, it is desirable to provide as versatile a one time use camera system
as possible so that it can produce
a substantially number of different specialized effects instantly on demand.
Unfortunately, on a disposable camera, it is desirable to provide as low a
degree of fitnctional complexity as
possible in addition to minimizing power requirements. In this respect, it is
necessary to dispense with as much of the
user interface complexity as possible in addition to providing for effcient
operation.
Unfortunately, such a system is likely to only be constructed at a substantial
cost and it would be desirable to
provide for a more inexpensive form of instant camera system which maintains a
substantial number of the quality
aspects of the aforementioned arrangement.
It would be further advantageous to provide for the effective interconnection
of the sub components of a
camera system.
It would be advantageous to provide for a camera system having an effective
color correction or gamut
remapping capabilities.
Unfortunately, such a system is likely to only be constructed at a substantial
cost and it would be desirable to
provide for a more inexpensive forth of instant camera system which maintains
a substantial number of the quality
aspects of the aforementioned aaangement.
!t would be further advantageous to provide for the effective interconnection
of the sub components of a
camera system and for the effective driving of moveable parts within the
camera system.
It would be further advantageous to provide for the effective interconnection
of the sub components of a
camera system.
Further, as it is proposed utilising such a re-capping mechanism in a
disposable handheld camera system, it
will be desirable to provide for an extremely inexpensive form of re-capping
mechanism that can be utilised in an
inexpensive form of disposable camera.
It would be further desirable to provide for a simplified form of automated
picture counting in a disposable
camera system.
Unfortunately, such a system is likely to only be constructed at a substantial
cost and it would be desirable to
provide for a more inexpensive form of instant camera system which maintains a
substantial number of the quality
CA 02399470 2005-03-17
aspects of the aformentioneil arrangement.
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Summary of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method of providing effective storage. of
print media and a power supply
in a camera system which includes an image sensor device for sensing an image,
a processing means for processing
the sensed image, a print media supply means for storing a roll of print
media; a print head for printing the sensed
image on the print media stored internally to the camera and a portable power
supply interconnected to the print
head, the sensor and the ,processing means. The method comprises storing the
power supply in a centrally located
cavity inside the roll of print media
A corresponding hand-held camera is also provided.
Preferably, the print media and power supply are stored in a detachable module
which is detachable from
the camera system.
The print media may be adapted to rotate around the power supply when the
camera system is printing the
sensed image on the print media.
Preferably, the power supply comprises at least one battery, preferably two
standard batteries placed end to
end, which may be AA type batteries.
The print media may be in the form of a roll wrapped around an inner former,
the inner former being able
to rotate around the power supply.
A handheld camera system may comprise: a core chassis; an ink
cartridge unit including an ink supply and print head unit, the ink cartridge
unit
being mounted on .the chassis; a roll of print media rotatabfy mounted between
end portions of the chassis, the print
head unit being adapted to print on the print media; a platter unit including
mounted below the print head unit; image
sensor and control circuitry interconnected to the print head unit and adapted
to sense an image for printing by the
print head unit; an outer casing for enclosing the chassis, ink carnidge unit,
the print media, the platter unit and the
circuitry.
Preferably, the camera system further comprises a cutting unit adapted to
traverse the print media so as to
separate the print media into separate images. The cutting unit can be mounted
on the platter unit and the platter unit
can further include a print head recapping unit for capping the print head
when not in use.
The camera system can further comprise a series of pinch rollers for decurling
the print media.
In accordance with one of the present invention, there is provided in a camera
system comprising
an image sensor device for sensing an image; a processing means for processing
the sensed image; a print media
supply means provided for the storage of print media; a print head for
printing the sensed image on the print media
stored internally to the camera syaem; a portable power supply interconnected
to the print head, the sensor and the
processing means, a method of providing for the effective storage of the print
media and the power supply comprising
storing the power supply in a centrally located cavity inside a mll of the
print media.
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Preferably, the print media and the power supply are stored in a detachable
module which is detachable from
the camera system. The print media can be adapted to rotate around the power
supply when the camera system is
printing the sensed image on the print media. The portable power supply can
comprises at least one battery and
preferably comprises two standard batteries placed end to end. The batteries
can be AA type batteries.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is
provided a print head ink supply unit for
supplying a pagewidth print head for the ejection of ink by the print head
having a first surface having a plurality of
holes for the supply on ink to a series of ejection nozzles; the print head
supply unit comprising a plurality of long
columnar chambers for storing an ink supply, one for each output color, the
chambers running substantially the length
of the printhead adjacent the first surface thereof;. and a series of tapered
separators separating the chambers from one
another, the tapered separators being tapered into an end strip running along
the foal surface along substantially the
length of the printhead.
The unit can further include a series of regularly spaced structural support
members for supporting the
tapered separators in a predetermined relationship to one another. The tapered
separators can be formed in a single
ejection molded unit with a wall of the unit abutting the ptinthead. The
tapered separators taper to substantially abut a
slot in the wall of the unit, the slot being adapted for the insertion of the
print head. The unit can be constructed from
two plastic injection moulded portions welded together.
The long columnar chambers can be filled with a sponge like material to aid
usage. Preferably, the point head
outputs at least three separate colors for the provision of full color output
images.
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
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The unit can include a series of air channels communication of each of the
chambers with an external
ambient atmosphere, the air channels having an erratic wandering path from an
end communicating with the chamber
to an end connecting the ambient atmosphere. The channel also preferably
contains hydrophobic surfaces to prevent
ink flow therein. The channel can be manufactured in the form of a channel
having an exposed surface which is
subsequently sealed by means of an adhesive surface being attached to the
unit.
Each chamber can further include an aperture defined in a wall therein for the
insertion of a refill needle for
refilling the chamber with ink.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is
provided a print head ink supply unit
wherein one a portion of the unit includes a series of air channels defined
therein for communication of each of the
chambers with an external ambient atmosphere, the sir channels having an
erratic wandering path from an end
communicating with the chamber to an end connecting the ambient atmosphere.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is
provided a camera system comprising an
image sensor and processing device for sensing and processing an image; a
print media supply means provided for the
storage of print media; a print head for printing the sensed image on print
media stored internally to the camera
system; the image sensor and processing device comprising a single integrated
circuit chip including the following
interconnected components: a processing unit for controlling the operation of
the camera system; a program ROM
utilized by the processing unit; a CMOS active pixel image sensor for sensing
the image; a memory store for storing
images and associated program data; a series of motor drive units each
including motor drive transistors for the
driving of external mechanical system of the camera system; and print head
interface unit for driving the print head
for printing of the sensed image.
Preferably, the motor drive transistors are located along one peripheral edge
of the integrated circuit and the
CMOS pixel image sensor is located along an opposite edge of the integrated
circuit.
Preferably, the image sensor and processing device fitrtlter include a
halftoning unit for halftoning the sensed
image into corresponding bi-level pixel elements for printing out by the print
head. The halftoning unit can implement
a dither operation and includes a halftone matrix ROM utilized by the
haiftoning unit in performing the halftoning
opet~ation.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is
provided a system for authentication of the
refill of a camera system having an internal ink supply and print media for
the printing out of images sensed by the
camera system, the system comprising: refill means for providing a supply of
the ink and print media to the camera
system; communication connection means within the camera system adapted to
interconnect with a corresponding
communication connection means within the refill station; a camera system
interrogation means stored internally to
the camera system and adapted to utilize the communication connection means to
interrogate the refill station so as to
determine the authenticity there of.
The camera system interrogation means can be created on a silicon chip
integrated circuit stored within the
camera system, with the camera system interrogation means being created on the
same silicon chip as an image sensor
For sensing images by the camera system. The communication connection means
can a JTAG interface of the chip.
Preferably, the camera system interrogation means includes a sensitive memory
value store such as a flash memory
store fabricated with a conductive metal plane covering the sensitive memory
value store.
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
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Upon a determination of the authenticity of the refill station, the camera
system interrogation means can
resets the value of a print counter indicating the number of prints left for
output by the camera system.
In accordance with a further aspect of the pz~ertt invention, there is
provided a handheld camera system
comprising an image sensor device for sensing an image; a processing means for
processing the sensed image; a
storage means for storing images and programs for utilization by the processor
means; a print media stored internally
to the camera system; a print head for printing the sensed image on the print
media; an alterable switch for storing a
current state of output types of the camera system; a switch interconnected to
the processing means and having a
number of predetermined states and the processing means adapted to monitor the
switch state and process the sensed
image in accordance with the switch state to cause the print head to output a
corresponding modified image in
accordance with the switch state.
Preferably, the processing means is adapted to output at least two images from
the group of digitally
enhanced standard color images, sepia color images, black and white images,
black and white images with minor
color additions, multi-passport photograph images, sketch simulated images,
bordered images, panoramic images,
images with additional clip arts, kaleidoscope effect images, or color
modified images.
The processing means and the switch can be created on a single integrated
circuit device, the device being
programmable by an externally device with the switch being externally
programmable. The camera system can also
comprise a detachable jacket having printed information on the surface thereof
indicative of the type of effect.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is
provided in a camera system comprising
an image sensor device for sensing and storing an image; a processing means
for processing the sensed image; a print
media supply means provided for the storage of print media; a print head for
printing the sensed image on print media
stored internally to the camera system; a first button and second button each
interconnected to the processing means; a
method of operation of the camera system comprising utilizing the first button
to activate the image sensor device to
sense an image; and utilizing the second button to activate the print head to
print out a copy of the image on the print
head.
Preferably, the utilization of the first button also results in the printing
out of the sensed image on the print
media using the print head. The camera system can further include an
activation indicator such as a light emitting
diode and the method can further comprises the steps of activating the
activation indicator for a predetermined time
interval when the image sensor is initially activated; storing the sensed
image for at least the predetermined time
interval; deactivating the activation indicator after the predetermined time
interval; and deactivating the sensor device
after the predetermined time interval. Further, the predetermined interval can
be extended if the second button is
activated.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is
provided in a camera system comprising:
an image sensor device for sensing an image; a processing means for processing
the sensed image; a print media
supply means provided for the storage of print media for printing of images; a
page width print head moulding
including a print head for printing the sensed image on print media stored
internally in the print media supply means
in addition to a series of ink supply chambers for the storage of ink; a
portable power supply interconnected to the
print head, the sensor and the processing means; a method of positioning the
image sensor device within the camera
comprising affixing the image sensor device to a surface of the print head
moulding.
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
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Preferably, the print head is of a long strip form having a tape automated
bonded interconnect along at least
one strip edge thereof and the image sensor device comprises a planar
integrated circuit of substantially rectangular
dimensions having a further tape automated bonded interconnect along at least
one edge thereof and the planar
integrated circuit and the print head being interconnected to one another.
Further, preferably, the processing means is incorporated onto the planar
integrated circuit and includes a
print head controller means for controlling the operation of the print head.
The interconnect can comprises a series of wires in embedded in a non-
conductive flexible sheet, the sheet
being generally of a rectangular form with the print head being interconnected
along one surface thereof and the
planar integrated circuit being mounted within an aperture in the sheet.
Further, the camera system further includes a series of control buttons, the
control buttons further being
mounted on the flexible sheet.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is
provided in a camera system including:
an image sensor device for sensing an image; a processing means for processing
the sensed image; and a printing
system for printing out the sensed image; a method of color correcting a
sensed image to be printed out by the print
head, comprising: utilizing the image sensor device to sense a first image;
processing the fast image to determine
color characteristics of a first sensed image; utilizing the image sensor
device to sense a second image, in rapid
succession to the first image; applying color correction methods to the second
image based on the determined color
characteristics of the first sensed image; and printing out the second image.
Preferably, the second sensed image is sensed within 1 second of the fast
sensed image and the processing
step includes examining the intensity characteristics of the fast image. The
processing step can include determining a
maximum and minimum intensity of the first image and utilizing the intensities
to rescale the intensities of the second
image.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is
provided a camera system comprising:
an image sensor device for sensing an image; a processing means for processing
the sensed image; a print media
supply means provided for the storage of a roll of print media for printing of
images; a page width print head
moulding including a print head for printing the sensed image on print media
stored internally in the print media
supply means in addition to a series of ink supply chambers for the storage of
ink; a portable power supply
interconnected to the print head, the sensor and the processing means; a
cutting mechanism for cutting portions of
print media containing images; a fu~st drive motor adapted to drive the paper
media supply means for moving the
paper media past the print head; and a second drive motor adapted to drive the
cutting mechanism for cutting the
portions.
Preferably, each of the drive motors includes a gear chain mechanism for
driving corresponding mechanisms
in a geared manner. The first drive motor can comprise a stepper motor which
is preferably operated in a mutually
exclusive manner with the print head.
Further, each of the drive motors can be driven in a forward and reverse
manner during normal operation of
the camera system.
in accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is
provided a camera system comprising:
an image sensor device for sensing an image; a processing means for processing
the sensed image; a print media
supply means provided for the storage of a roll of print media for the
printing of images; a page width print head
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
.7.
molding including a print head for printing the sensed image on print media
stored internally in the print media supply
means in addition to a series of ink supply chambers for the storage of ink
for utilization by the print head; a series of
print rollers interconnected in the path between the print media supply means
and the page width print head molding
for pinching the paper and driving the paper past the print head.
Preferably, the number of print rollers is at least 3 and the print rollers
apply a decor1irg twist to the print
media. The print rollers are snap fitted to the camera system. Two of the
print roller can be mounted on a first chassis
which to which the print head molding is also mounted and a third one of the
print rollers is mounted on a detachable
platter device. The third print roller can be inserted between the other two
of the print rollers and the platter snap
fitted to the chassis.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is
provided in a camera system comprising:
an image sensor device for sensing an image; a processing means for processing
the sensed image; a print media
supply means for the supply of print media to a print head; a print head for
printing the sensed image on the print
media stored internally to the camera system; a portable powtr supply
interconnected to the print head, the sensor and
the processing means; and a guillotine mechanism located between the print
media supply means and the print head
and adapted to cut the print media into sheen of a predetermined size.
Further, preferably, the guillotine mechanism is detachable from the camera
system. The guillotine
mechanism can be attached to the print media supply means and is detachable
from the camera system with the print
media supply means. The guillotine mechanism can be mounted on a platter unit
below the print head.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is
provided a print head recapping
mechanism for recapping a pagewidth ink jetting print head structure,
comprising a first stationary ferrous arm; a
solenoid coil wrapped around a portion of the ferrous arm; a second moveable
arm located substantially adjacent the
first arm and biased towards the printhead structure; a series of membranes
attached to the second moveable arm the
membranes sealing the print head structure when in a rest position; the
solenoid being activated to cause the moveable
arm to move away from the surface of the print head structure sufficient to
allow a "paper or film" to be inserted
between the membranes and the print head structure for the printing of ink
thereon.
Preferably, the membranes are resiliently collapsible against the surface of
the print head structure. The
membranes can comprise two mutually opposed elastomer strips running
substantially the length of the ink jetting
portions of the print head structure so as to surround the ink jetting
portions.
The solenoid can include an elongated winding of a curt~ertt carrying wire
which is wrapped around a
protruding portion of the first aim, the elongation being substantially the
length of the print head structure. Further,
the second movable arm is biased against the surface of the print head
structure. The solenoid can be activated to
move the second arm closely adjacent the first aim with a first level of
current and the solenoid is retained whilst
printing closely adjacent the first arm with a second substantially lower
level of current.
The present invention has particular application in a hand held camera device.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is
provided a portable camera system
comprising an image sensor device for sensing an image; a processing means for
processing the sensed image; a print
media supply means provided for the storage of print media in a roll form; a
print head for printing the sensed image
on print media stored internally to the camera system; and a cutter mechanism
for cutting the printed sensed images
comprising a worm screw extending the length of the printed sensed image; and
a worm gear attached to the worm
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
_g_
screw and adapted to be driven the length of the printed sensed image, the
worth gear including a cutting blade for
cutting the print media into separate sheets;
The cutting blade can comprise a rotatable wheel having a sharpened outer edge
and the togged wheel can
have a series of usage indicators printed on one surface thereof and the worm
gear can includes a lever arm wherein
the traversal of the worm gear along the length of the printed sensed image
results in the engagement of the lever arm
with the togged wheel print indicator so as to rotate the togged wheel print
indicator so that it maintains a current
indication of the number of images printed out on the print media.
The camera can further comprise a pawl mechanism which interacts with the
coggs of the togged wheel print
indicator in the form of a racket and pawl mechanism and the lever arm can
includes a flexible portion for
engagement with the togged wheel print indicator.
In accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, there is
provided in an integrated circuit type
device comprising timing means able to produce a variable period clock signal,
the variation being proportional to an
input signal; storage means for storing a value for the input signal for input
to the timing means; a method comprising
the steps of: testing the timing means after the fabrication of the integrated
circuit type device to determine a current
timing parameter value for resealing the timing means so as to produce a clock
output pulse having a period within a
predetermined range.
The clocking signal can be utilized to determine a pulse length with which to
drive an actuator of an ink jet
printing type device. Ideally, the device is utilised in a print on demand
camera system and the timing means provides
the clocking signal for the device and the storage means comprises a flash
memory circuit on the device.
Brief Description of the Drawings
Notwithstanding any other forms which may fall within the scope of the present
invention, preferred forms of
the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to
the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 illustrated a side front perspective view of the assembled camera of
the preferred embodiment;
Fig. 2 illustrates a back side perspective view, partly exploded, of the
preferred embodiment;
Fig. 3 is a side perspective view of the chassis of the prefeaed embodiment;
Fig. 4 is a side perspective view of the chassis illustrating the insertion of
the electric motors;
Fig. 5 is an exploded perspective of the ink supply mechanism of the preferred
embodiment;
Fig. 6 is a side perspective of the assembled form ofthe ink supply mechanism
of the preferred embodiment;
Fig. 7 is a front perspective view of the assembled form of the ink supply
mechanism of the preferred
embodiment;
Fig. 8 is an exploded perspective of the platten unit of the preferred
embodiment;
Fig. 9 is a side perspective view of the assembled form of the platten unit;
Fig. 10 is also a perspective view of the assembled form of the platten unit;
Fig. I 1 is an exploded perspective unit of the printhead recapping mechanism
of the preferred embodiment;
Fig. 12 is a close up exploded perspective of the recapping mechanism of the
preferred embodiment;
Fig. i 3 is an exploded perspective of the ink supply cartridge of the
preferred embodiment;
Fig. 14 is a close up perspectiv,~,.pa~ly"~n ~p~ipa,q~,the j~~,,pal,pprtions
of the ink supply cartridge in an
assembled form;
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Fig. 15 is a schematic block diagram of one form of chip layer of the image
capture and processing chip of
the prefe>ted embodiment;
Fig. 16 is an exploded perspective illustrating the assembly process of the
preferred embodiment;
Fig. 17 illustrates a front exploded perspective view ofthe assembly process
ofthe prefen;ed embodiment;
Fig. 18 illustrates a side perspective view of the assembly process of the
preferred embodiment;
Fig. 19 illustrates a side perspective view of the assembly process of the
preferred embodiment;
Fig. 20 is a perspective view illustrating the insertion of the platter unit
in the preferred embodiment;
Fig. 21 illustrates the interconnection of the electrical components of the
preferred embodiment;
Fig. 22 illustrates the process of assembling the preferred embodiment; and
Fig. 23 is a perspective view further illustrating the assembly process of the
preferred embodiment.
Description of Preferred and Other Embodiments
'fuming initially simultaneously to Fig. 1, and Fig. 2 there is illustrated
perspective views of an assembled
camera constructed in accordance with the preferred embodiment with Fig. 1
showing a front side perspective view
and Fig. 2 showing a back side perspective view. The camera 1 includes a paper
or plastic film jacket 2 which can
include simplified instructions 3 for the operation of the camera system I.
The camera system 1 includes a first "take"
button 4 which is depressed to capture an image. The captured image is output
via output slot 6. A further copy of
the image can be obtained through depressing a second "printer copy" button 7
whilst an LED light 5 is illuminated.
The camera system also provides the usual view finder 8 in addition to a CCD
image capture/lensing system 9.
The camera system 1 provides for a standard number of output prints after
which the camera system 1 ceases
to function. A prints left indicator slot 10 is provided to indicate the
number of remaining prints. A refund scheme at
the point of purchase is assumed to be operational for the return of used
camera systems for recycling.
Turning now to Fig. 3, the assembly of the camera system is based around an
internal chassis 12 which can
be a plastic injection molded part. A pair of paper pinch rollers 28, 29
utilized for decurling are snap fitted into
corresponding frame holes eg. 26, 27.
As shown in Fig. 4, the chassis 12 includes a series of mutually opposed
prongs eg. 13, 14 into which is
snapped fitted a series of electric motors 16, t 7. The electric motors 16, 17
can be entirely standard with the motor 16
being of a stepper motor type and include a cogged end portion 19, 20 for
driving a series of gear wells. A first set of
gear wells is provided for controlling a paper cutter mechanism and a second
set is provided for controlling print roll
movement.
Turning next to Figs. 5 to 7, there is illustrated an ink supply mechanism 40
utilized in the camera system.
Fig. 5 illustrates a back exploded perspective view, Fig. 6 illustrates a back
assembled view and Fig. 7 illustrates a
front assembled view. The ink supply mechanism 40 is based around an ink
supply cartridge 42 which contains
printer ink and a print head mechanism for printing out pictures on demand.
The ink supply cartridge 42 includes a
side aluminium strip 43 which is provided as a shear strip to assist in
cutting images from a paper roll.
A dial mechanism 44 is provided for indicating the number of "prints left'.
The dial mechanism 44 is snap
fitted through a corresponding mating portion 46 so as to be freely rotatable.
As shown in Fig. 6, the print head includes a flexible PCB strip 47 which
interconnects with the print head
and provides for control of the print head. The interconnection between the
Flex PCB strip and an image sensor and
print head chip can be via Tape Automated Bonding (TAB) Strips 51, 58. A
moulded aspherical lens and aperture
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
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shim 50 (Fig. S) is also provided for imaging an image onto the surface of the
image sensor chip normally located
within cavity 53 and a light box module or hood 52 is provided for snap
fitting over the cavity 53 so as to provide for
proper light control. A series of decoupling capacitors eg. 34 can also be
provided. Further a plug 45 (Fig. 7) is
provided for re-plugging ink holes after refilling. A series of guide prongs
eg. 55-57 are further provided for guiding
the flexible PCB strip 47.
The ink supply mechanism 40 interacts with a platten unit which guides print
media under a printhead
located int eh ink supply mechanism. Fig. 8 shows an exploded view of the
platter unit 60, while Figs. 9 and 10 show
assembled views of the platter unit. The platter unit 60 includes a first
pinch roller 61 which is snap fitted to one side
of a platter base 62. Attached to a second side of the platter base 62 is a
cutting mechanism 63 which traverses the
platter by means of a rod 64 having a screwed thread which is rotated by means
of togged wheel 65 which is also
felted to the platter 62. The screwed thread engages a block 67 which includes
a cutting wheel 68 fastened via a
fastener 69. Also mounted to the block 67 is a counter actuator which includes
a prong 7T. The prong 71 acts to
rotate the dial mechanism 44 of Fig. 6 upon the return traversal of the
cutting wheel. As shown previously in Fig. 6,
the dial mechanism 44 includes a togged surface which interacts with pawl
lever 73, thereby maintaining a count of
the number of photographs taken on the surface of dial mechanism 44. The
cutting mechanism 63 is inserted into the
platter base 62 by means of a snap fit via receptacle eg. 74.
The platter 62 includes an internal recapping mechanism 80 for recapping the
print head when not in use.
The recapping mechanism 80 includes a sponge portion 81 and is operated via a
solenoid coil so as to provide for
recapping of the print head. In the preferred embodiment, there is provided an
inexpensive form of printhead re-
capping mechanism provided for incorporation into a handheld camera system so
as to provide for printhead re-
capping of an inkjet printhead.
Fig. 1 1 illustrates an exploded view of the recapping mechanism whilst Fig.
12 illustrates a close up of the
end portion thereof. The re-capping mechanism 90 is structured around a
solenoid including a 16 rum coil 75 which
can comprise insulated wire. The coil 7S is turned around a first stationery
solenoid arm 76 which is mounted on a
bottom surface of the pattern 62(Fig. 8) and includes a post portion 77 to
magnify effectiveness of operation. The arm
76 can comprise a ferrous material.
A second moveable arm of the solenoid actuator is also provided 78. The turn
78 being moveable and also
made of ferrous material. Mounted on the arm is a sponge portion surrounded by
an elastomcr strip 79. The
elastomer strip 79 is of a generally arcuate cross-section and act as a leaf
springs against the surface of the printhead
ink supply camidge 42 (Fig. S) so as to provide for a seal against the surface
of the printhead ink supply cartridge 42.
In the quiescent position a elastomer spring units 87, 88 act to resiliently
deform the elastomer seal 79 against the
surface of the ink supply unit 42.
When it is desired to operate the printhead unit, upon the insertion of paper,
the solenoid coil 7S is activated
so as to cause the arm 78 to move down to be adjacent to the end piste 76. The
arm 78 is held against end plate 76
while the printhead is printing by means of a small "keeper current" in coil
77. Simulation results indicate that the
keeper current can be significantly less than the actuation current.
Subsequently, after photo printing, the paper is
guillotined by the cutting mechanism 63 of Fig. 8 acting against Aluminium
Strip 43 of Fig. 5, and rewound so as to
clear the area of the re-capping mechanism 88. Subsequently, the current is
turned off and springs 87, 88 return the
arm 78 so that the.elastomer seal is again resting against the printhead ink
supply cartridge.
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
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It can be seen that the preferred embodiment provides for a simple and
inexpensive means of re-capping a
printhead through the utilisation of a solenoid type device having a long
rectangular form. Further, the preferred
embodiment utilises minimal power in that currents are only required whilst
the device is operational and additionally,
only a low keeper current is required whilst the printhead is printing.
Turning next to Fig. 13 and 14, Fig. 13 illustrates an exploded per~Ctive of
the ink supply cartridge 42
whilst Fig. 14 illustrates a close up sectional view of a bottom of the ink
supply cartridge with the printhead unit in
place. The ink supply cartridge 42 is based around a pagewidth printhead 102
which comprises a long slither of
silicon having a series of holes etched on the back surface for the supply of
ink to a front surface of the silicon wafer
for subsequent ejection via a micro electro mechanical system. The form of
ejection can be many different forms
such as those set out in the relevant provisional patent specifications of the
attached appendix. In particular, the ink jet
printing system set out in provisional patent specification entitled "An Image
Creation Method and Apparatus (I138)"
filed concurrently herewith is highly suitable. Of course, many other inkjet
technologies, as referred to the attached
appendix, can also be utilised when constnrcting a printhead unit 102. The
fitndamental requirement of the ink supply
cartridge 42 being the supply of ink to a series of colour channels etched
through the back surface of the printhead
102. In the description of the preferred embodiment, it is assumed that a
three colour printing process is to be utilised
so as to provide full colour picture output. Hence, the print supply unit 42
includes three ink supply reservoirs being a
cyan reservoir 104, a magenta reservoir 105 and a yellow reservoir 106. Each
of these reservoirs is required to store
ink and includes a corresponding sponge type material 107 - 109 which assists
in stabilising ink within the
corresponding ink channel and therefore preventing the ink from sloshing back
and forth when the printhead is
utilised in a handheld camera system. The reservoirs 104, 105, 106 are formed
through the mating of first exterior
plastic piece I 10 mating with a second base piece) 111.
At a first end of the base piece I 1 includes a series of air inlet 113 - 115.
The air inlet leads to a
corresponding winding channel which is hydrophobically treated so as to act as
an ink repellent and therefore repel
any ink that may flow along the air inlet channel. The air inlet channel
further takes a convoluted path further
assisting in resisting any ink flow out of the chambers 104 - 106. An adhesive
tape portion 117 is provided for sealing
the channels within end portion 118.
At the top end, there is included a series of refill holes for refilling
corresponding ink supply chambers 104,
105, 106. A plug 121 is provided for sealing the refill holes.
Turning now to Fig. 14, there is illustrated a close up perspective view,
partly in section through the ink
supply cartridge 42 of Fig. 13 when formed as a unit. The ink supply cartridge
includes the three colour ink reservoirs
104, 105, 106 which supply ink to different portions of the back surface of
printhead 102 which includes a series of
apertures 128 defined therein for carriage of the ink to the front surface.
The ink supply unit includes two guide walls 124, 125 which separate the
various ink chambers and are
tapered into an end portion abutting the surface of the printhead 102. The
guide walls are further mechanically
supported and regular spaces by a block portions eg. 126 which are placed at
regular intervals along the length of the
printhead supply unit. The block portions 126 leaving space at portions close
to the back of printhead 102 for the
flow of ink around the back surface thereof.
The printhead supply unit is preferably formed from a multi-part plastic
injection mould and the mould
pieces eg. 10, 1 1 (Fig. 1 ) snap together around the sponge pieces 107, 109.
Subsequently, a syringe type device can
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
_ 12.
be inserted in the ink refill holes and the ink reservoirs filled with ink
with the air flowing out of the air outlets I 13 -
115. Subsequently, the adhesive tape portion I 17 and plug 121 are attached
and the printhead tested for operation
capabilities. Subsequently, the ink supply cartridge 42 can be readily removed
for refilling by means of removing the
ink supply camidge, performing a washing cycle, and then utilising the holes
for the insertion of a refill syringe filled
with ink for refilling the ink chamber before returning the ink supply
cartridge 42 to a camera
Turning now to Fig. I5, there is shown an example layout of the Image Capture
and Processing Chip (1CP)
48.
The Image Capture and Processing Chip 48 provides most
of the electronic functionality of the camera with the exception of the print
head chip. The chip 48 is a highly
integrated system. It combines CMOS image sensing, analog to digital
conversion, digital image processing, DRAM
storage, ROM, and miscellaneous control functions in a single chip.
The chip is estimated to be around 32 mm2 using a
leading edge 0.18 micron CMOSIDRAM/APS process. The chip size and cost can
scale somewhat with Moore's law,
but is dominated by a CMOS active pixel sensor array 201, so scaling is
limited as the sensor pixels approach the
diffraction limit.
The ICP 48 includes CMOS logic, a CMOS image sensor, DRAM, and analog
circuitry. A very small
amount of flash memory or other non-volatile memory is also preferably
included for protection against reverse
engineering.
Alternatively, the ICP can readily be divided into two chips: one for the CMOS
imaging stray, and the other
for the remaining circuitry. The cost of this two chip solution should not be
significantly different than the single chip
ICP, as the extra cost of packaging and bond-pad area is somewhat cancelled by
the reduced total wafer area requiring
the color filter fabrication steps.
The ICP preferably contains the following functions:
Function
1.5 megapixel image sensor
Analog Signal Processors
Image sensor column decoders
Image sensor row decoders
Analogue to Digital Conversion (ADC)
Column ADC's
Auto exposure
12 Mbits of DRAM
DRAM Address Generator
Color interpolator
Convolver
Color ALU
Halftone matrix ROM
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
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Function
Digital halftoning
Print head interface
8 bit CPU core
Program ROM __
Flash memory
Scratchpad SRAM
Parallel interface
(8 bit)
Motor drive transistors
(5)
Clock PLL
ITAG test interface
Test circuits
Busses
Bond pads
The CPU, DRAM, Image sensor, ROM, Flash memory, Parallel intuface, JTAG
interface and ADC can be
vendor supplied cores. The ICP is intended to run on 1.SV to minimize power
consumption and allow convenient
operation from two AA type battery cells.
Fig. 15 illustrates a layout of the ICP 48. The ICP 48 is dominated by the
imaging array 201, which
consumes around 80% of the chip area. The imaging array is a CMOS 4 transistor
active pixel design with a
resolution of 1,500 x 1,000. The array can be divided into the conventional
configuration, with two green pixels, one
red pixel, and one blue pixel in each pixel group. There are 750 x 500 pixel
groups in the imaging array.
The latest advances in the field of image sensing and CMOS image sensing in
particular can be found in the
October, 1997 issue of IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices and, in
particular, pages 1689 to 1968. Further, a
specific implementation similar to that disclosed in the present application
is disclosed in Wong et. al, "CMOS Active
Pixel Image Sensors Fabricated Using a 1.8V, 0.25 Elm CMOS Technology", IEDM
1996, page 915
The imaging array uses a 4 transistor active pixel design of a standard
configuration. To minimize chip area
and therefore cost, the image sensor pixels should be as small as feasible
with the technology available. With a four
transistor cell, the typical pixel size states as 20 times the lithographic
feature size. This allows a minimum pixel area
of around 3.6 Itm x 3.6 Itm. However, the photosite must be substantially
above the diffraction limit of the lens. It is
also advantageous to have a square photosite, to maximize the margin ovu the
diffraction limit in both horizontal and
vertical directions. In this case, the photosite can be specified as 2.5 Itm x
2.5 Itm. The photosite can be a photogate,
pinned photodiode, charge modulation device, or other sensor.
The four transistors are packed as an 'L' shape, rather than a rectangular
region, to allow both the pixel and
the photosite to be square. This reduces the transistor packing density
slightly, increasing pixel size. Howevu, the
advantage in avoiding the diffraction limit is greater than the small decrease
in packing density.
The aansistors also have a gate length which is longer than the minimum for
the process technology. These
have been increased from a drawn length of 0.18 micron to a drawn length of
0.36 micron. This is to improve the
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
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transistor matching by making the variations in gate length represent a
smaller proportion of the total gate length.
The extra gate length, and the 'L' shaped packing, mean that the transistors
use more area than the minimum
for the technology. Normally, around 8 pm~ would be required for rectangular
packing. Preferably, 9.75 pm~ has
been allowed for the transistors.
The total area for each pixel is 16 ltm', rGCUhing from a pixel size of 4 pm x
4 ltm. With a resolution of
1,500 x 1,000, the area of the imaging array 101 is 6,000 lun x 4,000 prrt, or
24 mml.
The presence of a color image sensor on the chip affects the process required
in two major ways:
The CMOS fabrication process should be optimized to minimize dark current
- Color filters are required. These can be fabricated using dyed
photosensitive polyimides, resulting in an
added process complexity of three spin coatings, three photolithographic
steps, three development saps, and three
hardbakes.
There are 15,000 analog signal processors (ASPs) 205, one for each of the
columns of the sensor. The ASPS
amplify the signal, provide a dark current reference, sample and hold the
signal, and suppress the fixed pattern noise
(FPN).
There are 375 analog to digital converters 206, one for each four columns of
the sensoc array. These may be
delta-sigma or successive approximation type ADC's. A row of low column ADC's
are used to reduce the
conversion speed required, and the amount of analog signal degradation
incurred before the signal is inverted to
digital. This also eliminates the hot spot (affecting local dark current) and
the substrate coupled noise that would occur
if a single high speed ADC was used. Each ADC also has two four bit DAC's
which trim the offset and scale of the
ADC to further reduce FPN variations between columns. These DAC's are
controlled by data stored in flash memory
during chip testing.
The column select logic 204 is a 1:1500 decoder which enables the appropriate
digital output of the ADCs
onto the output bus. As each ADC is shared by four columns, the least
significant two bits of the row select control 4
input analog multiplexors.
A row decoder 207 is a 1:1000 decoder which enables the appropriate row of the
active pixel sensor stray.
This selects which of the 1000 rows of the imaging array is connected to
analog signal processors. As the rows are
always accessed in sequence, the row select logic can be implemented as a
shift register.
An auto exposure system 208 adjusts the reference voltage of the ADC 205 in
response to the maximum
intensity sensed during the previous frame period. Data from the green pixels
is passed through a digital peak detector.
The peak value of the image frame period before capture (the reference frame)
is provided to a digital to analogue
converter(DAC), which generates the global reference voltage for the column
ADCs. The peak detector is reset at the
beginning of the reference frame. The minimum and maximum values of the three
RGB color components are also
collected for color correction.
The second largest section of the chip is consumed by a DRAM 210 used to hold
the image. To store the
1,500 x 1,000 image from the sensor without compression, 1.5 Mbytes of DRAM
210 are required. This equals 12
Mbits, or slightly Icss than 5% of a 256 Mbit DRAM. The DRAM technology
assumed is of the 256 Mbit generation
implemented using 0.18um CMOS.
Using a standard 8F cell, the area taken by the memory array is 3.11 mm'. When
row decoders, column
sensors, redundancy, and other factors are taken into account, the DRAM
requires around 4 mm=.
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
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This DRAM 210 can be mostly eliminated if analog storage of the image signal
can be accurately maintained
in the CMOS imaging array for the two seconds required to print the photo.
However, digital storage of the image is
preferable as it is maintained without degradation, is insensitive to noise,
and allows copies of the photo to be printed
considerably later.
A DRAM address generator 211 provides the write and read addresses to the DRAM
210. Under normal
operation, the write address is determined by the order of the data read from
the CMOS image sensor 201. This will
typically be a simple raster format. However, the data can be read from the
sensor 201 in any order, if matching write
addresses to the DRAM are generated. The read order from the DRAM 210 will
normally simply match the
requirements of a color interpolator and the print head. As the cyan, magenta,
and yellow rows of the print head are
necessarily offset by a few pixels to allow space for noale actuators, the
colors arc not head from the DRAM
simultaneously. However, there is plenty of time to read all of the data from
the DRAM many times during the
printing process. This capability is used to eliminate the need for FIFOs in
the print head interface, thereby saving
chip area. All three RGB image components can be read from the DRAM each time
color data is required. This
allows a color space converter to provide a more sophisticated conversion than
a simple linear RGB to CMY
conversion.
Also, to allow two dimensional filtering of the image data without requiring
line buffers, data is re-read from
the DRAM array.
The address generator may also implement image effects in certain models of
camera. For example, passport
photos are generated by a manipulation of the read addresses to the DRAM.
Also, image framing effects (where the
central image is reduced), image warps, and kaleidoscopic effects can all be
generated by manipulating the read
addresses of the DRAM.
While the address generator 211 may be implemented with substantial complexity
if effects are built into the
standard chip, the chip area required for the address generator is small, as
it consists only of address counters and a
moderate amount of random logic.
A color interpolator 214 converts the interleaved pattern of red, 2 x green,
and blue pixels into RGB pixels. It
consists of three 8 bit adders and associated registers. The divisions are by
either 2 (for green) or 4 (for rod and blue)
so they can be implemented as fixed shifts in the output connections of the
adders.
A convolver 215 is provided as a sharpening filter which applies a small
convolution kernel (5 x 5) to the red,
green, and blue planes of the image. The convolution kernel for the green
plane is different from that of the red and
blue planes, as green has twice as many samples. The sharpening filter has
five functions:
To improve the color interpolation from the linear interpolation provided by
the color interpolator,
to a close approximation of a sine interpolation.
To compensate for the image 'softening' which occurs during digitization.
To adjust the image sharpness to match average consumer preferences, which are
typically for the
image to be slightly sharper than reality. As the single use camera is
intended as a consumer product, and not a
professional photographic products, the processing can match the most popular
settings, rather than the most accurate.
To suppress the sharpening of high frequency (individual pixel) noise. The
function is similar to the
'unsharp mask' process.
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
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- To antialias Image Warping.
These functions are all combined into a single convolution matrix. As the
pixel rate is low (less than I
Mpixel per second) the total number of multiplies required for the three color
channels is 56 million multiplies per
second. This can be provided by a single multiplier. Fifty bytes of
coefficient ROM are also required.
A color ALU 113 combines the functions of color compensation and color space
conversion into the one
matrix multiplication, which is applied to every pixel of the frame. As with
sharpening, the color correction should
match the most popular settings, rather than the most accurate.
A color compensation circuit of the color ALU provides compensation for the
lighting of the photo. The vast
majority of photographs are substantially improved by a simple color
compensation, which independently normalizes
the contrast and brightness of the three color components.
A color look-up table (CLUT) 212 is provided for each color component. These
are three separate 256 x 8
SRAMs, requiring a total of 6, I44 bits. The CLUTs are used as part of the
color correction process. They are also
used for color special effects, such as stochastically selected "wild color"
effects.
A color space conversion system of the color ALU converts from the RGB color
space of the image sensor to
the CMY color space of the printer. The simplest conversion is a 1's
complement of the RGB data. However, this
simple conversion assumes perfect linearity of both color spaces, and perfect
dye spectra for both the color filters of
the image sensor, and the ink dyes. At the other extreme is a tri-linear
interpolation of a sampled three dimens'ronal
arbitrary transform table. This can effectively match any non-linearity or
differences in either color space. Such a
system is usually necessary to obtain good color space conversion when the
print engine is a color
electrophotographic
However, since the non-linearity of a halftoned ink jet output is very small,
a simpler system can be used. A
simple matrix multiply can provide excellent results. This requires nine
multiplies and six additions per contone pixel.
However, since the contone pixel rate is low (less than 1 Mpixei/sec) these
operations can share a single multiplier
and adder. The multiplier and adder are used in a color ALU which is shared
with the color compensation function.
Digital halftoning can performed as a dispersed dot ordered dither using a
stochastic optimized dither cell. A
halftone matrix ROM 116 is provided for storing dither cell coefl-icients. A
dither cell size of 32 x 32 is adequate to
ensure that the cell repeat cycle is not visible. The three colors - cyan,
magenta, and yellow - are all dithered using
the same cell, to ensure maximum co-positioning of the ink dots. This
minimizes 'muddying' of the mid-tones which
results from bleed of dyes from one dot to adjacent dots while still wet. The
total ROM size required is I ICByte, as
the one ROM is shared by the halftoning units for each of the three colors.
The digital halftoning used is dispersed dot ordered dither with stochastic
optimized dither matrix. While
dithering does not produce an image quite as 'sharp' as error diffusion, it
does produce a more accurate image with
fewer artifacts. The image sharpening produced by error diffusion is
artificial, and less wntrollable and accurate than
'unsharp mask' filtering performed in the contone domain. The high print
resolution (1,600 dpi x 1,600 dpi) results in
excellent quality when using a well formed stochastic dither matrix.
Digital halftoning is performed by a digital halftoning unit 217 using a
simple comparison between the
contone information from the DRAM 210 and the contents of the dither matrix
216. During the halftone process, the
resolution of the image is changed from the 250 dpi of the captured contone
image to the 1,600 dpi of the printed
image. Each contone pixel is converted to an average of40.96 halftone dots.
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
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The iCP incorporates an 16 bit microcontroller CPU core 219 to run the
miscellan~us camera functions,
such as reading the buttons, controlling the motor and solenoids, setting up
the hardware, and authenticating the refill
station. The processing power required by the CPU is very modest, and a wide
variety of processor cores can be used.
As the entire CPU program is run from a small ROM 220. Program compatibility
between camera versions is not
important, as no external programs are run. A 2 Mbit (256 Kbyte) program and
data ROM 220 is included on chip.
Most of this ROM space is allocated to data for outline graphics and fonts for
specialty cameras. The program
requirements are minor. The single most complex task is the encrypted
authentication of the refill station. The ROM
requirrs a single transistor per bit.
A Flash memory 221 may be used to store a 128 bit authentication code. This
provides higher security than
storage of the authentication code in ROM, as reverse engineering can be made
essentially impossible. The Flash
memory is completely covered by third level metal, making the data impossible
to extract using scanning probe
microscopes or electron beams. The authentication code is stored in the chip
when manufactured. At least two other
Flash bits are required for the authentication process: a bit which locks out
reprogramming of the authentication code,
and a bit which indicates that the camera has been refilled by an
authenticated refill station. The flash memory can
also be used to store FPN correction data for the imaging array. Additionally,
a phase locked loop resealing parameter
is stored is provided for scaling the clocking cycle to an appropriate correct
time. The clock frequency does not
require crystal accuracy since no date functions are provided. To eliminate
the cost of a crystal, an on chip oscillator
with a phase locked loop 124 is used. As the frequency of an on-chip
oscillator is highly variable from chip to chip,
the frequency ratio of the oscillator to the PLL is digitally trimmed during
initial testing. The value is stored in Flash
memory 121. This allows the clock PLL to control the ink jet heater pulse
width with sufficient axuracy.
A scratchpad SRAM is a small static RAM 222 with a 6T cell. The scratchpad
provided temporary memory
for the 16 bit CPU. 1024 bytes is adequate.
A print head interface 223 formats the data correctly for the print head. The
print head interface also provides
all of the timing signals required by the print head. These timing signals may
vary depending upon temperature, the
number of dots printed simultaneously, the print medium in the print roll, and
the dye density of the ink in the print
roll.
The following is a table of external connections to the print head interface:
Connection Function Pins
DataBits[0-71Independent serial data to the eight segments8
of the print head
BitClock Main data clock for the print head 1
ColorF.,nable[0-2]Independent enable signals for the CMY actuators,3
allowing different pulse times for
each color.
BankEnable[0-I]Allows either simuhaneous or interleaved 2
actuation of two banks of nozzles. This
allows two different print speed/power consumption
tradeoffs
NozzIeSelect[0-4)Selects one of 32 banks of noazies for simultaneous
acaration
ParallelXferClockLoads the parallel transfer register with 1
the data from the shift registers
Total
20
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
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requires a single transistor per bit.
A Flash memory 221 may be used to store a 128 bit authentication code. This
provides higher security than
storage of the authentication code in ROM, as reverse engin~ring can be made
essentially impossible. The Flash
memory is completely covered by third level metal, making the data impossible
to extract using scanning probe
microscopes or electron beams. The authentication code is stored in the chip
when manufactured. At least two other
Flash bits are required for the authentication process: a bit which locks out
reprogramming of the authentication
code, and a bit which indicates that the camera has been refilled by an
authenticated refill station. The flash memory
can also be used to store FPN correction data for the imaging array.
Additionally, a phase locked loop resealing
parameter is stored is provided for scaling the clocking cycle to an
appropriate correct time. The clock frequency
does not require crystal accuracy since no date functions are provided. To
eliminate the cost of a crystal, an on chip
oscillator with a phase locked loop 124 is used. As the frequency of an on-
chip oscillator is highly variable from chip
to chip, the frequency ratio of the oscillator to the PLL is digitally trimmed
during initial testing. The value is stored
in Flash memory 121. This allows the clock PLL to control the ink jet heater
pulse width with sufficient accuracy.
A scratchpad SRAM is a small static RAM 222 with a 6T cell. The scratchpad
provided temporary memory
for the 16 bit CPU. 1024 bytes is adequate.
A print head interface 223 formats the data correctly for the print head. The
print head interface also
provides all of the timing signals required by the print head. These timing
signals may vary depending upon
temperature, the number of dots printed simultaneously, the print medium in
the print roll, and the dye density of the
ink in the print roll.
The following is a table of external connections to the print head interface:
Connection Function Pins
DataBits[0-7]Independent serial data to the eight 8
segments of the print head
BitClock Main data clock for the print head 1
ColorEnable[0-2]Independent enable signals for the 3
CMY actuators, allowing different
pulse times for each color.
BankEnable[0-I]Allows either simultaneous or interleaved2
actuation of two banks of
nozzles. This allows two different
print speed/power consumption
tradeoffs
NozzleSelect[0-4]Selects one of 32 banks of nodes for 5
simultaneous actuation
ParallelXferClockLoads the parallel transfer register 1
with the data from the shift registers
Total 20
The print head utilized is composed of eight identical segments, each 1.25 cm
long. There is no connection
between the segments on the print head chip. Any connections required are made
in the external TAB bonding film,
which is double sided. The division into eight identical segments is to
simplify lithography using wafer steppers. The
segment width of 1.25 cm fits easily into a stepper field, As the print head
chip is Long and narrow (10 cm x 0.3 mm),
the stepper field contains a single segment of 32 print head chips. The
stepper field is therefore 1.25 em x 1.6 cm. An
average of four complete print heads are patterned in each wafer step.
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
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never driven at the sumo time as the image sensor is used. This is to avoid
voltage fluctuations and hot spots affecting
the image quality. Further, the transistors are located as far away from the
sensor as possible.
A standard JTAG (Joint Test Action Group) interface 228 is included in the ICP
for testing purposes and for
interrogation by the r~efili station. Due to the complexity of the chip, a
variety of testing techniques are required,
including BIST (Built In Self Test) and functional block isolation. An
overhead of 10% in chip area is assumed for
chip testing circuitry for the random logic portions. The overhead for the
large arrays the image sensor and the
DRAM) is smaller.
The JTAG interface is also used for authentication of the refill station. This
is included to ensure that the
cameras are only refilled with quality paper and ink at a properly constructed
refill station, thus preventing inferior
quality refills finm occurring. The camera must autharticate the refill
station, rather than vice versa. The secure
protocol is communicated to the refill station during the automated test
procedure. Contact is made to four gold plated
spots on the ICP/print head TAB by the refill station as the new ink is
injected into the print head.
Fig. 16 illustrates rear view of the next step in the construction process
whilst Fig. 17 illustrates a front
camera view.
Turning now to Fig. 16, the assembly of the camera system procteds via first
assembling the ink supply
mechanism 40. The flex PCB is interconnected with batteries only one 84 of
which is shown, which arc inserted in
the middle portion of a print roll 85 which is wrapped around a plastic former
86, An end cap 89 is provided at the
other end of the print roll 85 so as to fasten the print roll and batteries
fumly to the ink supply mechanism.
The solenoid coil is interconnected (not shown) to interconnects 97, 98 (Fig.
8) which include leaf spring
ends for interconnection with electrical contacts on the Flex PCB so as to
provide for electrical control of the solenoid.
Turning now to Figs. 17 - 19 the next step in the construction process is the
insertion of the relevant gear
chains into the side of the camera chassis. Fig. 17 illustrates a front camera
view, Fig. 18 illustrates a back side view
and Fig. 19 also illustrates a back side view. The first gear chain comprising
gear wheels 22, Z3 are utilised for
driving the guillotine blade with the gear wheel 23 engaging the gear wheel 65
of Fig. 8. The second gear chain
comprising gear wheels 24, 25 and 26 engage one end of the print roller 61 of
Fig. 8. As best indicated in Fig. 18, the
gear wheels mate with corresponding buttons on the surface of the chassis with
the gear wheel 26 being snap fitted
into corresponding mating hole 27.
Next, as illuseated in Fig. 20, the assembled platten unit is then inserted
between the print roll 85 and
aluminium cutting blade 43.
Turning now to Fig. 21, by way of illumination, there is illustrated the
electrically interactive components of
the camera system. As noted previously, the components are based around a Flex
PCB board and include a TAB film
58 which interconnects the printhead 102 with the image sensor and processing
chip 51. Power is supplied by two
AA type batteries 83, 84 and a paper drive stepper motor 16 is provided in
addition to a rotary guillotine motor 20.
An optical element 31 is provided for snapping into a top portion of the
chassis 12. The optical~element 31
includes portions defining an optical view finder 32, 33 which are slotted
into mating portions 35, 36 in view finder
channel 37. Also provided in the optical element 31 is a Tensing system 38 for
magnification of the prints left number
in addition to an optical pipe element 39 for piping light from the LED 5 for
external display.
Turning next to Fig. 22, the assembled unit 90 is then inserted into a front
outer case 91 which includes
button 4 for activation of printouts.
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
-20-
Tuming now to Fig. 23, next, the unit 92 is provided-with a snap-on back cover
93 which includes a slot 6
and copy print button 7. A wrapper label containing instructions and
advertising (not shown) is then wrapped around
the outer surface of the camera system and pinch clamped to the cover by means
of clamp strip 96 which can
comprise s flexible plastic or rubber strip.
Subsequently, the preferred embodiment is ready for use as a one time use
camera system that provides for
instant output images on demand. It will be evident that the preferred
embodiment further provides for a refillable
camera system. A used camera can be collected and its outer plastic cases
removed and recycled. A new paper roll
and batteries can be added and the ink cartridge refilled. A series of
automatic test routines can then be carried out to
ensure that the printer is properly operational. Further, in order to ensure
only authorised refills are conducted so as to
enhance quality, routines in the on-chip program ROM can be executed such that
the camera authenticates the
refilling station using a secure protocol. Upon authentication, the camera can
reset an internal paper count and an
external case can be fitted on the camera system with a new outer label.
Subsequent packing and shipping can then
take place.
It will be further readily evident to those skilled in the art that the
program ROM can be modified so as to
allow for a variety of digital processing routines. In addition to the
digitally enhanced photographs optimised for
mainstream consumer preferonces, various other models can readily be provided
through mere re-programming of the
program ROM. For example, a sepia classic old fashion style output can be
provided through a remapping of the
colour mapping function. A further alternative is to provide for black and
white outputs again through a suitable
colour remapping algorithm. Minimumless colour can also be provided to add a
touch of colour to black and white
prints to produce the effect that was traditionally used to colourize black
and white photos. Further, passport photo
output can be provided through suitable address remappings within the address
generators. Further, edge filters can
be utilised as is known in the field of image processing to produce sketched
art styles. Further, classic wedding
borders and designs can be placed around an output image in addition to the
provision of relevant clip arts. For
example, a wedding style camera might be provided. Further, a panoramic mode
can be provided so as to output the
well known panoramic format of images. Further, a postcard style output can be
provided through the printing of
postcards including postage on the back of a print roll surface. Further,
cliparts can be provided for special events
such as Halloween, Christmas etc. Further, kleidoscopic effects can be
provided through address remappings and
wild colour effects can be provided through remapping of the colour lookup
table. Many other forms of special event
cameras can be provided for example, cameras dedicated to the Olympics, movie
tie-ins, advertising and other specie)
events.
The operational mode of the camera can be programmed so that upon the
depressing of the take photo a first
image is sampled by the sensor array to determine irrelevant parameters. Next
a second image is again captured
which is utilised for the output. The captured image is then manipulated in
accordance with any special requirements
before being initially output on the paper roll. The LED light is then
activated for a predetermined time during which
the DRAM is refreshed so as to retain the image. If the print copy button is
depressed during this predetermined time
interval, a further copy of the photo is output. After the predetermined time
interval where no use of the camera has
occurred, the onboard CPU shuts down all power to the camera system until such
time as the take button is again
activated. In this way, substantial power savings can be realized.
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
-21
Ink Jet Printing
A large number of new forms of ink jet printers have been developed to
facilitate alternative ink jet
technologies for the preferred embodiment. Various combinations of ink jet
devices can be included in printer devices
incorporated as part of the present invention. Australian Provisional Patent
Applications relating to these ink jets:
CA 02399470 2005-04-14
-22-
Australian US
ProvisionalFiling Title Patent/Patent
Number Date Application
and
Filing
Date
P08066 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,227,652(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJO1)
P08072 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,213.588(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ02)
P08040 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6.213,589(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ03)
P08071 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6.231,163(July10. 1998)
Apparatus (IJ04)
P08047 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,247,795(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ05)
P08035 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,394,581(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ06)
P08044 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,244,691(July
Apparatus (IJ07) 10,
1998)
P08063 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6.257.704(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ08)
P08057 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,416.168(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ09)
P08056 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,220,694(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ10)
P08069 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,257,705(July10. 1998)
Apparatus (IJ11)
P08049 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,247,794(July
Apparatus (IJ12) 10.
1998)
P08036 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,234.610(July10. 1998)
Apparatus (IJ13)
P08048 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,247,793(July
Apparatus (IJ14) 10.
1998)
P08070 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,264,306(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ15)
P08067 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,241,342(Jug10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ16)
P08001 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,247,792(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ17)
P08038 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,264.307(Jug10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ18)
P08033 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,254,220(July
Apparatus (IJ19) 10,
1998)
P08002 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,234,611(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ20)
P08068 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,302,528(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ21)
P08062 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6.283.582(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ22)
P08034 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6.239.821(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ23)
P08039 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6.338,547(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ24)
P08041 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6.247.796(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ25)
P08004 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6.557,977(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ26)
P08037 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,390,603(July
Apparatus (IJ27) 10,
1998)
P08043 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,362,843(July
Apparatus (IJ28) )
0,
1998)
P08042 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,293.653(July10. 1998)
Apparatus (IJ29)
P08064 15-Jul-97 Image Creation Method and 6,312,107(July
Apparatus (IJ30) 10.
1998)
P09389 23-Sep-97 Image Creation Method and 6,227,653(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ31)
P09391 23-Sep-97 Image Creation Method and 6,234,609(July
Apparatus (IJ32) 10,
1998)
PP0888 12-Dec-97 Image Creation Method and 6.238,040(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ33)
PP0891 12-Dec-97 Image Creation Method and 6.188.415(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ34)
PP0890 12-Dec-97 Image Creation Method and 6.227.654~July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ35)
PP0873 12-Dec-97 Image Creation Method and 6,209.989duly10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ36)
PP0993 12-Dec-97 Image Creation Method and 6.247.791(July10. 1998)
Apparatus (IJ37)
PP0890 12-Dec-97 Image Creation Method and 6,336,710(July
Apparatus (IJ38) 10,
1998)
PP1398 19-Jan-98 An Image Creation Method 6.217.153(Jug
and Apparatus (IJ39) 10,
1998)
IR-CA Div 1
CA 02399470 2005-04-14
- 23 -
PP2592 25-Mar-98 An Image Creation Method 6.416.167(Julv
and Apparatus (IJ40) 10,
1998)
PP2593 25-Mar-98 Image Creation Method and 6,243.113(Julv10. 1998)
Apparatus (IJ41)
PP3991 9-Jun-98 Image Creation Method and 6,283,581(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ42)
PP3987 9-Jun-98 Image Creation Method and 6.247.790(July10, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ43)
PP3985 9-Jun-98 Image Creation Method and 6,260,953(July10. 1998)
Apparatus (IJ44)
PP3983 9-Jun-98 Image Creation Method and 6,267,469(Julyl0, 1998)
Apparatus (IJ45)
Ink Jet Manufacturing
Further, the present application may utilize advanced semiconductor
fabrication techniques in the
construction of large arrays of ink jet printers. Suitable manufacturing
techniques are described in the following
Australian provisional patent specifications:
IR-CA Div 1
CA 02399470 2005-04-14
-24-
Australian US Patent/Patent
ProvisionalFiling Title Application
Date and
Number Filine Date
P07935 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.224,780
Creation Apparatus (IJMO1)
(July 10.
1998)
P07936 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6,235.212
Creation Apparatus (IJM02)
(July l0,
1998
P07937 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.280,643
Creation Apparatus (IJM03)
(July 10.
1998)
P08061 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6,284,147
Creation Apparatus (IJM04)
(July 10.
1998)
P08054 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.214,244
Creation Apparatus (IJM05)
(July 10.
i998~
P08065 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.071,750
Creation Apparatus (IJM06)
(Ju1~10.
199
P08055 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.267,905
Creation Apparatus (IJM07)
(July 10,
1998)
P08053 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.251,298
Creation Apparatus (IJM08)
(July 10,
199
P08078 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.258,285
Creation Apparatus (IJM09)
(July 10.
1998)
P07933 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6,225,138
Creation Apparatus (IJM10)
(July 10.
1998)
P07950 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.241,904
Creation Apparatus (IJM11) (July
10. 1998)
P07949 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6,299,786
Creation Apparatus (IJM12)
~Julv 10,
199i~
P08060 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 09/I 13,124
Creation Apparatus (IJM13)
(July 10,
1998)
P08059 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.231,773
Creation Apparatus (IJM 14)
(July 10,
199
P08073 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6,190,93
Creation Apparatus (IJM15) i
(July 10.
1998)
P08076 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6,248.249
Creation Apparatus (IJM 16)
(July_I0.
1998)
P08075 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6,290,862
Creation Apparatus (IJM 17)
(July 10,
1998)
P08079 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.241,906
Creation Apparatus (IJM18)
(July 10,
1998)
P08050 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6,565,762
Creation Apparatus (IJM19)
(July 10,
1998)
P08052 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6,241.905
Creation Apparatus (IJM20)
(Ju1~10.
199
P07948 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.451.216
Creation Apparatus (IJM21 )
(July 10,
1998)
P07951 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.231.772
Creation Apparatus (IJM22)
IJuly 10,
1998)
IR-CA Div I
CA 02399470 2005-04-14
-25-
P08074 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.274,056
Creation Apparatus (IJM23)
(July 10.
1998)
P07941 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6,290,861
Creation Apparatus (IJM24)
(July 10,
1998)
P08077 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6 248,248
Creation Apparatus (IJM25)
(July 10,
1998)
P08058 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.306,671
Creation Apparatus (IJM26)
(July 10,
1998)
P08051 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.331,258
Creation Apparatus (IJM27)
(July 10.
1998)
P08045 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6. l 10.754
Creation Apparatus (IJM28)
(July 10,
1998)
P07952 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.294,101
Creation Apparatus (IJM29)
(July 10.
1998)
P08046 15-Jul-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.416,679
Creation Apparatus (IJM30)
(July 10,
1998)
P08503 11-Aug-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6,264,849
Creation Apparatus (IJM30a)
(July 10,
1998)
P09390 23-Sep-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6,254,793
Creation Apparatus (IJM31 )
(July 10.
1998)
P09392 23-Sep-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.235.211
Creation Apparatus (IJM32)
(July 10,
1998)
PP0889 12-Dec-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.235.211
Creation Apparatus (IJM35)
(July 10,
1998)
PP0887 12-Dec-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.264,850
Creation Apparatus (IJM36)
(July 10,
1998)
PP0882 12-Dec-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.258,284
Creation Apparatus (IJM37)
(Jug 10.
1998)
PP0874 12-Dec-97A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6,258.284
Creation Apparatus (IJM38)
(July 10,
1998)
PP1396 19-Jan-98A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6,228,668
Creation Apparatus (IJM39)
(July 10,
1998)
PP2591 25-Mar-98A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6,180,427
Creation Apparatus (IJM41 )
(July 10,
1998)
PP3989 9-Jun-98A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.171.875
Creation Apparatus (IJM40)
(July 10.
1998)
PP3990 9-Jun-98A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6,267,904
Creation Apparatus (IJM42)
(July 10,
1998)
PP3986 9-Jun-98A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.245.247
Creation Apparatus (IJM43)
(July 10,
1998]
PP3984 9-Jun-98A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.245,247
Creation Apparatus (IJM44)
(July 10,
1998)
PP3982 9-Jun-98A Method of Manufacture of an Image 6.231,148
Creation Apparatus (IJM45)
(July 10,
1998)
IR-CA Div 1
CA 02399470 2005-04-14
-26-
Fluid SUDpIV
Further, the present embodiment may utilize an ink delivery system to the ink
jet head. Delivery systems
relating to the supply of ink to a series of ink jet nozzles are described in
the following Australian provisional patent
specifications, the disclosure of:
Australian US Patent/Patent
Application
Provisional Filing Title
Date
and Filin Date
Number
P08003 15-Jul-97Supply Method and 6.350.023 ~Jttly
Apparatus (F1) 10, 1998)
P08005 15-Jul-97Supply Method and 6,318,849 (July
Apparatus (F2) 10. 1998)
A T~..:..~ ...,.7
AAotl.e~
MEMS Technology
Further, the present application may utilize advanced semiconductor
microelectromechanical techniques in
the construction of large arrays of ink jet printers. Suitable
microelectromechanical techniques are described in the
following Australian provisional patent specifications:
Australian US
Patent/Patent
Application
ProvisionalFiling Date Title and
Filing
Date
Number
1 ' '~ i
~d
ev~
e~~~
P08006 15-Jul-97 A device (MEMS02) 6,087,638(July I0, 1998)
~ c~ ~ ~ nnm m,.~., ~ n
~ , nnov
z
nnz
P08008 15-Jul-97 A device (MEMS04) 6,340,222(July IOL1998)
P08010 15-Jul-97 A device (MEMS05) 6.041.600(July 10 1998)
P08011 15-Jul-97 A device (MEMS06) 6,299.300(July 10. 1998)
P07947 15-Jul-97 A device (MEMS07) 6,067,797(July 10, 1998)
n~ ' c ~
r.. i
~MSA8
~ ~T ew~
~ Ea~H
~
P07944 15-Jul-97 A device (MEMS09) 6.286.935(July 10, 1998)
P07946 15-Jul-97 A device (MEMS10) 6,044.646(Juiy 10, 1998)
nn~ . nnm m,.~.. ~ n
~ , ~ nno~
z
nGC
~ ~
,1
DDS m~.. ~~e~~ - nnmy ~~
DDS '~ A rw..:"o "."~ nnm ir..~.
o-' n,re~w..a ir.r~r,rem m
n-rc
-
r
IR-CA Div 1
CA 02399470 2005-04-14
-27-
IR Technoloeies
Further, the present application may include the utilization of a disposable
camera system such as those
described in the following Australian provisional patent specifications:
Australian US
Patent/Patent
Application
Provisional Filing Title
Date and
Filine
Date
Number
PP0895 12-Dec-97 An Image Creation Method 6,231,148lJuly 10.
and Apparatus 1998)
(IRO 1 )
r~~ n rw..:"o ".,a r,rorw~a nnm
/rnnw m
rn
PP0869 12-Dec-97 A Device and Method 6,293,658(July 10,
(IR04) 1998)
PP0887 l2-Dec-97 Image Creation Method 6,614.560(July 10,
and Apparatus 1998)
(IR05)
PP0885 12-Dec-97 An Image Production 6,238,033(July 10,
System (IR06) 1998)
PP0884 12-Dec-97 Image Creation Method 6,312,070(July 10.
and Apparatus 1998)
(IR10)
PP0886 12-Dec-97 Image Creation Method 6,238.111(July 10,
and Apparatus 1998)
(IR12)
DD 1'7 A Tlo..:~.o ".."7 T~TorL....7
/TD 121
S ~
~ ~ r,~"
n~ nnm m..i.. rn
rz r
nn,a ~
o~rrrsv~~r~TT~
PP0877 12-Dec-97 A Device and Method 6,378.970(July 10.
(IR16) 1998
PP0878 12-Dec-97 A Device and Method 6.196.739(July 10,
(IR17) 1998)
J 1'1 A ll~..~:r.~, ....~1
TAofl..~..7 /1U 1
Q1
,~ .
PP0883 12-Dec-97 A Device and Method 6,270.182(July 10,
(IR19) 1998)
PP0880 12-Dec-97 A Device and Method 6,152.619(Ju1~10, 1998)
(IR20)
r ~ n rw..:,.o "."a n~ro.w,.a nnny i~
mD ~ T ~
~ -
DotCard Technologies
Further, the present application may include the utilization of data
distribution system such as that
rlPCrr;hPrl ;n the fnllnwino Anctralian nrnvicinnal natPnt c»ecificatinns
incomorated:
Australian
ProvisionalFiling Title US Patent/Patent
Date Annlication
Number and Filing Date
pD~ r c n nniyl~3~tl",--'.-~~,-=~oi
DDS rc r nnim nc~ /r"~.,
m rnnQ
)U
Artcam Technologies
Futher, the present application may include the utilization of camera and data
processing techniques such as
an Artcam type device as described in the following Australian provisional
patent specifications
IR-CA Div 1
CA 02399470 2005-04-14
-28-
Australia
US
Patent/Patent
Application
Provision Filing Title
Date and
FilinE
Date
al
Number
nn c n m,.t., ,
r ( n , nnov
t
,
~ ~ gi
,.
~ oT
r
P08505 11-Aug-97Image Processing Method and Not
Apparatus (ARTOIa) tiled
P07988 15-Jul-97Image Processing Method and 6,476,863(July 10,
Apparatus (ART02) 1998)
on ,c nni"Zm..t., ,n
r n~~ moos
e rT
"~
P08012 15-Jul-97 Image Processing Method 6,322,181(July 10.
and Apparatus (ART05) 1998)
P08017 15-Jul-97 Image Processing Method 6.597,817(July 10,
and Apparatus (ART06) 1998)
P08014 l-97 Media Device (ART07) 6,227,648(July 10,
15-J 1998)
u
rc nnn,~it",., ,n
r ~cn ,nnov
zT
"~
P08032 15-Jul-97 Image Processing Method 6,690.419(July 10,
and Apparatus (ART09) 1998)
r..t nnm '~-l~-I-9~$~
n~ ,
c ~
~ ,
~
nni"nir..t., tn
~rn~ ,nno~
~~~,mt"t., m ,nnQ~
i
P08030 15-Jul-97 Media Device (ART13) 6.196,541(July 10.
1998)
P08498 11-Aug-97 Image Processing Method Not
and Apparatus (ART14) filed
P07997 15-Jul-97 Media Device (ART15) 6,195.150(July 10,
1998)
P07979 15-Jul-97 Media Device (ART16) 6,362,868(July 10,
1998)
n~ reo,,:.. r~o.,:,.e i n n~r, nni, it"t., ,
, c w , n moos
r ~
,t ~rzo
~
.
~
, c n,roa;., r~o.,:,.o i n n nn~, m.,,.
r ~r, w ,
t n Z
~ nc~
~
"
~
P07982 15-Jul-97 aratus (ART19) 6 (July l0.
Method and A 431,6691998
Data Processin
pp
g
P07989 15-Jul-97 Method and Apparatus (ART20) 6,362,869(July 10,
Data Processin 1998
g
P08019 15-J aratus (ART21) 6,472,052(July l0.
l-97 Method and A 1998
Media Processin
u pp
g
P07980 15-Jul-97 Image Processing Method 6 (July 10.
and Apparatus (ART22) 356,7151998)
P07942 15-Jul-97 Image Processing Method Not
and Apparatus (ART23) filed
,c nni,,~m",.. ,n
r ~~r~r,nnov
ue
"~
P07938 15-Jul-97 Image Processing Method 6,636,216(July 10.
and Apparatus (ART25) 1998)
P08016 15-Jul-97 Image Processing Method 6,366,693(July 10,
and Apparatus (ART26) 1998)
P08024 l-97 aratus (ART27) 6.329,990(July 10,
15-J Method and A 1998)
e Processin
Ima
u pp
g
g
, c nnm m,.t., ,
, n , nnov
z
n~~
~
P07939 15-Jul-97 Data Processing Method and 6,459,495(July 10,
Apparatus (ART29) 1998)
P08501 11-Aug-97 Image Processing Method 6,137,500(July 10,
and Apparatus (ART30) 1998)
P08500 11-Aug-97 Image Processing Method 6.690.416(July 10,
and Apparatus (ART31) 1998)
t n : nn/, .. m ,ooa~
~ .t
a n
.
/nDT2~\
rn
a
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P08022 15-Jul-97 aratus (ART33) 6,398,328(July 10.
Method and A 1998
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P08029 15-Jul-97 Sensor Creation Method and Not
Apparatus (ART36) filed
P07985 15-Jul-97 Data Processing Method and Not
Apparatus (ART37) filed
P08020 15-Jul-97 aratus (ART38) 6,431,704(July 10,
Method and A 1998
Data Processin
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1R-CA Div 1
CA 02399470 2005-04-14
-29-
P08021 15-Jul-97 Data Processing Method and Not
Apparatus (ART40) filed
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P08000 15-Jul-97 Data Processing Method and 6,415,054(July 10,
Apparatus (ART43) 1998)
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P07934 15-Jul-97 Data Processing Method and 6,665.454(July 10,
Apparatus (ART45) 1998)
nnm2 ir.,~., ~n
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P08499 97 aratus (ART47) 6.486,886(July 10,
11 Method and A 1998)
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P08502 97 aratus (ART48) 6,381,361(July 10,
11 Method and A 1998)
A e Processin
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P07981 15 aratus (ART50) 6,317,192(July 10,
J Method and A 1998
l Data Processin
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u pp
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P08026 15-Jul-97 Image Processing Method 6,646,757(July 10,
and Apparatus (ART53) 1998)
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P08028 15-Jul-97 Image Processing Method 6.624,848(July 10,
and Apparatus (ART56) 1998)
P09394 97 aratus (ART57) 6.357,135(July 10,
23 Method and A 1998
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P09397 23-Sep-97 Data Processing Method and 6.271,931(July 10,
Apparatus (ART59) 1998)
P09398 23-Sep-97 Data Processing Method and 6,353.772(July 10,
Apparatus (ART60) 1998)
P09399 23-Sep-97 Data Processing Method and 6,106,147(July 10.
Apparatus (ART61) 1998)
P09400 23-Sep-97 Data Processing Method and 6,665.008(July 10,
Apparatus (ART62) 1998)
P09401 23-Sep-97 Data Processing Method and 6,304,291(July 10,
Apparatus (ART63) 1998)
nnir m..~., m
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P09403 23-Sep-97 Data Processing Method and 6,305.770(July 10,
Apparatus (ART65) 1998)
P09405 23-Sep-97 Data Processing Method and 6,289.262(July 10,
Apparatus (ART66) 1998)
PP0959 16-Dec-97 A Data Processing Method 6.315,200(July 10,
and Apparatus (ART68) 1998)
PP1397 19-Jan-98 A Media Device (ART69) 6,217,165(July 10,
1998)
IR-CA Div 1
CA 02399470 2005-04-14
-30-
Ink Jet Technoloeies
The embodiments of the invention use an ink jet printer type device. Of course
many different devices could
be used. However presently popular ink jet printing technologies are unlikely
to be suitable.
The most significant problem with thermal inkjet is power consumption. This is
approximately 100 times that
required for high speed, and stems from the energy-inefficient means of drop
ejection. This involves the rapid boiling
of water to produce a vapor bubble which expels the ink. Water has a very high
heat capacity, and must be
superheated in thermal inkjet applications. This leads to an efficiency of
around 0.02%, from electricity input to drop
1 ~ momentum (and increased surface area) out.
The most significant problem with piezoelectric inkjet is size and cost.
Piezoelectric crystals have a very
small deflection at reasonable drive voltages, and therefore require a large
area for each nozzle. Also, each
piezoelectric actuator must be connected to its drive circuit on a separate
substrate.This is not a significant problem at
the current limit of around 300 nozzles per print head, but is a major
impediment to the fabrication of pagewidth print
I S heads with 19,200 nozzles.
Ideally, the inkjet technologies used meet the stringent requirements of in-
camera digital color printing and
other high quality, high speed, low cost printing applications. To meet the
requirements of digital photography, new
inkjet technologies have been created. The target features include:
low power (less then 10 Watts)
high resolution capability (1,600 dpi or more)
photographic quality output
low manufacturing cost
small size (pagewidth times minimum cross section)
high speed (<2 seconds per page).
25 All of these features can be met or exceeded by the inkjet systems
described below with differing levels of
difficulty. 45 different inkjet technologies have been developed by the
Assignee to give a wide range of choices for
high volume manufacture. These technologies form part of separate applications
assigned to the present Assignee as
set out in the table below.
The inkjet designs shown here are suitable for a wide range of digital
printing systems, from battery powered
one-time use digital cameras, through to desktop and network printers, and
through to commercial printing systems
For ease of manufacture using standard process equipment, the print head is
designed to be a monolithic 0.5
micron CMOS chip with MEMS post processing. For color photographic
applications, the print head is 100mm long,
with a width which depends upon the inkjet type. The smallest print head
designed is IJ38, which is 0.35 mm wide,
giving a chip area of 35 square mm. The print heads each contain 19,200
nozzles plus data and control circuitry.
3 $ Ink is supplied to the back of the print head by injection molded plastic
ink channels. The molding requires
50 micron features, which can be created using a lithographical micromaehined
insert in a standard injection
molding tool. Ink flows through holes etched through the wafer to the nozzle
chambers fabricated on the front surface
of the wafer. The print head is connected to the camera circuitry by tape
automated bonding.
Cross-Referenced Annlications
The following table is a guide to recently filed cross-referenced United
States patent applications filed
concurrently herewith and discussed hereinafter with the reference being
utilized in subsequent tables when referring
IR-CA Div 1
CA 02399470 2005-04-14
-31-
to a particular case. These applications have also been filed as Australian
provisional patent applications (as
mentioned in the aforementioned tables) having the corresponding reference
number in their title:
DocketReference:Title US
No. Patent/Patent
Annlication
and
Filing
Date
IJOIUSIJ01 Radiant Plun er Ink Jet Printer 6 227.652Jul10 1998
IJ02USIJ02 Electrostatic Ink Jet Printer 6 213.588Jul10 1998
IJ03USIJ03 Planar Thermoelastic Bend Actuator6 213.589Jul10 1998
Ink Jet
IJ04USIJ04 Stacked Electrostatic Ink Jet Printer6 231.163Jul10 1998
IJ05USIJ05 Reverse S rin Lever Ink Jet Printer6 247 Jul10 1998
795
IJ06USIJ06 Paddle T a Ink Jet Printer 6.394.581Jul10 1998
IJ07USIJ07 Permanent Ma net Electroma etic 6 244 Jul10 1998
Ink Jet Printer 691
IJ08USIJ08 Planar Swin Grill Electrom netic 6 257 Julv
Ink Jet Printer 704 10
1998
IJ09USIJ09 Pum Action Refill Ink Jet Printer 6 416 Jul10 1998
168
IJ10USIJ10 Pulsed Ma netic Field Ink Jet Printer6 220,694Jul10 1998
IJI IJ11 Two Plate Reverse Firin Electroma 6 257 Julv
lUS netic Ink Jet Printer 705 10
1998
IJ12USIJ12 Linear Ste er Actuator Ink Jet 6 247 Julv
Printer 794 l0
1998
IJ13USIJ13 Gear Driven Shutter Ink Jet Printer6 234 Jul
610 10
1998
IJ14USIJ14 Ta ered Ma netic Pole Electroma 6 247 Jul
etic Ink Jet Printer 793 ~
10
1998
IJISUSIJ15 Linear S rin Electrom etic Grill 6 264 Julv
Ink Jet Printer 306 10
1998
IJ16USIJ16 Lorenz Dia hr Electrom etic Ink 6 241 Jul10 1998
Jet Printer 342
IJ17USIJ17 PTFE Surface Shooting Shuttered 6,247.792(Julyl0,
Oscillating Pressure Ink Jet 1998)
Printer
IJ18USIJ18 Buckle Gri Oscillatin Pressure 6 264 Jul10 1998
Ink Jet Printer 307
IJ19USIJI9 Shutter Based Ink Jet Printer 6 254.220Jul10 1998
IJ20USIJ20 Curlin Cal x Thermoelastic Ink 6 234.61Jul10.
Jet Printer I 1998
IJ21USIJ21 Thermal Actuated Ink Jet Printer 6 302 Jul10 1998
528
IJ22USIJ22 Iris Motion Ink Jet Printer 6 283.582Jul10 1998
IJ23USIJ23 Direct Firin Thermal Bend Actuator6 239.821JulJO 1998
Ink Jet Printer
IJ24USIJ24 Conductive PTFE Ben Activator Vented6 338 Jul10 1998
Ink Jet Printer 547
IJ25USIJ25 Ma netostrictive Ink Jet Printer 6 247.796Jul10 1998
IJ26USIJ26 Sha Memo Allo Ink Jet Printer 6 557.977Jul10 1998
IJ27USIJ27 Buckle Plate Ink Jet Printer 6 390 Jul10 1998
603
IJ28USIJ28 Thermal Elastic Rot Im eller Ink 6.362 Jul10 1998
Jet Printer 843
IJ29USIJ29 Thermoelastic Bend Actuator Ink 6 293 Jul10 1998
Jet Printer 653
IJ30USIJ30 Thermoelastic Bend Actuator Using 6,312,107~uly
PTFE and Corrugated J
0.
1998)
Co er Ink Jet Printer
IJ31USIJ31 Bend Actuator Direct Ink Su 1 Ink 6 227 Jul10 1998
Jet Printer 653
IJ32USIJ32 A Hi h Youn 's Modulus Thermoelastic6 234 Jul10 1998
Ink Jet Printer 609
IJ33USIJ33 Thermall actuated slotted chamber 6 238 7ul
wall ink 'et rinter 040 ~
10
1998
IJ34USIJ34 Ink Jet Printer having a thermal 6,188,415~Ju~10.
actuator comprising an external 1998)
coiled s rin
IR-CA Div 1
CA 02399470 2005-04-14
-32-
IJ35USIJ35 Trou h Container Ink Jet Printer 6.227 Jul10 1998
654
IJ36USIJ36 Dual Chamber Sin le Vertical Actuator6 209.989Jul10 1998
Ink Jet
IJ37USIJ37 Dual Nozzle Sin le Horizontal 6,247 Julv
Fulcrum Actuator Ink Jet 791 10
1998
IJ38USIJ38 Dual Nozzle Sin le Horizontal 6.336 Jul10 1998
Actuator Ink Jet 710
IJ39USIJ39 A sin le bend actuator cu ed addle6 217.153Julv
ink 'et rintin device 10
1998
IJ40USIJ40 A thermally actuated ink jet printer6.416.167(July10, 1998)
having a series of thermal
actuator units
IJ41USIJ41 A thermally actuated ink jet printer6.243,113(July10. 1998)
including a tapered heater
element
IJ42USIJ42 Radial Back-Curlin Thermoelastic 6.283.581Jul10 1998
Ink Jet
IJ43USIJ43 Inverted Radial Back-Curlin Thermoelastic6 247 Jul10 1998
Ink Jet 790
IJ44USIJ44 Surface bend actuator vented ink 6.260 Jul10 1998
su I ink 'et rinter 953
1J45USIJ45 Coil Acutuated Ma netic Plate 6 267,469Jul10 1998
Ink Jet Printer
Tables of Drop-on-Demand Inkiets
Eleven important characteristics of the fundamental operation of individual
inkjet nozzles have been
identified. These characteristics are largely orthogonal, and so can be
elucidated as an eleven dimensional matrix.
Most of the eleven axes of this matrix include entries developed by the
present assignee.
The following tables form the axes of an eleven dimensional table of inkjet
types.
Actuator mechanism (18 types)
Basic operation mode (7 types)
1 ~ Auxiliary mechanism (8 types)
Actuator amplification or modification method (17 types)
Actuator motion (19 types)
Nozzle refill method (4 types)
Method of restricting back-flow through inlet (10 types)
I S Nozzle clearing method (9 types)
Nozzle plate construction (9 types)
Drop ejecton direction (5 types)
Ink type (7 types)
The complete eleven dimensional table represented by these axes contains 36.9
billion possible
configurations of inkjet nozzle. While not all of the possible combinations
result in a viable inkjet technology, many
million configurations are viable. It is clearly impractical to elucidate all
of the possible configurations. Instead,
certain inkjet types have been investigated in detail. These are designated
IJOI to IJ45 above.
Other inkjet configurations can readily be derived from these 45 examples by
substituting alternative
25 configurations along one or more of the 11 axes. Most of the IJO1 to IJ45
examples can be made into inkjet print
heads with characteristics superior to any currently available inkjet
technology.
Where there are prior art examples known to the inventor, one or more of these
examples are listed in the
examples column of the tables below. The IJO1 to IJ45 series are also listed
in the examples column. In some cases, a
IR-CA Div 1
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
-33-
printer may be listed more than once in a table, where it shares
characteristics with more than one entry.
Suitable applications include: Home printers, Office network printers, Short
run digital printers, Commercial
print systems, Fabric printers, Pocket printers, Internet WWW printers, Video
printers, Medical imaging, Wide format
printers, Notebook PC printers, Fax machines, Industrial printing systems,
Photocopiers, Photographic minilabs etc.
The information associated with the aforementioned 1l dimensional matrix are
set out in the following
tables.
CA 02399470 2002-09-23
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It would be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that numerous
variations and/or modifications may be
made to the present invention as shown in the specific embodiments without
departing, from the spirit or scope of the
invention as broadly described, 'fhe present embodiments are, therefore, to be
considered in all respects to be
illustrative and not resa-ictive.
S
