Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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COLLISION REPAIR PROCESS
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
In one of its aspects, the present invention generally relates to repair
processes that the technician may
invoke in order to optimize the repair of damage such as that sustained by a
vehicle under collision. More
specifically, in this aspect, the present invention relates to the process of
identification of the correct steps
after the implementation of which corrective forces can be applied to correct
collision damage.
In another of its aspects, the present invention relates to automobile repair
systems and more directly to
those requiring the elevation, mobility and anchoring of automobiles under
repair.
In another of its aspects, the present invention relates to methods and
apparatus for the attachment of
devices to a pliable medium where force must be applied, often to correct
damage or deformity, and which
are then removable without significant secondary damage sustained by the
medium.
In yet another of its aspects, the present invention generally relates to
repair apparatus that may be used by
an operator to correct damage or distortion in a medium. More specifically, in
this aspect, the present
invention relates tools required to the correct damage or distortion in a
medium, such as a vehicle body or
frame, where force is to be applied but where the site of the work presents
obstacles, such as vehicle
bumpers, to the direct application of corrective force.
In another of its aspects, the present invention generally relates to repair
processes that the mechanic may
invoke in order to optimize the repair of a damaged or distorted medium, such
as a metal medium. More
specifically, in this aspect, the invention relates to the process of
establishing an anchor point, to which
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corrective forces can be applied, on a medium in order to repair damage to the
medium. Said damage
would be that suffered by the body and/or frame of a vehicle due to collision.
In another of its aspects, the present invention generally relates to
apparatuses designed to aid in the
correction of damage to a medium in the establishment of an anchor point, the
drilling of holes, or the
installation of a rivet. More specifically, in this aspect, the present
invention relates to the repair of damage
where the work may be obstructed or where the application of force to repair
damage requires
reinforcement at the site of the work and where drilling or rivet installation
is desired to be performed.
In another of its aspects, the present invention relates to methods and
apparatus for the installation of rivets
into a medium for the purposes of anchoring and particularly for the
installation of rivets provided with
internal threads to be installed from one side of the work.
In another of its aspects, the present invention generally relates to work to
be performed utilizing an
installed rivet. More specifically, in this aspect, the present invention
relates to the utilization of an installed
rivet where the installed rivet is deemed to be insufficient to withstand the
stresses to be applied thereon.
In another of its aspects, the present invention relates to methods and
apparatuses for drilling into a medium
where the medium may be difficult to access, the work requires the drilling of
holes relatively spaced at
distances according to tight tolerances, the operator may only have unpowered
or low rotation driving
devices at his disposal, the axis of drilling must be perpendicular to the
face of the work, or where any
combination of the above situations is present.
In another of its aspects, the present invention relates to apparatuses
designed to guide a drill bit in the
drilling of holes into a medium. More specifically, the present invention
relates to the drilling of holes into
a medium where the work may be obstructed by surface irregularities, where
magnetic mounting is
desirable, or where there is insufficient access at the site of the work by
means of conventional drill guides.
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2. Description of the Prior Art
Existing repair methodologies lack standardization in both process and
apparatus in the correction of
damage. The technician is often burdened with customization of the methods and
tools used to repair
damage on a per job basis increasing the duration of the process and
necessitating the use of tools both
costly and cumbersome to operate.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In one of its aspects, the present invention provides a process for the
technician to be able to perform
collision repair, and offers the technician a standardized process which may
be applied to the maximum
number of problems with a minimum of effort, to recommend the tools, from a
standardized kit, which the
technician will require in order to carry out the steps in this process, to
thereby reduce the time and/or cost
of repair, and/or to minimize secondary damage that may be caused by the
implementation of inappropriate
methods and/or tools.
In another of its aspects the present invention provides a universal system
and comprehensive mechanism
for the repair of automobiles which is free from one or more of the defects of
the prior art repair
methodologies. In accordance with the present invention, a universal system of
repair is provided that will
elevate the vehicle from any level surface and allow its transport to any
predefined repair zone. In this
aspect, the present invention provides the facility to elevate, secure onto
apparatus and move any passenger
automobile without refitting for width and length variation. Once in the
repair zone, the vehicle can be
anchored to conventional, repair industry standard, floor mounted anchor
points integrating into the base
clamp and/or can be independently stabilized by locking the repair apparatus
into position. Rotation of the
vehicle can be then achieved by unlocking three of the four locking points and
then rotating about the axis
of the remaining locked point. Further, this aspect provides facility for
additional high resolution spot
anchoring to the damaged regions of the automobile reducing unnecessary
stresses to undamaged regions
during the repair process thereby minimizing secondary damage to an
unperceivable level.
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In yet another aspect, the present invention is to provide a standardized
method and complimentary
apparatus for the mounting of a threaded shaft onto a medium such as the metal
structure of a vehicle to
provide a sturdy attachment means for the purposes of applying force to
correct structural damage. Further,
this aspect of the invention provides a versatile and adaptive means of
attachment in regions otherwise
inaccessible or difficult to access thereby limiting the subsequently applied
forces to the damaged region.
This method provides the mechanic with an economic and/or time saving method
in the selection and
application of the appropriate apparatus herein.
In another of its aspects, the present invention is to provide a tool to
correct damage or distortion in a
medium, such as a vehicle body or frame, where the work is inaccessible or
only partly accessible. Further,
this aspect of the invention provides the facility within said tool for proper
anchoring at the site of the
work, to offer the operator at least two axes of rotation about the site of
the work in order to efficiently
apply forces as required, to provide adaptable means to clear obstructions to
the work, and/or to reduce the
potential of secondary damage caused by the use of inappropriate tools.
Another aspect of the invention is
to increase safety in the immediate environment of the apparatus by allowing
the operator to rigidly mount
said apparatus before the application of force thereby eliminating the
possibility of the device being
disengaged when unattended. A further aspect of the invention aims to
standardize the apparatus required
to perform said tasks.
In another of its aspects, the present invention is to provide a process for
the mechanic to create an anchor
point on a damaged medium in order to apply corrective forces to said anchor
point. A further aspect of this
invention is to offer the mechanic a standardized process which may be applied
to the maximum number of
problems with a minimum of effort, to recommend the tools, from a standardized
kit, which the mechanic
will require in order to carry out the steps in this process, to thereby
reduce the time and/or cost of repair,
and/or to minimize secondary damage that may be caused by the implementation
of inappropriate methods
and/or tools.
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In another of its aspects, the present invention is to provide a tool which is
versatile in scope, effective in
clearing obstructions to its application, and sufficiently sturdy to withstand
forces applied to correct
damage a the site of the work. Further, this aspect of the invention is to
provide a single platform that may
be used to guide a drill or to establish a rivet in a medium without having to
resort to the use of several
tools exclusive to each task. In another of its aspects, this invention aims
to reduce the cost of repair, in
both time requirements and/or tool requirements. The aim of the present
invention is to reduce the
occurrence of secondary damage that may be caused by improperly applied forces
by providing the
operator the facility to mount the apparatus, and to thereby apply forces, as
close to the desired point of
application as possible.
In another of its aspects, the present invention is to provide a method and
apparatus for the installation of
threaded rivets into a medium which is inexpensive, simple in design, allows
the operator versatility in
application, allows the operator freedom of one hand, and permits the
installation of said rivets from one
side of the work.
In another of its aspects, the present invention is to provide a facility to
reinforce an existing, installed rivet.
An additional aspect of this invention is to allow the technician to select a
level of reinforcement as
required by the work thereby increasing the stress bearing facility of the
system of the washer and the rivet
to levels unattainable by the rivet alone. In the absence of a suitable site
for a rivet but where a washer may
be installed, the technician is provided the facility to use the washer as a
stand alone device to bear the
stresses of the work that would otherwise be borne by a rivet. It is the aim
of this invention to provide the
technician with a tool that is economical and simple to implement in the event
that a rivet requires
reinforcement or in the absence of a rivet.
In yet another of its aspects, the present invention is to provide a method
and complimentary apparatus for
drilling into a medium under conditions unsuitable for existing systems and
apparatus, is inexpensive,
compact in design, versatile in application, is capable of performing its
intended function under tight
tolerance and at the site of the work such as that required for the
installation of brackets, allows the
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operator to concentrate applied forces to rotation and not against the face of
the work thereby reducing
fouling of the drill bit and resulting in a hole perpendicular to the face of
the work. Further aspects of this
invention are to provide a method and apparatus for the drilling of holes into
a medium which may be
performed at low rotation speeds reducing the generation of heat at the site
of the work without lubrication
and/or at high rotation speeds where a localized air cooling facility may be
engaged.
In another of its aspects, this invention is to provide a tool which is
effective in clearing obstructions to its
application, compact, simply applied, and sufficiently sturdy to withstand
forces applied in the drilling of
holes at the site of the work and to allow the drilling to be performed at an
angle to the plane of the work
desirable to the operator. Further to this aspect of the invention, a means to
reduce heat resulting from the
action of drilling and to safely remove drilling exhaust in the form of
fragments which can otherwise
obstruct the drilling action or injure the operator is provided. In another
aspect, this invention is to reduce
the cost of drilling in both setup time and tool requirements. In this aspect,
it is the aim of the present
invention to provide a means for the operator to accurately define the
location of the intended hole(s).
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a flowchart diagram of the collision repair process.
Figure 2 is a flowchart diagram of the hook-up process.
Figure 3 is an illustration of a pinch clamp.
Figure 4 is an illustration of a bracket.
Figure 5 is an illustration of a drill cartridge.
Figure 6 is an illustration of locking pliers.
Figure 7 is an illustration of a piercing punch.
Figure 8 is an illustration of a mobile, 4 point anchoring apparatus.
Figure 9 is an illustration of a vector transfer apparatus.
Figure 10 is a diagram of the repair zone equipped with floor anchors.
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Figure 11 is a detailed diagram of the elevation and mobility apparatus.
Figure 12 is a diagram of the anchored base clamp.
Figure 13 is a diagram of the adjustable clamp on a section of crossbeam.
Figure 14 is a diagram of an anchor facility affixed to a section of
crossbeam.
Figure 15 is a detailed diagram of the crossbeam fitted for apparatus
integration.
Figure 16 is a side elevation of a threaded shaft configured for use with a
nut.
Figure 17 is a bottom view of a threaded shaft.
Figure 18 is a side elevation of a threaded shaft configured for use with a
threaded rivet.
Figure 19 is a side elevation of a threaded shaft configured for use with a
forming nut.
Figure 20 is an isometric view of a threaded shaft configured for use with a
twist and lock attachment.
Figure 21 is a side elevation of a threaded shaft configured for use with a
threaded bracket.
Figure 22 is a side elevation of a threaded shaft and a sectional view of a
right angle bracket with which it
is engaged.
Figure 23 is an isometric view of a threaded shaft and a one-point vise clamp
bracket.
Figure 24 is an isometric view of a threaded shaft and a two-point vise clamp
bracket.
Figure 25 is an isometric view of a threaded shaft and MacPherson strut
housing bracket.
Figure 26 is an isometric view of a vector transfer apparatus with a straight
arm attachment.
Figure 27 is a side elevation of a vector transfer apparatus with a straight
arm attachment.
Figure 28 is a side elevation of a vector transfer apparatus with a straight
arm attached perpendicular to the
axis of the locked, internally threaded cylinder.
Figure 29 is an isometric view of a vector transfer apparatus with an
adjustable right angle arm attachment.
Figure 30 is an isometric view of a vector transfer apparatus with a chain
tightener attachment.
Figure 31 is an isometric view of the vector lock mechanism.
Figure 32 is an isometric view of the vector lock mechanism with locking bolt
fixture exposed.
Figure 33 is a side elevation of a vector transfer apparatus with a high
resolution vector lock mechanism.
Figure 34 is an isometric view of a vector transfer apparatus with a high
resolution vector lock mechanism.
Figure 35 is a flowchart diagram of the hook up process.
Figure 36 is an illustration of a pinch clamp.
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Figure 37 is an illustration of the front and side of a universal bracket.
Figure 38 is an illustration of a drill cartridge.
Figure 39 is an illustration of locking pliers.
Figure 40 is an illustration of a piercing punch.
Figure 41 is an isometric view of a right angle repair bracket.
Figure 42 is a side elevation of the length of a right angle repair bracket.
Figure 43 is a side elevation along the width of a right angle repair bracket.
Figure 44 is a side elevation of a flat repair bracket.
Figure 45 is a top view of a flat repair bracket.
Figure 46 is a side elevation of a flat repair bracket mounted on a medium and
reinforced by a washer.
Figure 47 is an isometric view of an adjustable mount flat repair bracket
equipped with an anchor
attachment.
Figure 48 is a top view of an adjustable mount flat repair bracket equipped
with an anchor attachment.
Figure 49 is a side elevation of an adjustable mount flat repair bracket
equipped with an anchor attachment
and installed on a medium to be repaired.
Figure 50 is a side elevation of a right angle repair bracket installed on a
medium by locking pliers means.
Figure 51 is a side elevation of a right angle repair bracket installed on a
medium with the aid of locking
pliers and engaged with two drill guide attachments.
Figure 52 is a top view of a flat or right angle repair bracket installed on a
medium and engaged by an
anchor plug attachment and a drill guide attachment.
Figure 53 is a side elevation of two wall thickness gauges.
Figure 54 is a side elevation of a rivet and a rivet installed in a medium.
Figure 55 is a sectional view of an hollow anvil body.
Figure 56 is a side elevation of a mandrel.
Figure 57 is a sectional view of a mandrel installed in an hollow anvil body.
Figure 58 is a sectional view of an assembled anvil apparatus.
Figure 59 is a sectional view of an assembled anvil apparatus where the
mandrel has been drawn upward
along the axis of rotation.
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Figure 60 is a side elevation of an anvil assembly with a pin passing through
it.
Figure 61 is a top view of an anvil assembly with a pin passing through it.
Figure 62 is a top view of an anvil wrench.
Figure 63 is a side elevation of an anvil wrench.
Figure 64 is a side elevation of an anvil apparatus with the ring portion of
an anvil wrench engaged therein.
Figure 65 is a top view of a rivet reinforcement washer.
Figure 66 is a side elevation of a rivet reinforcement washer.
Figure 67 is a side elevation of a rivet reinforcement washer installed on a
medium with a rivet.
Figure 68 is a top view of a rivet reinforcement washer installed on a medium.
Figure 69 is a side elevation of a rivet reinforcement washer installed on a
medium with a rivet and
engaged by a bracket attachment.
Figure 70 is a side elevation of a rivet reinforcement washer installed on a
medium with a rivet and
engaged by a tool attachment.
Figure 71 is a sectional view of a drill cartridge apparatus.
Figure 72 is a side view of a drill cartridge housing.
Figure 73 is a top view of a drill cartridge housing.
Figure 74 is a sectional view of a disassembled drill cartridge apparatus.
Figure 75 is a sectional view of a drill cartridge apparatus and a drill plug
engaged with a drill bracket and
medium.
Figure 76 is a top view of a drill cartridge apparatus and a drill plug
engaged with a drill bracket and
medium.
Figure 77 is a side elevation of a magnetic drill guide with raised magnets.
Figure 78 is a bottom view of a magnetic drill guide with raised magnets.
Figure 79 is a side elevation of a magnetic drill guide with raised magnets
and attached air cooling
apparatus.
Figure 80 is a bottom view of a magnetic drill guide with raised magnets and
attached air cooling
apparatus.
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Figure 81 is a bottom view of a magnetic drill guide with attached air cooling
apparatus engaged with a
center line positioning apparatus.
Figure 82 is a side elevation of a magnetic drill guide with countersunk
magnets, mounting eyelets, and
attached air cooling apparatus.
Figure 83 is a bottom view of a magnetic drill guide with countersunk magnets,
mounting eyelets, and
attached air cooling apparatus.
Figure 84 is a side elevation of an unthreaded mounting shaft with facility
for eyelet attachment.
Figure 85 is an isometric view of a vehicle elevation apparatus with a
mounting bracket attachment for the
engagement of a mounting shaft.
Figure 86 is a side elevation of a bracket engaged with a medium under repair
with a chain attachment.
Figure 87 is a side elevation of two brackets engaged on opposing sides of a
medium under repair with a
chain attachment.
Figure 88 is a side elevation of an inverted vector transfer apparatus engaged
with a medium under repair.
Figure 89 is a side elevation of a push jack subtended by brackets engaged
with a medium under repair.
Figure 90 is a side elevation of push jack bracket.
Figure 91 is an isometric view of an unthreaded mounting shaft with threaded
stud mounting facility.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a process is
provided for collision repair where
the following steps summarize the effort:
- damage assessment is performed to inform further steps;
- the collision repair process is invoked where the technician is to follow
the instructions outlined
in the proposed process and make decisions based on the requirements of the
work as part of the process;
and
- upon completion of this process, the technician is ready to apply forces at
appropriate points as
required by the work.
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The collision repair process noted in the above steps will be better
understood with reference to the
drawings as listed in the description of drawings above.
The description of the collision repair process will be discussed in detail
with reference to FIGURES I to
9. A collision repair process is provided as in FIGURE 1 wherein a flowchart
format is used to best
illustrate the steps involved. The collision repair process flowchart is
comprised of several steps which take
the form of either an action to be taken or an action preceded by a decision
to be made by the technician.
Arrows are used to indicate the direction of flow.
The start terminal 1 is the initialization of the collision repair process.
The technician must identify the
damage that is to be repaired using the process.
The decision 2 offers the technician the option of utilizing a mobile, 4 point
anchor apparatus whereby the
vehicle under repair is raised onto beams and is anchored thereto while said
apparatus may be moved on
the work floor as required. This determination is dependent on the location of
the damage on the vehicle
where undercarriage damage would strongly suggest an affirmative response.
The action 3 is invoked if the technician has determined that the mobile, 4
point anchor apparatus, such as
that in FIGURE 8, is required for the work. The anchor apparatus allows the
technician to raise the vehicle
to the desired height and to anchor appropriately. After completion of the
anchoring, the technician may
proceed to implement the hook-up process 4 as described in detail with
reference to FIGURE 2 below.
If the anchor apparatus is determined to be unnecessary in decision 2, the
technician may directly proceed
to implement the hook-up process 4 as described in detail with reference to
FIGURE 2 below.
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Decision 5 is offered after the successful implementation of the hook-up
process 4. Stress relief is offered
where it is not desirable to directly apply forces of great magnitude, where
anchoring may not be as sturdy
as desired, or where the ability to apply forces of great magnitude is
hindered.
If stress relief is determined to be necessary in decision 5, the action 6 is
to be implemented whereby stress
relief is attained by means of vibration of the medium under repair or impact
such as that provided by a
hammer, during the application of force, or additional anchoring is performed
at the site of the work.
After the completion of action 6 or if stress relief is determined to be
unnecessary in decision 5, the
technician is given the option of proceeding with either action 7 or action 8.
Action 7 requires the
implementation of the apparatus of FIGURE 9 wherein a device is provided which
allows the technician to
clear obstacles, such as the bumper of a vehicle, and to accurately set and
lock the vector at which force is
to be applied. The technician may choose to proceed with action 8 wherein
force may be directly applied to
the site of the work by means of a chain or other pulling or pushing device.
After the completion of either of the actions of 7 or 8, the process may be
concluded with the application of
force at a magnitude and vector appropriate to the work.
A hook-up process is provided as in FIGURE 2 wherein a flowchart format is
used to best illustrate its
intended usage. The hook-up process flowchart is comprised of several steps
which take the form of either
an action to be taken or an action preceded by a decision to be made by the
technician as in FIGURE 1.
Arrows are used to indicate the direction of flow.
The start terminal 10 is the initialization stage of the process. At this
stage, a point on the medium to be
repaired must be appropriately chosen to be able to correct damage if force is
applied at the correct vector
through this location.
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The decision 11 offers the technician the option of proceeding with or without
the use of mounting holes.
This determination is dependent on the site of the work, the magnitude of the
force to be applied in respect
of the sustaining ability of the mounting spot, and whether a mounting hole is
a practical means of
attachment of an anchoring device.
The action 12 is invoked if the technician has chosen to proceed without a
hole or holes and is therefore
satisfied that a clamping method is sufficient to sustain the forces to be
applied in correcting the damage. In
this case, a pinch clamp may be used as that illustrated in FIGURE 3. Once the
clamp is attached, the
technician may move to the end terminal 21 where a device to sustain the
application of force may be
attached, such as a threaded hook-up shaft, secured chain, etc., and thus the
process is complete.
The decision 13 is invoked if the technician has determined that the use of a
mounting hole or holes is
appropriate to the work. In this decision, the technician must respond to the
question as to whether
mounting holes are present and if so, whether these mounting holes are
appropriately located.
The action 14 is invoked if the technician determines that a mounting hole or
holes must be produced. In
order to produce a mounting hole, a bracket, as in FIGURE 4, must be attached
with which a drill
cartridge, as in FIGURE 5, is engaged in order to produce a hole. The mounting
of said bracket may be
achieved by one of three methods from which the technician is to choose the
most practical given the work.
The methods of mounting the bracket offered to the technician are the use of
locking pliers, as in FIGURE
6, a threaded stud welded to the medium, or a piercing punch, as in FIGURE 7,
in order to create a small
diameter hole where a self tapping screw is engaged to mount said bracket.
Upon completion of action 14, the technician is offered the option of using a
bracket in decision 15 with
which to engage devices which will sustain the application of force or to
directly attach said devices. If the
technician chooses to waive the bracket option then the process is again
completed at end terminal 21 in the
attachment of said device(s).
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1f the requirement of the bracket is established in decision 15, then the
technician is instructed to mount
said bracket in action 20 by means of a threaded rivet, which is to engage a
bolt, or a conventional nut and
bolt configuration through the newly produced holes) in action 14. Once the
bracket is secured, the process
may again be completed at end terminal 21 as before.
Returning to decision 13, if the technician is able to utilize any existing
holes then decision 16 may be
invoked. Here, the technician must decide whether to proceed with the aid of a
bracket or to directly mount
any devices which will sustain the application of force. If the technician
chooses to waive the bracket
option then the process is completed at end terminal 21 as before. If the
technician does require a bracket
for the purposes of mounting any devices which will sustain the application of
force, then action 17 is to be
invoked where the bracket is secured to the medium by means of either a
threaded rivet or a nut and bolt
configuration as in action 20 above.
The technician may proceed to decision 18 where the requirement of any
additional hole(s), in order to
provide additional mounting strength, is to be determined. If additional holes
are not required, the
technician may proceed to end terminal 21 to complete the process as before.
In the event of additional
holes required, the technician may proceed to action 19 in order to engage the
drill cartridge to produce said
hole(s).
Once the requisite hole requirement is satisfied in action 19, the technician
need only to secure the bracket,
by means of threaded rivet or nut and bolt configuration as before, utilizing
new mounting hole. The
process is then completed at end terminal 21 once any devices which will
sustain the application of force
have been attached.
In an embodiment of the present invention a repair zone will be described with
reference to FIG.10. The
vehicle under repair 28 is intended to be brought within a perimeter described
by floor anchor points 24
which are illustrated in their relative positions in the industry defined
configuration and further situated in
the perimeter described by additional floor anchor points 26.
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Precise positioning and elevation of the vehicle is attained with the aid of
the apparatus which will be
described with reference to FIG. 11. The elevation and mobility apparatus 46
is secured to crossbeam 30
and a wheel assembly 48 is attached to said crossbeam 30. The combined
elevation and mobility apparatus
46 and the crossbeam 30 is now moved into position such that the unsecured end
of the crossbeam 30 is
brought under the vehicle 28, perpendicular to its length, and allowed to
extend on the other side of the
vehicle 28. An additional elevation and mobility apparatus 46 is then secured
to the unsecured end of the
crossbeam 30 after the removal of the wheel assembly 48 which is adjustable
and removable by screw
clamps 42. The elevation of the crossbeam 30 relative to the elevation and
mobility apparatuses 46is then
configured by the height adjustment bolt 32 which passes through a threaded
hole in the crossbeam 30 and
then said crossbeam 30 is locked at desired elevation by lock pins 40
providing perpendicularity once
tightly secured relative to the height of the elevation and mobility
apparatus. The elevation of the elevation
and mobility apparatuses 46 relative to the floor is then adjustable by means
of bolt 34 and locked by
means of screw lever 36.
Final positioning of the vehicle 28 is achieved by maintaining the elevation
of the elevation and mobility
apparatuses 46 above the floor such that the attached wheels 38 are free to
move. Immobility is attained by
lowering the elevation and mobility apparatuses 46 to the floor thereby
rendering the attached wheels 38
incapable of providing movement. Should partial immobility be desired, for
rotation, said elevation and
mobility apparatuses 46 can be maintained above the floor and said attached
wheels 38 can be locked as
desired and thus rotation axis defined.
A second pair of elevation and mobility apparatuses 46 and a crossbeam 30 can
then be put into position at
the other end of the vehicle 28 as required by the repair.
The mechanism by which the elevation and mobility apparatus 46 is attached to
the crossbeam 30 will be
described in detail with reference to FIG. 15. The height adjustment bolt 68
passes through a self aligning
nut 70 of cylindrical shape contained within the hollow end region of the
crossbeam 72. The axis of
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rotation of the self aligning nut 70 is defined by the insertion of the set
screw 74 through axis hole 78in the
hollow end region of the crossbeam 72and into the appropriately threaded end
of the self aligning nut 70.
Thus the necessary maneuverability of the assembled system, as indicated by
the range of angles through
which the height adjustment bolt 80may pass relative to the crossbeam 72, is
afforded until the requisite
height is determined and the height adjustment bolt 68is tightened such that
crossbeam 72is brought
perpendicular to the height of the elevation and mobility apparatus 46 with
the aid of lock pins40.
Securing the final position of the elevation and mobility apparatus 46, before
repair, will be described with
reference to FIG. 12. Base clamps 50 are brought into contact with the
elevation and mobility apparatuses
46 at those points on the floor deemed critical under stress and said base
clamps are secured to floor anchor
points 24 or 26 as convenient. Securing to floor anchor points 24 or 26 is
achieved by passing the floor
anchor bolt 52 through the saw-toothed washer 54 and then passing said
assembly through the base clamp
50, and potentially through appropriately provided anchoring holes 44 on the
elevation and mobility
apparatus 46, into the threaded floor anchor points 24 or 26such that the
teeth of said saw-toothed washer
54 come into contact with the saw-toothed edges of the base clamp 50 thereby
eliminating movement under
stress.
Securing of the vehicle 28 to the combined apparatus will be described with
reference to FIG. 13. Two
adjustable clamps 56 are attached to a section of crossbeam 58 between the
elevation and mobility
apparatuses 46 and are spaced according to the distance between the lower
sills on the undercarriage of the
vehicle 28 and are locked into position by means of bolts 60. Said distance
varies by brand and model of
vehicle 28 however the present invention provides universal accommodation for
this distance by means of
said adjustability. The adjustable clamps 56 are then tightened to the lower
sills on the undercarriage of the
vehicle 28 by means of clamp bolts 62 thus completing the preparation process
for repair.
Further, spot anchoring is achieved with higher resolution than conventional
systems which are typically
floor anchored. Such anchoring means will be described with reference to FIG.
14. A chain anchor point
66 is affixed to a section of crossbeam 64 at a point outside the perimeter of
the vehicle 28 thereby
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providing anchoring means. Similarly, chain anchor points 66 may be affixed to
the elevation and mobility
apparatuses 46 providing additional anchoring points. Such high resolution
anchoring in the present
invention allows the stress of repair to be localized to the damaged region
thereby reducing secondary
damage which is prevalent in conventional systems.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a method is
provided for the attachment of an
appropriate threaded shaft in preparation for the further attachment of
devices enabling the application of
force. The attachment of the threaded shaft is performed according to the
following steps:
-selection of mounting method according to material thickness, accessibility,
and the distribution
of forces required by the work;
-selection of threaded shaft appropriate to the choice of mounting method; and
-engagement of the threaded shaft with the medium, either directly or by means
of bracket, and
this finalization of preparation for the attachment of further devices to
provide means for the application of
force to the affected region.
The apparatus required to perform the steps outlined above will be better
understood with reference to the
figures listed in the description of drawings above.
The description of the directly mountable threaded shafts will be discussed
with reference to FIGS. 16
through 20. A threaded shaft is provided as in FIG. 16 such that it has a
threaded outer cylinder 78, a
smaller diameter threaded bolt 82 for engagement with a nut 80 through a
medium 76. The threaded shaft is
also provided with a square socket 84 to facilitate engagement with a wrench,
such as an impact wrench,
commonly available to the mechanic. This threaded shaft is further illustrated
in FIG. 17 having square a
socket 86.
A threaded shaft is provided as in FIG. 18 for applications where the medium
94 with which the threaded
shaft is to be engaged is provided with an installed threaded rivet 92.
Similar to the threaded shaft of FIG.
16, the threaded shaft of FIG.18 is provided with a threaded outer cylinder
90, a square socket 98, and a
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smaller diameter threaded bolt 96 to engage the installed threaded rivet 92.
This threaded shaft is further
provided with an annular cavity 88 to eliminate the obstruction posed by the
head of the installed threaded
rivet 92 when the threaded shaft is in full abutment of the medium.
A threaded shaft is provided as in FIG. 19 for applications where the medium
106 with which the threaded
shaft is to be engaged is of reduced material rigidity requiring the
additional rigidity afforded by the
deformation of said medium 106. Similar to the threaded shaft of FIG. 18, the
threaded shaft of FIG. 19 is
provided with a threaded outer cylinder 102, a square socket 110, and a
smaller diameter threaded bolt 108
to engage the forming nut 104 through the medium 106. The forming nut 104 is
provided with an annular
depression which forms the negative of the positive forming shape 100 allowing
the deformation of the
medium 106 when the threaded shaft is fully engaged with said medium 106 and
forming nut 104.
A threaded shaft is provided as in FIG. 20 for specific automotive
applications where portions of the
undercarriage of a vehicle are suitably designed, such as the undercarriage of
a BMW automobile, to
engage the twist and lock mechanism comprised of key 112 and lock 114. Similar
to the threaded shaft of
FIG. 19, the threaded shaft of FIG. 20 is provided with a threaded outer
cylinder 116 and further may be
provided with a square socket 110.
The description of the bracket mountable threaded shaft will be better
understood with reference to FIGS.
21 through 25. A bracket mountable threaded shaft is provided as in FIG. 21
for applications where a
bracket is first engaged with a medium and subsequently a threaded shaft is
required to be engaged with
said bracket. Similar to the threaded shafts of FIGS. 16 through 20, the
threaded shaft of FIG. 21 is
provided with a threaded outer cylinder 124, a square socket 118 to facilitate
engagement with a wrench,
and a smaller diameter threaded bolt 122 not exceeding the length of the
threaded region of the intended
bracket. This threaded shaft is further provided with a barrier form 120
intended for fitting the format of the
bracket providing additional mating strength with said bracket.
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A right angle bracket and threaded shaft are engaged as in FIG. 22. Once the
bracket 126 is mounted to a
medium, an engaged threaded shaft has a free threaded outer cylinder 128 for
the purposes of further
attachments. A threaded shaft may be engaged at either or both planes of the
right angle bracket 126 and it
is understood that flat brackets or brackets of other configurations may be
used to engage a threaded shaft.
A vise equipped with one tightening point and a threaded shaft are provided as
in FIG. 23. The single point
vise 130 is configured similar to the bracket of FIG. 22 in that it may be
engaged with the threaded shaft
132. Said vise configuration is intended for applications where a suitable
anchoring point is available such
as the pinch well along the undercarriage of a vehicle.
A vise equipped with two tightening points and a threaded shaft are provided
as in FIG. 24. The double
point vise 134 is similar to the bracket of FIG. 22 and the single point vise
of FIG. 23 in that it may be
engaged with the threaded shaft 136. The use of a double point vise 134
facilitates the distribution of force
among its points of contact. It is understood that vises equipped with
multiple tightening points may be
used without departing from the scope of the invention.
A MacPherson strut housing mountable bracket and threaded shaft are provided
as in FIG. 25. The
MacPherson strut housing bracket 144 is equipped with swivel arms 146 in order
to accommodate varying
housing dimensions. The swivel arms 146 are further provided with plugs 142
which are intended to
engage holes at the three points common to MacPherson strut housings. A
threaded shaft 142 may be
engaged by the MacPherson strut housing bracket 144 by means of the threaded
receptacle 140.
A description of an unthreaded mounting shaft with an eyelet attachment
facility will be discussed with
reference to FIG. 84. A mounting shaft 692 is provided with an internal thread
to engage an appropriately
threaded eyelet 690 which may then be used to engage a chain or hook for the
application of force
according to the requirements of the operator. It is understood that said
mounting shaft 692 may be
equipped with any of the mounting configurations as described above with
reference to FIGS. 16 to 25. It
is further understood that the threaded shafts, as described above with
reference to FIGS. 16 to 25, may be
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of a configuration lacking external threads along the axis of the shaft whilst
retaining mounting and
attachment facilities.
A description of an unthreaded mounting shaft with threaded stud mounting
platform will be discussed with
reference to FIG. 91. A mounting shaft 760 is provided with an internal thread
to engage a threaded eyelet
as above. The mounting shaft 760 is equipped with an additional internal
thread on its opposing end to
engage a threaded stud on mounting platform 762. Said mounting platform 762
may be magnetically held
to the work surface in preparation for welding to said surface. A clearance
recess 764 is provided in order
to facilitate removal of said mounting platform 762 by means of prying away
from the work surface after
the completion of the action of repair. The mounting shaft 760 is shown
provided with wrench tightening
facility 766 which is configured to allow the engagement of a wrench which
would be commonly available
in the shop of the operator. It is understood that said wrench tightening
facility 766 may be incorporated
into any of the above mentioned mounting shafts. It is also understood that
said clearance recess 764 may
be of varying configurations allowing clearance of obstacles to mounting in
addition to providing above
mentioned facility for prying said mounting platform 762 away from the surface
of the work.
A description of a mounting bracket to engage the above described threaded and
unthreaded mounting
shafts will be discussed with reference to FIG. 85. A mounting shaft bracket
696 is provided with a
receptacle 694 to engage mounting shafts as those discussed with reference to
FIGS. 16 through 25 and
FIG. 84. Said mounting shaft bracket 696 is shown to be readily mounted to a
vehicle elevation apparatus
but may additionally be configured to mount to surfaces as required by the
work. A tightening screw
facility 695 is provided such that the elevation of the engaged mounting shaft
within the hollow of said
bracket 696 may be adjusted and secured by the operator.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, the following steps
are provided in order to
effectively implement the apparatus herein:
- an anchor point is established at the site, such as a point on a vehicle
body or frame, at which
force is desired to be introduced in order correct material damage or
distortion;
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- the vector transfer apparatus, and appropriately chosen attachment engaged
therewith, is engaged
at said anchor point and appropriately configured as to the direction of
desired force application; and
- force is applied at the accessible end of the vector transfer apparatus in
order to effectively
transfer corrective forces to said anchor point.
The apparatus required to perform the above steps will be better understood
with reference to the drawings
as listed in the description of drawings above.
The description of the vector transfer apparatus will be discussed with
reference to FIGS. 26 to 30 and
FIG. 88. A vector transfer apparatus is provided as in FIG. 26 comprised of an
internally threaded cylinder
150 with which to engage an appropriately gauged threaded shaft at the anchor
point, a vector lock
mechanism 152 enabling the operator to adjust the angle of engagement through
a range of approximately
120 degrees at approximately fifteen degree increments, a straight arm 154
affixed to said vector lock
mechanism 152 at an angle allowing the operator to clear obstructions to the
work between the anchor point
and the free end of the straight arm 154, a chain 156 affixed to the free end
of the straight arm 154 as an
example of a point on which force may be exerted in a direction away from the
body of the vector lock
mechanism 152. The chain 156 may be substituted with an assortment of means
functioning to facilitate the
application of force by engaging the free end of said straight arm 154.
The structure of the vector transfer apparatus of FIG. 26 is further
illuminated in the side view illustration
of FIG. 27. The apparatus is comprised of an internally threaded cylinder 158,
a vector lock mechanism
160, a straight arm 162, and a chain 164 as that in F1G. 26.
A modified configuration of the vector transfer apparatus is provided as in
FIG. 28. The apparatus is
similarly comprised of an internally threaded cylinder 166 and a vector lock
mechanism 168 as in FIGS. 26
and 27. The straight arm 170 is affixed parallel to the lower edge of the
vector lock mechanism 168 in
contrast to the previous figures facilitating the clearing of obstructions
which may differ from those
addressed in the previous configurations. The apparatus is provided with a
chain attachment 172 as before.
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A vector transfer apparatus with an adjustable arm attachment is provided as
in FIG. 29. This apparatus
comprises an internally threaded cylinder 176 and a vector lock mechanism 178
as before. The apparatus is
shown engaged with a threaded shaft 174 as that which would be present at the
anchor site. A straight arm
connector 180, affixed to the vector lock mechanism 178, is provided equipped
with a facility to mate with
a further arm attachment 182 configured to slide within the hollow of said
straight arm connector 180. The
arm attachment 182 is secured to the apparatus by means of length locking bolt
190 passing through a
guide hole in the straight arm connector 180 and then through the operator
selected hole, chosen from
spaced holes provided on the arm attachment 182, and engaged with a nut on the
opposing side to hold said
length locking bolt 190, and thus the arm attachment 182, firmly in place. The
arm attachment 182 is
further provided with height adjustment of end piece 188, allowed mobility
within the lower chamber, by
means of screw 184 which at full engagement of appropriately provided thread
will lock end piece 188 at
required position relative to lower chamber. A chain 186 is shown attached to
said end piece 188 as in
previously described configurations.
A vector transfer apparatus with an attached chain tightening mechanism is
provided as in FIG. 30. This
apparatus comprises an internally threaded cylinder 194 and a vector lock
mechanism 190 as before and is
shown engaged with a threaded shaft 192 as that which would be present at the
anchor site. The vector lock
mechanism 190 is provided such that it may be engaged with a chain tightening
mechanism 196, commonly
available to the collision repair technician, as shown. The chain tightening
mechanism 196 has a chain 198
attached similar to the configurations previously described.
An inverted vector transfer apparatus is provided as in FIG. 88. The inverted
vector transfer apparatus 724
is provided with facility to engage a mounted shaft 722 which is further
mounted to the medium under
repair 720. The vector transfer apparatus 724 is supported against the medium
720 by support 728 of
material sufficient to withstand distortion under the stresses applied to the
chain attachment 726 and serves
to distribute forces applied and prevent rotation about the mounting point of
mounted shaft 722 where the
desired application of force is along the longitudinal axis of the medium 720.
Any of the vector transfer
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apparatuses may be used in said inverted fashion as required by the work where
the operator may find the
non-inverted usage impractical or where the forces needed to be applied are
better aligned with the inverted
vector apparatus 724.
A detailed description of the vector lock mechanism will be discussed with
reference to FIGS. 31 and 32.
A vector lock mechanism is provided as in FIG. 31 comprising an internally
threaded cylinder 202, upper
lock bolt 196, lower lock bolt 200, mounting panel 194, and angle setting
holes such as hole 198 bored on
said mounting panel 194. The lower lock bolt 200 may be removed to allow the
operator to rotate the
internally threaded cylinder 202 about the axis of the installed upper locking
bolt 196. Said internally
threaded cylinder 202 may be rotated, relative to mounting panel 194, to the
desired angle and then set at
said angle by means of reinserting and securing said lower locking bolt 200 at
the appropriate hole passing
through mounting plate 194, locking bolt fixture of the internally threaded
cylinder 202, and the opposing
mounting plate. A threaded shaft 192 is shown to be engaged with the vector
lock mechanism illustrating
the facility of the unit to be rotated about the axis of the threaded shaft
192, maintaining the engagement,
allowing the operator to position the vector lock mechanism according to the
requirements of the work in
this plane.
A vector lock mechanism is provided as in FIG. 32 wherein the locking bolt
fixtures are exposed. Similar
to FIG. 31, this vector lock mechanism comprises an internally threaded
cylinder 214, upper lock bolt 208,
lower lock bolt 212, mounting panel 206, and angle setting holes such as hole
210 bored on said mounting
panel 206. Said internally threaded cylinder 214 is shown with locking bolt
fixtures configured such that
when abutted with mounting panel 206, the upper locking bolt may pass through
upper fixture and lower
fixture may be aligned with each of the holes in mounting panel 206 such as
hole 210 allowing the
engagement of lower locking bolt 212 at the desired angle. Holes in the
mounting panel 206 are provided,
along the abutment path of said lower fixture, allowing a rotation range about
the axis of the installed upper
locking bolt 208 of approximately 120 degrees at approximately fifteen degree
setting increments. It is
understood that holes may be provided in this path for varying rotation ranges
at varying setting increments
without departing from the spirit of the present invention. A threaded shaft
204 is illustrated to be engaged
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with the vector lock mechanism as in FIG. 31 and similarly this configuration
allows rotation of the unit
about said threaded shaft 204.
A vector transfer apparatus is provided as in FIG. 33 where a pulling hook 218
is used to provide
corrective forces. The arm attachment 222 is provided as before to clear
obstacles to the work. A high
resolution vector lock mechanism comprised of an internally threaded cylinder
224, a rotation window 226,
and an adjustment bolt 228 provides adjustability of the vector transfer
apparatus through the full range of
angles defined by the rotation window 226. The rotation of the adjustment bolt
228 about its axis provides
the means to set the angle of the arm attachment 222 relative to the static
angle adopted by the internally
threaded cylinder 224. The adjustment bolt 228 is prevented from motion
parallel to its axis by means of
bushings. The high resolution vector lock mechanism is anchored to the site of
the work by means of the
internally threaded cylinder 224 engaged with a bracket 220 which is further
engaged with the medium 216
on which work is to be performed. Anchoring at the site of the work includes
but is not limited to the
implementation of the bracket 220.
A vector transfer apparatus is provided as in FIG. 34 where a pulling hook 236
is used to provide
corrective forces as before. This vector transfer apparatus comprises the same
components as those of F1G.
33 and is shown engaged with a bracket 234. The head of the adjustment bolt
230 is shown to be accessible
and operable by tools readily available to the technician. Removable locking
pin 244 is used to engage the
adjustment bolt 230 with the internally threaded cylinder 240 and removable
locking pin 232, which
additionally provides an axis of rotation for said vector transfer apparatus,
is used to engage arm attachment
242 with said internally threaded cylinder 240.
In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a process is
provided for the establishment of
an anchor point, a hook-up spot, on a medium in preparation for the
application of corrective forces where
the following steps summarize the effort:
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- a point on a damaged or distorted contiguous medium, such as the body or
frame of a vehicle
having been involved in a collision, is chosen as the best suited for force to
be applied to correct said
damage;
-the hook-up process is invoked where the mechanic is to follow the
instructions outlined in the
proposed process and make decisions based on the requirements of the work as
part of the process; and
- upon completion of this process, the mechanic is provided the facility to
attach those devices
which will sustain the application of force, such as a threaded hook-up shaft,
bolted chain, etc., while
achieving the desired repair.
The hook-up process noted in the above steps will be better understood with
reference to the drawings as
listed in the description of drawings above.
The description of the hook-up process will be discussed in detail with
reference to FIGURES 35 to 40. A
hook-up process is provided as in FIGURE 35 wherein a flowchart format is used
to best illustrate its
intended usage. The hook-up process flowchart is comprised of several steps
which take the form of either
an action to be taken or an action preceded by a decision to be made by the
mechanic. Arrows are used to
indicate the direction of flow.
The start terminal 248 is the initialization stage of the process. At this
stage, a point on the medium to be
repaired must be chosen appropriate to be able to correct damage if force is
applied at the correct vector
through this location.
The decision 250 offers the mechanic the option of proceeding with or without
the use of mounting holes.
This determination is dependent on the site of the work, the magnitude of the
force to be applied in respect
of the sustaining ability of the mounting spot, and whether a mounting hole is
a practical means of
attachment of an anchoring device.
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The action 252 is invoked if the mechanic has chosen to proceed without a hole
or holes and is therefore
satisfied that a clamping method is sufficient to sustain the forces to be
applied in correcting the damage. In
this case, a pinch clamp may be used as that illustrated in FIGURE 36. Once
the clamp is attached, the
mechanic may move to the end terminal 270 where a device to sustain the
application of force may be
attached, such as a threaded hook-up shaft, bolted chain, etc., and thus the
process is complete.
The decision 254 is invoked if the mechanic has determined that the use of a
mounting hole or holes is
appropriate to the work. In this decision, the mechanic must respond to the
question as to whether mounting
holes are present and if so, whether these mounting holes are appropriately
located.
The action 256 is invoked if the mechanic determines that a mounting hole or
holes must be produced. In
order to produce a mounting hole, a universal bracket, as in FIGURE 37, must
be attached with which a
drill cartridge, as in FIGURE 38, is engaged in order to produce a hole. The
mounting of said bracket may
be achieved by one of three methods from which the mechanic is to choose the
most practical given the
work. The methods of mounting the bracket offered to the mechanic are the use
of locking pliers, as in
FIGURE 39, a threaded stud welded to the medium, or a piercing punch, as in
FIGURE 40, in order to
create a small diameter hole where a self tapping screw is engaged to mount
said bracket.
Upon completion of action 256, the mechanic is offered the option of using a
universal bracket in decision
258 with which to engage devices which will sustain the application of force
or to directly attach said
devices. If the mechanic chooses to waive the bracket option then the process
is again completed at end
terminal 270 in the attachment of said device(s).
If the requirement of the universal bracket is established in decision 258,
then the mechanic is instructed to
mount said bracket in action 268 by means of a threaded rivet, which is to
engage a bolt, or a conventional
nut and bolt configuration through the newly produced holes) in action 256.
Once the bracket is secured,
the process may again be completed at end terminal 270 as before.
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Returning to decision 254, if the mechanic is able to utilize any existing
holes then decision 260 may be
invoked. Here, the mechanic must decide whether to proceed with the aid of a
bracket or to directly mount
any devices which will sustain the application of force. If the mechanic
chooses to waive the bracket option
then the process is completed at end terminal 270 as before. If the mechanic
does require a bracket for the
purposes of mounting any devices which will sustain the application of force,
then action 262 is to be
invoked where the bracket is secured to the medium by means of either a
threaded rivet or a nut and bolt
configuration as in action 268 above.
The mechanic may proceed to decision 264 where the requirement of any
additional hole(s), in order to
provide additional mounting strength, is to be determined. If additional holes
are not required, the mechanic
may proceed to end terminal 270 to complete the process as before. In the
event of additional holes
required, the mechanic may proceed to action 266 in order to engage the drill
carnidge to produce said
hole(s).
Once the requisite hole requirement is satisfied in action 266, the mechanic
need only to secure the
universal bracket, by means of threaded rivet or nut and bolt configuration as
before, utilizing new
mounting hole. The process is then completed at end terminal 270 once any
devices which will sustain the
application of force have been attached.
In another embodiment, a method is provided for the installation of a repair
bracket at the site of the work
in order to facilitate drilling, rivet installation, anchor establishment on
the medium. The installation
process is performed according to the following steps:
- selection of the repair bracket according to the intended action or actions
to be performed;
- affixation of the repair bracket to the medium by a means in accordance with
the accessibility of
the work, the requirements of the work, and the characteristics of the medium;
-engagement of an attachment such as a drill guide, rivet press, anchor, etc.,
with the affixed repair
bracket;
- performance of the action of repair; and
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- removal of the affixed repair bracket after completion of the repair
process.
The apparatus required to perform the above steps will be better understood
with reference to the drawings
below as listed in the description of drawings above.
'fhe description of the universal repair bracket will be discussed in detail
with reference to FIGS. 41
through 48. A right angle repair bracket is provided as in FIG. 41 comprised
of platform walls such as wall
274, attachment receptacles such as receptacle 276 which may or may not be
threaded or tapered dependent
on the configuration of the intended attachment, exhaust paths such as exhaust
path 278 which allow the
removal of debris at the surface of the medium at the site of the work, and
mounting holes such as
mounting hole 280 which allow the bracket to be affixed to the medium by
various means. A right angle
repair bracket is provided as in FIG. 42 where the configuration of the
platform wall 282, the attachment
receptacle 284, and the mounting hole 286 are further illustrated from a work
side view. FIG. 43 provides
an additional view of the right angle bracket highlighting the relative
scaling of the platform wall 290 and
the attachment receptacle 292.
A flat repair bracket is provided as in FIG. 44 where a single plane platform
wall 298 has attachment
receptacles such as attachment receptacle 294 and a centrally located mounting
hole 296. A work side view
of the flat repair bracket of FIG. 44 is provided in F1G. 45 showing
attachment receptacle 304 equipped
with exhaust paths as in FIG. 41, the centrally located mounting hole 302, and
the platform wall 300.
A flat repair bracket is provided as in FIG. 46 mounted to a medium 308 where
the attachment receptacle
is shown to be tapered unlike those of FIGS. 41 through 45 facilitating
engagement with like attachments.
A washer 310 is shown engaged with the work end of the attachment receptacle
where said washer may be
mounted to the medium 308 by means of weld and when fitted with the repair
bracket, provides additional
load bearing capacity for the entire repair bracket system should additional
load bearing capacity be
required by the work.
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An adjustable mount repair bracket is provided as in FIG. 47 where said
bracket is equipped with an
anchor 318 should load be desired to be applied thereto. This repair bracket
has movable attachment
receptacles such as receptacle 322 tightened into position by bolts such as
bolts 314 and 316 and further
locked into position by the serrated side 320 of the repair bracket. Said
attachment receptacles can
additionally be tightened or held in their desired positions by a nut with a
handle such as devices 312 and
324. The movement of said attachment receptacles offers the technician the
ability to define the relative
distance between mounting points as desired thereby providing greater
flexibility in avoiding obstacles,
utilizing existing holes, or in drilling new holes.
An adjustable mount repair bracket is provided as in FIG. 48 where the work
side of the bracket is
illustrated with attachment receptacles 326 and 328. The anchor 330 is drawn
with dashed lines to indicate
its position to be on the opposing side and the serrated surface 332 is shown
to be on the work side in order
to engage said attachment receptacles 326 and 328 once tightened into
position.
Implementation of an adjustable mount repair bracket is shown as in FIG. 49
where the repair bracket is
affixed to medium 334 which has damage requiring correction 336. The medium
334 pictured here is
similar to that of a automobile frame where a rectangular hollow pipe is
common. The repair bracket may
be mounted as shown utilizing existing holes to mount attachment receptacles
such as 338 that may be
tightened from the interior of the pipelike frame by wrench 346. Three such
attachment receptacles are
shown where the rightmost receptacle is used as a guide for drill bit 340
rotated by power tool 342 in order
that further holes may be produced in order to secure the repair bracket to
said medium as required by the
work. The anchor 344 is shown to be free to bear the force required to correct
damage 336 at the
appropriate vector as chosen by the operator. The number and functionality of
attachment receptacles
engaged on such a repair bracket are only limited by the length of the body of
said repair bracket.
A variation on the mounting technique used to affix a right angle repair
bracket is provided as in FIG. 50
where locking pliers 354 has adjustability along adjustment shaft 356 with arm
348 forcing right angle
bracket 350 against medium 352. The centrally located hole of the bracket as
shown in FIGS. 41, 42, 44,
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and 45 may be used as an interface to force the right angle bracket 350
against the medium with said
locking pliers.
The locking pliers method of affixing the right angle bracket to a medium is
provided as before in FIG. 51
where attachments are shown to be engaged with said right angle bracket. A
drill guide 358 is engaged with
said right angle repair bracket on the plane of the medium facing west whereas
an additional attachment
360 is simultaneously engaged with the plane of the medium facing south
thereby illustrating the facility of
the repair bracket in allowing dual plane simultaneous functionality.
A repair bracket is provided as in FIG. 52 in order to illustrate the
functionality of the repair bracket in
allowing the operator to use said bracket in conjunction with a drill guide
368 in order to produce evenly
spaced holes, distance between said holes being defined by the relative
distances of the attachment
receptacles of the repair bracket 366, through the wall of a medium 364 having
a similar configuration as
those of FIGS. 50 and 51. A plug attachment 370 is used to affix the repair
bracket 366 to the work face of
the medium while a drill guide 368 is engaged with the free attachment
receptacle of the bracket and
drilling action is performed. Once a hole is produced, the plug attachment 370
may be used to affix the
repair bracket 366 to the medium at the site of the newly produced hole
thereby again freeing the other
attachment receptacle to produce an additional hole with the aid of said drill
guide. Additional holes may
be produced by repeating this method as desired resulting in evenly spaced
holes such as holes 362.
A description of a chain equipped bracket will be discussed with reference to
FIG. 86 and FIG. 87. A
chain equipped bracket 702 is provided as in FIG. 86 having an extended chain
704 facilitating the
application of force. Said bracket 702 may be mounted to medium 700 at
location 706 by welding or nut-
and-bolt configuration as shown.
Two chain equipped brackets 710 and 716 having extended chains 712 and 714,
respectively, are provided
as in FIG. 87 mounted at locations 708 and 718 on opposing sides of a medium
under repair providing the
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operator additional facility to apply force as may be required by the work and
where access to the work
area may allow.
A description of the push jack bracket will be discussed with reference to
FIGS. 89 and 90. Push jack
brackets 734 and 730 of male and female configurations, respectively, are
provided as in FIG. 89. A push
jack 732, commonly available to the technician, is shown engaged with said
brackets 734 and 730 which
are further engaged with medium 736 subtending the region of damage 736 to be
repaired. Said
configuration allows the application of force, provided by said push jack 732,
along the longitudinal axis of
the medium 738 as required in order to correct the region of damage 736. It is
understood that either the
male push jack bracket 734 or female push jack bracket 730 may be used to
engage the push jack 732
without the aid of the other as required by the work.
A male push jack bracket is provided as in FIG. 90. Said push jack bracket is
provided with a male element
740 in order to engage the female end of a push jack such as push jack 732 of
FIG. 89. Engagement of
said push jack may be accomplished at any point between positions 746 and 754
through a range of angles
742 greater than ninety degrees. Said push jack bracket is mounted to medium
752 by means of bolt 750 or
is welded at points such as 748 or both means may be used to mount said push
jack bracket. Said apparatus
is provided with a bolt clearance recess 744 in order to allow the free
rotation of the push jack through the
range of angles 742 as described above without being obstructed by bolt 750.
The range of angles 742
allows force to be applied at various points as required by the work. It is
understood that the female push
jack bracket is similarly configured with the exception that it has a female
element as opposed to the male
element 740 as described above.
In yet another embodiment, a method is provided for the installation of a
threaded blind rivet. The process
of installation is performed according to the following steps:
- measurement of medium wall thickness into which threaded blind rivet is to
be installed;
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-selection of the length of threaded blind rivet to be used according to
information provided by
wall thickness gauge which may be correspondingly coded by colour or
otherwise;
- engagement of the threaded blind rivet with the threaded lower portion of a
mandrel which is
inserted into the bore of an appropriately sized anvil; and
deforming of the shank of the rivet, and thus installation within the medium,
with the aid of the
composite device consisting of the mandrel, anvil, a custom wrench and
rotation force applied thereon.
The apparatus required to perform the above steps will be better understood
with reference to the drawings
as listed above.
The measurement of medium wall thickness will be discussed with reference to
FIG. 53. A wall thickness
gauge 374 is provided having a width less than the diameter of the hole
intended to house the rivet.
Preferably, the length of wall thickness gauge 374 is suitable for fitting
into the palm of the hand of the
operator and its material is of a minimum thickness and rigidity allowing
operation in the intended
environment without deformation. Said wall thickness gauge 374 is provided
such that is has slots 376 and
380 and the hole 378 provided for attachment to a chain or otherwise for
simple portability. Said slots 376
and 380 are of equal dimension perpendicular to the length of wall thickness
gauge 374 sufficient to engage
the medium wall and provide the operator with a relative reading of thickness
and are of differing
dimensions parallel to the length of the wall thickness gauge 374 offering
depths corresponding to the
lower range of medium wall thickness for which the method and apparatus for
the installation of threaded
blind rivets is to be utilized.
A wall thickness gauge 382 is provided which is similarly equipped with slots
384 and 388 and the hole
386 through its geometric center as those of wall thickness gauge 374 and is
of equal length, width,
material and material thickness to said wall thickness gauge 374. Slots 384
and 388 are provided such that
their dimensions perpendicular to the length of wall thickness gauge 382 are
equal to those of slots 376 and
380 of wall thickness gauge 374. Slot 384 is provided such that its dimension
parallel to the length of wall
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thickness gauge 382 is marginally greater than that of slot 376. Slot 388 is
provided such that its dimension
parallel to the length of wall thickness gauge 382 represents the upper limit
of medium wall thickness for
which the method and apparatus for the installation of threaded blind rivets
is to be utilized.
Said wall thickness gauges are employed by insertion of the head into the hole
intended for the installation
of the rivet into the medium and engaging of the slot with the thickness of
said medium. The wall thickness
gauge which allows the engagement of the thickness of the medium of one slot
and does not allow the
engagement of the thickness of the medium with the other slot provides the
operator with the range for
which a corresponding length of rivet is assigned. The assignment of said
rivet lengths is environment
dependent and it is understood that any number of gauges with appropriate slot
dimensions may be used
with assignments to any number of rivet lengths, if resolution of lengths
should need to increase, without
departing from the scope of the invention.
The threaded blind rivet and the desired installation outcome of said rivet
will be discussed with reference
to FIG. 54. A rivet 390 is provided such that it is of length previously
selected, of diameter appropriate to
the hole of intended installation, is internally threaded, and is provided
with an annular flange 392. Said
rivet 390 may be provided with a coating of commercially available retaining
compound to coat the outer
surface of said rivet 390 including the under surface of said flange 392. Said
retaining compound is chosen
such that its retaining capability is only activated under application of
pressure which the rivet 390 will
endure during the installation process and will cure under anaerobic
conditions provided by the compressed
rivet 394 after installation in the medium 398. The compressed rivet 394, if
coated, will adhere to any
surface of the medium 398 to which it is installed with the aid of said
retaining compound at any point of
contact with said medium 398 between the under surface of the flange of said
compressed rivet 394 and the
ring 396 formed during the compression and thus distortion of said rivet. Once
cured at the site of
installation, said retaining compound further prevents movement of said
compressed rivet 394 within the
allotted hole thus increasing its ability to function under stress beyond that
provided by mechanical
coupling.
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Further, an anvil assembly is provided in accordance with the present
invention and will be discussed with
reference to FIGS. 55 to 61.
An hollow anvil body 400 is provided as in the cross-section of said anvil
body 400 shown in FIG. 55
having an hollow bore through its center consisting of an upper chamber 402
and a lower chamber 404.
Said hollow anvil body 400 is equipped with two rounded slots 406 on opposing
sides at equal elevation.
A mandrel 408 is provided as shown in FIG. 56 such that it has a larger top
portion thread 410 suitable to
engage a large nut, a smaller lower portion thread 414 suitable to engage a
rivet and the hole 412 through
its center. Said mandrel 408 is of a length allowing said threads 410 and 414
to be spaced at a distance
greater than the length of the lower chamber 404 within the hollow anvil body
400.
Assembly of said mandrel and said hollow anvil body is shown in FIG. 57 where
the inserted mandrel 418
passes through the anvil body 416. Said lower thread 414 of said mandrel 418
will emerge through the
bottom portion of said hollow anvil body 416 at a length sufficient to fully
engage a threaded rivet. Said
upper thread 410 of said mandrel 418 will emerge into upper chamber 402 of
said hollow anvil body 416 at
a length sufficient to engage a nut.
A nut 422 is provided as in FIG. 58 such that it will engage the upper thread
410 of a mandrel 430. A
washer 424 and a thrust bearing 426 are provided within the upper chamber 402
of an hollow anvil body
420 to create a reactionary force when said nut 422 is caused to be threaded
upon said mandrel 430 and to
maintain applied forces parallel to the axis of rotation thereby reducing the
possibility of friction between
said mandrel 430 and said hollow anvil body 420.
A pin 428 is provided such that it will pass through the hollow anvil body
420, at the rounded slots 406
provided for this purpose, and through the body of the mandrel 430, at the
hole 412 provided for this
purpose, thus restricting the relative rotation of said hollow anvil body 420
and said mandrel 430. The pin
428 is additionally restricted to movement along the length axis of the anvil
assembly by the rounded slots
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406 thereby providing a means of limiting the movement of said mandrel 430
along this axis thus limiting
deformation of the compressed rivet 394. For further clarification, the side
view of a pin 444 passing
through an hollow anvil body 440 and a mandrel 442 is shown in FIG. 60 and the
top view of a pin 448
passing through an anvil and mandrel assembly 446 is shown in FIG. 61.
Upon the application of force to a nut 434, as shown in FIG. 59, against the
upper thread 408 of a mandrel
438, said mandrel 438 will be drawn upward through the hollow anvil body 432
along the length axis of the
rounded slots 406 where the rotation of said mandrel 438 is restricted by
means of the inserted pin 436. A
rivet engaged with the lower thread 412 of said mandrel 438 will be forced
against the hollow anvil body
432 at its lower end thereby generating the force required to compress said
rivet thereby fixing it within the
medium as indicated in FIG. 54.
An anvil wrench will be discussed with reference to FIGS. 62 to 64. An anvil
wrench 454, as shown from
the top in FIG. 62, is provided to engage a pin 476 passing through the
assembly of FIG. 64. Once
engaged, the anvil wrench454 is used to control the rotation of said assembly.
The anvil wrench 454
provided thus is equipped with a ring 450 of diameter sufficient to pass
freely over the hollow anvil body
470. Two slots 456 are positioned on said ring 450 such that a line joining
said slots would be
perpendicular to the shaft of the anvil wrench 454 in the same plane and such
that said slots 456 will freely
engage said pin 476. The anvil wrench 454 is fitted with a first attachment
452 perpendicular to the plane
of the shaft of said anvil wrench 454.
A first attachment 460, as shown in the side view of an anvil wrench in FIG.
63, is provided such that it
can support a second attachment 462 thereto in a plane parallel to that of the
anvil wrench 464. Two slots
468, positioned on the ring portion 458 of anvil wrench 464, are shown in the
shape desired for engagement
with a pin 476 of FIG. 64 and thus rotational manipulation of said assembly of
FIG. 64 is afforded.
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The ring portion 472 of an anvil wrench 470 is shown in engagement of a pin
476 in FIG. 64. The
geometry of slots 468 allows rotation along the length axis of said assembly
of FIG. 64 to be restricted to
that desired by manipulation of the anvil wrench 474.
During the installation of a threaded rivet, the anvil wrench 474 is engaged
with the assembly of FIG. 64
such that when force is applied to a nut 434 against the upper thread 410 of
mandrel 438, only movement
along the length axis of the assembly of FIG. 64 is permitted. One handed
operation of the apparatus for
the installation of threaded blind rivets is permitted when a powered tool,
commonly available to the
mechanic, is used to engage the nut 434 such that said powered tool is pressed
against said second
attachment 462 of anvil wrench 464 and is allowed to rest against said first
attachment 460.
In another aspect of the present invention, the device provided is to be
installed at the site of the work
where a rivet has been previously installed in a medium. The implementation of
the present invention will
be better understood with reference to the drawings as listed in the
description of drawings above.
The description of the rivet reinforcement washer will be discussed with
reference to FIGS. 65 to 68. A
rivet reinforcement washer 480 is provided as in FIG. 65 comprised of an
raised annular support channel
to abut and distribute the load, weld holes 482, 486, and 490 to facilitate
mounting the washer, a central
hole 488 to clear the intended rivet path, and a moisture exhaust path 484
should moisture or debris collect
under rivet reinforcement washer 480.
A rivet reinforcement washer is shown as in FIG. 66 having a central hole 492
and a raised annular support
channel 494 illustrating the geometry of said channel 494. This geometry is
chosen such that the inner ring
is to be closely matched as a negative to the attachment providing the
greatest surface area of contact and
such that the outer ring is wedge shaped to provide the greatest possible
support under stress.
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A rivet reinforcement washer is provided as in FIG. 67 where the washer 496 is
mounted to a medium 498
and where said washer 496 is positioned such that there is full access to the
internally threaded rivet 500
already installed, thereby not interfering with the utility of the internally
threaded rivet.
A rivet reinforcement washer is provided as in FIG. 68 mounted on a medium
502. The washer 504 is
mounted to said medium by means of welds 506, 508, and510 along the outer
flange of said washer. Due to
the low profile of washer 504, it may be acceptable to allow it to remain
attached after its utility has been
exhausted. The washer 504 can be easily removed a8er use by sanding at said
weld points or by various
other means familiar to the technician should the washer become an obstruction
or present cosmetic
incongruity after use.
Applications of the rivet reinforcement washer will be discussed with
reference to FIGS. 69 and 70. An
installed rivet reinforcement washer is shown in FIG. 69 providing load
support for a bracket attachment
512 and offering access to the rivet 516 installed in medium 518. The inner
ring of the raised channel of
washer 514 is shown fully abutting the lower portion of the bracket attachment
thereby providing the
greatest possible load support. The washer 514 is shown without the extended
outer flange of those washers
illustrated in FIGS. 65 to 68. The embodiment relating to the presence of the
outer flange is to be selected
according to the requirements of the work where increasing the diameter of the
outer flange increases the
load bearing facility of the system but may need to be restricted in order to
avoid obstructions at the site of
the work.
A second rivet reinforcement washer is shown in FIG. 70 providing load support
for attachment 520
illustrating the versatility of said washer in its ability to accommodate
various attachments as required by
the work. The washer 522 is mounted on a medium 524 at a site where a rivet
523 is previously installed as
in FIG. 69. Attachment 520 is equipped with a bolt to engage rivet 523 after
passing through the central
hole of washer 522 and medium 524.
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In another embodiment, a method is provided for drilling into a medium. The
drilling process is performed
according to the following steps:
- selection of the drill bit according to material and size appropriate for
the medium to be drilled;
- selection of drill bracket, either right-angled or flat, dependent on
accessibility of work;
- affixation of the angled bracket or the flat bracket to the medium;
- engagement of the drill cartridge apparatus with the bracket;
-application of rotation force thereon, at the appropriate point, to compress
internal spring forcing
drill bit against medium;
- application of rotation force thereon, at the appropriate point, to produce
intended hole; and
-drilling, at predefined distances relative to first hole, may be performed
using a plug to hold the
drill bracket in place and engaging further holes on this drill bracket as
above.
The apparatus required to perform the above steps will be better understood
with reference to the drawings
as listed in the description of drawings above.
The description of the drill cartridge apparatus will be discussed in detail
with reference to FIGS. 71 to 74.
A drill cartridge apparatus is provided as in FIG. 71 such that it comprises a
drive nut 528 to which driving
force is to be applied, a drill cartridge housing 530, a compressed air inlet
536 for cooling, a drill bit 538
engaged with lower threaded portion of drill shaft 540, a compression spring
542 to force drilling end of
apparatus against medium, and an adjustment nut 546 in order to compress said
compression spring 542
upon application of appropriate rotation force. Said drill cartridge apparatus
of FIG. 71 is further equipped
with thrust bearing 532 and bushings 534 and 544 to maintain applied forces
parallel to the axis of rotation
when such force is applied to drive nut 528 causing the drill shaft 540 and
attached drill bit 538 to engage
the medium intended to be drilled.
The drill cartridge housing 548 is provided as in FIG. 72 having a compressed
air inlet 550 and a radial
mounting flange 552 equipped with mounting hole 554. The drill cartridge
housing is shown in FIG. 73
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including the radial mounting flange 556 and mounting hole 558 where an
industry standard NPT
connector 560 is engaged with said compressed air inlet.
The drill carnidge apparatus is provided as in FIG. 74, illustrating its
components in greater detail. The
drill cartridge apparatus comprises the drive nut 562, an upper bushing 564,
an adjustment nut 566
equipped with threads to engage the threads of the drill cartridge housing
580.
A compression spring 568 is provided producing the required downward force on
the drill shaft 574 once
support collar 572 and thrust bearing 570 are made to pass over said shaft to
the point fixed by the spring
pin 576 and adjustment nut 566 is engaged with drill cartridge housing 580.
The drill shaft 574 is separately
threaded in its upper and lower regions to engage drive nut 562 and drill bit
584 respectively. The
engagement of the drill shaft 574 by the drive nut 562 allows the independent
rotation of the drill shaft 574
and hence said drill bit 584 within the housing as a downward force is
maintained on said shaft by means of
the compressed spring 568. A lower bushing 578 is provided to maintain applied
forces parallel to the axis
of rotation as in the cases of the upper bushing 564 and the thrust bearing
570. Drill bit 584 is to be selected
as to the requirements of the work.
The drill cartridge housing 580 is provided with a compressed air inlet 582
which allows attachment of an
industry standard NPT connector and associated devices thereby delivering,
through provided channel, air
cooling at the site of drilling should such cooling be required.
Implementation of the drill cartridge apparatus will be discussed with
reference to FIGS. 75 and 76. A drill
cartridge apparatus is engaged with an appropriate bracket as in FIG. 75 where
a plug 594 is used to set the
position of a drill bracket 596 with the aid of an existing hole, in the
medium 592, where possible for the
purpose of drilling at relative distance as defined by the configuration of
said bracket. The drill cartridge
apparatus 586 is engaged with said bracket by means of nut 590 and compressed
air inlet 588 remains
accessible to provide cooling, if necessary at the site of the work.
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The implementation of FIG. 75 is further illustrated in the top view of FIG.
76. The drill cartridge
apparatus 598 is engaged with the drill bracket by means of nut 600 passing
through a hole in the drill
bracket similar to that provided at hole 602. The drilling position is again
set by means of plug 604
securing the drill bracket against the face of the medium.
In another embodiment, a method is provided for the implementation of the
drill guide at the site of the
work in order to facilitate drilling into the medium. The implementation
process is performed according to
the following steps:
- choice of a drill guide with either raised or countersunk magnets,
- magnetic engagement of the drill guide with the surface of the medium at the
site of the work,
- accurate adjustment of drill guide to suit the required location of the
work,
- engagement of the drill guide with drill bit and accompanying apparatuses
required to perform
the drilling,
- performance of the action of drilling while supplying air through intake
provided to reduce heat
and to remove exhaust at the site of the work, and
- removal of the magnetic drill guide after completion of the drilling.
The apparatus required to perform the above steps will be better understood
with reference to the drawings
below as listed in the description of drawings above.
The description of the magnetic drill guide will be discussed in detail with
reference to FIGS. 77 through
83. A magnetic drill guide is provided as in FIG. 77 comprised of drill shaft
opening 610 to allow the drill
bit to pass through the body of the guide to engage the medium, a guide
platform 612 elevated from the
surface of the medium in order to clear obstructions to the work and to allow
an exhaust path for the
fragments produced by the action of drilling. Magnetic standoffs such as 614
and 616 elevate said platform
612 and affix the apparatus to a ferrous medium with force sufficient to
maintain its position under the
stress of the work. Guide housing 618 maintains the structure of the guide at
the intended angle relative to
the plane of the work face of the medium.
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A magnetic drill guide is provided as in FIG. 78 shown from the work side in
order to illustrate the
configuration of magnetic standoffs 622, 624, 626, and 628 as they are
attached to the underside of the
guide platform 620 which is equipped with drill shaft opening 630. Said
configuration allows the apparatus
to clear surface obstructions, maintains a symmetrical radial distribution,
from said drill shaft opening 630,
of said magnetic standoffs 622, 624, 626, and 628 such that the apparatus
remains mechanically balanced at
the site of the work, and provides sufficient paths for the exhaust of the
work.
A magnetic drill guide with affixed compressed air receptacle and intake path
is provided as in FIG. 79
comprised of drill shaft opening 632, guide platform 634, magnetic standoffs
such as 636, intake path 638
to provide cooling at the site of the work as well as forcing drill exhaust
away from the site of the work,
and conventional compressed air receptacle 642 configured to be attached to
compressed air facilities
commonly available to the technician.
A magnetic drill guide is provided as in FIG. 80 shown from the work side as
in FIG. 78 with the addition
of conventional compressed air receptacle 648 and further comprised of guide
platform 644, magnetic
standoffs such as 646, and drill shaft opening 650 as before.
A magnetic drill guide equipped with a compressed air receptacle and engaged
with a center line
positioning apparatus is provided as in FIG. 81 shown from the work side. Said
magnetic drill guide 658 is
accurately positioned at the site of the work with the aid of the positioning
apparatus 652. Said positioning
apparatus 652 may be mounted on the medium by means of mounting holes such as
654 utilizing existing
holes where the aperture of 656 may be used to establish the center line of
intended drilling. Due to the "V"
configuration of the working end of the positioning apparatus 652, it may be
used to engage said magnetic
drill guide 658 at any of the four corners of the guide platform 644 as
described in FIG. 80. Such
positioning allows the operator to drill along a center line which is
established and passes through
mounting hole 654 and aperture 656.
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A magnetic drill guide with countersunk magnets and mounting eyelets is
provided as in FIG. 82
comprised of drill shaft opening 660 to allow the drill bit to pass through
the body of the guide to engage
the medium, a guide platform 662 designed to abut the medium on the work side,
magnets embedded
within said platform, eyelets for mounting with screws such as 664 and 668,
exhaust path 666, and
conventional compressed air receptacle 670. Said screws may be self tapping
and mounting by said means
allows reinforcement of magnetic mounting or may be used as the sole mounting
means on a non-ferrous
medium. Guide housing 672 maintains the structure of the guide at the intended
angle relative to the plane
of the work face of the medium.
A magnetic drill guide is provided as in FIG. 83 shown from the work side and
illustrating mounting
eyelets 678 and 682. Magnets such as 676 are countersunk to allow the entire
platform to abut the work
face. An exhaust path 674 is provided with arrows indicating the intended
direction of air flow. The guide
is equipped with conventional compressed air receptacle 680 as before.
It is understood that the relative sizes of the magnetic standoffs,
countersunk magnets, the number of
magnets, the number and distribution of mounting eyelets, the angle of the
guide housing relative to the
plane of the face of the work, and the relative size of the drill shaft
opening are shown thus in FIGS. 77
through 83 in order to simply communicate the functionality of an embodiment
of the present invention and
any alteration of said parameters does not depart from the scope of this
embodiment of the present
invention.
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