Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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HIGH-PERFORMANCE CHAMBER MIXER FOR CATALYTIC OIL
SUSPENSIONS AS A REACTOR FOR THE DEPOLYMERISATION AND
POLYMERISATION OF HYDROCARBON CONTAINING RESIDUAL
SUBSTANCES TO MIDDLE DISTILLATE IN THE CYCLE
The present invention relates to a method for producing Diesel oil from
hydrocarbon containing residual substances in an oil cycle with solid
deposition
and product distillation for the Diesel product.
In the previously mentioned patent specification, the components of the input
and
output are dealt with only in general manner. The goal of the supplementary
application is to precisely describe these components and to explain them in
an
embodiment. These precisions become possible since the high-performance
chamber mixer is able to produce a high negative pressure, and thus all of the
input problems can be solved based thereon. An embodiment of the present
invention is described in more detail below by way of the drawings. There
show:
Figure 1 a schematic representation of a plant for performing the method
according to the invention;
Figure 2 a schematic representation of the plant of figure 1.
By way of figure 1, first, the method is explained. For the purpose of a
clogging-
free input, on the suction side of a high-performance chamber mixer 1, an
input
container 2 having three input openings is disposed. At the upper end of the
input
container 2 there is the first input opening, the residual substance input 4,
which
adjoins the input container 2 through an input system 3 acting in crushing and
metering manner.
The substances to be input, residual substance dry 5, residual oil from the
plant or
as a residual substance 6, lime or soda as a neutralising agent 7 and the
catalyst
8 in the mixing hopper 9, enter this input system 3 through the hopper 9 and
the
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collecting container 4. Both the hopper 9 and the collecting container 4 are
equipped with vibrators ensuring continuous inflow.
The other two openings at the input container 2 are a cycle catalyst oil
supply 10
from an oil collection container 15 and a collection catalyst oil supply 11
from an
oil collection container 15 disposed at the discharge of this oil collection
container
15. Thereby, it is made possible that the catalyst oil also retains the lime
residues
in the cycle.
On the pressure side of the high-performance chamber mixer 1, a pressure line
12
is attached. It passes the product vapour-oil mixture produced in the high-
performance chamber mixer 1 into an evaporator 14. It has a distribution
gutter 13
dividing the entering oil-vapour mixture into a plurality of partial jets
through
perforated sheets in an annular nozzle with open end, which wet the wall, and
which results in a surface of the liquid in the evaporator 14 as large as
possible.
Thereby, it is achieved that almost the entire product separates in vaporous
state
from the liquid and is able to deposit upwards in a distillation column 18,
and no
product will enter the oil collection container 15, if possible. Repeated
cleavage of
already generated product in the Diesel boiling region would reduce the
production
amount and decrease the product in quality.
The input system 3 is turned on and off and speed controlled by a level
controlling
container 16 indicating and controlling the level in the oil collection
container 15,
respectively. At the lower end of the level controlling container 16, a pump
17 is
disposed, which passes a small amount of oil to the input system 3 in order to
protect it from obstructions.
On the vapour side of the product, the product vapour is purified from the
entrained oil particles by fractioned distillation in the distillation column
18 and
condensed in the condenser 19. The water portions arising in the condensation
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are retained in the condenser 19 by a partition on the input side due to their
higher
specific gravity.
From there, the water portion enters a pH measuring container 20 by exchange
with the product located there with the water settling downwards. In the pH
measuring container 20, there is a pH measuring probe 23 and a conductivity
probe 22. Upon reaching the water at the conductivity probe 22, a certain
amount
of water is discharged into a product water container 21 and from there
discharged into an overflow pipe.
The lighter product, Diesel or fuel oil, enters a product line 24 on the
output side
through the separating sheet in the condenser, wherein vaporous product
portions
enter a product container 25 through a line 26 like the product in the product
line
24. A small portion of the product gets back in controlled manner into the
distillation column into one of the upper bases 27 through the line 25.
Therein, the control is adjusted such that the amount controls the return in
the
column. It generates a different product quality for summer Diesel with an
average
boiling temperature of 290 C, for winter Diesel with an average boiling
temperature of 270 C, and for kerosene with an average boiling temperature of
240 C. Cooling the condenser is effected with cycle water and a heat
exchanger
38 with cycle water pump.
Behind the product container, there is a vacuum pump 37 which keeps the entire
system under negative pressure. The sucked gas is added in the current
generator as intake air or purified in a catalytic exhaust air purification.
As gases
sucked off from the plant, the carbon dioxides derived from the biologic
substances and the small gas amounts possibly derived from leaks result.
Thereby, it is ensured that no combustible product can exit the plant. To this
end,
the vacuum pump controls the amount of input and the amount of output of the
non-reactive, inorganic residues discharged at the lower end of the plant.
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The non-reactive portions of the input substance and the salts forming by the
ion-
exchanging catalyst and the added lime or soda enter a heat chamber 32 through
a control valve 30 and a hot sludge pump 31.
It is electrically heated to 550 C and has a heat-resistant evaporation
container
with the sludge entry on the inner side, a vapour return line to the
evaporator and
a screw output 33 for the heated inorganic substances entering a residual
container 34. On average, it is 1 to 3 % of the input substance.
The substances collected in the residual container 34 are subsequently mixed
with
the water of the container 21. The substances depositing in the suspension,
metal,
glass and ceramics, are separated and the suspension is filtered. The filter
residue is re-utilisable catalyst. The liquid contains the formed salts and is
passed
into the waste water.
The containers have relieve and pressure balance lines like the input
container 2
connected to the distillation column through a vent chamber with check valve
35.
Furthermore, all of the heat carrying parts are doubly isolated with an
alumina fibre
mat on the surface and an isolating mat thereon. On the outside, a cover sheet
is
disposed, which is formed as a closed chamber on the turbine, which can
withstand a small overpressure.
In one embodiment, the method is explained. A high-performance chamber mixer
1 with an electrical power of 200 kW sucks the solids from a collection
container 2
having a volume of 800 I from the Correau pump of the Correau Paris, a
crushing
and metering gear pump of 37 kW. The container located above has a capacity of
2 m3. The connecting line is DN50.
The connecting lines between the collection container 2 and the oil collection
container 15 are relatively small to allow a high mixing action in the
collection
container with high oil exit speed and controlled negative pressure. They have
a
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diameter of 1.5 inch and valves controlling the negative pressure in the
collection
container 2 depending on the material located at the input 3. The relieve line
with
check valve 36 has a diameter of 3/4 inch.
The evaporation container 14 has a capacity of 2 m3 and a distribution gutter
13
with a width of 80 mm and three rows of holes with a hole diameter of 8 mm,
wherein the inner and outer row of holes have inclined bores from the centre
towards the wall and the interior space. The oil collection container 15
disposed
below has a volume of 1.5 m3 and the level container has a volume of 100
litres.
The distillation column 18 has 15 bubble trays with each 52 bubble caps having
a
diameter of 600 mm. The condenser 19 has a volume of 300 litres. The output
system has the control valve 30 DN50 with a hot sludge pump without plastic
parts, and is connected to the heat chamber 32, a heating furnace of the
company
Nabertherm with 15 kW power, and a vapour pipe 35 to the evaporator 14 with a
diameter of 1.5 inch, isolated and provided with condensation loops.
The residual output 33 is a screw having a diameter of 200 mm and a closure
envelope over the connection from the residual container 34 with a volume of 1
m3. The line to the pH container 20 has a diameter of 1.5 inch and the pH
container has a volume of 0.5 m3 with conductivity sensor 22 and pH gauge 23.
The water collection container 21 has a volume of 1 m3.
The device for performing the method is explained by way of figure 2. On the
suction side of the high-performance chamber mixer 101, an input container 102
is
disposed, which has input openings. At the upper end of the container, there
is the
first input opening, the residual substance input 104 adjoining the input
container
102 through an input system 103 having gears and a metering insert.
The input openings, residual substance dry 105, residual oil from the plant or
as a
residual substance 106, lime or soda as neutralising agent 107 and a catalyst
108
in the mixing hopper 109 are connected to the input system 103 through a
hopper
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109 and a collection container 104. Both the hopper 109 and the collection
container 104 are equipped with vibrators.
The other two openings at the input container 102 are the cycle catalyst oil
supply
110 from an oil collection container 115 and the collection catalyst oil
supplies 111
from an oil collection container 115 disposed at the discharge of this oil
collection
container.
A pressure line 112 is attached on the pressure side of the high-performance
chamber mixer 101. It connects the high-performance chamber mixer 101 to an
evaporator 114. It has a distribution gutter 113 provided with perforated
sheets in
an annular nozzle with open end on the inner side.
The supply system 103 is connected to a level controlling container 116. It
contains a level probe. At the lower end of the level controlling container
16, a
pump 117 is disposed, which has a connecting line to the input system 103.
The evaporation container 114 is connected to the distillation column 118. At
the
upper end of the distillation column 118, the condenser 119 is disposed, which
has a partition inside. The condenser 119 has a connection to a pH measuring
container 120 on the input side. A conductivity probe 122 is attached in the
container, which is electronically connected to a water drain valve.
On the side of the condenser opposing the input side, lines 124 and 126 are
attached at the bottom and at the top, which are connected to a Diesel product
container 125. An adjusting valve 128 is disposed in the line 124, which is
connected to a connecting line to the distillation column. The adjusting valve
is
communicated with an electronic control, which is set to a temperature
measurement. This control has the indications Summer Diesel, Winter Diesel and
kerosene.
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On the cooling side, the condenser 19 is connected to a heat exchanger 138
with
cycle water pump. After the product container, there is a vacuum pump 137,
which
is thereby connected to all of the parts of the plant.
At the lower end of the oil collection container 115, the residual output
valve 130 is
disposed. It is connected to a hot sludge pump 131 and a heat chamber 132. It
is
located in an electrically heated furnace and has a vapour output 135 besides
the
input from the hot sludge pump 131.
This line is also isolated and has condensate loops with drain cocks and
terminates in the evaporator container 114. The heat chamber 132 has a
discharge screw 133 on the output side, which is connected to an ash container
134.
A suspension chamber follows the residual container 134, which has a
connecting
line to the water container 121 and has two outputs. The one output at the
upper
side is connected to a filter press suitable for catalyst sludge, and the
lower side is
connected to a reusable material container for ceramics, metal and glass.
The containers have relieve and pressure balance lines as the input container
102
connected to the distillation column through a venting chamber with check
valve
135. Furthermore, all of the heat carrying parts are doubly isolated with an
alumina
fibre mat on the surface and an isolating mat thereon. On the outside, a cover
sheet is disposed, which is formed as a closed chamber on the turbine, which
can
withstand a small overpressure.
In one embodiment, the device is explained. A high-performance chamber mixer
101 with an electrical power of 200 kW has a connecting line to a collection
container 102 having a volume of 800 I. It has an upwards connecting line to
the
Correau pump of the company Correau Paris, a crushing and metering gear pump
of 37 M. The container located above has a capacity of 2 m3. The connecting
line is DN50.
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The connecting lines between the collection container 102 and the oil
collection
container 115 are relatively small and have a diameter of 1.5 inch and valves
controlling the negative pressure in the collection container 102 depending on
the
material located at the level of the input 103. The relieve line with check
valve 136
has a diameter of 3/4 inch.
The evaporation container 114 has a capacity of 2 m3 and a distribution gutter
113
having a width of 80 mm and three rows of holes with a hole diameter of 8 mm,
wherein the inner and outer row of holes have inclined bores from the middle
towards the wall and the interior space. There oil collection container 115
disposed below has a volume of 1.5 m3 and the level container has a volume of
100 litres.
The distillation column 118 has 15 bubble trays with each 52 bubble caps with
a
diameter of 600 mm. The condenser 19 has a volume of 300 litres. The output
system has the control valve 30 DN50 with a hot sludge pump without plastic
parts
and is connected to the heat chamber 132, a heating furnace of the company
Nabertherm with 15 kW power, and a vapour pipe 135 to the evaporator 114 with
a diameter of 1.5 inch, isolated and provided with condensation loops.
The residual output 133 is a screw with a diameter of 200 mm and a closure
envelope over the connection from the residual container 134 with a volume of
1
m3. The line to the pH container 120 has a diameter of 1.5 inch and the pH
container has a volume of 0.5 m3 with conductivity sensor 122 and pH gauge
123.
The water collection container 121 has a volume of 1 m3.
Description of figures
Figure 1
1 High-performance mixer
2 input container
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3 input openings
4 residual input
residual substance
6 residual substance
7 residual substance
8 residual substance
9 hopper
cycle cataiyst oil supply
11 collection catalyst oil supply
12 pressure line
13 distribution gutter
14 evaporator
oil collection container
16 level control
17 pump
18 distillation column
19 condenser
pH measuring container
21 product line
22 conductivity probe
23 pH measuring probe
24 product line
product container
26 line
27 base
28 return valve
29 residual space in the oil collection container 15
control vaive
31 hot sludge pump
32 heat chamber
33 screw output
34 residual container
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35 check valve
36 check valve
37 vacuum pump
38 heatexchanger
Figure 2
101 High-performance mixer
102 input container
103 input system
104 input openings
105 residual substance
106 residual substance
107 residual substance
108 residual substance
109 mixing hopper
110 cycle catalyst oil supply
111 collection catalyst oil supply
112 pressure line
113 distribution gutter
114 evaporator container
115 oil collection container
116 level control container
117 pump
118 distillation column
119 condenser
120 pH measuring container
121 water collection container
122 conductivity probe
123 pH gauge
124 lines
125 Diesel product container
126 lines
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127 return base in distillation
128 disk valve
129 residual space in the oil quick container 15
130 residual output valve
131 hot sludge pump
132 heat chamber
133 discharge container
134 ash container
135 vapour output
136 check valve
137 vacuum pump
138 heatexchanger
