Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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Removal of Undesired Occurrences in Hair and Fur
The present invention relates to a method and a device for removing undesired
occur-
rences in hair and fur, the method including use of a mouthpiece with a mouth,
the
mouthpiece being connected to a source of vacuum through a tube and containing
a
filter and at least one comb, and the device including a mouthpiece adapted to
engage
one end of a tube attached to a source of vacuum, the mouthpiece including a
mouth
and at least one comb attached thereto.
STATE OF THE ART
The commonly known method of mechanical combating head lice and other vermin
in
hair and fur is combing with a fine-toothed comb. The treated hair/fur is
optionally
moistened and flushed with hair conditioner. The hair/fur is combed thoroughly
whereby lice and other vermin are attempted caught with the comb in their
living area
close to the scalp or skin and then moved out of the hair by the comb. Combing
is per-
formed as usual, i.e. stroke by stroke in the entire length of the hair. When
lice or ver-
min have been caught and moved out of the hair sitting in the comb, they are
removed
from the comb with a brush or with a pointed tool before continuing the
combing.
The commonly known alternative technique for combating lice and other vermin
in
hair and fur uses different shampoos, which with a content of poison, e.g.
malathion,
are intended for killing lice and vermin. The commonly known technique for
combat-
ing dandruff in head hair uses different dandruff shampoos, e.g. nizoral
shampoo.
There are a number of publications disclosing prior art similar to that
indicated above:
US Patents:
876766, Jan., 1908, Blaisdell,
918929, Apr., 1909, Thurman,
1015894, Jan., 1912, Keller,
1525106, Feb., 1925, Smythe,
1770749, July, 1930, Engberg et al,
1859132, May, 1932, Fechtenburg,
2276886, March, 1942, Smith,
CONFIRMATION COPY
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2
2780829, Feb., 1957, Cohen,
2953808, Sep., 1960, Carmack,
4190924, March, 1980, Nicholson,
4485583, Dec., 1984, Planty,
4799863, Jan., 1989, Gannon,
5074006, Dec., 1991, Eremita,
5502873, Apr., 1996, Hogan,
6086682, July, 2000, Anderson
and
EP 1036522 A2.
Among these references, the closest prior art is:
US 4,485,583 discloses a vacuum cleaner mouthpiece intended for removing fleas
from pet fur, where the mouthpiece may be connected to vacuum. The mouthpiece
has
a relatively flat and wide mouth in front of which a comb may be fastened, so
that the
teeth of the comb cover the front of the mouth. Inside the mouth is provided a
chamber
in which a filter bag may be mounted from which retained fleas cannot evade.
US 6,086,682 disclose combating lice in humans. Here is described a mouthpiece
which may be connected to a vacuum. The mouthpiece has a flat mouth in front
of
which a comb may be fastened. The teeth on this comb completely cover the
mouth
and protrudes from the lower edge of the mouth.
Both of the above US publications concern supplying vacuum to the traditional
comb-
ing in order to achieve greater efficiency. One of the central problems of
combing with
fine-toothed comb in general and combing with fine-toothed comb subjected to
suc-
tion in particular is the tangling tendency of the hair. This tendency
increases with the
length of the hair as well as with the power of the suction.
By combing long hair it is necessary to solve this problem since combing with
fme-
toothed comb in long entangled hair is a very cumbersome and practically
unfeasible
solution. When suction is applied simultaneously, the hair will tangle so that
combing
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3
becomes completely impossible. If combing supported with suction is to be a
usable
method in any case for removing lice and vermin, a solution to this problem is
to be
presupposed as lice and vermin are primarily a problem in long hair.
If long hair is bent into the suction during combing, it tangles immediately
unless the
suction power is reduced to a level where the hair is not sucked with, which
will not
be efficient in relation to removing lice and other vermin.
ITS 4,485,583 and US 6,086,682 do not consider the problem of tangling.
EP 1036522 A2 describes combating lice on humans by using a mouthpiece that
may
be coupled to a source of vacuum. The mouthpiece is shaped as a round tube
with
closed end, where the mouth is a longitudinal, elongated and oval slot. A row
of comb
teeth or brushes are disposed adjacent to both sides of this mouth. The slot
mouth is
covered by a fine mesh, and behind the suction slot, in another, transverse
slot, a filter
may be inserted.
In EP 1036522 A2, the problem is countered by a fine mesh covering the suction
opening. This partly solves the tangling problem, but in the solutions
provided accord-
ing to the invention, an efficient suction force will be difficult to achieve,
since there
will be great loss of suction power due to the positioning of comb
teeth/brushes at the
mouth simultaneously with lice and vermin are to be sucked through the thick
layer of
hair, which is tightly tangled by itself and through the mentioned fme mesh
that con-
tinually has to be cleaned from fluff and loose hairs. The filter inside the
mouthpiece
will also mean loss of suction power.
Lice hold on very well so that strong suction is required. If the suction from
a usual
vacuum cleaner is directed toward a spotted louse so that the scalp bulges
markedly
into the suction mouth, repeated mechanical interferences are needed in
addition be-
fore this louse is forced to let go. If suction of the power here mentioned
may be at-
tamed directly on the scalp, tangling problems would occur, as the hair will
be caught
in a greater area by the suction force and pulled and bent against the comb.
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4
US 5,768,748 discloses a suction mouthpiece used for combing hair and fur in
order to
remove lice and fleas. The mouthpiece comprises a detachable comb positioned
at an
angle relative to the mouth of the mouthpiece. The mouthpiece has a sharp
bend, and
downstream of the bend in the direction of the air stream, the mouthpiece
contains a
restriction element in the shape of a spherical restriction element filling
out a large
part of the flow cross-section of the mouthpiece. Behind the restriction
element and in
connection with a transition to a hose, a filter is provided.
The invention described in US 5,768,748 is unsuitable in that during use the
engage-
ment in the animal's fur of the comb cannot be seen. By letting the mouthpiece
fit
tightly, a strong underpressure, which may be unpleasant, may arise in the
mouthpiece,
why a valve is provided in the mouthpiece so that pressure relief may be
provided. The
opening of the valve will interact with the spherical restriction element, and
a reduced
underpressure may be formed in the mouthpiece. The bend of the mouthpiece and
the
provision of the spherical restriction element, respectively, mean that the
mouthpiece
is unsuited for treating humans. Particularly persons with long hair will
achieve a total
entangling of the hair at the bend, and matting around the spherical element
will be
unavoidable. Another important problem in treating people is the existence of
strong
suction which will be unpleasant. As the comb is hidden, the person performing
treat
ment will almost work heedlessly.
The efficiency of the fine-toothed combing and the shampoo methods on
combating
lice is examined more closely by R J Roberts, D Casey, D A Morgan and M
Petrovic,
and the examination is titled Comparison of Wet Combing with Malathion fog
Ti~eat-
rnent of Head Lice in the ZIK: a Pragmatic Randomised Controlled Vial,
published in
the distinguished medical journal The Lancet, 12 August 2000.
The conclusion of the examination is that the technique with fine-toothed comb
and
balsam has a recovery rate of about 50% and the malathion shampoo about 78%.
But
since only 50% of the participants in the test completed, it hardly gives a
complete
picture of the efficiency of the treating method. Apparently there is a human
factor in
the treatment playing a large role.
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S
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to improve fme-tooth combing and to
provide a
suitable device so that the method and the use of the device become rapid,
convenient
and 100% efficient methods for removing lice and other vermin as well as
dandruff.
Another object of the invention is to avoid shampoos with a poisonous content
to
which the lice have developed a certain resistance, shampoos which Danish
National
Board of Health deprecate pregnant women and babies up to three years to use
except
by indication from a doctor.
The task may be solved by method in which the mouthpiece has a longitudinal,
inclin-
ing mouth, where the comb is fastened to the front end of the mouth and has a
steep
angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece, the comb covering a
minor
part of the mouth of the mouthpiece, and where a sheaf of hair is sucked into
the
mouth whereby the sheaf of hair is hanging extended in the mouthpiece, where
the
comb is tilted in over the sheaf of hair with an edge of points of teeth of
the comb is in
contact with scalp or skin on which the hair is growing, where the sheaf of
hair is
combed by pulling the comb with the edge of the teeth in contact with the
scalp or skin
through the sheaf of hair, after which the comb is tilted out of the sheaf of
hair, where
the process including the above steps is repeated for the sheaf of hair,
causing unde-
sired occurrences to be detached and sucked through the mouthpiece in order
subse-
quently to be caught by the filter in the mouthpiece.
Hereby may be achieved that lice, dandruff and vermin are no longer lost from
the
comb, neither in the hair nor in the surroundings from where lice and vermin
may get
back to their habitat area. The just newly hatched lice, the nymphs, which are
almost
impossible to catch with a fine-toothed comb, are now easily caught. Lice and
vermin
are no longer to be caught by and in the comb and combed out of the hair along
the
entire length of the hair. The invention implies that the treatment time is
more than
halved and at the same time the efficiency is more than doubled. By careful
systematic
treatment, the efficiency is improved up to 100%. The cleaning of the comb
when lice
and vermin are caught is now effected automatically and continually. The
random
element by traditional methods of treatment v~ith fine-toothed comb is
obviated by the
present invention. At the same time, problems with tangling of the hair during
the
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treatment are solved. Compared with shampoo treatment, there is attained
shorter
treating time where the treatment is far more comfortable and simultaneously
implying
far greater efficiency. The poisonless treatment removes any risk of poisoning
while at
the same time the treatment maybe performed with less environmental impact.
Also, a
cheaper treating method is achieved.
Advantageously, the method may be repeated for different hair sheaves for
completing
the process. Hereby a person or an animal may be cleaned effectively.
Advantageously, the comb may be tilted freely in and out of the said sheaf
simultane-
ously with combing with short strokes, where the edge of points of teeth in
each
combing movement is drawn over the scalp through the habitat area of the lice
and
vermin, and where the same area of the scalp is combed with short intervals.
Hereby
may be achieved that repeated interferences under strong suction action makes
it still
more difficult for lice to hold fast, and after 2-4 combings the lice are
eventually de-
tached.
The invention also concerns a device of removing undesired occurrences in hair
and
fur, where the mouthpiece has a substantially elongated shape, where the mouth
of the
mouthpiece is arranged longitudinally inclining, forming a first angle
relative to the
longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece, where the comb is arranged to form a
second an-
gle relative to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece, and where the comb
covers less
than half of the mouth of the mouthpiece.
Hereby may be achieved that hair is sucked into the apparatus, and, if the
hair is long
enough, further into the connecting pipe and hose of the vacuum source, e.g. a
vacuum
cleaner, where the length of the hose in principle limits the length of the
hair which
may be treated immediately, as the hair according to the invention is to be
sucked in
straight and be suspended straight in the vacuum. As the hair, including
particularly
long hair providing the greatest difficulty in combating lice and vermin, may
be
sucked into the mouthpiece under the comb, it is achieved that the hair is
kept straight
and still flexible by the suction, thus establishing a hold on the hair that
provide it does
not tangle during the combing. The mentioned hold in the hair opens
possibility of
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supplying the technique a new way of combing, as the comb does not have to be
drawn in the entire length of the hair, so that a comb stroke is always
finished at the
hair ends. A process which almost unavoidably leads to tangling in the hair
when at
the same time there is sucked with a power effectively removing lice and
vermin. A
far more efficient and rapid rhythmical combing of the scalp right at the
living place of
lice and vermin is now possible. Since there is now hold in the hair in a way
so that it
can neither tangle nor become too live or electrical, the comb may be tilted
out of and
in to the hair at will. The combing may therefore be performed with short
strokes so
that the comb may return to the same area of the scalp with short intervals.
This has
great significance for the efficiency of the treatment as particularly lice,
as mentioned
above, may hold fast, even though they are directly disturbed, at the same
time as they
are subj ected to a very strong suction, however so that repeated
interferences under
strong suction makes it still more difficult, eventually detaching the louse
after 2-4
combings. Therefore, it is important that the louse is not given the time
needed for
settling between the combings. According to the invention, the hair is
"opened" by the
suction so that lice, vermin and dandruff are conducted away unimpeded when
only
they are detached, and besides, are also much more easily detached when the
individ-
ual hairs are risen and opened by the suction. The suction also causes the
hair in pipe
or hose to flutter in the airstream. The flutter of the hair implies that the
individual
hairs knock against each other. This impedes lice or fleas caught by the
suction to be
given opportunity to settle in the hair and subsequently go back to the scalp
of the
treated person. The flutter of the hair may imply vibrations in the teeth of
the comb,
increasing the efficiency of the treatment as the vibrating teeth cause
further stressing
of the lice, whereby the lice let go of their habitat more rapidly.
The mouth below the edge of the tooth points on the comb may incline
backwards.
Hereby may be achieved that the full suction power from the vacuum cleaner is
con-
centrated optimally in the tooth interspaces on the relatively small comb when
comb-
ing is performed, and it is achieved that the comb not only, according to
tradition, is to
catch lice and vermin, but only, in cooperation with the suction action, is to
disturb
sufficiently in order for the suction to remove lice and vermin subsequently.
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g
Advantageously, the device includes a filter having shape of a cone in the
edge of
which there are a number of slits, where the filter is placed in the mouth of
the con-
necting tube for the vacuum source, so that the filter edge is turned about
the edge of
the vacuum connecting tube, where it is retained by the connecting tube of the
mouth-
s piece when the former is put on, and so that the said filter is easily
detached from the
point as this is visible in the connecting tube of the mouthpiece when the
connecting
tubes are separated. Hereby may be achieved that all which is removed from the
hair is
caught by the filter. After treatment, one may see the direct result, and
possible living
organisms may be disposed of so that renewed spreading may be avoided.
The device may be shaped as a mouthpiece having a mouth, where the mouthpiece
may contain a comb that is readily detachable, and where the comb may be
disposed
uppermost in the mouth, the comb covering a relatively small area of the total
area of
the mouth, so that the mouthpiece under the comb presents a relatively large
and open
mouth. Hereby is provided an exchangeable comb which may be an advantage if
more
persons are to be treated at the same time, because otherwise one is required
to clean
each comb before using on the next person. Another advantage is that the comb
may
be replaced if worn or damaged.
The mouth may be essentially circular as seen from the front, where the comb
fits
tightly to the adjacent edge of the mouth and extends in a plane substantially
perpen
dicular to the longitudinal axis of the device. Hereby may be achieved that
the comb is
placed transversely to the suction, with tooth points relatively perpendicular
to the
sheaf of hair sucked into the apparatus. Hereby, the comb becomes easy to use
in
combing.
The mouth may incline rearwards and backwards from the edge of the tooth
points.
Hereby may be achieved an area below the comb which is free, where the comb
may
be used for combing the hair close to the scalp.
At opposite sides of the mouth, the mouthpiece may have a bulge providing a
tilt axis
and simultaneously forming a support for combing.
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The device may include a first filter provided in association with the device
and at-
tached readily detachable, where the filter is shaped as a cone with slits
along the edge.
Thereby is achieved that a disposable filter may be used which can be disposed
after
final treatment.
The device according to the invention may be provided with a further filter
disposed
upstream relative to the other filter, the further filter being readily
detachable, shaped a
cone, and provided with a hole at the bottom. Thus may be achieved a permanent
filter
for carrying the detachable filter, thus enabling to make the replaceable
filter as a thin
and cheap filter supported by an underlying supporting filter.
In an alternative embodiment of a filter, it may be disposed at a transition
between a
tube and a pipe, where the transition is formed by a locking mechanism
providing ac-
cess to the filter after unlocking, where the filter is formed by a filter
cylinder interact-
ing with the internal wall of the pipe and containing a bottom formed by a
filter.
Hereby may be achieved that a filter is placed in connection with an existing
joint be-
tween components, where the filter forms an insert which is easy to exchange.
After
use, the filter bottom will contain the catch obtained by the treatment. The
catch may
consist of lice, fleas and dandruff.
Advantageously, the filter may be closed by a cover when underpressure is
present
behind the filter, where the cover includes an end piece and a cylinder, where
the cyl-
inder of the cover engages the internal wall of the filter cylinder. Hereby is
achieved
an efficient incarceration of fleas without they having any possibility of
evading. Par-
ticularly cat fleas may otherwise evade with great agility.
The end piece may be formed by a lens for watching the contents of the filter,
and
where the focus of the lens may be adjusted by more or less pressing the
cylinder of
the cover. Appreciable aid in viewing the vermin or dandruff caught in the
treatment
may hereby be achieved.
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A possible embodiment of the lens is shaping the lens as a Fresnel lens. Thus
may be
achieved a thin and flat lens where refraction of light occurs by means of
triangular
grooves.
5 THE DRAWING WITH EMBODIMENTS
The invention is now described in more detail below with reference to the
accompany-
ing drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a person during treatment by means of a mouthpiece 1, which is
con-
10 netted to vacuum, where the mouthpiece includes a readily detached comb 2
fitted in
the mouthpiece 1. The mouthpiece communicates with a flexible vacuum cleaner
hose
3 through a flexible connecting tube 4, which is connected to a usual vacuum
cleaner
pipe 5 having an angle with connection to a vacuum cleaner 6.
A tuft of hair 7 held straight and tight in the vacuum during combing is
sucked into the
mouthpiece 1 by the vacuum, while the mouthpiece 1 combs hair and scalp with
the
comb 2, and where repeated combing loosens lice and dandruff.
Fig. 2 shows a detailed view of the invention with a mouthpiece 21 provided
with a
comb 22 that may be detachably mounted in the mouthpiece 21, which is
connected to
a flexible hose or tube 23 provided with a connecting stub 24 for further
connection
with a connecting pipe 25 of a vacuum cleaner or other source of vacuum.
Fig. 3 shows a possible embodiment of the invention in detail. A mouthpiece 31
con-
tains a comb 32. The mouthpiece 31 is connected to a hose 33 which at the
opposite
end is connected with a conical pipe stub 34 to be connected with a vacuum
cleaner
with a connecting means 35, which may be formed with internal thread. The comb
32
has tooth points surrounded by support and bulges 39 acting as tilt axis at
both sides of
the mouthpiece 31.
Fig. 4 shows the embodiment of Fig. 3 as seen from the front with the comb 32
and
support and bulges/tilt axis 39.
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Fig. 5 shows the comb 32 when dismounted from the mouthpiece 31.
Figs. 6 - 13 show a possible embodiment of a filter 41 in 6 functional stages.
Fig. 6 shows how the filter 41 is placed in a vacuum connecting tube 45. The
filter 41
is made with slits 42.
Fig. 7 shows filter fitted in vacuum in connecting tube 47 which has a conical
connect-
ing stub.
Fig. 8 shows that the filter 41 is turned down at the slits 42 as the tubes
are telescoped
together whereby a creasing of the filter 41 occurs.
Fig. 9 shows the conical tube 47 slid down over the vacuum connecting tube 45,
thereby securing the filter 41 in direction 43 of the airstream with
possibility of col-
lecting particles/vermin 46 in the air stream. Collected lice or other
particles are
shown as 48.
Fig. 10 shows the tube when separated for removing the filter 41 placed on the
con-
necting stub of the mouthpiece.
Fig. 11 shows removal of the filter 41 with a grip in the point 49 now
visible.
Fig. 12 shows a perspective view of the filter 41 after use.
Fig. 13 shows a possible version of the filter 51 with an internal filter 52
with a hole in
the bottom 53 acting as a trap 54. Thereby is obtained a flea filter 55.
Fig. 14 shows a possible version of the invention with a decorative mouthpiece
61 as
seen from the side with a comb 62 surrounded at both sides by a support/tilt
axis 69
where the mouthpiece 61 has decorative eyes/attachment 63 for the comb 62 in
the
mouthpiece 61. The mouthpiece has a connection 64 for connection of vacuum.
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Fig. 15 shows the mouthpiece in Fig. 14 as seen from the front with the comb
62 and
support/tilt axis 69.
Fig. 16 shows the comb 62 separated from the mouthpiece 61.
Fig. 17 shows a perspective view of the embodiment shown in fig. 14 and 15.
Fig. 18 shows a section through a possible embodiment of a mouthpiece 71
having a
comb 72 mounted in a comb attachment 73 provided with decorative eyes, and
where
a flexible tube 75 is shown inside the mouthpiece 71. The flexible tube 75
contains a
filter 78 which is mounted in the end of the flexible tube opposite to the
mouth, where
the flexible tube has a ring 76 containing a fold/flange/edge 74 at which the
filter is
fastened by means of a clip 77.
Fig. 19 shows the flexible tube 75 with ring 76 with internal flange 76 for
fastening
filter 78 by means of clip 77. Hereby is achieved an alternative filter for
internal
mounting in a connecting tube for a vacuum cleaner.
Fig. 20 shows an alternative embodiment of a louse snatcher 100 consisting of
a
mouthpiece 102 to which is fastened a comb 104 by means of a comb attachment
106.
The comb 104 covers a part of a mouth 108 in the mouthpiece 102. The mouth of
the
mouthpiece has an inclining wall 110 surrounding the open part of mouth 108,
whereas a wall 112 with second angle relative to the mouthpiece 102 surrounds
the
part of the front of the louse snatcher, where the comb 104 is attached. The
mouth-
piece 102 is terminated with a flange 114 to which is fastened a hose 116. The
hose
116 is secured by a connection 118 with a lock piece interacting with a
connection 120
provided with a lock 122. Connection 120 interacts with a connecting tube 124
of a
usual vacuum cleaner.
On Fig. 21 is shown a detailed view of a connection 118 and connection 120,
shown
here in a disassembled condition, whereby access is provided to an internally
disposed
filter 130 consisting of a filter membrane 131 and a cylinder 132, where the
filter has
an opening 134. During operation, the filter 130 is provided internally in the
connec-
tion 120.
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Fig. 22 shows the filter 130 with the wall 132 and the opening 134. Above the
filter is
shown a filter cover consisting of a transparent cylinder 128 with an end
piece in the
form of a lens 140.
When the filter is removed from the connection 120, the cover with the
transparent
wall 138 and the lens 140 may be disposed inside the opening 134 in the
filter,
whereby possible catch of lice or fleas may be viewed through the lens 140.
The depth
at which the cover 138 is pressed down into the filter determines the focusing
of the
lens 140.
Fig. 23 also shows an embodiment of a filter consisting of a wall 130 and an
opening
134, where the opening 134 is closed with a cover consisting of a transparent
wall 138
and a lens 140.
Fig. 24 shows a filter consisting of a filter bottom 131, a wall 132 with
filter cover
inserted with a wall 13 8 and a lens 140. Inside the filter is outlined the
catch that may
be obtained by a treatment, the catch possibly consisting of lice, fleas, and
dandruff or
other alien animals or particles that have ended up in the hair.
The present invention may remove lice and vermin quickly and 100% efficiently
in
short as well as long hair. The treatment is not uncomfortable. Correctly
performed, it
may described as a comfortable, cool massage of the scalp.
The treatment is also suited for removing dandruff such as already being loose
in the
hair as well as dandruff that is released by the thorough massage of the scalp
by the
comb. After treatment at least 3-4 days passes before dandruff will sprinkle
out of the
hair again. The treatment temporarily removes the itch in the scalp caused by
dandruff.
The filter provides easy viewing of the result of the treatment which has both
psycho-
logical and practical meaning. Practical meaning is with regard to lice as
lice appear in
four sizes. Since their shell cannot grow, they leave it three times in their
lifetime.
Only the largest lice (about 3 mm long) are egg-laying, and they lay 5-8 eggs
a day. If
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14
large lice are caught, this naturally indicates that eggs are present in the
hair, why one
has to count on one more treatment when these eggs are hatched 6-9 days later,
and a
easier check treatment subsequently. If no large lice are found after thorough
treat-
ment, one is near having cleaned the hair so that the treatment can be
finished with an
easier post check. If no lice are caught, the attack is presumably finished.
The filter
enables quick and efficient louse checks, and if lice are found, one may turn
to thor-
ough treatment right away.
