Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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Description
Machine-detectable adhesive tape
The invention relates to an adhesive tape for a flying
reel change of flat web material wound up on reels,
equipped with at least one cleavable adhesive system,
and to a splicing method for the flying reel change of
flat web material wound up on reels.
The flying reel change is a familiar method in paper
mills or the like of replacing an old paper reel which
has virtually been unwound by a new one without having
to stop the high-speed machines. The end of the old
paper web is in this case adhesively bonded to the
start of the new paper web, in order to ensure
operation which is as continuous as possible. For this
purpose, use is made of double-sided self-adhesive
tapes, that are known as tabs, which are firstly highly
adhesive and tacky but secondly, on account of their
water-soluble self-adhesive compounds and paper
,.carriers are not disruptive when the paper. wasteis
reused in the papermaking machine. Classically, the
tabs are stuck to the web start manually; this process
requires the use of specialist personnel and leads to
results which are technically not advantageous, since
the adhesions are relatively thick as a result of the
sequence of paper webs and adhesive strips. Diverse
products can be obtained for the adhesion during a
flying reel change, in particular those which, in
addition to a paper carrier, have a water-soluble self-
adhesive compound coated on both sides.
EP 418 527 A2 discloses a method of preparing a
printing material web reel in a reel changer of a
rotary press, in which adhesive strips are used which
are subdivided into three zones (column 3, line
12 ff.and figs. 1 and 2), the central zone 6 being
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perforated. Tearing then takes place at this
perforation.
However, in practice adhesive tapes of this type have
serious disadvantages, in particular as a result of the
adhesive areas which are present after the splice.
However, DE 196 28 317 Al has also already disclosed
adhesive tape for such applications in which, after the
splice has been carried out, adhesive areas no longer
occur, use being made there of a cleavable paper
carrier, which cleaves during the splice and, after the
splice has been carried out, covers the adhesive
compounds. DE 196 32 689 Al also discloses a similar
adhesive tape for this application, but here a
cleavable paper carrier is used, which cleaves over the
entire width of the adhesive tape.
The non-adhesive covering of adhesive regions which are
otherwise open is disclosed by DE 196 32 689 A2. Here,
an adhesive tape for dynamic loadings during the
splicing process is described, whose paper carrier
cleaves and covers -- th-e-- -adhesive- compounds -with its.
residues.
DE 198 30 673 shows an adhesive tape for the flying
reel change in paper conversion machines or the like,
which has a paper carrier coated on both sides with a
water-soluble self-adhesive compound. An edge region
of the rear of the adhesive tape is equipped with a
single-sided adhesive tape which, for its part, has a
cleavable paper carrier.
A further variant is described in DE 198 30 674. Here,
an adhesive tape with two cleaving strips is
illustrated.
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bE 199 02 179 A2 also shows an adhesive tape for a
splicing method. On its non-acdhesive rear, tha.s
adhesive tape bears a double-sided adhesive tape which
has a cleavable paper carrier, cleaves during the
splicing method and covers the respective adhesives.
In order to avoid tears during the flying reel change,
tbe laminated adhesive tape with a paper carrier of
cleavable paper is arranged to be moved in,
specifically at a certain distance from the
longitudinal edge of the adhesive tape.
It is an, object of the invention to provide an adhesive
tape and a splicing method which does not exhibit the
disadvantages of the prior art, or only to a reduced
extent, and which permits automated control of the
splicing method.
This object is achieved in a manner that is surprising
and cannot be foreseen by those skilled in the art by an
adhesive tape for the flying reel change of flat web
material wound up on reels, equipped with at least one
cleavable adhesive system (6), characterized in that the
adhesive tape (1) is equipped with at least orie device
which can be detected optically by means of a detector,
namely a bar code, a diffraction grating or a hologram,
it being possible for additional information to be
transmitted in addition to the actual detection effect by
means of the device.
--
A further object of the invention is the adhesive tape as
described above, which is characterized by at least one
main carrier (2), at least one layer of self-adhesive
compound (3) on the top and at least one cleavable
adhesive system (6) dn the bottom.
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3A
Further still, another embodiment of the invention is
the adhesive tape as described above characterized in
that the main carrier (2) has at least one optically
detectably layer (0).
Further, it is the object of the invention to provide
a use of an adhesive tape as described herein for a
splicing method for the flying reel change of flat web
material wound up on reels, in which the uppermost
paper web (11) of a new reel is fixed to the web (12)
lying underneath with an adhesive tape (1), which is
equipped with at least one main carrier (2), at least
one layer of a self-adhesive compound (3) on the top
and at least one cleavable system (6) on the bottom,
and part of the self-adhesive compound (3) which is
needed for the splicing process is exposed, whereupon
the new reel equipped in this way is placed beside an
old reel which has been unwound virtually completely
and is to be replaced, and is accelerated to
substantially the same rotational speed as the latter,
is then pressed against the old web (13), the exposed
self-adhesive compound (3) of the adhesive tape (1)
bonding adhesively to the old web (13) at
substantially the same speeds of the webs, while at
the same time the cleavable system (6) cleaves in such
a way that, following the cleaving operation, no
adhesive regions are exposed, and the time of the
splicing operation being determined by a detector, the
adhesive tape (1) or at least a part thereof being
detected optically by the detector.
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3B
In accordance with that stated above, the invention
relates to an adhesive tape for the flying reel
change of flat web material wound up on reels, the
adhesive tape having at least one cleavable adhesive
system.
According to the invention, this adhesive tape is
equipped with at least one device that can be
detected optically by means of a detector.
The invention therefore provides an adhesive tape
which has integrated in it the function of the
signal label otherwise stuck on later.
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Use is very advantageously made of an adhesive tape
which has at least one main carrier with at least one
layer of a self-adhesive compound on the top. On the
bottom of the adhesive tape there is the cleavable
system, preferably in the form of a strip of a
cleavable system, which is likewise equipped to be
self-adhesive on the open side. During the splice,
this cleavable system cleaves in such a way that no
adhesive residues remain and hamper the passage of the
splice through the machine.
For the structure of the label according to the
invention, in principle use can be made of all adhesive
tapes which can be used for the flying reel change
("Easy Splice"). For example, reference should be made
here to DE 196 28 317 Al, (DE 196 32 689 A1), DE 198
30 673 Al, DE 198 30 674 Al, DE 198 41 609 Al, DE 199
02 179 Al, EP 0 757 657 B1.
In a preferred expansion of the invention, the main
carrier of the adhesive tape is equipped in such a way
that it is used for the machine detection. In a
-particularly advantageous -embodiment of the- invention,
the main carrier has at least one layer that can be
detected optically. This is preferably on the top
(outer) side of the carrier, that is to say on the side
of the self-adhesive compound, in order to be
accessible to the detector.
The detectors which can be used are optical reading
systems, for example scanners. In this case, detection
takes place without contact. The optically detectable
devices can be, for example, bar codes, which can be
read with a laser. When bar codes are used, in
addition to the actual detection action, additional
information can be transmitted, for example statements
about the type or web thickness of the new reel. Thus,
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if reels of different type or composition are used, the
processing system can automatically be adjusted to the
new processing conditions without further external
control being required. This further results in the
5 advantage that, already at the preliminary stage of the
actual processing, further processes can be controlled
by means of automatic detection of the reels prepared
in this way, for example the storage and the stock
keeping, the paper preparation or the like.
Optical reflectors or diffraction gratings which are
fitted in or on the main carrier of the adhesive tape
function in a-similar way. These can likewise be
detected optically without contact and initiate the
splicing operation. Use may advantageously be made of
adhesive tapes which are provided with at least one
hologram. These systems are advantageously read by
using lasers. It is also possible, for example, to use
systems corresponding to DE 199 35 775 Al with a
polymer carrier in which, at points associated with
individual information units, atoms and/or molecules
that change the refractive index are introduced as a
-.-func:tion of the information to be entered.=- It --i:s _also
possible to use information carriers which have a
plurality of plies of a polymer carrier, through which
it is possible to read from and, if appropriate, write
to a preselected polymer carrier ply, in this regard
cf., for example, DE 199 47 782 Al.
A further example of optically detectable devices is
specific colorations of the main carrier, which can
likewise be registered by suitable detection systems.
Here, reference should be made by way of example to
systems corresponding to DE 199 32 902, a polymer
carrier and an additional layer being provided, and the
additional layer containing a dye and being capable of
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being changed optically locally in order to store
information.
The inventive adhesive tape is detected during the
acceleration of the paper reel and thus triggers the
splicing operation at the correct time. The inventive
adhesive tape thus performs functions which have
previously been provided by additional labels or
markings. The labels previously used cause sources of
error, since the signal generator and the adhesive
splice tape have to be adjusted accurately to each
other.
In previous methods, the detection is ensured as
standard by an aluminized label. In this case, there is
the danger that the label will be wrongly positioned,
as a result of which several problems can occur.
Firstly, the label can be stuck outside the detection
field of the detector. In this case,. the reel changer
does not detect the splice and the reel change does not
take place, that is to say the machine has to be
.stopped,. the paper has..to bethreaded.-m.anuall.y. in.to.--the,
press.
Secondly, the distance between splice and aluminized
label must be defined accurately and also maintained
accurately. If these distances do not agree, the old
paper web will be cut off either too early or too late.
In the event that it is cut off too early, it can occur
that the adhesion between the new reel and the web
running out has not yet taken place adequately, and a
break then occurs, which also results in machine
stoppages again. If the old web is cut off too late,
the projecting paper residue, what is known as the
flag, is lengthened. Too long a flag can project out
of the paper web in the further processing process,
such as the printing, and can become caught on
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deflection rollers or in the printing unit and thus
lead to disruption or breaks.
Thus, firstly inaccuracies in the sticking lead to a
disrupted function, secondly malfunctions are based on
the fact that the signal label falls off or "slips" on
the reel. Furthermore, the signal label provides an
additional adhesive bond at which, in the event of
partial separation of the label, adhesive areas can be
exposed in an uncontrolled manner and disrupt the paper
processing process, for example stick the paper
together in an uncontrolled manner.
As a result of the integration of the switching
function directly into the adhesive splicing tape, the
splicing reliability could be increased considerably as
compared with the previous procedure, substantially
fewer malfunctions were established.
An additional advantage of the invention is that
information can be passed on to the process control via
the adhesive splicing tape without contact, for example
information about the current rotational speed of the
new reel. The invention therefore also permits, in the
..event ...of malfunctions .,of-:.=the apparatus,.: for...example a.
new reel that is not running correctly (wrong speed,
imbalance or the like), the initiation of an emergency
stop or introduction of other measures to correct the
error.
The main carrier used is preferably a tear-resistant
paper or film carrier. The following carrier materials
may be listed here by way of example: slightly creped
papers, machine-glazed body papers, one-sided coated
smooth body papers, two-sided coated, compacted,
printable decorative papers, single-sided double
(twofold) coated, woodfree, highly glossy kraft papers,
without wishing to restrict the selection of the
carrier materials unnecessarily by these examples.
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It should be pointed out that cleavable adhesive tapes
in the sense of DE 196 32 689 Al, in which the (main)
carrier of the adhesive tape itself cleaves, can also
be used. In this case, the cleavable carrier should
then be configured to be detectable in accordance with
that stated further above.
Use is advantageously made of a cleavable system which
has a considerably lower cleavage strength than a paper
carrier which has to absorb tensile forces. The
cleavable system or systems are preferably based on
sized highly consolidated paper, on a composite of
paper and film or on a composite of two films, it being
possible for the composite to consist of papers and/or
films connected in a defined point-like and/or linear
manner. For this purpose, for example, the following
papers, paper composite systems or films are
particularly suitable:
- easily cleavable paper systems, for example non
wet-strength papers
-= duplex papers
(papers laminated together in a defined manner,
the cleaving operation proceeds extremely
homogeneously; no stress peaks arise, for example
as a result of inhomogeneous compaction. These
papers are used for the production of wallpapers
and filters.)
- highly consolidated papers glued together in a
defined manner (papers with a high cleavage
strength).
The glueing can be carried out, for example, with
starch, starch-containing derivatives, wallpaper
pastes based on methyl cellulose (tesa paste,
tesa AG, Hamburg; Methylan , Henkel KgaA,
Di.isseldorf) or polyvinyl alcohol derivatives.
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Such systems are described, for example, in EP 0
757 657 Al.
- cleavable systems in which the cleavage forces are
determined by the size of the adhesion points;
such systems are described, for example, in DE 198
41 609 Al.
- coextruded films.
It is particularly advantageous if the cleavage
strength of the cleavable system is 5 to 70 cN/cm, in
particular 12 to 60 cN/cm. In relation to cleavage
strength and its measurement, reference is made to DE
199 02 179 Al.
In a very advantageous embodiment, the distance (V) of
the double-sided adhesive tape (6) from the front edge
(longitudinal edge 14) of the main carrier is up to 15
mm, in particular 0.5 to 15 mm, preferably 1 to 7 mm,
very preferably 1.5 to 3.5 mm.
If a plurality of cleavable systems is applied to the
adhesive tape, then the -dis,tance.::-.of the -cle.avable.
systems from one another is advantageously 3 to 50 mm.
Distances of 25 to 45 mm, quite particularly distances
of 30 to 40 mm, are selected.
The cleavable system or systems advantageously have the
same width as the main carrier. In a further
beneficial embodiment, on the other hand, it is
advantageous if the main carrier is wider than the
cleavable system.
The width of the cleavable system is preferably 3 to 40
mm, in particular 6 to 12 mm.
The amount by which the cleavable material is
advantageously moved in (distance V) in the region of
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the front longitudinal edge 14 is up to 15 mm, in
particular 0.5 to 15 mm, preferably 1 to 7 mm, very
preferably 1.5 to 3.5 mm.
5 In the case of a plurality of cleavable systems on the
adhesive tape, these can consist of the same material
and thus exhibit the same cleavage forces, but it can
also be advantageous to provide the cleavable systems
from different material, so that these possess
10 different cleavage forces.
In a very preferred embodiment of the invention, the
self-adhesive compound used (in the sense of the self-
adhesive compound corresponding to item numbers 3, 8
and/or 9 of the figures) is an acrylic contact adhesive
compound. Both water-soluble and water-insoluble
acrylics can advantageously be used.
Furthermore, natural and synthetic rubber compounds and
also dispersions of the abovedescribed compounds can
also be used. It should be pointed out that, in
principle, all basic types of contact adhesive
c_ompounds which meet the criteria according to---the
invention can be used.
The self-adhesive compound 9 is very preferably
colorless and/or transparent, in order to maintain good
transmissivity for light.
In a further preferred embodiment, the self-adhesive
compound is provided with a covering which, if
appropriate, is provided with a perforation or a slit
in the longitudinal direction. The slit can preferably
be provided at a distance A of 20 to 40 mm from the
longitudinal edge 15 of the adhesive tape which is
opposite the front longitudinal edge 14, in the
vicinity of which the cleavable system 6 is arranged.
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The adhesive tape is employed in reel changers in which
the splice detection is carried out without contacts.
The adhesive tape is preferably employed in methods as
described in more detail in the following text.
The invention relates further to a splicing method for
the.flying reel change of flat web material wound up on
reels, in which the uppermost paper web of a new reel
is fixed to the web lying underneath with an adhesive
tape, which is equipped with at least one main carrier,
at least one layer of a self-adhesive compound on the
top and at least one cleavable system on the bottom,
and part of the self-adhesive compound which is needed
for the splicing process is exposed, whereupon the new
reel equipped in this way is placed beside an old reel
which has been unwound virtually completely and is to
be replaced, and is accelerated to substantially the
same rotational speed as the latter, is then pressed
against the old web, the exposed self-adhesive compound
of the adhesive tape bonding adhesively to the old web
at substantially the.:.same. speeds. of. the.webs_,, whi.le _.at
the same time the cleavable system cleaves in such a
way that, following the cleaving operation, no adhesive
regions are exposed,, and the time of the splicing
operation being determined by a detector and, in
particular, the adhesive tape or at least a part
thereof being detected optically by the detector.
In a further development of the inventive method, the
adhesive tape is stuck at right angles to the moving
paper web. In advantageous variants of the inventive
method, adhesive bonding of the adhesive tape can also
be carried out at an acute angle of up to 30 with
respect to the moving paper web, in particular of up to
10 .
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In the splicing method, an adhesive tape is stuck to a
new paper reel in a straight line under the uppermost
web, so that part of the adhesive tape remains free,
while the underside of the adhesive tape sticks to the
web lying underneath and therefore secures the
uppermost web, if appropriate, initially only part of
the covering possibly located on the self-adhesive
compound having been pulled off, so that the part of
the self-adhesive compound which is needed for the
splicing method is still covered by the covering and,
in this state, the reel has no free adhesive surface,
following which, for the final preparation for the
splicing method, the remaining covering which may
possibly still be present is removed, whereupon the new
reel equipped in this way is placed beside an old reel
which has been unwound virtually completely and is to
be replaced, and is accelerated to the same rotational
speed as the latter, is then pressed against the old
web, the exposed self-adhesive compound of the adhesive
tape bonding to the old web at substantially the same
speeds of. the webs.,.- while at _ the- .-same =--..ti.me. the
cleavable carrier of cleavable material cleaves and,
with its residues, covers both self-adhesive compounds
which had been coated onto it, in a non-adhesive
manner.
Following the contact between the adhesive tape and the
web running out, cleavage of the cleavable system on
the adhesive tape therefore occurs, so that the
uppermost paper layer of the new bale is released and
no more adhesive residues are present in exposed form.
In order to withstand the high temperatures and/or
pressures, use is preferably made of an inventive
adhesive tape, that is to say one such which has a
particularly shear-resistant adhesive compound for
joining the paper webs.
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In the following text, the invention is to be described
in more detail using an exemplary embodiment, but
without wishing to restrict it unnecessarily thereby.
In the drawing:
fig. 1 shows a lateral schematic view of an inventive
adhesive tape with an optically detectable
carrier layer
fig. 2 shows a lateral schematic view of an adhesive
tape according to fig. 1, bonded to a paper
reel and ready for the flying reel change
fig. 3 shows a view according to fig. 2 but after the
flying reel change has been carried out.
In detail, fig. 1 shows an adhesive tape 1 with a main
carrier 2, coated on one side with a water-soluble
self-adhesive compound 3. The main carrier 2 consists
of cleavable smooth paper which is provided with a bar
code (optical device). (.0) . The t.otal - thickness of <=the
main carrier 2 with self-adhesive compound 3 is 0.088
mm, the width 150 mm.
The self-adhesive compound 3 is covered with a
siliconized release paper 4 which, at a distance of 30
mm from the left-hand edge, is provided with a slit 5,
so that the left-hand part 4a of the release paper 4
can be removed first of all, and then the right-hand
part 4b. In the region of the right-hand end of the
adhesive tape 1, a strip of a double-sided adhesive
tape 6 is stuck underneath, consisting of a paper
carrier 7 of cleavable paper coated on both sides with
water-soluble self-adhesive compound 8 and 9. The
adhesive tape has a width of 9 mm.
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Fig. 2 illustrates how such an adhesive tape 1 is stuck
under a paper web 11 of a new paper reel, specifically
with the left-hand part, after the part 4a of the
release paper 4 has been pulled off the latter. The
adhesive tape has previously been stuck with the
exposed self-adhesive compound 9 onto the paper web 12
belonging to the paper reel and lying under the paper
web 11. The right-hand part 4b of the release paper 4
has also been pulled off, so that the paper reel
equipped in this way is ready for a flying reel change,
the bonding of the adhesive tape 1 running at right
angles over the reel.
The self-adhesive compound 3 is then exposed and, for
the flying change, constitutes the contact area with
webs that are running out. The contact area has a
width of 120 mm and extends over the entire width of
the paper reel.
The (new) paper reel equipped in this way is brought
alongside the unwound (old) paper reel, to which the
new is to be attached. The new paper reel is
acce1e-rated to a rotational. . speed -- whi:ch , corresponds
virtually to the speed of the web running out. Once
both speeds have been synchronized adequately, the
change can be completed. In the process, the splice is
detected by means of a scanner, which is located on the
reel changer, and the position is located exactly.
The web 13 that is running out is brought into contact
with the circumference of the new reel by means of a
pressure shaft (not illustrated) and the self-adhesive
compound 3 is stuck to the paper web 13 that is running
out in accordance with fig. 3. By means.of the scanner
and the signal function of the bar code on the adhesive
tape, the exact time at which the paper web that is
running out is pressed against the new paper reel is
determined, and cutting off of the old paper web is
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controlled. Instantaneously after the adhesive
contact, the cleavable paper carriers 7 cleave in such
a way that one part 7a remains on the adhesive tape 1
and covers the self-adhesive compound 8 there, while
5 the other part 7b remains on the self-adhesive compound
9 which sticks to the paper web 12. Therefore, both
self-adhesive compounds 8 and 9 are neutralized to a
certain extent, no longer stick and therefore cannot
interfere in the further process in the paper
10 processing machines either.
The use of an inventive adhesive tape with integrated
switching function ensures stable detection without the
application of further labels. It is therefore always
15 ensured that identification of the splice is possible.
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