Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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"A Gambling Apparatus and Method of Monitoring a Gambling Event"
THE PRESENT INVENTION relates to an apparatus and method for remotely
monitoring a live gambling event.
For many years it has been customary for legalised gambling to take
place in casinos. Typically, a casino will operate a number of games, such as
roulette or various card games, in which one or more players may take part and
place bets on the outcome of the game. For example, in the game of roulette, a
spinnable wheel is provided, having a series of numbered slots. The wheel is
set
spinning and a ball placed within the wheel such that as the wheel comes to a
halt the ball falls into one of the slots. Prior to the spinning of the wheel,
each
individual playing the game places a bet on a numbered board, against the
number corresponding to the numbered slot in which he predicts that the ball
will fall. If an individual's prediction is correct, and he wins the bet, he
is
credited with an amount based on the amount of his original bet.
The problem with this type of gambling casino is that it is essential for
each individual to be present within the casino while placing the bet. This
can
be inconvenient, especially as some jurisdictions do not permit the presence
of
casinos and therefore it is necessary for individuals to travel to a casino in
another jurisdiction, if they wish to place a bet.
It is known to provide so-called "online gambling" arrangements in
which. individuals may access a central computer remotely, such as via the
Internet. The central computer runs a "virtual game", simulating the games
that
regularly exist in a real casino, and on which individuals may place bets
electronically in a manner corresponding to that at a real casino. In such an
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online gambling arrangement, the central computer generates one or more
"random" variables on which the result of the game is based. The problem with
this type of online gambling arrangement is twofold. Firstly, it is not
possible
for a computer to generate a truly random variable and therefore there is a
risk
that individuals may eventually be able to calculate accurately or model the
variable that the computer will generate, before placing their bet. Such
individuals would then be able to cheat when placing bets. Secondly, and more
importantly, because the individual is presented with a computer generated
result which may have been produced in any way, individuals may be
suspicious that the gambling arrangement is not being conducted fairly and
that
they do not have a reasonable chance of their bet winning. Therefore,
individuals may be reluctant to use such online gambling arrangements.
It has been proposed that such online gambling arrangements be
conducted around a live gambling event, which is transmitted to the
individual,
remotely, using a video camera and display. For example, US-A-5,800,268
discloses a gambling arrangement in which an individual is able to place bets
on a live event whilst watching the event from a remote position via a
telephone
line connection. Thus, the individual is able to view the proceedings
surrounding the live gambling event and is therefore re-assured of the
fairness
of the gambling arrangement. The problem with this proposal is that sending
video pictures remotely requires a large bandwidth of communication. The
bandwidth required is not presently available to most users of the Internet.
For
example, to send a normal picture requires a baud rate of 256kb. However, a
typical domestic Internet connection has a maximum baud rate of 56kb and, in
practice, usually achieves a baud rate of only 28kb.
The present invention seeks to alleviate one or more of the above
problems.
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According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a gambling
apparatus comprising: at least one sensor for monitoring the progress of a
live
gambling event having a set up period and an end-result period and generating
at least a still representation of the live gambling event; a display operable
to
be in communication with the at least one sensor and capable of showing the at
least one still representation of the live gambling event; a communication
link
between the at least one sensor and the display; and a processor operable to
be
in communication with the display and to provide an animation corresponding
to the status of the live gambling event on the display.
Conveniently, the at least one sensor is capable of generating at least a
still representation of the live gambling event at the end-result period.
Preferably, the display provides a combination of the at least one still
representation and the animation.
Advantageously, the apparatus further comprises a bandwidth monitor
operable to determine information concerning the bandwidth of the
communication link between the at least one sensor and the display and to vary
the quantity of the data from the at least one sensor, displayed by the
display in
response to the bandwidth information from the bandwidth monitor.
Conveniently, the processor is provided on the communication link
between the at least one sensor and the display.
Preferably, the bandwidth monitor comprises; a high frequency signal
generator provided on the communication link between the at least one sensor
and the processor; and signal detection means operably connected to the
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processor, the high frequency signal having a series of harmonics such that,
in
response to the high frequency signal, the value of the frequency of the
highest
harmonic received is determined and communication of data to the processor at
that frequency is enabled.
Advantageously, the value of the frequency of the highest harmonic
received is determined periodically during communication of data between the
at least one sensor and the display.
Conveniently, the value of the frequency of the highest harmonic
received is determined every 100th of a second so as to allow variation of the
frequency of data transmission between the at least one sensor and the display
every 100th of a second.
Preferably, the communication link between the at least one sensor and
the display comprises the Internet.
Advantageously, the communication link between the at least one sensor
and the display comprises a telephone line.
Conveniently, the display and the processor are comprised in a personal
computer.
Preferably, the at least one sensor comprises a camera for capturing an
image of the live gambling event, the representation of the live gambling
event
being the image.
Advantageously, the image of the event shown by the display is a live
video image of the event.
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Conveniently, the image is a video image and means are provided to
determine changing parts of the video image, the data transmitted to the
display, via the processor, being supplemented only with changing parts of the
video image.
Preferably, the at least one sensor comprises first and second cameras,
each directable at a different view of the live gambling event.
Advantageously, the display shows an image from the first camera
during the set up period and an image from the second camera during the end-
result period.
Conveniently, the gambling apparatus further comprises data entry
means locatable adjacent the live gambling event and operable to be in
communication with the processor for entry of data relating to the status
and/or
end-result of the event and transmission to the processor.
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a
method of remotely monitoring a live gambling event having a set up period
and an end-result period comprising the steps of: monitoring the progress of
the
live gambling event and generating at least a still representation of the
event;
producing an animation of the gambling event; presenting the gambling event
at a location remote from the gambling event as a combination of the animation
and the generated representation of the live gambling event.
Conveniently, the at least one still representation of the live gambling
event comprises a still representation at the end-result period.
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Preferably, the animation and the generated image are presented as a
superimposition.
Advantageously, the step of monitoring the progress of the live gambling
event and generating at least a still representation of the event comprises
capturing at least a still image of the live gambling event.
Conveniently, the step of capturing at least a still image comprises
capturing at least a first still image of a first view of the event in the
setting up
period and capturing at least a second image of a second view of the event in
the end-result period, the first view being different from the second view.
Preferably, the captured image comprises a captured video image.
Advantageously, the step of determining the bandwidth of the
communication between the gambling event and the presentation location and
varying the quantity of data transmitted dependent on the bandwidth available.
Conveniently, the method is conducted using the apparatus described
above.
According to a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a
gambling apparatus comprising: at least one camera for capturing an image of a
live gambling event having a set up period and an end-result period; a display
operable to be in communication with the at least one camera and capable of
showing at least a still image of the live gambling event; a communication
link
between the at least one camera and the display; and a processor operable to
be
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in communication with the display and to provide an animation corresponding
to the status of the live gambling event on the display.
In order that the invention may be more readily understood and so that
further features thereof may be appreciated, embodiments thereof will now be
described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in
which:
Figure 1 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the invention; and
Figure 2 is a pictorial view of a display according to one embodiment of
the invention.
Referring to Figure 1 in which a schematic view of one embodiment of
the invention is shown, a live gambling event 1 is conducted in a casino. The
live gambling event described in relation to this embodiment of the invention
is
roulette but it is to be appreciated that any game that could be played in a
casino
could be used instead, such as card games, for example blackjack. As
explained earlier, it is to be appreciated that each game of roulette has a
setting-
up period in which bets may be placed; a spinning period in which the roulette
wheel is spun and an end-result period which begins when the wheel stops
spinning and the ball has fallen into one of the slots in the wheel.
Accordingly,
the status of the game may be defined as being within one of these three
periods. The roulette game 1 is played in the usual way, and bets are placed
by
individuals who are physically present at the roulette table. A first camera 2
is
directed at the roulette table and also the surrounding area such that the
casino
pit staff and any players at the table are within its field of vision.
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A second camera 3 is also provided adjacent the roulette table and is
directed upon the roulette wheel itself such that the roulette wheel fills its
field
of vision. It is preferred that that the second camera 3 is directly above the
roulette wheel and therefore provides a downward view of the roulette wheel.
Also provided in the casino is a pit terminal 4 which may be a personal
computer, and into which one of the casino pit staff may enter the status of
each
game and the end-result of each game.
Each of the first camera 2, the second camera 3, and the pit terminal 4
are connected by respective first, second and third communication lines 5, 6 &
7 to a server 8 resident in the casino. In this embodiment of the invention,
the
server 8 runs the Linux operating system but it is to be appreciated that, in
other
embodiments of the invention, different operating systems may be used. The
server 8 receives the images from the first and second cameras 2 and 3 and
also
the data from the pit terminal 4. The server 8 also receives instructions from
an
operational terminal 9 via a fourth communication line 10.
The casino staff enter a variety of data into the operational terminal 9.
Firstly, there is data relating to betting information on the basis of which
the
server 8 determines whether or not to accept large bets. Secondly, there is
accounting information on the basis of which the server 8 determines the
viability of the live gambling event 1. Thirdly, there is statistical
information on
the basis of which the server 8 detects any cheating that is being undertaken.
In response to these inputs, the server 8 generates the data required to
display a web page relating to the roulette game 1. The server 8 also tests
the
bandwidth available, in a manner described below, and calculates the quantity
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of data which can be reliably and efficiently sent on the basis of this
calculation, again in a manner described below.
The data is sent from the server 8 via a fifth communication line 11 to an
Internet service provider 12, which in turn transmits the data via the
Internet 13
to a personal computer 14 running web browser software capable of displaying
the data as a web page 15 to a remote individual operating the personal
computer 14.
Referring now to Figure 2, in which an image of the web page 15 is
shown, this embodiment of the invention will be further described. The web
page 15 displays an animated roulette wheel 16 which has the appearance of
spinning when the roulette game is in the spinning period and continues to
appear to rotate until the end-result period is reached. It is preferred that
the
animated roulette wheel appears to be spinning in a clockwise direction in all
even numbered roulette games and in an anti-clockwise direction for all odd
numbered games.
Also displayed in the web page 15 is a computer generated image of the
roulette table layout 17. The image of the roulette table layout 17 shows the
numbers on the real roulette table and allows the user of the personal
computer
14 to place bets using a "point and click" interface. The image of the
roulette
table layout 17 also shows each of the bets that have been placed in relation
to
the roulette game, pictorially.
An axea of the web page 15 depicts a live image 18 of the roulette game
1, as transmitted by the first camera 2 or the second camera 3. As is
described
in greater detail below, the live image 18 may be a stationary, still image of
the
roulette game 1 or may be a continuously moving video image of the roulette
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game, depending upon the bandwidth available via the connection between the
server 8 and the personal computer 14.
Also displayed on the web page 15 are a number of other indications and
buttons to assist the user of the personal computer 14 to place bets in
relation to
the roulette game 1. In particular, a timer 19, displays the time remaining in
the
set-up period in which bets may be placed. The game status indication 20
indicates whether the game is open for bets (i.e. the roulette game is in the
set-
up period) or is closed for bets (i.e. the game is in the spinning period or
in the
end-result period). In a results indication 21 a list of the last ten game
results is
displayed, with the most recent game result at the top. A lock-in button 22
can
be "clicked" by the user of the personal computer 14 in order to lock in his
bet.
Various other indications and buttons are provided on the web page 15, as will
be apparent to those of skill in the art.
In use, a game of roulette is played according to this embodiment of the
present invention, as follows. At the roulette game l, the first camera 2 is
directed at the roulette table and surrounding area and this image is sent via
the
first communication line 5, the server 8, the fifth communication line 11, the
Internet service provider 12, and the Internet 13 to the personal computer 14
and is displayed in the live image 18. The roulette game 1 is in its setting
up
period in which bets may be placed. The pit staff enter the status of the game
in
the pit terminal 4, and any bets that are placed by the individuals at the
roulette
game l and this information is transmitted via the communication line 7 to the
server 8 and then, in turn, to the personal computer 14 as for the image from
the
first camera 2. The web page 15 thus displays the status of the game in the
game status indication 20 and the animation of the roulette wheel 16 is
stationary. Any bets that are placed are shown on the roulette board 17. The
user of the personal computer 14 may place any bets using the "point and
click"
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interface on the roulette board 17 and when satisfied with the bets may click
the
lock-in button 22 in order to lock in the bets. Information regarding the bets
placed by the remote user is transmitted to the server 8 via the Internet 13,
the
Internet service provider 12 and the fifth communication line 11. The server 8
then records the information regarding the bet until the end-result period.
When the duration of the set up period has expired (usually 4 minutes)
no more bets are taken from individuals at the roulette game 1, the roulette
wheel of the roulette game 1 is set spinning and the information regarding the
change in status of the game is entered by the pit staff in the pit terminal
4. This
information is transmitted to the server 8 via the third communication line 7,
in
response to which the server 8 switches the camera image sent to the personal
computer 14 to the image from the second camera 3. The server 8 also,
simultaneously, sends to the personal computer 14, the data regarding the
change of status of the game. Accordingly, substantially simultaneously with
the spinning of the roulette wheel on the roulette table 1, the web page 15 is
updated with the change of status information such that the game status
indication 20 changes to "closed" and no new bets are allowed to be placed on
the roulette board 17. Furthermore, the roulette wheel animation 16 begins its
spinning animation and the roulette table live image 18 displays the image
from
the second camera 3.
When the roulette wheel of the roulette game 1 stops spinning and the
ball falls in the slots, the game enters its end-result period. The pit staff
enter
the end-result (i.e. the number of the slot into which the ball fell) in the
pit
terminal 4 and this information is transmitted to the server 8 which, in turn,
sends the appropriate data to the personal computer 14. The web page 15 is
thus
updated, such that the new result is shown in the results indication 21, the
animation of the roulette wheel 16 stops and the live image 18 of the roulette
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wheel of the roulette game 1 in the end-result position is shown. If the
individual using the personal computer 14 placed a winning bet then the
winnings are transmitted accordingly.
After a predetermined interval, the pit staff commence a new roulette
game, by clearing the table of the roulette game 1 and entering in the pit
terminal 4 that a new setting up period has begun. This information is sent to
the server 8, in response to which the server 8 transmits the image from the
first
camera 2 to the personal computer 14, together with the data regarding the
change of status of the game to the personal computer 14. The web page 15
then updates the game status indication 20 to "open" to show that bets may be
placed on the roulette board 17 and the image 18 of the roulette game 1 is
switched to that of the view from the first camera 2. The process, as
described
above, may then be repeated.
In relation to the above process, it is to be appreciated that, in order to
ensure that the user of the personal computer 14 is convinced of the fairness
of
the gambling arrangement, the live image 18 of the roulette table 1 shows the
end-result of the roulette table substantially simultaneously with the end-
result
occurring at the live gambling event. Similarly, in order to avoid possible
cheating by a user of the personal computer 14, by placing bets after the
spinning period has ended, the data and images regarding the roulette game on
the roulette table 1 are transmitted substantially instantaneously to the
personal
computer 14 and displayed on the web page 15.
In order to achieve this, a system is provided to monitor the bandwidth
of the connection between the server 8 and the personal computer 14 and the
quantity of video information from the first camera 2 or the second camera 3
that is transmitted from the server 8 is varied according to the bandwidth
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available. In particular, a signal generator (not shown) attached to the
server 8
generates a high frequency signal which is transmitted via the fifth
communication line 11, to the Internet service provider 12 and then to the
Internet 13 and subsequently to the personal computer 14, in addition to the
data needed to update the web page 15. The high frequency signal has a series
of harmonics that correspond to the exact frequencies that the server 8 has
the
capability to send. The personal computer 14 receives the signal and records
the
highest harmonic that has been received. The personal computer 14 then
transmits to the server 8 the value of the highest frequency received. The
server
8 then transmits data to the personal computer 14 using this frequency.
The high frequency signal is transmitted to the personal computer 14
every 100th of a second and, similarly, the personal computer 14 returns to
the
server 8 the value of the highest harmonic received every 100th of a second.
Accordingly, the frequency of which the server 8 transmits data to the
personal
computer 14 is continually changeable, depending upon the available
bandwidth of the connection between the server 8 and the personal computer
14.
In response to the bandwidth calculated by the server 8 to be available
for transmitting data to the personal computer 14, the amount of information
relating to the image from either the first camera 2 or second camera 3 that
is
transmitted from the server 8 is varied. In particular, if there is
insufficient
bandwidth for the entire video image to be sent to the personal computer 14
then only those parts of the image which are changing significantly are sent
to
the personal computer 14 which then updates the corresponding part of the live
image 18 of the roulette game 1. If the bandwidth available for transmitting
information between the server 8 and the personal computer 14 is insufficient
for any form of live video image then a series of still images are displayed
in
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the live image 18. However, it is to be appreciated that the image 18 of the
roulette table 1 must, at least, show a still image of the roulette table at
the
beginning of the end-result period.
While this embodiment of the invention has been described in relation to
single personal computer 14, it is to be understood that in further
embodiments,
a plurality of personal computers could be provided, each separately in
communication with the server 8. In this way, a plurality of users may place
bets remotely.
As has been explained earlier, in some other embodiments of the
invention, the live gambling event 1 is a game other than roulette. For
example,
the game may be the card game blackjack (also known as pontoon) which, in
general terms, is played as follows. A plurality of card hands are dealt, each
comprising two cards. In accordance with the rules of the card game, each card
has a numerical value. Once each hand of two cards has been dealt, the setting
up period begins in which a bet may be placed in relation to any of the card
hands. Further cards are then dealt to each hand in turn in the subsequent
dealing period. Finally, there is the end-result period, when the dealing for
each
hand is finished and the winning hand is determined as that which has the
highest total value of cards, without exceeding a value of twenty one.
Accordingly, in this embodiment of the invention, the first and second
cameras 2,3 are directed at a card game table on which the cards are dealt.
The
first camera 2 is directed at the card game table and also the surrounding
area
such that the casino pit staff and any players at the table are within its
field of
vision. The second camera 3 is directed upon the card game table itself such
the
any dealt card hands fill its field of vision. On the web page 15, an
animation of
cards being dealt is displayed instead of the animated roulette table 16 of
the
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first embodiment of the invention. Similarly, the computer generated image of
the roulette table image 17 is replaced by a computer generated image of the
dealt cards allowing the user of the personal computer 14 to place bets using
a
"point and click" interface. Furthermore, the live image 18 depicts the image
of
the cards on the table captured by the first or second camera 2,3. In other
respects, the gambling apparatus is arranged substantially the same as for the
first embodiment of the invention.
In use of this embodiment of the invention, the image captured by the
first camera 2 is transmitted to the personal computer 14 and is displayed in
the
live image 18 as described in relation to the first embodiment of the
invention.
In accordance with the rules of the blackjack game, a plurality of card hands
are
dealt on the card game table and these are visible both to individuals
physically
present at the card game table and to the user of the personal computer 14 who
may observe the image 18 of the dealt card hands. Once the card hands have
been dealt, the game is in its setting up period in which bets may be placed.
The
pit staff enter the status of the game in the pit terminal 4, and any bets
that are
placed by the individuals at the card game table and this information is
transmitted to the personal computer 14 as described in relation to the first
embodiment of the invention. The animation of the dealt cards that is
displayed
corresponds to this status of the game. The user of the personal computer 14
may place bets on one or more of the dealt card hands in a manner equivalent
to
that described in the first embodiment.
When the duration of the set up period has expired, no more bets are
accepted from individuals at the blackjack game. The pit staff prepare to deal
further cards which commences the dealing period of the game that corresponds
to the spinning period of the roulette game. The information regarding the
change in status of the game is entered by the pit staff in the pit terminal
4. This
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information is transmitted to the personal computer 14 which then updates the
web page 15 in a corresponding manner as for the first embodiment of the
invention. The pit staff then proceed to deal any further cards in relation to
each
previously dealt card hand in accordance with the rules of black] ack until
each
hand is finished.
When the dealing in relation to each card hand is finished, the game
enters its end-result period. The pit staff enter the end-result (i.e. the
winning
card hand or hands) as for the first embodiment of the invention and if the
individual using the personal computer 14 placed a winning bet then the
winnings are transmitted accordingly. As for the first embodiment of the
invention, after a predetermined interval, the pit staff commence a new
blackjack game, by clearing the card game table, dealing new hands and
entering in the pit terminal 4 that a new setting up period has begun. The
process previously described may then be repeated.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the live gambling
event 1 comprises a video slot machine. The slot machine is one generally
known in the art comprising three independently spinnable wheels, a series of
symbols being provided at regular intervals along the outer rim of each wheel.
The three wheels are arranged, with their respective axes in line, in a
housing.
The housing has an elongate window, parallel to the axes of the three wheels,
through which at least one symbol on each wheel is visible. The symbol on
each wheel that is visible changes as the wheel spins.
The normal function of such a video slot machine is generally as
follows. A bet is placed in relation to the video slot machine in a setting up
period. The wheels of the slot machine are then set spinning which commences
the spinning period of the game. Each of the three wheels of the video slot
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machine is stopped at a random moment such that a particular symbol on each
wheel is visible through the window in the housing of the video slot machine.
Once each wheel is stopped, the end-result period of the game begins and
winnings are determined on the basis of the particular combination of symbols
on the three wheels visible through the window in the housing of the video
slot
machine.
In this embodiment of the invention, instead of the first and second
cameras 2, 3, a sensor detects the movement of each of the three wheels of the
video slot machine and, in particular, which of the symbols is visible on each
wheel through the window in the housing of the video slot machine.
Furthermore, instead of the pit terminal 4, a further sensor automatically
detects
the status of the game.
In use of this embodiment of the invention, the sensor detects the
position of each of the three wheels of the video slot machine and generates a
corresponding digitised representation of the image that would be visible of
the
three wheels of the video slot machine through the window in the housing by an
individual physically present at the video slot machine. The generated
representation is transmitted to the personal computer 14 and is displayed in
the
live image 1 ~ as described in relation to the first embodiment of the
invention.
The user of the personal computer 14 may then place a bet in relation to the
video slot machine during this setting up period. When the duration of the set
up period (usually 10 seconds) has expired the wheels of the video slot
machine
are set spinning. The spinning of the wheels is detected by the further
sensor,
which, in turn, transmits the information regarding the change of status of
the
game to the personal computer 14. The personal computer 14 then updates the
web page 15 in a corresponding manner as for the first embodiment of the
invention.
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When each of the three wheels of the video slot machine has stopped,
the end-result period begins. The generated representation of the symbols that
are visible on the video slot machine is transmitted to the personal computer
14
and is displayed in the live image 18. If the individual using the personal
computer 14 placed a winning bet then the winnings are transmitted
accordingly. A new game on the video slot machine is then begun with the
further sensor transmitting to the personal computer 14 an indication of the
start
of the setting up period in which new bets may be taken. The process
previously described may then be repeated.
It is to be appreciated that in other embodiments of the invention, a
different number of wheels may be provided in the video slot machine instead
of the three wheels described above. In particular, it is envisaged that video
slot
machines having one, five or even nine wheels may be provided.
In the present specification "comprise" means "includes or consists of
and "comprising" means "including or consisting of'.
The features disclosed in the foregoing description, or the following
claims, or the accompanying drawings, expressed in their specific forms or in
terms of a means for performing the disclosed function, or a method or process
for attaining the disclosed result, as appropriate, may, separately, or in any
combination of such features, be utilised far realising the invention in
diverse
forms thereof.
