Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
CA 02541687 2011-11-24
Climate, respectively Ventilation Channel
The present invention relates to a climate, respectively ventilation channel.
Such ventilation channels are normally lined internally and/or externally for
insulating
purposes, and the lining usually is composed of mineral wool. In this case,
the internal insu-
lation is normally applicable for heat and sound insulation, whilst the outer
insulation is
usually designed for fire protection.
The internal insulation of said climate, respectively ventilation channel, is
exposed in
the flowing conducting fluid, such as air, to eventually high temperature
levels and ¨ espe-
cially in the cases of flow speeds of up to 30 m/s ¨ to high forces resulting
from pulsation
and twirling. Critical points for this application of force are, on one side,
junction points,
located transversally to the flow direction between insulating elements and,
on the other
side, attachment points by means of retaining disks on the insulating
substance surface. At
the junction points, there is a trend of the flux to penetrate into the
junction area, loosening
the fiber connections at those points, i.e. features a trend to suspend a
lamination provided at
that point. At the retaining disks, there are forcibly asperities of the flux
marginal areas,
caused by compressed insulating material, which result in force being exerted,
due to depo-
sitions resulting from twirling action or similar occurrences.
As a consequence, for example in the case of the internal insulation, the
resistance of
the insulating material, i.e. of the fiber connection, forming said insulating
material, and
elements attached thereon, such as laminated sections, are of special
significance. In the
area of the retaining disks, a high resistance results in a reduction of the
so called "mattress
effect", which appears when the retaining disks deeply penetrate into the
surface of the insu-
lating material, in order to be able to transfer the required retaining
forces.
For the internal insulation of ventilation channels, mostly glass wool
material is being
utilized, which usually features fine and long fibers, and in the case of
corresponding bind-
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ing agent content, offers a relatively high rigidity and firmness. Such
products
normally feature a k-calculated value according to DIN 18165, located between
30
and 40 mW/mK, with a relatively low gross density below 25 kg/m3, whereby the
k-
calculated value in watt per Kelvin and meter is a material constant at a
defined
ambient climate (temperature and humidity). According to DIN 18165 (version of
July 1991) the thermal conductivity is determined as specified in DIN 52612
part 1
and 2, DIN 52612 part 2 is used to determine a value kz that is basis for the
determination of the k-calculated value (4) of the thermal conductivity for
the
application in construction engineering or used to determine whether the
examined
substance corresponds to the determined calculated value according to the
building
inspection regulations. According to the building inspection regulations,
),.jz is
determined by the Deutsches Institut far Bautechnik in Berlin/Germany, if not
defined in DIN 4108 part 4, kz arises from the measured value kio tr and an
added
value Z according to DIN 52 612-2, whereby the measurement of the thermal
conductivity is performed at 10 Celsius (10) medium temperature in dry
condition
(tr). As binding agent, usually melamine resin is being used in view of the
question of
combustibility (for example, building material category Al/A2), whist normally
with
mineral fiber products, for price reasons, preferably phenol-formaldehyde
resin is
being utilized.
The demands formulated in the case of the outer insulation of climate,
respectively
ventilation lines, which are of an essential nature for fire protection
purposes, especially
refer to the fact that the ventilation channel remains physically preserved
beyond a certain
time span, in case of fire. In addition, in the cases of wall passages, care
should be taken that
no quick passage of fire from one room to another room takes place, with
excessively high
temperature increase in the contiguous room.
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The fire protection demands from such systems are therefore graded in the so
called
fire resistance categories or similar units. Fire resistance category L30
means, for example,
that the line construction, under standardized test conditions, is capable of
resisting to a fire
load, i.e. exposure, during 30 minutes. According to the usage, for example
the fire resis-
tance categories L30, L60 or L90 are required.
Especially to obtain higher fire resistance categories, as insulating material
for
such conducting channels, the use of rock wool is necessary, whose point of
fusion
according to DIN 4102, Part 17, (German Standard, December 1990) is placed at
1.000 C and which, therefore, compared to glass wool, dis-
tinguishes itself by a higher temperature resistance rate. Such rock wool is
commonly pro-
duced in the so called nozzle blowing process or with external centrifugation,
such as the so
called cascade centrifuging process. In this case, relatively coarse fibers
are produced with
an average geometric diameter above 4 to 12 gm of relatively lower length. As
binding
agent, normally phenol-formaldehyde resin is being used. As a result of the
production, also
a considerable portion of non-fibrillated material is provided in the product
in the foini of so
called "beads", with a particle size of at least 50 p.m , participating of the
weight, but not of
the desired insulating effect. The normal portion of "beads" is found, in this
case, between
CA 02541687 2011-11-24
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and 30 weight %, meaning the portion of unfiberized material, therefore
coarser fiber
components.
Based on the coarser fiber structure vis-a-vis glass wool, conventional rock
wool, with
identical X-calculated values and identical insulating thickness, features a
significantly
higher gross density and,, thcrefore, also higher weight. Also the
conventional rock wool,
with identical 2\,-calculated value and identical gross density like
conventional glass wool,
offers a significantly higher insulating thickness and, therefore, an
essentially larger volume.
A characteristic feature of differentiation between glass and rock wool as
subgroups of
the species mineral wool, consists in an alkali/earth alkali relation of the
composition, which
in the case of rock wool is < 1 and in the case of glass wool > 1. This means
that rock wool
has a high portion of Ca0+Mg0, for example of 20 to 30 weight % and a
relatively low
portion of Na/0+k20, for example of approximately 5 weight %. Glass wool, on
its turn,
normally contains earth alkaline components of at least, approximately, 10
weight % and
alkali components above 15 weight %. These figures represent especially non-
characteristic
and non-biopersistent, i.e. biosoluble compositions.
Mineral fibers produced with internal centrifugation according to the
centrifuging
basket process, with a comparably high temperature resistance, are known from
documents
EP 0 551 476, from EP 0583 792, from WO 94/0446g as well as US 6,284,684.
Based on this background, the object of the invention consists in creating a
climate,
respectively ventilation channel, which is comparably built with thin walls
and/or light
weight, fulfilling in the same way the normative demands related to sound,
heat and fire
protection. Especially the insulating elements, provided for the internal
and/or external lin-
ing, should be adequate for this performance, being also sufficiently
resistant and stable,
especially in order to be in a condition to safely resist - for extended
operational periods - to
the loads, resulting from the flowing medium.
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According to one embodiment of the invention, there is provided climate,
respectively ventilating channel lined internally or externally or internally
and
externally with an inner or outer lining or an inner and outer lining composed
of at
least one insulating element, especially with a temperature resistance to
fulfill the
demands of the normative fire resistance categories in form of a plate,
reinforced with
a binding agent, or a wire mesh plate, composed of mineral fibers, soluble in
a
physiological milieu, with the inner or outer lining or both composed of
different
insulating elements, which may be disposed at least in one layer in the
direction of a
longitudinal axis of the climate, respectively ventilating channel, to which
they are
attached, wherein a composition of the mineral fibers of the insulating
element
features an alkali/earth alkali relation of < 1 and a fibrous structure of the
insulating
element is determined by an average geometric fiber diameter of < 4 m, in the
range
of 20 to 120 kg/m3 and a portion of the binding agent, referred to a fiber
mass of the
insulating element, in form of the plate, is in the range of 4 to 7 percent of
weight or
in form of the wire mesh plate in the range of 0.5 to 1 percent of weight.
According to determination by the invention, this is being attained by the
controlled
cooperation of different factors, i.e. configuration of the fibers according
to an average geo-
metric fiber diameter of < 4 gm and adjustment of the gross density of the
mineral fibers
according to fire resistance class in a range of 20 to 120 kg/m3, as well as
an addition of
binding agent for hardening of the mineral fibers, in the form of a plate of 4
%, particularly
4,5 % to 7 weight %, relative to the fiber mass of said insulating elements,
or in the form of
a wire mesh mat above 0,5 to 1 weight %. Additionally, the composition of the
mineral fi-
bers of the insulating element should feature an alkali/earth alkali mass
relation of < 1. Due
to a finely structured mineral fiber with an average geometric fiber diameter
of < 4 gm, a
fiber structure results, at which, with similar gross density as in the case
of conventional
rock wool fibers, essentially more fibers are provided in the structure and,
therefore, also a
large number of crossing points for the fiber connection. With similar
application of binding
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agent as with conventional rock wool, in view of the larger number of crossing
points and
concentration of the binding agent at these points, there will be an essential
reduction of the
portion of binding agent which does not contribute to a binding effect,
resulting in a fiber
connection, which offers a comparably more rigid configuration of a hardened
fiber connec-
tion. Also, as a result of the finer fiber structure of the insulating
elements according to the
invention, this may be configured comparably lighter, with a gross density
according to the
normative fire resistance category or similar in the range of 20 to 120 kg/m3
and, therefore,
compared to insulating elements of conventional rock wool, which usually
feature gross
densities between 45 and 180 kg/m3. In this case, with identical absolute
organic fire cargo,
i.e. binding agent application, a correspondingly large relative binding agent
portion may be
adjusted, which results in that the plate comparably will be essentially more
rigid. On the
other side, with the insulating plate according to the invention, a given
rigidity and stability
may also be attained with a comparably lower absolute binding agent
application, due to
which, again, the fire cargo applied by the usually organic binding agent,
will be corre-
spondingly reduced. Due to the reduction of the insulating weight, there will,
at the same
time, also be an advantageous reduction of the sustaining load of the channel,
which is es-
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sentially important, especially in the cases of a freely suspended channel,
since this sustain-
ing force has to be statically collected.
In the cases of special geometry of a climate, respectively ventilation
channel, it may
be advantageous to utilize for the outer lining, wire mesh mats according to
the invention,
based on their flexibility with a binding agent content of < 1 weight %. Wire
mesh mats
obtain their mechanical stability through a wire mesh, interlaced with the
fiber structure, and
therefore only a reduced content of binding agent is required, thus
considerably reducing the
overall fire load. Compared to wire mesh mats of conventional rock wool with
comparable
binding agent content, a considerable -weight economy is of decisive
importance.
On the other side, in the case of platelike insulating elements, a binding
agent applica-
tion in the range of 4,5 to 6 -weight A, particularly 4,5 to 5,5 % is
preferably foreseen, in
order to provide reinforced insulating elements, which reduce the danger of
the so called
"Mattress effect" when being used as internal linings. At the same time,
protective action is
being taken against a local fiber dissolution phenomenon, as a result of
pulsation and twirl-
ing of a rapidly flowing agent, which is expressed by an advantageous rupture
resistance.
At the same time, in view of the finely configured fiber structure, which is
formed
homogenously via the cross section of the insulating element, the essential
portion of air for
the insulating effect inside the insulating element, is being increased, which
also results in a
corresponding increase of the insulating effect in the cases of internal and
external liniiags.
Finally, in view of the finer configuration of the fibers, an advantageous )-
calculated value
results according to DIN 18165 of < 35 mW/m.K., with simultaneous lower gross
density.
This k-calculated value may be advantageously realized in the cases of the
outer lin-
ings with a fire resistance category L30 or similar, with gross densities
between 20 and 40
kg/m3, preferably 30 kg/m3, with a fire resistance category L60 or similar
with gross densi-
ties between 60 and 80 kg/m3, preferably 70 kg/m3 and a fire resistance
category L90 or
similar, with gross densitiesi?etwepn 90 and 120 kg/m2, preferably 110 kg/m'.
In the case of
inner linings, this k-calculated value may be advantageously realized at least
with a gross
density corresponding to the gross density range of fire resistance category
L30, and in or-
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der to preserve the technical sound protection demands, the insulating element
of the
invention offers a longitudinal flow resistance according to DIN EN ISO 29053
(German Standard, May 1993) of > 15 kPas/m2. As far as it is referred to
standards
and examination requirements, reference is respectively made to the current
version as
filed on the filing date.
Especially preferred is a fiber fineness defined by an average geometric fiber
diameter
of 3 um. The lower average geometric diameter, responsible for the fiber
fineness is being
determined based on the frequency distribution of the fiber diameter. The
frequency distri-
bution may be determined based on a wool test under the microscope. The
diameter of a
large number of fibers is being measure and recorded, resulting in an oblique
left-sided dis-
tribution pattern (see Figures 5, 6 and 7).
It is fmally convenient that in the event of utilization of the insulating
element of the
invention as internal lining, to provide a lamination for said element, which
is an attrition-
proof, acoustically transparent texture, such as a glass fleece, and in the
case of an outer
lining, with a diffusion-proof texture would be provided, such as an aluminum
foil. Conven-
iently, the point of fusion of the insulating element according to the
invention, is advanta-
geously of > 1.000 C according to DIN 4102, Part 17.
In order to obtain an insulating element which meets the demands of sound,
heat and
fire protection in the range of climate, i.e. ventilation channels in a
product, it will be con-
venient to utilize a glass composition, whose fusion at an internal
centrifugation step pursu-
ant to the basket centrifuging process, features a centrifuging basket
temperature of 1.100 C.
Correspondingly, the centrifuging basket must be formed in a temperature-
resistant fashion.
At the same time, a positively fine fiber structure is obtained, which,
contrary to conven-
tional rock wool, is practically exempt of beads, meaning the bead portion in
the fiber struc-
ture is < 1 A..
Advantageously, said insulating elements are formed of mineral fibers,
soluble in a physiological milieu, corresponding to the demands of the
European
Guideline, 97/69/EG (1997) and/or the demands of the German Norm
for Dangerous Substances, Section IV, No. 22 (December 2000),
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whereby absence of health dangers of the insulating elements will be insured
during their
production, processing, utilization and elimination.
Subsequently, Table 1 features a preferred composition of the mineral fibers
of insulat-
ing elements according to the invention, in ranges in weight %.
Table 1
Si02 39-55 % preferably 39-52 %
A1203 16-27% preferably 16-26%
CaO 6-20 % preferably 8-18 %
MgO 1 ¨ 5 % preferably 1-4,9 %
Na20 0 ¨ 15 % preferably 2 ¨ 12 %
1(20 0¨ 15 % preferably 2 ¨ 12 %
R20(Na20+K20) 10-14,7% preferably 10-13,5%
P205 0 ¨ 3 % especially 0 ¨ 2 %
Fe203 (iron, total) 1,5-15 % especially
3,2-8 %
B203 0 ¨2 % preferably 0¨ 1 %
TiO2 0 ¨ 2 % preferably 0,4-1 %
Other 0-2,0 %
A preferred smaller range of Si02 is 39-44 %, particularly 40-43 %. A
preferred smaller
range for CaO is 9,5-20 %, particularly 10-18 %.
The composition according to the invention relies on the combination of a high
A1203-
content, of between 16 and 27 %, preferably greater than 17 % and/or
preferably less than
25 %, for a sum of the network-forming elements ¨ Si02 and A1203 ¨ of between
57 and 75
%, preferably greater than 60 % and/or preferably less than 72 %, with a
quantity of
alkali metal (sodium and potassium) oxides (R20) that is relatively high but
limited to be-
tween 10-14,7 %, preferably 10 and 13,5 %, with magnesia in an amount of at
least 1 %.
These compositions exhibit remarkably improved behaviour at very high
temperature.
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Preferably, A1203 is present in an amount of 17-25 %, particularly 20-25 %, in
particular 21-
24,5 % and especially around 22-23 or 24 % by weight.
Advantageously, good refractoriness may be obtained by adjusting the magnesia-
content,
especially to at least 1,5 %, in particular 2 % and preferably 2-5 % and
particularly prefera-
bly % or
3 %. A high magnesia-content has a positive effect which opposes the lower-
ing of viscosity and therefore prevents the material from sintering.
In case A1203 is present in an amount of at least 22 % by weight, the amount
of magnesia is
preferably at least 1 %, advantageously around 1-4 %, preferably 1-2 % and in
particular
1,2-1,6 %. The content of A1203 is preferably limited to 25 % in order to
preserve a suffi-
ciently low liquidus temperature. When the content of A1203 is present in a
lower amount of
for example around 17-22 %, the amount of magnesia is preferably at least 2 %,
especially
around 2-5 %.
Finally, with a view to provide packing with economy of space, it will be
convenient
to configure said insulating elements in such a form that they may be
compressed, at least in
a relation of 1:2, up to a maximum gross density of 50 kg/m3, and at least in
a relation of
1:3, especially up to a maximum gross density of 30 kg/m3, without altering
their specific
profile.
Additionally, in view of the outstanding mechanical properties of said
insulating ele-
ments according to the invention, with a comparably low portion of binding
agent between
4, and particularly preferred between4,5 to 7 weight %, to produce a climate,
respectively
ventilation channel in form on a self-sustaining construction, i.e. the unit
being formed ex-
clusively of platelike insulating elements, reinforced with binding agent.
Advantageously,
said insulating elements are a whole part of a plate which may be bent around
folds, as de-
scribed in claims of EP 0 791 791, EP 1 339 649 and US 6,311,456, to which
reference is
now expressly being made.
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It is convenient, to provide at the internal and external face of the channel
formed in
this way with a diffusion-proof cover, such as an aluminum foil or similar
unit, and this
cover also contributes quite importantly to the stability of the self-
sustaining channel.
Due to the synergistically cooperating measures according to the invention,
there re-
sults, thus, a climate, resp. ventilation channel, which, featuring a reduced
thickness of the
insulating elementstand reduced weight as a consequence of reduced gross
density, features
low 2-calculated values, attending, in an advantageous fashion, the demands of
sound, heat
and fire protection in a product. As a result of reduced gross density, there
results a low
weight of the insulating element, with identical satisfactory insulating
effect. As a result of
the high degree of effectiveness of the binding agent, there also results a
high rigidity, and
as a result of the selected alkali/earth alkali mass relation of < 1, the
structure also distin-
guishes itself by a high temperature resistance. The bound fibers according to
the invention
offer a high mechanical elasticity and high temperature resistance, as
compared to glass
wool. The reduced gross density, added to the extraordinary high resistance,
results thus in
an insulating material of light weight, which is high of stable format and
there may be as-
sembled easily, i.e. exempt of fatigues factors. Especially, the insulating
element of the in-
vention features the same fire protection qualities as conventional rock wool,
so that vis-a-
vis the outstanding mechanical properties and reduced weight, also the full
fire protection
effect of conventional rock wool insulating elements are important. The
invention creates
thus a symbiosis between glass wool and rock wool and suitably combines their
advanta-
geous properties, with the insulating element being configured with fiber
structure similar to
glass wool, with identical high temperature resistance.
Subsequently the invention will be described in more detail, based on
different exam-
ples of embodiments, with reference to the drawing. The figures show:
Fig. I partial section of the ventilation channel in rectangular format with
schemati-
cally shown international insulation and external insulation,
Fig. 2 a representation of a detail marked with a circle in Fig. 1, to
exemplary ex-
plain the attachment of the lining and
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- 10 -
Fig. 3 a simplified representation, in perspective, of a self-sustaining
ventilation
channel,
Fig. 4 a diagram of a comparative essay in the context of the heat
conductivity test
at 400
Fig. 5 a typical fiber-histogram of conventional rock wool,
Fig. 6 a typical fiber histogram of conventional glass wool, and
Fig. 7 a typical fiber histogram of mineral wool according to the invention.
Fig 1 designates with number I a steel plate ventilation channel of
rectangular trans-
versal section having a longitudinal axis 15. This channel is provided with an
internal
insulating, designated, as a whole with 2, and with an outer insulation,
designated, as
whole, with 3.
Said internal insulation 2 consists of platelike mineral wool insulating
elements 4 with
a lamination 5, for example of glass fleece, at the side of the internal
insulation, turned to-
wards the flux. The lamination protects the surface fibers and renders
feasible a low-
resistance flux of the flow medium.
In the shown exemplary embodiment, mineral wool insulating elements 4 feature
a
gross density of 30 kg/m3, with a weight of organic binding element in the
form of phenol-
formaldehyde resin of 5 weight % (dry, referring to the fiber mass). ,The
average geometric
fiber diameter is 3,2 rim, and the product features a X-calculated value of 35
mW/mK,
and with a longitudinal flow resistance of 17 kPas/m2, features a thickness of
20 mm.
The fiber material of the platelike mineral wool insulating elements 4 is
produced by
internal centrifugation according to the centrifuging basket process, said
elements being
attached with retaining disks 6 at the wall of the conducting channel.
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As a consequence of the high degree of efficiency of the binding agent of the
phenol-
formaldehyde resin exerted upon the fibers, and in view of the high mechanical
elasticity of
the individual fibers, there results a mineral wool insulating element, with a
structure similar
to a glass wool insulating element, also produced with internal
centrifugation, however be-
ing considerably more resistant and rigid and which, in case of need, features
a point of fu-
sion above 1000 C. In this case, not only the lamination 5 is firmly retained
at the surface of
the insulating element 4 and there is no danger that it will be separated in
the area of trans-
versal junction 7 under the influence of pulsation and twirling of the
eventually quickly flow
agent. In addition, said retaining disks 6 generate the required retention
force, without pene-
trating too extensively into the material, so that the so called "mattress
effect", negatively
affecting a smooth flow wall, is being minimized, being principally excluded.
Figure 2 features, in a merely schematic representation, details of the
attachment of
said internal insulation 2. For this purpose, on the ventilation channel 1,
produced from steel
plate, different pins 9 are disposed (only one being shown) and are here
welded at the venti-
lation channel. It is also possible to glue the pins at the ventilation
channel. The inner insu-
lation is being pressed upon these pins and subsequently, from the upper
section, i.e. from
the inside of the ventilation channel, a retaining disk 6 is applied, which,
in the present case,
is fixed, i.e. attached over a threaded component 8, and alternately also a
beat rivet is feasi-
ble to be applied. The light indenture of said internal insulation 2 at its
internal surface is
only designed to illustrate the so called "mattress effect", which may be
preset at conven-
tional insulation, but which is widely avoided with the insulating plates
according to the
invention, as a consequence their rigid configuration.
The outer insulation 3, in the exemplary embodiment shown, is formed by a wire
mesh mat, which, in conventional fashion, is externally attached to said
ventilation channel 1
with a mat retaining hook or similar device, not shown here.
In the case of disposition in two layers of said external insulation 3, which
is pre-
scribed with the configurations corresponding to fire resistance categories
L30, L60 or L90
according to DIN 4102, Part 4, the junctions of said insulating elements are
disposed recip-
rocally offset in a form not shown in detail, so that flames, i.e. heat, may
not project at an
CA 02541687 2006-04-05
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opening junction point until the plate cylinder of the ventilation channel 1.
The wire mesh
mat features, in the exemplary embodiment, the same parameters for gross
density and aver-
age geometric fiber diameter as the internal insulation 2, and the organic
binding agent por-
tion in this case amounts only to 0,8 weight %.
Instead of a wire mesh mat for the external lining, it is also possible to
produce the lat-
ter with individual platelike insulating elements, whose fiber structure is
equivalent to the
international insulation. Such platelike insulating elements possess the same
gross density
and thickness as the wire mesh mat, descried in the exemplary presentation,
since both these
parameters considerably influence the fire resistance.
Finally, figure 3 features in a simplified, schematical perspective
representation a self-
sustaining ventilation channel 10, composed of different insulating elements
11 through 14
at their junctions over folds with rectangular transversal section. Said
insulating elements 11
through 14 consist of a glass composition according to Table 2 and are
laminated with an
aluminum foil at the inner and outer side, in such a way that said aluminum
foil is disposed
in circunferencial order at the outside.
The composition in weight 5 % of the conventional insulating elements,
produced
from convention rock wool, as well as insulating elements, formed from
convention glass
wool, and the insulating elements according to the invention, can be seen in
Table 2, and the
conventional rock wool, as well as the insulating element according to the
invention, feature
a point of fusion of at least 1000 C according to DIN 4102, Part 17.
Table 2.
Material Conventional rock Conventional
glass Insulating elements
wool wool
according to invention
SiO2 57,2 65 41,2
A1203 1,7 1,7 23,7
Fe203 4,1 0,4 5,6
TiO2 0,3 0,7
CaO 22,8 7,8 14,4
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Mg0 8,5 2,6 1,5
Na20 4,6 16,4 5,4
1(20 0,8 0,6 5,2
B203 5
P205 0,15 0,75
MnO 0,3 0,6
Sr0 0,5
BaO 0,34
Total 100 99,95 99,89
Fig. 4 features a measurement sequence of a thermal conductivity test at 400
C over
gross density in the form of a diagram. The measuring results were determined
according to
DIN 52612-1 with a so-called double-plate instrument.
It can be seen, in simple fashion, from this diagram which economy potential
is feasi-
ble by utilizing the mineral wool according to the invention, as compared to
conventional
rock wool and, based on a example, for two gross densities of 65 and 90 kg/m3.
The same
thermal conducting capacity of 116 mW/mK, which is being attained with
conventional
rock wool with a gross density of 65 kg/m', is reached with the mineral wool
of the inven-
tion according with a gross density of approximately 45 kg/m3, i.e. with a
weight economy
of approximately 31%. In analog fashion, with a gross density of 90 kg/m' of
conventional
rock wool, with the mineral wool of the invention there results a weight
economy of ap-
proximately 33%.
Finally, figures 5 and 6 indicate the conventional rock wool, mentioned in the
descrip-
tion, and conventional glass wool, in a typical fiber histogram of the
insulating elements,
and fig. 7 features a fiber histogram of the insulating elements according to
the invention.
Finally, comparable essays in regard of insulating elements for ventilation
channels
were conducted, whereby respectively one insulating element made of mineral
wool accord-
ing to invention and indicated as IM is compared to an insulating element made
of conven-
CA 02541687 2006-04-05
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tional rock wool. This applies for insulating elements in fire resistance
categories L 30 (Ta-
ble 1), L 60 (Table 2) and L 90 (Table 3).
Table 1
Material Requirement Measured Gross Thickness Surface Loss due
after value density [mm] weight burning
30min nach 30min [kg/m3] [kg/m2] [%]
Rock < 100 K < 100 K 80 60 4,8 4
wool
IM < 100 K < 100 K 34 80 2,72 4,5
Table 2
Material Requirement Measured Gross Thickness Surface Loss due
after value after density [mm] weight burning
60min 60min [kg/m3] [kg/m2] [%]
Rock <100 K < 100 K 84 100 8,4 4
wool
IM < 100 K < 100 K 67 80 5,36 4,5
Table 3
Material Requirement Measured Gross Thickness Surface Loss due
after value after density [mm] weight burning
90min 90min [kg/m3] [kg/m2] [%]
Rock < 100 K <100K 100 120 12 4
wool
IM < 100 K < 100 K 100 80 8 4,5
The requirement to be fulfilled by the essay examples is that after a firing
test on one
side of an insulating element within 30 min for L 30 respectively 60 min for L
60 respec-
CA 02541687 2006-04-05
- 15 -
tively 90 mm for L 90 no change in temperature > 100 K occurs on the other
side of the
insulating element, meaning that the requirement is fulfilled, if the change
in temperature is
< 100 K. As the table shows, all examples fulfill the requirement, whereby
this results in
significant differences in regard of the surface weight against insulating
elements made of
conventional rock wool, and in the case of table 1 and 2, the requirement is
also fulfilled for
the IM mineral wool according to invention at a significantly lower gross
density and thick-
ness.
