Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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TITLE
MONITORING SYSTEM
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to monitoring and controlling systems for
interior spaces, and, in particular, to a monitoring system that can regulate
the ambient
humidity of interior and enclosed spaces so as to protect these spaces from
damage by
the environment within these spaces.
[0002] Depending on the particular building materials used in the surrounding
walls
of interior spaces, and depending on the potential for exposure to moisture of
these
spaces, practically any enclosed space can be susceptible to damage. An area
very
susceptible to damage caused by moisture, such as mildew and termite damage is
the
basement or crawl space of a house. Therefore, the ability for homeowners
and/or
owners of commercial buildings to maintain reduced moisture levels in the
basement
can be critical to preserve the structural integrity of the house, as well as
to preserve the
~ environment within the basement of the house.
[0003] Another area that is susceptible to moisture damage is the interior
space of
boats. In particular, the engine rooms and the interior cabins of boats that
are stored at
marinas can easily become mildewed, giving the boats a musty odor and damaging
the
materials of the boats.
[0004] Appliances for removing moisture from enclosures or interior spaces are
known to prevent these areas from becoming damaged. Fox example, dehumidifiers
are
well known for use in removing moisture from the atmosphere. However, typical
dehumidifiers require that a user operate the dehumidifier at the location of
the unit
itself Further, the controller systems of dehumidifiers are such that the unit
is either
constantly running or constantly turned off. Therefore, if the user is not
diligent in
turning the unit on and off based on need, there is a risle that either energy
will be
wasted or that mildew and moisture damage will persist.
[0005] Accordingly, there exists a need for an effective and convenient system
for
use in monitoring and protecting areas that are susceptible to moisture
damage.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order
to
provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. This summary
is not an
extensive overview of the invention. It is not intended to identify key or
critical
elements of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention. Its sole
purpose is
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to present some concepts of the invention in a simplified form as a prelude to
the more
detailed description that is presented later.
[0007] According to its major aspects and briefly stated, the present
invention is a
monitoring system for use in controlling the humidity within confined spaces
and
thereby protecting these spaces from potential moisture damage. The present
invention
has industrial utility in that the interior environment of commercial
facilities may be
optimally maintained and monitored.
[0008] In a first embodiment, the monitoring system includes a sensor for
determining the humidity, moisture, and/or temperature of an area, means for
communicating the humidity, moisture, and/or temperature to a first controller
that is
interconnected with the sensor, means for warning when the humidity, moisture,
and/or
temperature within the area is above a preset, desired humidity, moisture,
and/or
temperature, and means for adjusting the humidity, moisture, and/or
temperature to
approximately equal to or below the preset, desired humidity, moisture, andlor
temperature. The sensor of the present invention can include a single sensor
within a
housing that senses one of moisture, temperature, and humidity, or,
alternatively, the
sensor can include multiple sensors within a housing for sensing a combination
of
humidity, temperature, and moisture. Further, the sensor can be either a
penetrating
sensor or a non-penetrating sensor. Although various alternative means can be
employed to adjust the humidity, moisture, and/or temperature to a desired
level, the
present invention can include a dehumidification system as the adjusting
means. The
dehumidification system can include a dehumidifier that is connected to both
the sensor
and a second controller having a sensor switch that turns the dehumidifier on
and off
based on the ambient humidity, moisture, and/or temperature of the axea in
which the
monitoring system is placed. Additionally, the monitoring system can include a
user
interface unit that is separate or remote from the dehumidifier, and that can
be used to
operate the monitoring system from remote locations. The user interface can
include a
number of inputs, as well as a service light, which indicates a need for
maintenance or
repair. The dehumidifier can also be connected to a plurality of fans. In
larger
enclosed areas, the use of multiple fans can facilitate the adjustment of
humidity,
moisture, and/or temperature. Furthermore, it is contemplated by the present
invention
that the features of the monitoring system can either be operated through
standard
electrical connections or through wireless connections.
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[0009] In a second embodiment, the second controller of the dehumidification
system can include a humidity switch and a building materials indictor switch,
such as a
wood moisture indicator switch. The building materials moisture switch works
in
combination with the humidity switch so that the dehumidifier is turned on or
off either
by the building materials moisture switch or the humidity switch depending on
building
materials moisture and ambient humidity. The building materials moisture and
ambient
humidity can be transmitted to the second controller by the sensor of the
monitoring
system either through electrical, radio frequency, or wireless transmission.
[0010] In a third embodiment, the adjusting means of the monitoring system
includes a combination system having a ventilation portion and a
dehumidification
portion. The ventilation portion of the combination system is described in
detail in IJ S.
Patent Nos. 4,208,010 and 4,328,927. The only modification to this ventilation
portion
is that the louvers of the ventilator structure operate so that the louvers
are open during
cold weather and the louvers are closed during warm weather. The
dehumidification
portion can include similar features to those described in the alternative
embodiments.
[001.1 ] A feature of the present invention is the use of a monitoring system
including
means for adjusting humidity, moisture, and/or temperature that includes a
dehumidification system in interior or enclosed spaces such as the crawl space
of a
house and the engine room of a boat. Not only will the use of a dehumidifier
in these
areas reduce and prevent the musty odor caused by potential mildew, but also
the
materials used to construct houses and boats can be better preserved. Further,
lceeping
these areas dry prevents the growth of pests that can be damaging to the area,
such as
termites.
[0012] Another feature of the present invention is the use of a monitoring
system
including means for adjusting humidity, moisture, and/or temperature that
includes a
user interface unit in combination with a dehumidifier. Typically,
dehumidifiers must
be operated at the location of the unit itself. Because areas such as the
basement or
crawl space of a house tend to be small and unfinished, placing a unit in
these areas can
be unpleasant and burdensome on the user of the unit who is forced to
constantly enter
the basement to operate the unit. A user interface can avoid the need for
entering these
areas, so that a user can operate the dehumidifier in comfortable and
convenient
locations within the house.
[0013] Yet another feature of the present invention is the use of a monitoring
system
including means for adjusting humidity,.~moisture, andlor temperature that
includes a
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dehumidifier in combination with a plurality of fans. Dehumidifiers tend to
include fans
within the unit so that moist air is circulated into the unit and dry air is
circulated out of
the unit. However, if the enclosed area to be dehumidified is relatively
large, the
dehumidifier may take a long time to dry the air. Through the use of a
plurality of fans
positioned in various locations around the dehumidifier, the moist air can be
more
effectively dried. Further, the fans contribute to the improvement of the
environment of
the interior space by circulating dried and fresh air.
[0014] Still another feature of the present invention is the use of a
monitoring
system including means for adjusting humidity, moisture, andlor temperature
that
includes a second controller that is connected to a sensor and a sensor
switch, wherein
the adjusting means is activated or deactivated based on a preset, desired
humidity,
moisture, and/or temperature level. For example, if the ambient humidity is
higher than
the desired humidity, the adjusting means will be activated, and if the
ambient humidity
is below the desired humidity, the adjusting means will be deactivated. The
sensor
switch allows the monitoring system to remain energy and cost efficient.
[0015] The use of a monitoring system including a dehumidification system
having
a second controller having both a humidity switch and a wood moisture
indicator switch
is yet another feature of the present invention. By using a combination of
switches, the
dehumidification system can effectively eliminate and prevent moisture damage
of the
interior spaces. If the moisture contact is too high in the wood of the
interior space, the
dehumidifier is started. However, if only the moisture content of the air is
too high,
rather than the wood, then the dehumidifier is still turned on.
[0016] Yet another feature of the present invention is the use of a monitoring
system
including a dehumidification system having a user interface including a
service alarm.
The service alarm alerts the user that the dehumidification system is in need
of either
maintenance or repair. Therefore, the lifespan of the dehumidifier can be
prolonged,
and its function enhanced.
[0017] Still another feature of the present invention is the use of a
monitoring
system that negates the need to seal those interior spaces that are to be
monitored for
potential damage due to moisture. It is lcnown that spaces, such as the
basements and
crawl spaces of houses, can contain levels of harmful gases, such as radon. If
these
spaced are completely enclosed for the sake of keeping out moisture, such
gases can
build up and create dangerous, harmful environments to the inhabitants of the
house.
The present system contributes to the circulation of fresh air throughout the
space.
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[0018] Yet another feature of the present invention is the use a monitoring
system
including means for warning when the humidity, moisture, and/or temperature
within
the area is the preset, desired humidity, moisture, and/or temperature in
combination
with means for adjusting the humidity, moisture, and/or temperature to
approximately
equal to or below the preset, desired humidity, temperature and moisture. This
feature
enables the constant monitoring of an area that is susceptible to moisture
damage so as
to prevent such damage. Similar to a burglar alarm system, the present
invention can
monitor an area from a remote location and either activate a means for
adjusting the area
in danger of the damage, or, alternatively, communicate the danger to a repair
person
who is dispatched to the area for attention to such area.
[0019] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent
to
those skilled in the art from a careful reading of the Detailed Description of
the
Preferred Embodiments presented below and accompanied by the drawings
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] In the drawings,
[0021] FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a monitoring system according to an
embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side view of a house containing an
adjusting
means of a monitoring system according to an alternative embodiment of the
present
invention;
[0023] FIG. 3 is a top view of the crawl space of a house containing a
monitoring
system including an adjusting means according to an alternative embodiment of
the
present invention;
[0024] FIG. 4 is a front view of a user interface unit of an adjusting means
of a
monitoring system according to an alternative embodiment of the present
invention;
[0025] FIG. 5 is schematic view of the component parts of an adjusting means
of a
monitoring system according to an alternative embodiment of the present
invention;
[0026] FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional side view of a boat containing an adjusting
means
of a monitoring system according to an alternative embodiment of the present
invention;
[0027] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an RV containing an adjusting means of
a
monitoring system according to an alternative embodiment of the present
invention;
[0028] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional side view of a house containing an
adjusting
means of a monitoring system according to an alternative embodiment of the
present
invention;
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[0029] FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of a ventilator portion of an
adjusting
means of a monitoring system according to an alternative embodiment of the
present
invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0030] The present invention includes a monitoring system 1 having a sensor
for
determining the humidity, moisture, and/or temperature of an area, means for
communicating the humidity, moisture, and/or temperature to a first controller
that is
interconnected with the sensor, means for warning when the humidity, moisture,
and/or
temperature within the area is above a preset, desired humidity, moisture,
and/or
temperature, and means for adjusting the humidity, moisture, and/or
temperature to
approximately equal to or below the preset, desired humidity, moisture, and/or
temperature. The sensor of the present invention can include a 'single sensor
within a
housing that senses one of moisture, temperature, and humidity, or,
alternatively, the
sensor can include multiple sensors within a housing for sensing a combination
of
humidity, temperature, and moisture. Further, the sensor can be either a
penetrating
sensor or a non-penetrating sensor. As discussed, a feature of the present
invention
includes the use a monitoring system including means for warning when the
humidity,
moisture, and/or temperature within the area is the preset, desired humidity,
moisture,
and/or temperature in combination with means for adjusting the humidity,
moisture,
and/or temperature to approximately equal to or below the preset, desired
humidity,
temperature and moisture. This feature enables the constant monitoring of an
area that
is susceptible to moisture damage so as to prevent such damage. Similar to a
burglar
alarm system, the present invention can monitor an area from a remote location
and
either activate a means for adjusting the area in danger of the damage, or,
alternatively,
communicate the danger to a repair person who is dispatched to the area for
attention to
such area.
[0031] An example of an embodiment of the monitoring system 1 according to the
present invention is illustrated in FIG. 1. As shown, the monitoring system
includes a
sensor 3. The sensor 3 can detect the humidity, moisture, or temperature of
the
environment in which it is placed. Additionally, the sensor 3 can detect a
combination
of hiunidity, moisture, and temperature
[0032] Once humidity, temperature, and/or moisture is determined by the sensor
3,
this information is transmitted to a first controller 7 by means for
communicating 5.
The information can be transmitted in a number of ways, including
electronically, by
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radio frequency tnrougn transmitters and receivers, and by wireless
communication.
Upon receiving the humidity, temperature, and/or moisture information the
first
controller 7 processes the information, and can display it for monitoring,
such as on a
computer screen 9. The first controller 7 is programmed with a preset, desired
humidity, temperature, and moisture, so that when information is received by
the first
controller 7 that indicates the temperature, humidity, and/or moisture is
above the preset,
desired amount, the first controller 7 activates means for warning 11. In an
embodiment, the first controller 7 can include a solid state relay. Next the
warning
means 11 communicates a need for an adjustment to the humidity, temperature,
and/or
moisture to means for adjusting 13. Depending on whether the particular
interior space
being monitored includes capability for an automated adjusting means 13, the
moisture,
temperature, and/or humidity can be automatically adjusted to an amount
approximately
equal to or below the preset, desired humidity, temperature, and/or moisture.
Alternatively, the warning means 11 can communicate the need for adjustment to
a
repair person who will be dispatched to the area in need of the adjustment.
[0033] In an alternative embodiment, the adjusting means 13 includes a
dehumidification system 10. The dehumidification system 10 can function
separately
from the monitoring system 1; however, if the activation of the
dehumidification system
10 is somehow interrupted, the monitoring system 1 can be employed to assure
the
moisture, temperature, and/or humidity of an area is being optimized. As
illustrated in
FIGS. 2 and 3, the dehumidification system 10 includes a dehumidifier 12 that
can be
connected to a plurality of fans 14 and a user interface unit 16. The
dehumidification
system 10 can be operated by a second controller 20 that can be included
either within
the vicinity dehumidifier 12 or the user interface unit 16. The warning means
11 of the
monitoring system 1 can be connected to the second controller 20 so as to
activate the
dehumidification system 10 when there is a need to adjust the humidity,
temperature,
and/or moisture in the particular space being monitored. The connection
between the
warning means 11 and the second controller 20 can be electronic, through radio
frequency, or through wireless connection.
[0034] Although the dehumidification system 10 is shown to be located within a
crawl space 22 or basement of a house 24, it is contemplated by the present
invention
that the dehumidification system 10 can be used within any area of the house
24, as well
as other enclosed areas, such as storage sheds, RVs, and boats.
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[0035] A feature of the present invention is the use of a dehumidification
system 10
including the user interface 16, which can be used to operate the
dehumidification
system from remote locations. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the user interface 16
can be
located within the main portion of the house 24 and be electrically wired, or
have a
wireless connection, to the dehumidifier 12 that is in the crawl space 22 of
the house 24.
Preferably, the user interface unit 16 includes a power input 3 for manually
turning the
system 10 on or off and a means for selecting a desired humidity 32 by which a
user can
incrementally adjust up and down the desired humidity of the area in which the
dehumidifier 12 is located. The user interface unit 16 further includes a
display 34
showing the current temperature 33 and relative humidity 37 of the area
containing the
dehumidifier, as well as the desired relative humidity 39, that has been set
by the user.
Finally, the user interface 16 can include a service light 35 that indicates
when the
system ZO needs maintenance or repair.
[0036] As shown, all the components of the dehumidification system 10 can be
electrically wired and can obtain power by plugging the dehumidifier into a
GFI (ground
fault interrupter) outlet. Alternatively, the dehumidification system 10 can
be operated
by remote control, wherein a transmitting device capable of transmitting
signals, such as
radio or microwave, communicates with a receiver so as to turn the
dehumidifier 12 on
or off. Therefore, the system 10 can be completely automated through these
connections.
[0037] The dehumidifier 12 can include any conventional arrangement. A typical
dehumidifier removes moisture from the air by condensing the moisture from the
air on
its cooled evaporator coils. In the present invention, the condensed moisture
can be
collected in a retainer beneath the dehumidifier 12, and as shown in FIGS. 2
and 3, the
condensation can drain into a pipe 40 that is routed to the exterior of the
interior or
enclosed space. Although a variety of dimensions are suitable for the
dehumidifier 12
depending on the particular location needing to be dehumidified, the
dehumidifier 12 is
preferably less then 2 inches if the dehumidifier 12 is to go into the
basement or crawl
space of a house. Further, the dehumidifier 12 can be permanently installed
next the
wall of an interior space needing to be dehumidified.
[0038] A particular feature of the present invention is the use of an
adjusting means
13 including the dehumidifier 12 in combination with the plurality of fans 14
that are
advantageously positioned around the area needing to be dehumidified. Through
the
use of plural fans positioned in various locations around the dehumidifier 12,
the moist
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air can be more effectively dried. Further, the fans contribute to the
improvement of
the environment of the interior space by circulating dried and fresh air.
Preferably, the
fans will pull less than or approximately 2 Amps of energy. However, more
powerful
fans are contemplated by the present invention.
[0039] A , schematic view of how the. various components of the,
dehumidification
system 10 operate is shown in FIG. 5. As illustrated, the user interface unit
16
includes an input section 42, including the power input 30 and the selecting
means 32, in
which a user can program the desired humidity by increasing or decreasing the
humidity
displayed on display 34. The user changes the desired humidity using a stepper
motor
44 that allows the desired humidity to be changed in increments by sending
signals to a
desired humidity indicator 46.
[0040] The programmed or pre-selected desired humidity is compared with the
relative ambient humidity, which is measured by a humidity sensor 50. The
humidity
sensor 50 can use any instrument for measuring atmospheric humidity, such as a
hygrometer, and a thermometer 52, because relative humidity is temperature
sensitive.
The humidity sensor 50 measures the actual humidity of the area in which the
dehumidifier 12 has been placed. The relative humidity is also displayed on
the user
interface unit 16. In operation, the desixed humidity and the actual humidity
are
compared by a first comparator 56. If the relative humidity is greater than
desired
humidity, then the dehumidifier 12 and the plurality of fans 14 are turned on,
and if the
relative humidity is less than the desired humidity 12, then the dehumidifier
12 and the
plurality of fans 14 are turned off. Because the dehumidification system 10.
is
completely automated, a user need simply program a desired humidity and the
system
will thereafter operate itself to maintain this desired humidity. In an
alternative
embodiment, each fan of the plurality of fans 14 can include a relative
humidity sensor
and a desired humidity indicator so that the fans can turn on independently of
the system
10 and prevent the entire system 10 failing in the case one of the fans
malfunctions.
[0041 ] As previously discussed,. the dehumidification system 10 can also
include a
building material moisture sensor 60 that is used in combination with a
humidity sensor
50. For example, the building material moisture sensor 60 can detect moisture
in
materials such as wood and plastic. Although the system 10 need only contain
one of
these indicators, the use of a combination of indicators contributes to the
prevention of
moisture damage of the interior spaces containing the system 10. If the
moisture content
is too high in the building material of the interior space, dehumidifier 12 is
started.
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However, if only the moisture content of the air is too high, rather than the
building
material, then the dehumidifier 12 will still be turned on. As with the
humidity sensor
50, the actual building material moisture measured by the building material
moisture
sensor 60 is compared by a second comparator 64 to a pre-selected desired
building
material moisture, which is selected by a means for selecting a desired
building material
moisture 62 that allows the desired building materials moisture to be changed
in
increments by sending signals to a desired building materials indicator 71,
and
depending on whether the actual building material moisture is higher or lower
than the
desired building material moisture, the dehumidifier 12 and the plurality of
fans 14 are
turned on or off. If the building material moisture sensor 60 and the humidity
sensor 50
are used in combination, the system 10 preferably includes an "or" gate 70,
wherein the
information of the first comparator 56 and the information of the second
comparator 64
is sampled by a clock 72 so that the dehumidifier 12 and the plurality of fans
14 will be
turned on if either the humidity or the building material moisture requires
it.
[0042] The second controller 20 of the dehumidification system 10 can contain
the
sensor and indicator components, as illustrated in FIG. 5. However, it is also
contemplated that the sensor and indicator components are removed from the
controller
so that the controller need not remain in the vicinity of the dehumidifier 12.
[0043] The clock 72 of the dehumidification system 10, in addition to driving
the
20 repetition of comparisons of humidity at short intervals, also indicates on
the display 34
through the service light 35 a need for a maintenance or check up of the
system 10 based
on preset maintenance intervals. Further; the service light 35 can also
indicate that the
system 10 is somehow malfunctioning and needs to be repaired. The service
light 35 is
advantageous because it serves a warning to the user of the system 10.
Therefore, the
lifespan of the dehumidification system 10 can be prolonged, and its fiulction
enhanced.
[0044] As further illustrated in FIG. 5, the dehumidification system 10 can be
connected to the monitoring system 1 through the warning means 11.
Accordingly, the
monitoring system can function similar to a burglar alarm system. If the
dehumidification system 10 is not activated due to a malfunctioning of any
feature of
the dehumidification system 10, the warning means 11 can function to activate
the
system. Further, it is contemplated that each component of the
dehumidification system
10 could be monitored by the monitoring system 1 so that if any one component
or a
combination of components malfunctioned, the warning means 11 could transmit
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malfunction back to the first controller so as to initiate repair of the
dehumidification
system 10.
[0045] Figure 6 represents the dehumidification system 10 of the present
invention
in use in a boat 80. In particular, the dehumidification system can be used in
the
staterooms or the engine room of the boat 80. Another area to benefit from the
use of
the system 10 is in an RV 90, as illustrated in FIG. 7. Both of these vehicles
include
many enclosed areas that may be susceptible to moisture damage. Although the
system
in FIGS. 6 and 7 is shown to include the plurality of fans 14, it is
contemplated that
the system 10 would not be required in these areas, or other small areas.
10 [0046] Another feature of the present invention is the use of a
dehumidification
system 10 in interior or enclosed spaces. Accordingly, any area that tends to
become
musty and mildewed is suitable for the dehumidification system 10. Not only
will the
use of a dehumidification system 10 in these areas reduce and prevent the
musty odor
caused by potential mildew, but also the materials used in these areas can be
better
preserved.
[0047] In an alternative embodiment, the adjusting means 13 a combination
system
including a ventilation system and a dehumidification system including a
dehumidifier
that can be connected to a plurality of fans. The ventilation system portion
of the
combination system is described in detail in U S. Patent Nos. 4,208,010 and
4,328,927.
The only modification to this ventilation system is that the louvers of the
ventilator
structure operate so that the louvers are open during cold weather and the
louvers are
closed during warm weather. Specifically, if the temperature is greater than
approximately 6 °F, the louvers will close. FIG. 8 illustrates the
combination system.
In particular, the dehumidification system 10' for use in interior or enclosed
spaces is
shown in combination with a ventilation system, represented by the term "VENT"
100.
As illustrated in FIG. 8, the dehumidification system 10' portion of the
combination
system includes a dehumidifier 12' that is connected to a plurality of fans
14' and a user
interface unit 16'. The system 10' is operated by a controller 20' that can be
included
either within the vicinity dehumidifier 12' or the user interface unit 16'.
Although the
dehumidification system 10' is shown to be located within a crawl space 22' or
basement of a house 24', it is contemplated by the present invention that the
dehumidification system 10' can be used within any area of the house 24', as
well as
other enclosed areas, such as storage sheds, RVs, and boats. FIG. 9
illustrates the
ventilation system portion of the combination system in detail. As
illustrated, the
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ventilation system 100 includes a housing 110 and multiple louvers 112 that
operate in
conjunction with the dehumidification system 10'.
[0048] Finally, there are many alternative embodiments and modifications of
the
present invention that are intended to be included within the spirit and scope
of the
following claims.
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