Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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ELECTRIC POWER GENERATING FACILITY OPERATION REMOTE
SUPPORTING METHOD AND ELECTRIC POWER GENERATING FACILITY
OPERATION REMOTE SUPPORTING SYSTEM
This is a division of Canadian Patent Application
Serial No. 2,403,312, which was filed on September 13, 2002.
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an electric power
facility operation remote supporting method and an electric
power facility operation remote supporting system.
A conventional method of supporting operation of a
facility is related to technology in which a level of
abnormality in an electric power generating facility to be
supported is judged, and then delivery of operation
supporting information or a direct restoring corrective
action is made based on the judged level.
However, both of the conventional technologies
described above do not take any concrete items of
monitoring information nor any diagnostic logic and control
changing means necessary for applying the
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technology to an electric power facility into
consideration.
In order to remotely monitor and diagnose an
electric power generating facility, it is necessary to
grasp a sign of phenomenon causing an abnormality.
Further, it is also necessary to prevent unscheduled
stopping of the facility operation which will be caused
when the sign of the abnormal phenomenon is left as it is.
In addition the above, when the unscheduled stopping of
the facility operation is made, the outage time should be
shortened by performing the diagnosis in a short time and
producing the permanent corrective action plan in a short
time.
In regard to a monitoring and diagnosing system and
a method of operating the system which are suitable for
performing services to support operation of a plurality
of electric power supply facilities, a technology is
required. The technology is effective particularly to an
electric power supply system composed of a group of
electric power generating facilities connected to an
electric power system and a group of distributed electric
source facilities such as an independent electric power
generating facility, an IPP, a fuel cell and so on.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide an
electric power facility operation remote supporting
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method and an electric power facility operation remote
supporting system which can offer optimized operating
support in a short time when an abnormality or a sign of
abnormality occurs in the electric power generating
facility.
Certain exemplary embodiments can provide an electric
power facility operation remote supporting method for
remotely supporting operation of an electric power
generating facility by monitoring and diagnosing operating
states of electric power generating facilities installed at
a plurality of distributed places from a place different
from the places of said facilities, wherein information such
as operating states and time-varying characteristics of
components of a concerned electric power generating facility
is transmitted to a monitoring person side under a condition
pre-contracted with a manager of said concerned electric
power generating facility, and information on an abnormality
corrective action is offered to the manager of said
concerned electric power generating facility by making an
accounting contract corresponding to a degree of technical
difficulty in regard to the abnormality corrective action
corresponding to contents of the contract with the manager
of said concerned electric power generating facility when it
is judged that a sign of abnormality or an abnormality
occurs in the facility based on the transmitted information.
Certain exemplary embodiments can provide an electric
power facility operation remote supporting system for
remotely supporting operation of an electric power
generating facility by monitoring and diagnosing operating
states of electric power generating facilities installed at
a plurality of distributed places from a place different
from the places of said facilities, which comprises: means
for transmitting information on operating states and time-
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varying characteristics of components from said electric
power generating facilities or information directly sent
from operators of said supported electric power generating
facilities to said system; means for processing and
diagnosing the information obtained by said means for
transmitting information; and means for starting a prepared
abnormality corrective-action task corresponding to a degree
of abnormality when it is judged that a sign of abnormality
occurs in the facility based on the information from said
means for transmitting information, and for transmitting
generated information to a section in charge of operation of
said electric power generating facility.
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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the construction
of an embodiment of an electric power facility operation
remote supporting method in accordance with the present
invention.
FIG. 2 is a chart showing the algorism of an
embodiment of an abnormality monitoring / diagnosing
function to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 3 is a chart showing the algorism of an
embodiment of an abnormality corrective action task to
which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 4 is a view showing an embodiment of a
combustion monitoring image plane to which the present
invention is applied.
FIG. 5 is a matrix showing the algorism of an
embodiment of a slight trouble judging unit to which the
present invention is applied.
FIG. 6 is a matrix showing an embodiment of an
algorism of modifying control set values, diagnosing and
automatic starting to which the present invention is
applied.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the algorism of an
embodiment of a control set value tuning supporting
function and a restoring supporting function to which the
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present invention is applied.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
An embodiment of an electric power facility
5 operation remote. supporting in accordance with the
present invention comprises a means for transmitting
information on operating states and time-varying
characteristics of components from the electric power
generating facilities installed at a plurality of
distributed places or information directly transmitted
from an operator of the supported electric power
generating facility to the system; a means for processing
and diagnosing the information obtained by the means for
transmitting information; a means for stepwise weighting
a degree of an abnormality when it is judged from the
information obtained by the means for processing and
diagnosing the information that the abnormality occurs in
the facility; a means for automatically or according to
construction of an operator of the present system
diagnosing abnormality corrective-action information
prepared for each of the weights (for example, locating
occurrence of an abnormality or a sign of abnormality,
estimating of a damaged portion and a status, verifying
the adequacy of control set values, necessary parts at
restoring and a stock status of the necessary parts, and
so on); and a means for transmitting the obtained
information to a section in charge of operation and to a
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section in charge of supporting operation of the electric
power generating facility.
Further, the embodiment of an electric power
facility operation remote supporting system in accordance
with the present invention comprises a means for
selecting a plurality of candidates of causes in
descending order of probability among a knowledge group
consisting of pre-accumulated failure causes in the
electric power generating facility requiring corrective
action and the contents of progressing or consequent
phenomena when the present abnormal state is continued,
and for offering information on the selected items; a
plurality of anti-infiltration and interference-
countermeasure means in a communication line between the
electric power facility operation remote supporting
system and the electric power generating facility
requiring corrective action; and a means for enciphering
all the signals in the communication line.
(Embodiment)
An embodiment of the present invention will be
described below, referring an example of a gas turbine
electric power generating facility. FIG. 1 is a block
diagram showing the construction of an embodiment of a
gas turbine electric power facility operation remote
supporting system to which the present invention is
applied.
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A gas turbine electric power generating facility 1
comprises an operation control unit 2 for controlling
operation of the gas turbine electric power generating
facility; and measuring sensors (a gas turbine inlet air
property sensor 11, a combustion air property sensor 12,
a fuel property sensor 13, a fuel valve operation sensor
14, an exhaust gas property sensor 15 and an electric
power generating state sensor 16) for measuring various
kinds of process values in the gas turbine.
A data compiling and communication unit 3 for
compiling data and sending data; a data accumulating unit
4 for storing and accumulating necessary data in a memory
medium, the data accumulating unit 4 being contained in
the data compiling and communication unit 3; and a
communication security unit 5 are arranged in the
electric power generating facility side from a public
communication line 6 of a data communication means.
Information of the operating control unit 2 and the
measuring sensors is transmitted to the data compiling
and communication unit 3, and then transmitted from the
data compiling and communication unit 3 to a monitoring
and diagnosing side via the communication security unit 5
through the public communication line 6.
A communication security unit 7; a data receiving
unit 8 for receiving data; and a data accumulating unit 9
for storing and accumulating necessary data in a memory
medium, the data accumulating unit 9 being contained in
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the data receiving unit 8 are arranged in the monitoring
and diagnosing side (monitor side) from the public
communication line 6 of the data communication means. The
above-described information of the operating control unit
2 and the measuring sensors is transmitted to the
monitoring and diagnosing side through the public
communication line 6 is transmitted to the data receiving
unit 8 through the communication security unit 7, and
then input to an operating state monitoring and
diagnosing function 10 from the data receiving unit 8.
Here, an example of the contents of the
communication information will be described. The
information of the operation control unit 2 means, for
example, a control operating terminal signal, an electric
power generation output demand signal, a protective
operation signal and so on. The sensor information means
a gas turbine inlet air property sensor 11, a combustion
air property sensor 12, a fuel property sensor 13, a fuel
valve operation sensor 14, an exhaust gas property sensor
15 and an electric power generating state sensor 16.
The communication information between the
communication security unit 5 arranged in the outlet side
of the public communication line 6 and the communication
security unit 7 arranged in the inlet side of the public
communication line 6 is enciphered. Further, the
communication security unit 5 and the communication
security unit 7 have an access right authorization
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function to the system communication line.
The contents of the monitoring and diagnosing
function 10 of the present system will be described below,
referring to FIG. 2. FIG. 2 shows the algorism of an
embodiment of an abnormality monitoring and diagnosing
function to which the present invention is applied. As
information from the data receiving unit 8 in FIG. 1 is
transmitted to the monitoring and diagnosing function 10,
the information is displayed on a process value trend
monitoring image plane (page) 17 in the monitoring and
diagnosing function 10, and accordingly the time-varying
dynamic characteristics of the gas turbine electric power
generating facility are monitored. The process value
trend monitoring image plane 17 may be displayed as a
part of a combustion monitoring image plane (page) 18 at
the same time. The information displayed on the
combustion monitoring image plane 18 and the information
from the data receiving unit 8 are processed by signal
processing in an abnormality detection function 19 to
calculate a deviation from the normal operating state of
the supported facility 1 or a dynamic trend of each
proves value. When the deviation or the dynamic trend of
each proves value exceeds a preset threshold value, it is
judged that an abnormality or a sign of abnormality
occurs, and then a level of the abnormality is judged by
the following method.
When a serious trouble judging unit 20 judges based
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on the input value of the above-described process value
trend monitoring image plane 17 that the operation of the
electric power generating facility needs to be stopped
immediately because a serious damage will occur in the
5 hardware itself if the operating state of the electric
power generating facility 1 is left as it is, the serious
trouble judging unit 20 output a trigger signal to an
abnormality corrective action task 21 using the output
signal of the abnormality detection function 19 as a
10 trigger. When the serious trouble judging unit 20 judges
that no serious damage will occur, the judgment is
shifted to a first slight trouble judging unit 22.
The first slight trouble judging unit 22 executes
the following information processing. An seriousness
level evaluation function 23 evaluates the possibility of
occurrence of damage in the components depending on time
lengths of leaving the abnormality using the information
from the first slight trouble judging unit 22, and the
evaluated information is transmitted to a restoring
capability evaluation judging unit 25. Similarly,
information judged to be "slight trouble level 2" in a
second trouble judging unit 24 is transmitted to the
restoring capability evaluation judging unit 25. The
restoring capability evaluation judging unit 25 judges
whether or not restoration of the state can be performed
by tuning the control set value. If possible, the
information of the restoring capability evaluation
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judging unit 25 is transmitted to a control set value
tuning supporting function 26 to tune control operating
variables. If impossible, the information of the
restoring capability evaluation judging unit 25 is
transmitted to a sending information arranging function
27.
On the other hand, information from the control set
value tuning supporting function 26 is transmitted to a
recommended updated set value sending function 28. The
recommended updated set value sending function 28 and the
sending information arranging function 27 transmit
information on the result of diagnosis, a recommended
operating method, an influence when the trouble is left
as it is, and so on is transmitted to a client
presentation function 29 to offer the information on the
cause of occurrence of the abnormality, the operation
supporting information etc to the operation managing
person. As described above, abnormality corrective
actions corresponding to a plurality of abnormalities or
signs of abnormality are set. That is, these functions
correspond to a database storing the abnormality
corrective action data corresponding to the plurality of
abnormalities or signs of abnormality in regard to the
electric power generating facility.
The contents of the abnormality corrective action
task 21 will be described below, referring to FIG. 3. FIG.
3 shows the algorithm of an embodiment of an abnormality
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corrective action task to which the present invention is
applied.
A diagnosing and restoring task 30 is started by a
trigger signal from the serious trouble judging unit 20
in FIG. 2, and transmits a trigger signal and the above-
described information from the data receiving unit 8 to a
facility restoring task 31, a malfunction reproducing
task 32 and a permanent corrective action task 33.
In the facility restoring task 31, information 37 on
an estimated deteriorated / damaged state and a scheduled
inspection of a specified portion, which are obtained
based on the obtained information and information on pre-
performed analysis of high temperature members easily
deteriorated or damaged and information on scheduled
inspection, is sent from an information sending function
34 to a dismantled inspection and replacement procedure
sending function 38. Information on inspection methods
and replacing procedures for plural portions is set in
advance in the dismantled inspection and replacement
procedure sending function 38, and after selecting
information 39 on members necessary for the replacement,
information on part selection / number of stored parts is
sent to a site restoring worker 47 through a spare part
database 40. At the same time, the information 41 on the
inspection method and the replacing procedure is also
sent to the site restoring worker 47.
In the malfunction reproducing task 32, information
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42 on an abnormality or a sign of abnormality occurring
at a position other than the position of each of the
process value measuring sensors 11 to 16 shown in FIG. 1
is produced based on the obtained information using an
estimated cause shooting function 35 including a static
characteristic and dynamic characteristic evaluation
simulator which is pre-tuned so that the characteristics
of the supported facility can be simulated, and then the
produced information 42 is presented, for example, to a
corrective action meeting 44.
In the permanent corrective action task 33,
information 43 necessary for the corrective action
meeting, for example, a comparative graph of normal
process data and abnormal process data, a graph of mass
ratio of fuel to air and so on, is produced using a past
/ abnormal data comparative graph automatic producing
function 36 for comparing past and abnormal case data in
the supported facility 1 and other gas turbine facilities
of the same type as the supported facility 1, and then
the produced information 43 is presented to the
corrective action meeting 44.
A course of the action or knowledge obtained by the
corrective action meeting 44 is offered to a section 45
in charge of corrective part testing, and the parts are
shipped to the supported facility 1 if the course of the
action or the knowledge is very effective. At the same
time, information 46 for presenting the client of the
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site, for example, explanation of the cause, explanation
of recommended emergency / permanent corrective actions
and back data used for the judgment are sent to the site
restoring worker 47.
As described above, a service mode can be set
depending on the kinds of tasks. In other words, these
functions correspond to the databases storing service
modes corresponding to the abnormality corrective action
data.
A basic specification of the combustion monitoring
image plane (page) 18 will be described below, referring
to FIG. 4. FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a combustion
monitoring image plane to which the present invention is
applied. Here, description will be made on an example
case where the present invention is applied to a
combustor of low nitrogen oxide generation using a
combustor of pre-mixing combustion type.
On the combustion monitoring image plane 18, at
least the following monitoring information and starting
triggers such as diagnosing functions are displayed.
In a plant operating state display 48, information
on an electric power generating command value, an
electric power generating output of the gas turbine
electric power generating facility 1, a fuel command
value and a combustion state is displayed. Here, a MWD
value (MW), a shaft load value (MW), a fuel command value
(FFD) and combustion mode can be displayed.
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In an exhaust gas temperature and combustor inner
pressure distribution display 49, a supported electric
power generating facility nam3e (a plant name), gas
turbine numbers when a plurality of gas turbines are
5 installed and a type of the facility can be displayed.
Further, a pressure distribution among a plurality of
concentrically arranged combustors (for example, #1 to
#10) and a temperature distribution among the plurality
of exhaust gas property sensors 15 arranged in the
10 exhaust portion in FIG. 1 can be displayed. The
information of the temperature distribution is displayed
corresponding to a whirling angle of the combustion gas
corresponding to the load of the gas turbine electric
power generating facility 1.
15 In an event information display portion 50, an item
of occurrence of an abnormality or a sign of abnormality
can be displayed. In this embodiment, the indication
"temperature of a high temperature member is increasing"
is displayed. Further, the trigger buttons (a cause
analysis button and a corrective action button) for the
first slight trouble judging unit 22 and the abnormality
corrective action task 21 of diagnosing and restoring
task used in a case of occurrence of an abnormality are
displayed. The trigger signals can be transmitted to the
first slight trouble judging unit 22 and the abnormality
corrective action task 21 by providing the trigger
buttons.
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In a display menu 51, time axis setting buttons of
trend pages expressed in the right hand side column of
the combustion monitoring page and printing buttons are
displayed. The trend pages mean a combustor inner
pressure information display 52, a high temperature
member temperature display 53, an exhaust gas temperature
display 53, an exhaust gas temperature display 54, an
exhaust gas property display 55 and an operating state
display 56. Here, a plurality of buttons, such as a 1
hour trend, a 10 minute trend, a 1 minute trend and a
specifying time buttons are prepared as the time axis
setting buttons. Further, a plurality of buttons such as
a hard copy and a digital value printing buttons are
prepared as the printing buttons.
In the combustor inner pressure information display
52, an amplitude (MPa), a frequency (Hz) and a maximum
fluctuation combustor position Max Dram No. are displayed
as the pressure fluctuation characteristics, and a graph
of a level outputting an alarm and time sequence data of
the combustor inner pressure is also displayed.
In the high temperature member temperature display
53, a temperature of a member in the combustor having a
maximum temperature is displayed. A drum number is
displayed, and a graph of an upper limit level outputting
an alarm and data of temperature change of the member is
also displayed.
In the exhaust gas temperature display 54, the
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maximum and the minimum exhaust gas temperatures and
information on an exhaust gas temperature spread value
expressing a difference between the maximum value and the
minimum value obtained from information from the sensors
15 distributed in the exhaust portion of the gas turbine
electric power generating facility 1 are displayed.
Further, a maximum drum number and a minimum drum number
are also displayed, and a graph of an upper limit level
outputting an alarm and data of exhaust gas temperature
spread change is displayed.
In an exhaust gas property display 55, information
on production of nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gas
obtained from the information of the exhaust gas property
sensor 15 is displayed. Here, an exhaust gas NOx value is
displayed, and a graph of a level outputting an alarm and
time sequence data of the exhaust gas NOx value is
displayed.
In a combustor operating state display 56,
information on a fuel-air ratio (defined by a mass ratio
of fuel to air, F/A) dominating a combustion state is
displayed. Further, a graph of an upper limit level
outputting an alarm and a lower limit level outputting an
alarm and time sequence data of the fuel-air ratio is
displayed.
The algorithm of the first slight trouble judging
unit 33 will be described below, referring to FIG. 5. FIG.
5 shows the algorism of an embodiment of a slight trouble
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judging unit to which the present invention is applied.
The trends of information on the control unit 2 and each
of the measuring sensors in regard to the high
temperature gas passage portion, the fuel nozzle and the
combustion status are evaluated based on the information
from the data receiving unit 8 according to the an
arbitrary preset value of monitoring time period. For
example, in regard to the high temperature gas passage
portion, changing trends of a shaft power output, an
exhaust gas temperature, a compressor delivery pressure,
an air flow rate, a high temperature portion metal
temperature, a fuel-air ratio and so on of the objective
gas turbine electric power generating facility 1 are
monitored. For each of the monitored items, operation
supporting information is output. An example of the
operation supporting information is that in a case where
one of the item is diagnosed as abnormal by a pre-
constructed AND/OR logic, it is judged that a"slight
trouble 1" occurs, and the operation supporting
information, for example, "decrease operating load" is
output. In other words, operation supporting information
of an abnormality corrective action can be output
corresponding to the trend of each kind of the data.
Therein, the algorithm is pre-formed into a database, and
stored in the system.
The algorithm of the restoring capability evaluating
and judging unit 25 of the control set value modifying
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and diagnosing and automatic starting function will be
described below, referring to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 shows an
embodiment of the algorism of modifying control set
values, diagnosing and automatic starting to which the
present invention is applied. Condition judging
references 1, 2, 3 are judged by a pre-constructed AND/OR
logic that a deviation in an actually measured value from
a planed value of fuel-air ratio is large, and the
abnormality is not a "slight trouble 1" and not an
actuator abnormality, and the abnormality did not occur
during load changing. In the above case, a trigger signal
is output when changes of the compressor air flow rate,
the fuel flow rate and the fuel command value depart from
the ranges of the allowable values.
The algorithms of the control set value tuning
supporting function 26 and the malfunction reproducing
task 32 of the restoring supporting function will be
described below, referring to FIG: 7. FIG. 7 shows the
algorism of an embodiment of a control set value tuning
supporting function and a restoring supporting function
to which the present invention is applied. The control
set value tuning supporting function 26 and the
malfunction reproducing task 32 of the restoring
supporting function are executed as described below using
an operating characteristic evaluation tool 57 which is
combination of a gas turbine dynamic simulator and a
mounted control logic which are pre-tuned using the test
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operation and operating actual data so as to simulate the
actual characteristics.
As shown in FIG. 7, in the case of the slight
trouble 2, a load changing operation analyzing function
5 58 including the above-described operating characteristic
evaluation tool 57 is operated using tuning indexes
obtained from pre-performed sensitivity analyses and past
cases, and using information from a modifying function 60
including a means for selecting and automatically tuning
10 tuned items by the actually measured data. Then, it is
checked using a judging unit 59 whether or not the
obtained result falls within an allowable range of a
planned value.
If the output of the judging unit 59 is NO, the
15 tuning processing is repeated through the modifying
function 60. If the output of the judging unit 59 is YES,
sent information 61 composed of recommended control set
values, a recommended operating method and evaluation
back data are output to the above-described sending
20 function 28.
In the case of a serious trouble, in the above-
described malfunction reproducing task 32, a trouble
reproduction analysis is executed by the above-described
operating characteristic evaluation tool 57 using data X
hours before occurrence of the trouble 62 automatically
or manually transmitted from the data compiling and
communication unit 3, and then an estimated cause and
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back data used for the judgment 63 are output to a sent
information 66. There, the X hours of the data 62 may be
arbitrarily set.
On the other hand, in order to reflect the studied
result of the above-described corrective action meeting,
an effect of the corrective action and back data used for
the evaluation are output to the sent information 66 by a
function 64 for executing analysis by the above-described
operating characteristic evaluation tool 57 using
operation actual values of the objective facility 1 in
the above-described data accumulating unit 9. The sent
information 66 is composed of the cause, the effect of
the corrective action, the recommended operating method
and the evaluation back data etc, and is offered to the
site restoring worker 47 and the manager of the electric
power generating facility.
The contract form with the facility manager will be
described below. The contract amount is determined
corresponding to the degree of technical difficulty of
the service contents according to the following procedure.
Therein, the degree of technical difficulty here
does not mean particularly complex processing or analysis
calculation, but means an application range of know-how
and technical power accumulated for a long term by the
manufacturer.
In a case of a contract in which the client judges
whether the operation of the facility is continued or the
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inspection of the facility is to be performed in the next
shut-down period, the service mode is that only the
information on the sign of abnormality detected in the
abnormality detecting function 19 is sent to the
operation managing person.
In a case of a contract in which the restoration and
diagnosis information is provided to the client when an
unscheduled stoppage of the concerned facility occurs,
the service mode is that the information output from the
trouble judging functions 20 to 24 in FIG. 2 and the
malfunction reproducing task 32 in FIG. 3 is sent to the
operation managing person.
In a case of a contract in which the supporting of
tuning the control set values is included, the service
mode is that the information output from the set value
tuning function 26 in FIG. 2 is sent to the operation
managing person.
In a case of a contract in which the selection and
the preparation support of members necessary for
restoring the operation, the service mode is that the
information output from the facility restoring task 31 in
FIG. 3 is sent to the operation managing person.
In a case of a contract in which planning of the
permanent corrective action is included, the service mode
is that the information output from the permanent
corrective action task 33 in FIG. 3 is sent to the
operation managing person.
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Such service modes corresponding to the abnormality
corrective action data may be formed in a database and
stored in a memory medium.
As described above, the present embodiment can be
detect a sign of abnormality in an early stage by the
means for transmitting the information on the operating
state, the time-varying characteristics of the electric
power generating facility and the means for processing
and diagnosing the information obtained by the means for
transmitting the information.
When an abnormality occurs, detailed study of the
detected phenomenon can be performed in a short time by
the means for weighing the degree of the abnormality
stepwise and the means for transmitting the abnormality
corrective action information and the means information
to the section in charge of operation and the section in
charge of operation support.
An optimized operation of the facility under
operation can be supported by the means for offering the
candidate trouble cause and the consequence effect
information when the trouble is left as it is.
An external interruption to operation of the present
system can be prevented by the means for protecting
against intrusion and interruption to the communication
line and the means for enciphering the signals.
According to the present invention, it is possible
to provide an electric power facility operation remote
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supporting method and an electric power facility
operation remote supporting system which can offer
optimized operating support in a short time when an
abnormality or a sign of abnormality occurs in the
electric power generating facility.
