Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
CA 02646779 2008-11-25
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Description
The primary objectives of this invention is to mass produce (gametes) eggs
(especially)/sperm
for initiation of stem cells sources and artificial fertilization and in vitro
surrogate implantation.
This technology can be used an any and all life forms (sometimes using cross
sources of
hormones and or hormone analogs)...
The reason we want to produce these substances externally, outside of the body
is because it
is invasive to remove (eg. oocytes/eggs) from the female's ovaries versus mass
production of
multiple external ovaries.
We need ovarian and testicular tissue. And we need to mature the tissue.
1. We could remove a sample of ovarian and testicular tissue and regenerate to
its full
normal size by exposing it to HOX and ECM (Extra Cellular Matrix) .
2. We could take an ovaries and testes from recently deceased donors and wash
with
detergent and use the Extra Cellular Matrix Skeleton/Scaffold and repopulate
with
stem cells and converted stem cells into differentiated cells that normally
belong in
the specific places. ECM and Hyaluronic Acid and Hyaluronan and hyaluronate
(Hasl, Has2, Has3) and its fibronectin-type (collagen and also laminin)
components
together with HOX can be used to regenerate and grow any and all life forms.
Hyaluronic also supports virulence and could be used for further augmenting
the
sexual maturity and successful fertilization of healthy in vitro any and all
progeny...
3. Alternate method of proliferating any and all life. External cues
originating outside
the cell, (eg epidermal growth factor (EGF)), induce proliferative signaling
via beta-
catenin, an inside the cell protein is necessary in cell adhesion at the
plasma
membrane and transcription of cell cycle genes in the nucleus (especially
epithelial
cells). The factor Writ 3a, is an agonist of beta-catenin transcriptional
activity, that
induces greater signaling than either of the ligands (EGF and Writ 3a) alone.
However each uses a different sub-cellular pool of beta-catenin. WNT signaling
with either Wnt3a, LiCI (causes the accumulation of beta-catenin and also is a
dopamine antagonist, see Re: Induced Spawning - section below - GnRH,
Gonadotrophin, and other hormones...), or the constitutively active S33Y
mutant of
13-catenin. WNT factors and (3-catenin also affect lymphocyte progenitor fate
as well
as stem cell self-renewal Stimulation with LiCl markedly increased the amounts
of
total and nonphosphorylated R-catenin in the myeloma cell lines tested.
4. Another option is with antigenic peptide p33 and a weaker agonist A4Y
ligand and
mixed with LiCI or KCI, and pulsed with [ H]thymidine to proliferate all life
(including
human stem cells). Also IL-2 production had a large increase because of the
lithium, as measured by proliferation of the IL-2-dependent, it has been
postulated
that GSK-3 regulates the T lymphocyte responses. GSK-3 phosphorylates NF-Atc
(nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)), which promotes cytoplasmic
localization
and also export from the nucleus. Therefore, the presence of LiCI should
inactivate
GSK-3, resulting in prolonged dephosphorylation of NF-ATc and sustained
nuclear
localization. GSK-3 plays an important role in antigen-specific T cell
activation by
regulating NF-ATc localization.
5. Once the stem cells or any other tissue proliferated using this method is
ready to be
grafted back into a patient's body (eg. after regenerating the body part), we
can use
a beta-catenin antagonist protein E-cadherin to treat the cells to avert
cancer...
6. Both 1. and 2. and 3. and 4. are grown outside the body - external
ovaries/testicular
organs (the result is a regenerated external (once fully regenerated, mature
CA 02646779 2008-11-25
33
ovary/testes), they can be used as a sort of egg and sperm mass production
factories... these can be grown in Gerard Voon's patented bioreactor that uses
synthetic blood to bring oxygen and remove CO2 from the tissue/body part and
either dialysis and/or functional external from the body kidney that filters
waste that
is also via the bioreactor filters the blood and uses it for its own survival
as well; at
the other end nutrients and vitamins, growth hormones and supplements are
added
based on the stage of growth.. .of the best recipe. In addition to ovarian and
testes
tissue the above techniques can be used for any and all body parts (from
healthy
pancreas cells (reinjected - possibly differentiated from stem precusor cells)
to full
regenerated pancreas to naturally produce insulin for transplant back into the
patient's body (Dad)), also immune cells... glands, organs and tissues. Other
uses
include regenerating and culturing swallows salivary glands and solving the
cues,
environmental and/or hormonal cues... any and all cues that trigger swallows
to
make bird's nest soup... also we could regenerate Mako shark's fins separate
from
the body, possibly from stem cells... In the case (of growing/differentiating
ovarian/testes tissue from stem cells) we need to mature the
ovaries/testicles... There are both environmental and internal factors (for
water
bourne creatures) that are involved and even necessary for maturation.. .there
are
environmental factors include: (eg. simulate annual seasons - including
monsoon
season); most important is photoperiod (melatonin might be used to alternate
use
during winter and non-use during the longer lighting summer) length of
daylight and
(also variation in intensity and/or light pulses) relative to the length of
darkness),
proper stimulation olfactory organs, FEO (food entrained oscillator... proper
stimulation of taste buds, food availability; water temperature; water flow
rate
(activity - possible impacts on metabolism )(velocity m/sec - flooding and
water
currents); pH/DH (water hardness); Dissolved Oxygen (mg/I); Free carbon-
dioxide
(mg/I); Total alkalinity (mg/I); Chlorides (mg/I); TDS (mg/I); DOM (mg/I);
Specific
conductivity (mhos)/25C, some believe in the cycles of the moon, atmospheric
pressure, availability and desired quality types based on the fish type of
spawning
substrate, availability of aquatic plants, sticks, gravel, and safe nooks and
crannies,
nutrition, and the presence of other fish...The effects of these external
factors on the
blood concentrations of substances (eg. exercise and activity and changes in
PH/DH... and/or melatonin antagonists) could be used together with GnRH,
gonadotrophin, vitamin A (beta carotene), retinoic acid, for maturing the
gametes
which is absolutely necessary for spawning/mating/sexual intercourse/breeding
to
result in healthy embryos (mitosis/meiosis)...
7. Responses by gonadotrophin induced cycles, for females (vary) (some
ovulating 70
eggs), we need alleles to induce the follicles to mature, it seems follicular
fluid from
large follicles (I-pFF), to mature oocyte cytoplasmic and nuclear
maturation... It has
been hypothesized that Alleles contributing to induction of follicle
maturation and
steriodogenesis, that (whereby) the maturation process is subject to
gonadotropin
inducing cycles, contribute to under environmental factors, to mature
follicles, to
produce estrogens to create and LH surge and thus ovulating.
8. We could also use ovarian tissue and/or full ovaries to produce eggs such
as
sturgeon (caviar) and turtle and/or crab eggs... this technology could be used
to
produce any and all eggs...
We can also use synthetic meiosis-activating sterol, derived from follicular
fluid (FF-MAS).
Re: Inducing Maturity of Gametes from Ovarian and Testicular Tissue
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Vitamin A in the form of beta-carotene (BC) an also retinol ester, is supplied
to oocytes and
cumulus-granulosa via the ovarian follicles (by binding with molecules).
Vitamin A, retinoic acid
are involved artificial insemination, and in artificial reproductive
techniques (ART), eg.
superovulation, ovum pick up, and in vitro maturation culture. RA is possibly
involved in
affecting cytoplasmic maturation through gene expression of gonadotrophin
receptors, midkine,
cyclooxygenase-2, and nitric oxide synthase in cumulus-granulosa cells,
oocytes, blastocyst,
follicles, gametes (any and all ovarian and/or testes cells).
Tissues needed for the hormonal cascade are the hypothalamus, pituitary gland,
and gonads...
The cascade of hormones are gonadotropin releasing hormones (GnRH), which
travel from the
hypothalamus to the pituitary gland... The pituitary regulates growth and
reproduction (we could
also use it to further enhance stem cell proliferation). Specialized pituitary
cells are signalled by
GnRH to release gonadotropic hormones. These gonadotropic hormones affect the
gonads,
that then produce steroids that regulates final maturation of the gametes.
Maturation of the egg includes vitellogenesis, in this process the yolk
proteins (we could grow
fully complete livers (deceased donor, detergent and ECM matrix with HOX
and/or stem cells
and/or specialized cells per portion of belong on the matrix) outside the body
and produce (in
Gerard Voon's patented bioreactors)) externally produced yolk protein (mass
production) are
produced in the liver, transport it to the ovary, to produce much egg size.
The yolk is necessary
for the embryo growth.
We are studying the induction and its contribution of Germinal vesicle
migration and germinal
vesicle breakdown (GVBD) to the gametes development.
Re: Next Stage After Gametes have Matured
At this stage (when the gametes have matured) prostaglandins are produced.
They induce
ovulation, rupturing of the follicle cells holding the egg. The egg makes its
way to the body
cavity or ovarian lumen... Interestingly after ovulation, the health of eggs
can decrease.
Re: Induced Spawning
In addition to viagra, cialis, water melon rind, Kapok (Ceiba pentandra) bark
We can induce spawning by extracting hCG from the urine of pregnant (large
sources that are
easy to grow and breed) - any and all sources eg.
cows/pigs/horses/dogs/cats...
Major methods include injection of a GnRH analogue; agonist (Leutinizing
Hormone Releasing
Hormone, LHRHa) with dopamine possible antagonist:
Dopamine blockers and depletors include:
= metoclopramide
= pimozide (Orap)
= haloperidol (Haldol)
CA 02646779 2008-11-25
= olanzapine (Zyprexa)
= tetrabenazine
= chlorpromazine hydrochloride (Thorazine)
= domperidone
= droperidol (Inapsine)
= fluphenazine hydrochloride (Prolixin)
= metoclopramide (Reglan)
= perphenazine (Trilafon)
= prochiorperazine (Compazine)
= thiethylperazine (Torecan)
= trimethobenzamide (Tigan)
= reserpine (Serpalan)
- the fish may be reacting to a change in serotonin level and injection of
gonadotropin and
hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin), Ovopel, Ovaprim-C, Ovatide, Ovaplant, CPE
(Carp
Pituitary Extract) - we also plan to use the above hormones to proliferate
stem cells and/or
specialized cell regeneration).
Genetic (chromosomal modification)...to induce polyploidy, gynogenesis and
androgenesis can
be used for all life (aiming to control sex, inhibit sexual maturation and
rapid inbreeding -
Thorgaard, 1986). Methods to include using temperature sock, high hydrostatic
pressure
and/or chemicals... on fertilized eggs. Usage of these methods at the final
stages of meiosis
will retain a second polar body resulting in triploids, furthermore later
usage of such methods
avoids first cleavage resulting in tetraploidy...
Irradiating the sperm results in gynogenic progeny (progeny having only
mother's
genes)... Irradiating pre fertilized eggs and then fertilizing results in
androgenic progeny
(progeny having only the father's genes)... Preventing first cell cleavage
restores diploidy.
Methods used can obtain all-female population and/or all0female triploid
populations. Start
with gynogenic progeny... hormones are used to reverse the sex of the
population to
phenotypes of males but genetically female. These quasi-males fertilize normal
female eggs,
that produce all female progeny, the goal is get rid of inbreeding via
gynogenic males are
prevented.
These methods can be used to produce (via sample from live donor to regenerate
- including
stem cells - into full matured) ovarian and testicular tissue (and/or collect
gametes directly from
recently deceased donors) to use in in vitro fertilization.
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Re: Artificial Water Bourne creatures' Gills
By growing (via stem cells and/or regeneration/cloning of the body parts) or
removing gills from
the most suitable fish... we could filter out oxygen and release carbon
dioxide for divers,
submarines, underwater stations and/or use the carbon dioxide for any and all
algae and plant
growth.
Re: Melatonin Antagonist for growth and/or sexual maturity
Bright light therapy is a popular method which prevents the conversion of
serotonin to
melatonin. The same results from more time in natural sunlight.
Since extending photoperiod is the primary means of inducing fish to mature
and spawn (life
cycles), and melatonin (produced by the pineal gland during darkness in the
environment - the
result of our visual receptors) is known to reduce rate of growth and sexual
maturity therefore
we are using melatonin antagonists including: muscarinic cholinergic
antagonist;
mecamylamine, a nicotinic cholinergic antagonist; atenolol, a [3-adrenergic
antagonist;
phentolamine, a nonselective a-adrenergic antagonist; prazosin, a selective a-
adrenergic
antagonist; haloperidol, a dopaminergic antagonist; naloxone, an opioid
antagonist; and
ibuprofen, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. The following are theorized that
hormones... are
facilitated (some how involved) affected by the acetylcholine, dopamine,
and/or prostaglandin.
Using (S20098: N-[2-(7-methoxy-1-naphthyl)ethyl]acetamide), and a Putative
Antagonist
(S20928: N-[2-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]cyclobutyl carboxamide to Block the Effects of
Melatonin
S20098, an agonist working on melatonin receptors. S20928 have both
agonist/antagonist
effects, at low applications is an antagonist on melatonin receptors in the
suprachiasmatic
nucleus and intergeniculate leaflet.
Further Melatonin Agonists and/or Antagonists that we are using to
Pharmacologically Take the
place of Photoperiod Inducing Growth and Sexual Maturity
CURRENTLY ACCEPTED NAME MT1 MT2 MT3
PREVIOUS NAMES Mel I a Mel1 b ML2
MLIA MLIB
MEL1A MEL1 B
STRUCTURAL INFORMATION 350 as (human) 363 as (human)
FULL AGONISTS Melatonin (M 5250) Melatonin (M 5250) 2-lodomelatonin (1 1899)
2-lodomelatonin (1 1899) 2-lodomelatonin (11899) 6-Chloromelatonin (C 0331)
N-Propionyl melatonin N-Propionyl melatonin Melatonin (M 5250)
N-Butanoyl melatonin N-Butanoyl melatonin N-Acetylserotonin (A 1824)
6-Chloromelatonin (C 0331) 6-Chloromelatonin (C 0331) 5-MCA-NAT
2-Methyl-6,7-dichloromelatonin 2-Methyl-6,7-dichloromelatonin
S20098 S20098
GR 196429 GR 196429
8M-PDOT 8M-PDOT
(-)-AMMTC (-)-AMMTC
11K7 (I 5531)
PARTIAL AGONISTS 5-Methoxyluzindole 5-Methoxyluzindole Not known
N-Acetyltryptamine (A 7342) N-Acetyltryptamine (A 7342)
ANTAGONISTS Luzindole (L 2407) Luzindole (L 2407) Luzindole (L 2407)
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S20928 S20928 Prazosin (P 7791)
4P-PDOT N-Acetyltryptamine (A 7342)
4P-ADOT 4P-CADOT
K185 (K 1888)
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION MECHANISMS Gi (cAMP modulation) Gi (CAMP modulation) Gq/11
(increase IP3/DAG)
Gq/1 1 (increase IP3/DAG) cGMP modulation
RADIOLIGANDS OF CHOICE 2-[1251]-lodomelatonin 2-[1251]-lodomelatonin 2-[1251]-
lodomelatonin
[3H]-Melatonin [3H]-Melatonin 2-[1251]-MCA-NAT
ABBREVIATIONS
4P-ADOT: 4-Phenyl-2-acetamidotetralin
(-)-AMMTC: N-Acetyl-4-aminomethyl-6-methoxy-9-methyl-1,2,3,4-
tetrahydrocarbazole
4P-CADOT: 4-Phenyl-2-chloroacetamidotetralin
GR 196429: N-[2-[2,3,7,8-tetrahydro-1 H-furo(2,3-g)indol-1-yl]ethyl]acetamide
I IK7: N-Butanoyl-2-(2-methoxy-6H-isoindolo[2,1-a]indole-l 1-yl)ethanamine
K185: N-Butanoyl-2-(5,6,7-trihydro-11-methoxybenzo[3,4]cyclohept[2,1 -a]indol-
13-
yl)ethanamine
Luzindole: 2-Benzyl-N-acetyltryptamine
5-MCA-NAT: 5-Methoxycarbonylamino-N-acetyltryptamine
Melatonin: 5-Methoxy-N-acetyltryptamine
4P-PDOT: 4-Phenyl-2-propionamidotetralin
8M-PDOT: 8-Methoxy-2-propionamidotetralin
S20098: N-[2-(7-Methoxy-1-naphthalenyl)ethyl]acetamide
S20928: N-[2-Naphth-1-yl-ethyl]-cyclobutyl carboxamide
Melatonin Receptors
Re: Fish Blocking Ca2+ As Well, Vitamin D's Role in Ca2+ absorption
Calcium was blocked by diluting water, removing calcium from the diet or by
long term feeding
of vitamin D-deficient diet. Melatonin. production is affected by plasma Ca2+.
Another way to influence the effects of melatonin is via iontophoresis of the
Ca2+ ionophore A-
23187, prevents the inhibitory effect of both melatonin or Ca2+ antagonists...
Transcription factors called clock genes, which include Clock, period genes
(pert, per2, and
per3), cryptochromes (cryl and cry2), and Bmall, regulate hypothalamic
suprachiasmatic
nucleus (SCN) and in peripheral tissues. The CLOCK and BMALI proteins initiate
transcription
of the period (per) and cryptochrome (cry) genes, and PER and CRY regulate
self transcription
through an interaction with the CLOCK/BMAL1 heterodimer to regulate cellular
rhythms.
The SCN regylates rhythm in a several major body parts, including brain,
pineal gland, adrenal
liver, heart, kidney, muscle, pancreas, lung, and oviduct, through neural
networks and hormonal
excretion via the cerebrospinal fluid. It is clear that the same genes that
are responsible for
SCN rhythmicity are rhythmically expressed throughout the body.
Anyone who has night time cravings for food must wonder, there seems to be a
clinging bond
between the time, darkness (lack of activity) and other cues that motivates
(possibly
metabolism since an early dinner), you such as your rhythm has entrained you
to crave food in
the same daily rhythm ... This could be the cause of FEO (food entrained
oscillator)... The FEO
CA 02646779 2008-11-25
38
is an alternate circadian clock acting on any and all living organisms, in
addition to
suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN).
The necessary nutrients, include metabolites, ions, vitamins, nucleotides, and
amino acids can
also traverse from cumulus cells to the oocyte via GJC. Variations in these
nutrients inputs can
impact positively and/or negatively the developments from stage to stage needs
of an ovary
tissue into an embryo...
Measurement of carbohydrate concentrations can be taken via Glucose, pyruvate
and lactate
concentrations in FF, plasma and maturation medium.
Amino acid profiles (concentrations) can be Measured In follicular fluid (FF),
and/or
plasma... for each oestrous stage.
Measurement of osmolality can be measured using pooled FF, independent of
oestrous stage.
Amino acids
EAA
L-Arginine HCI
L-Cystine
L-Glutamine
L-Histidine HCIIH
L-Isoleucine
L-Leucine
L-Lysine-HCI
L-Methionine
L-Phenylalanine
L-Threonine
L-Tryptophan
L-Tyrosine
L-Valine
L-Glutamine
NEAR
L-Alanine
L-AsparagineHO
L-Aspartic acid
L-Glutamic acid
Glycine
L-Proline
L-Serine
Minimal Essential Medium (MEM) essential amino acid solution (no.
320-1130; Gibco).
b MEM nonessential amino acid solution (no. 320-1140; Gibco).
Specifically (stage by stage) Amino acids affected by oestrous stage included:
glutamate,
asparagine, histidine, glutamine, threonine, arginine, taurine, alanine,
tyrosine, tryptophan,
methionine, valine, phenylalanine, leucine and lysine. The Stage I FF amino
acid profile was
very similar to that of plasma, particularly as regards aspartate, glutamate,
serine, glycine,
threonine, arginine, taurine, phenylalanine and isoleucine. By contrast,
Stages Il-IV profiles
CA 02646779 2008-11-25
39
were significantly lower than plasma for aspartate, glutamate, asparagine
(Stage Ill only),
serine, taurine (except Stage II), alanine (Stage II only), methionine (except
Stage II), valine
(except Stage II), leucine (Stage III only) and lysine (except Stage III).
Overall, plasma levels
were markedly higher than those of FF for glutamate, serine and glutamine and,
to a lesser
extent, for asparagine, threonine, taurine, tyrosine, methionine,
phenylalanine and lysine. By
contrast, FF valine concentration was significantly higher than in plasma.
It is well believed that amino acids are uptaken into the
oocytes by the gap junctions (gap junctional communication (GJC)).
Addtionally the GSH (glutathione) content of an oocyte is much dependent
nextdoor cumulus
cells, GJC is believed to contribute to GSH content in the oocyte
Via passage/uptake of GSH or its substrates,
cysteine and glutamine from the cumulus
cells to an oocyte. The way cumulus cells regulate
MPN (male pronuclei) formation is not understood.
The basic medium used for the maturation of oocytes
was BSA-free Whitten's medium NaCl, KC1, KH2PO 4,
MgSO 4, NaHCO 3, glucose,
sodium lactate, sodium pyruvate, hemicalcium
lactate, potassium penicillin,
streptomycin sulfate, phenol red and
supplemented with PFF (pig/cow/human) follicular fluid, TCM-199 containing
hCG, eCG,
glutamine, fetal calf serum...
Also, large accumulation of cumulus cells (eg. Artificial Insemination with an
external ovary
produced oocyte - more broadly the cumulus are responsible for Routing and
Penetration of
spermatoza) affects the success of penetration of spermatozoa
And the large cumulus cell mass induces acrosome
reaction and assists penetration into the oocyte.
(Jason 0.5%)
(DLD 0.25%)
(GP HW 0.25%)
We can use Proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR) to chemically dissect
any and all
life fluids, including stem cell developments (proliferation stages),
regeneration, meiosis,
mitosis, different cells and the functions, liver and kidney filteration cells
the mechanism
whereby waste enters one end and is separated and the clean blood diverted
back into the
system, the mechanism of lung cells (including fish gills) how the absorb
oxygen and release
carbon dioxide and the membrane? And how this membrane performs this
function... (each and
every cell type and their symbiotic relationship with each and every organ and
glands...
development of ovaries to oocyte, the changing make up of Newt/Salamander's
(any and all
amphibians (GP) regenerating tails, starfishes, jellyfish, sea cucumber,
ECM/HOX changes in
response to amino acids, vitamins, ions... changes, mammals/ fishesturtles
(near extinct
species), Focusing on follicular growth and maturation, (1)H NMR is utilized
to dissect
intrafollicular and circulating glycoconjugates (sugar chains and N-acetyl
groups), lipoproteins
(CH(3) and CH(2) groups), glucose metabolites (trimethylamines, acetate and
lactate), amino
acids (including the above and more specifically: (glutamine/glutamate and
alanine),
creatine/creatinine and polyamines). Follicular fluids is measured for
oestradiol and
progesterone. The intrafollicular alanine and lipoproteins (CH(3) groups) went
down in the
CA 02646779 2008-11-25
dominant follicle (the future oocyte) during growth stage, while progesterone
and oestradiol
showed a large increase. As detailed above gonadotrophin is used to induce
ovulation;
follicular maturation is noted by lessening of glycoconjugates (sugar chains),
trimethylamines
and acetate, less oestradiol, also additional CH(3) groups of lipoproteins and
progesterone.
Re: The Idea of Varying levels of Factors for Different Phases in Mitosis for
any and all
Proliferation Promoting Substances has been Previously Patented by Gerard
Voon, but Below
is one Example of one such Substance (Ca2+)
Ca2+ ions needed for mitogenesis and increase in cytosolic Ca 2+ acts as a
physiological trigger
in cell proliferation, the different phases of the cell cycle present
different dosage needs for
Ca2+. Ryanodine and NiCl2 eliminated cytosolic Ca + and did not prevent PDGF-
induced
development into the Go into G, phase. Furthermore progression of cells into
the S phase and
the further mitosis were arrested, perhaps because S phase needs Ca 2+ and
further
proliferation promoting factors is regulated by Ca2+dosages and perhaps sharp
changes and
maintenance levels. G,/S are arrested when there is not enough Ca2+. Emptying
of Ca2+ pools
during Go/G, and S arrest growth while plating positive affect on G2 and M
cell cycle phases.
PDGF-induced (any and all) cells' proliferation requires the activity of SERCA
pumps to uptake
Ca2+ pools the entry into the S phase.
Ca2+ timing (in correlation with the mitotic phases) seems to involve Ca2+
intracellular pools
drainage and alternating usage of Ca2+ membrane to uptake the exogenous Ca2+
dependent
(are necessary for) on the mitotic phase. PDGF (Platelet-derived growth
factor) and possibly
any and all other factors (especially for proliferation) binding to receptors
at the surface of
cellular membrane and are intertwined with changes in cytosolic Ca + dosages
that involves a
surge the a lesser steady-state elevation, involving both the drainage of Ca +
pools and uptake
of Ca 2+ from the extracellular (external to the cell).
Re: Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species, and calcium
(Ca2+)
It has been suggested that plant cells sense ROS via at least three different
mechanisms: (i)
unidentified receptor proteins; (ii) redox-sensitive transcription factors,
such as NPRI or Heat
Shock Factors; and (iii) direct inhibition of phosphatases by ROS. There is a
possiblilty of
interactions of ROS, reactive nitrogen species, and calcium signalling.
All three are involved in control and regulation of biological processes, such
as growth, cell
cycle, programmed cell death, hormone signaling, biotic and abiotic stress
responses and
development... and any and all phenotypic responses.
ROS, reactive nitrogen species, and calcium (Ca2+) signalling are generated at
a number of
intracellular locations, including mitochondria, chioroplasts, peroxisomes,
and at the
extracellular side of the plasma membrane. These locations signal transduction
events, such
as mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, eliciting specific cellular
responses. The impacts
of these ROS, reactive nitrogen species, and calcium signalling on cellular
processes is
mediated by both the perpetuation of their production and their amelioration
by scavenging
enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and
catalase
(CAT). We need further study location, amplitude, and duration of ROS,
reactive nitrogen
species, and calcium
CA 02646779 2008-11-25
41
Functioning like Ca2+ signaling ROS (And possibly nitrogen species) is
controlled by the
spatial and temporal nature of its pools and drainage.
Re: Some of the Fish we Plan to Apply the Above Spawning Methods and
Techniques (From
External Ovaries Factories to ROS... )
Scientific name Common name
Acanthopagrus latus Yellowtn sea bream
A. berda Picnic sea bream
A. schiegeli Black sea bream
A. sivicolus Southern black sea bream
Anthias disper Red fish
Boleophthalmus pectinirostris Pond or mud skipper
Chanos chanos Milkfish
Choerodon schoenleinii Black spot tusk fish
Cromileptes altivelis Highfin grouper
Eleutheronema tetradactylum Four finger threadfin
Epinephelus akaara Red grouper
E. amblycephalus* White-spotted green grouper
E. awoora Yellow grouper
E. coioides / suillus Red-spotted grouper
E. fario Black-saddled grouper
E. fuscoguttatus Tiger grouper
E. lanceolatus Giant or King grouper
E: malabaricus I salmonides Malabar grouper
E. quoyaqnus Long-finned grouper
E. tauvina Green grouper
E. tukula Potato grouper
E. trimaculatus Brown marbled grouper
Evynnis cardinalis Golden-skinned porgy
Girella melanichthys Smaliscale blackfish
Girella puncta* Largescale blackfish
Glossogobius giuris Flathead goby
Gnathanodon speciosus Kingfish
Hapalogenys nitens Beard grunt
Kyphosus lembus Shortfin rudderfish
Lateolabrax japonicus Japanese sea bass
CA 02646779 2008-11-25
42
Lates calcarifer Asian sea bass
Lethrinus nebulosus Green snapper
Liza macrolepis Largescale liza
Lutjanus argentimaculatus Mangrove red snapper
L. erythropterus Pink snapper
L. johnii John's snapper
L. malabaricus Firespot snapper
L. monostigma Onespot snapper
L. russelli Russell's snapper
L. sebae Emperor snapper
L. stellatus Spotted snapper
Miichthys miiuy Nibe or brown croaker
Mugil cephalus Grey mullet
Nibea diacanthus Speckled drum
Oplegnathus punctatus Spotted knifejaw
Pagrus major Red sea bream
Platax orbicularis Narrow-banded batfish
Plectorhynchus cinctus Three-banded grunt
P. pictus Three-lipped grunt
Plectropomus leopardus Coral trout
Polynemus plebejus Common threadfin
P. sexfilis Six threadfin
Pomadasys kaakan Lined silver grunter
Psettodes erumei Big-mouthed flounder
Pseudosciaena crocea Large yellow croaker
Rachycentron canadum Cobia or Sergeantfish
Scatophagus argus Spotted scat
Sciaenops ocellatus Red drum
Seriola dumerilli Greater yellowtail
Siganus fuscescens Dusky spinefoot
S. guttaus Speckled spinefoot
S. oramin Yellow-spotted spinefoot
Sillago sihama Sand borer
S. vermiculatus Reticulated rabbiffish
Sparus sarba Silver sea bream
Takifu rubripes Tiger puffer
Terapon jarbua Three stripe tigerfish
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43
Trachinotus blochii Pompano
Re: The Drugs Successfully Used for Aquaculture (below), we plan to test their
efficacy for Any
And All Life
Table 1. Drugs Approved for Use in Aquatic Species*
Drug Species Indication
Formalin Finfish Control of certain external protozoa and
monogenetic trematodes
Finfish eggs Control of fungi of the family Saprolegniaceae
Penaeid shrimp Control of certain external parasites
Oxytetracycline Pacific salmon Marking of skeletal tissue via medicated feed
Finfish Marking of skeletal tissue via immersion
Salmonids Control of ulcer disease caused by Hemophilus
pisicium, furunculosis caused by Aeromonas
salmonicida, bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia
caused by A liquefaciens and pseudomonas
disease.
Catfish Control of bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia caused
by A liquefaciens and pseudomonas disease
Lobster Control of gaffkemia caused by Aerococcus viridans
Sulfadimethoxine/ Salmonids Control of furunculosis caused by Aeromonas
ormetoprim salmonicida
Catfish Control of enteric septicemia caused by Edwardsiella
ictaluri
Sulfamerazinet Rainbow, brook, Control of furunculosis
and brown trout
Tricaine Fish, amphibians, Temporary immobilization as an aid in handling
Methanesulfonate and other
poikilotherms
Chorionic Finfish Spawning aid
Gonadotropin
*Data from FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine Web site.7
CA 02646779 2008-11-25
44
tNot currently marketed.
Re: Sites and Some Hormones that Achieve our Desire to Mature Sperm and Eggs
and Induce
Spawning
Induction of spawning by the injection of 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid into the
coelomic cavity,
shows that the natural sperm maturation factor and spawning hormone.
Alternately females,
injected with female prostomial homogenate into the coelomic cavity induces
oocyte maturation
and subsequent spawning. Oocytes, on the other hand, although maturing in the
presence of
CMF (Coelomic Maturation Factor), do not mature in the presence of prostomial
homogenate.
Oocyte maturation and subsequent spawning is under the control of 2 hormones:
(1) a
substance from the prostomium, Prostomal Maturation Hormone (PMH), which
induces the
production of (2) CMF which acts on the oocyte. PMH is required for oocyte
maturation...
Re: Other Chemicals to be Used on any and all Life for Sexual
Maturation/Proliferation and/or
Breeding/Spawning (On Both Males and Females)
Tetracaine, procaine, propranolol, oxprenolol, lanthanum chloride, ionophore
A23187, DL-
dithiothreitol, arachidonic acid and ammonium ions (ammonium sulphate) were
also all tested
for their ability to induce maturation... Also possibly injection with 5-
hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)
into the gonads... serotonin (and any and all psychiatric drugs including
viagra and/or cialis)
can be applied to induce spawning/breeding... (We could possibly use Antho-
RFamide, a
neuropeptide situated in ciliated neurons within follicle epithelia, also
causes exfoliation of the
follicle epithelium from spawned follicles). Photoperiod/intensity augments
the potency of
Antho-RFamide. The actin-binding toxin phalloidin substantially reduced the
incidence of
Antho-Rfamide.
Re: Other Alternate Serotonin Drugs that may help Induce Spawning
Serotonin levels increase with of tryptophan. Increasing intake foods high in
tryptophan, do
affect sretonin levels due to competition with other amino acids. Stamina and
aerobic exercise
improves mood, by increasing in serotonin (endorphins?) levels. Endorphins
(endogenous
opioid polypeptide compounds). Produced by the pituitary gland and the
hypothalamus in
vertebrates during strenuous exercise, excitement,, and orgasm; and they
resemble the opiates
in their abilities to produce analgesia and a sense of well-being. Endorphins
work as "natural
fever relievers", whose effects may be enhanced by other medications. We could
increase
water flow rate and velocity and or exercise/activity that is enjoyable to the
life form then extract
the pituitary and/or hypothalamus from the exercising life form (eg.
pigs/cows/gold fish
creatures that are easy, fast and large volume...) also the sources of
endorphins, GnRH,
Pituitary and Hypothalumus... extracts from the glands of pigs/cows/gold fish
could be
prepared for extraction via Gerard Voon's patented Neural Links (12% GP) to
put the subject of
extract in a serotonin/endorphin inducing mood... and inject to make other
life (aquaculture
and/or any and all life stock farming - even as a viagra and/or feel good
supplement) mate... In
fact we could use Neural Links directly on the life forms to induce them
spawn/breed/mate/have sex (11 %)...
It is believed that a diet rich in whole grain carbohydrates and low in
protein will increase
serotonin by secreting insulin, which helps in amino acid competition. The
danger is that
increasing insulin for a long period of time can lead to insulin resistance,
which are factors for
some causes of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and even lower serotonin levels.
Furthermore that
CA 02646779 2008-11-25
muscles use many amino acids but not tryptophan, allowing men to have more
serotonin
absorption than women.
Re: Drugs that treat the Serotonin/5-HT system include - AntiDepressants
= Ambilify (Aripiprazole)
= Sertraline (Zoloft)
= Escitalopram (Lexapro)
= Fluoxetine (Prozac)
= Bupropion (Welibutrin, Zyban)
= Paroxetine (Paxil)
= Venlafaxine (Effexor)
= Trazodone (Desyrel)
= Amitriptyline (Elavil)
= Citalopram (Celexa)
= Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
= Mirtazapine (Remeron)
= Nortriptyline (Pamelor)
= Imipramine (Tofranil)
Also (concentrated extracts of) hypericum perforatum (St John's Wort)
First Generation Antipsychotics
Butyrophenones
= Haloperidol (Haldol)
Phenothiazines
= Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
= Fluphenazine (Prolixin) - Available in decanoate (long-acting) form
= Perphenazine (Trilafon)
= Prochlorperazine (Compazine)
= Thioridazine (Mellaril)
= Trifluoperazine (Stelazine)
= Mesoridazine
= Promazine
= Trrflupromazine (Vesprin)
= Levomepromazine (Nozinan)
= Promethazine (Phenergan)
Thioxanthenes
= Chlorprothixene
= Flupenthixol (Depixol and Fluanxol)
= Thiothixene (Navane)
= Zuclopenthixol (Clopixol & Acuphase)
Second generation antipsychotics
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46
= Clozapine (Clozaril) - treats schizophrenia, acute manic episodes, and
maintenance of
bipolar disorder.
= Risperidone (Risperdal) - treats Tourette Syndrome or Anxiety Disorder.
= Quetiapine (Seroquel) - Used primarily to treat bipolar disorder and
schizophrenia, and
"off-label" to treat chronic insomnia and restless legs syndrome; it is a
powerful sedative
= Ziprasidone (Geodon) - Now (2006) approved to treat bipolar disorder. Dosing
20 mg
twice daily initially up to 80 mg twice daily. Prolonged QT interval a
concern; watch
closely with patients that have heart disease; when used with other drugs that
prolong
QT interval potentially life-threatening.
= Amisulpride (Solian) - Selective dopamine antagonist. Higher doses (greater
than 400
mg) act upon post-synaptic dopamine receptors resulting in a reduction in the
positive
symptoms of schizophrenia, such as psychosis. Lower doses, however, act upon
dopamine autoreceptors, resulting in increased dopamine transmission,
improving the
negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Lower doses of amisulpride have also been
shown to have anti-depressant and anxiolytic effects in non-schizophrenic
patients,
leading to its use in dysthymia and social anxiety disorder.
= Asenapine is a 5-HT2A- and D2-receptor antagonist under development for the
treatment of schizophrenia and acute mania associated with bipolar disorder.
= Paliperidone (Invega) - Derivative of risperidone.
Third generation antipsychotics
= Aripiprazole (Abilify) - reduce susceptibility to metabolic symptoms seen in
some other
atypical antipsychotics.[41
= Dopamine partial agonists:
= Under clinical development - Bifeprunox; norclozapine (ACP-104).
Other options
= Tetrabenazine (Nitoman in Canada and Xenazine in New Zealand and some parts
of
Europe) is similar in function to antipsychotic drugs, though is not, in
general,
considered an antipsychotic itself. This is likely due to its main usefulness
being the
treatment of hyperkinetic movement disorders such as Huntington's Disease and
Tourette syndrome, rather than for conditions such as schizophrenia. Also,
rather than
having the potential to cause tardive dyskinesia, which most antipsychotics
have,
tetrabenazine can actually be an effective treatment for the condition.
= Cannabidiol One of the main psychoactive components of cannabis. A recent
study has
shown cannabidiol to be as effective as atypical antipsychotics in treating
schizophrenia.
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 agonism has been seen as a promissing
strategy in the
development of novel antipsychotics. The active metabolite of this prodrug
targets the brain
glutamate receptors mGIuR2/3 rather than dopamine receptors.
Re: Natural Humane Sources of Serotonin
Serotonin are in mushrooms and plants, including fruits and vegetables.
Particularily high
contents are present in nuts of the walnut (Juglans) and hickory (Carya)
genuses. Serotonin
are been present in plantain, pineapple, banana, kiwifruit, plums, and
tomatoes. Moderate
contents are present in a wide range of tested vegetables. It should be noted
that serotonin,
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unlike its precursors 5-HTP and tryptophan, does not cross the blood-brain
barrier. There are
plants containing serotonin together with a family of related tryptamines that
are methylated at
the amino (NH2) and hydroxy (OH) groups, are N-oxides, or miss the OH group
eg.
Anadenanthera genus that are used in the hallucinogen.
Re: Treatment For Anxiety that may help Spawning/Breeding/Mating/Sex and also
Time of
Stress for eg. Aquaculture including Transport and/or Disease and/or Majoring
Cleaning of the
Tank, Any time the Creatures Become Spooked:
Time to Elimination
Common Peak Half-Life (h)** Approximate
Drug Name IR Brand (Onset of [active Primary Effects 1 Equivalent
Names* H action in Dose*** -1
hours) pi metabolite]
Xanax,
Alprazolam Xanor, Tafil, 1-2 6-12 hours anxiolytic 0.5 mg
Alprox,
Frontal(Brazil)
Lexotanil,
Lexotan,
Bromazepam Lexomil, 1-3 10-20 hours anxiolytic 5-6 mg
Somalium,
Bromam
Librium, 5-30 hours
Chlordiazepoxide Tropium, 1.5-4 [36-200 anxiolytic 40 mg
Risolid, hours]
Klopoxid
Cinolazepam Gerodorm .5-2 9 h hypnotic 40 mg
Klonopin,
Clonazepam Klonapin, 1-4 18-50 hours anxiolytic, 0.5 mg
Rivotril, anticonvulsant
lktorivil
Cloxazolam Olcadil 2-5 (?) 18-50 hours anxiolytic, I mg
(Brazil) anticonvulsant
Clorazepate Tranxene Variable [36-100 anxiolytic, hours] anticonvulsant 15 mg
Valium,
Apzepam,
Stesolid, 20-100 hours anxiolytic,
Diazepam Vival, 1-2 [36-200] anticonvulsant, muscle 10 mg
Apozepam, relaxant
Hexalid,
Valaxona
Estazolam ProSom .5-5 10-24 h hypnotic 1-2 mg
Rohypnol, 18-26 hours
Flunitrazepam Fluscand, .5-3 [36-200 hypnotic 1 mg
Flunipam, hours]
Ronal.
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Rohydorm
(Brazil)
Dalmadorm, [40-250
Flurazepam Dalmane 1-1.5 hours] hypnotic 20-25 mg
Flutoprazepam Restas .5-9 60-90 hours hypnotic 2-3 mg
Halazepam Paxipam 1-3 [30-100 anxiolytic 20-40 mg
hours]
Ketazolam Anxon 2.5-3 30-100 hours anxiolytic 15-30 mg
[36-200]
Loprazolam Dormonoct .5-4 6-12 hours hypnotic 1-2 mg
Ativan,
Lorazepam Temesta, 2-4 10-20 hours anxiolytic,anticonvulsant 1 mg
Lorabenz
Loramet,
Lormetazepam Noctamid, .5-2 10-12 hours hypnotic 1-2 mg
Pronoctan
Medazepam Nobrium ? 36-200 hours anxiolytic 10 mg
Dormicum,
Versed, 3 hours (1.8-6
Midazolam Hypnovel, .5-1 hours) hypnotic 5-15 mg
Dormonid
(Brazil)
Nimetazepam Erimin .5-3 14-30 hours hypnotic 5 mg
Mogadon,
Nitrazepam Alodorm, .5-7 15-38 hours hypnotic 10 mg
Pacisyn,
Dumolid
Nordazepam Madar, Stilny ? 50-120 hours anxiolytic 10 mg
Seresta,
Serax,
Serenid,
Serepax,
Oxazepam Sobril, 3-4 4-15 hours anxiolytic 30 mg
Oxascand,
Alopam,
Oxabenz,
Oxapax
Phenazepam ? 1.5-4 60 hours anxiolytic, 1 mg
anticonvulsant
Pinazepam Domar ? 40-100 hours anxiolytic 20 mg
Prazepam Lysanxia, 2-6 36-200 hours anxiolytic 10-20 mg
Centrax
Premazepam 1 2-6 10-13 hours anxiolytic 3.75 mg
Quazepam Doral 1-5 39-120 hours hypnotic 20 mg
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Restoril,
Temazepam Normison, .5-3 8-22 hours hypnotic 20 mg
Euhypnos
Tetrazepam Mylostan 1-3 3-26 hours Skeletal muscle 50mg
relaxant
Triazolam Halcion, .5-2 2 hours hypnotic 0.25 mg
Rilamir
[edit] Atypical benzodiazepine receptor ligands
Common Brand Elimination Half- Approximate
Drug Name Life (h)** [active Primary Effects Equivalent
Names*
metabolite] Dose***
Clobazam Frisium, Urbanol 8-60 hours anxiolytic, 20 mg
anticonvulsant
DMCM ? ? anxiogenic, N/A, not used
convulsant therapeutically
Flumazenil Anexate, Lanexat, 1 hour antidote N/A, typical dose
Mazicon, Romazicon 0.2 - 0.6 mg
Eszopiclone**** Lunesta 6 hours hypnotic 3 mg
Zaleplon**** Sonata, Stamoc 2 hours hypnotic 20 mg
Zolpidem**** Nytamel, Stilnoct, 2 hours hypnotic 20 mg
Stilnox, Zoldem, Zolnod
Imovane, Rhovane,
Zopiclone**** Zileze; Zimoclone; 2 hours hypnotic 15 mg
Zimovane; Zopitan;
Zorclone,
Nonbenzodiazepine
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= Imidazopyridines
o zolpidem (Ambien)
o alpidem
o saripidem
o necopidem
= Pyrazolopyrimidines
o zaleplon (Sonata)
o indiplon
o ocinaplon
= Cyclopyrrolones
o eszopiclone (Lunesta)
o zopiclone (Imovane)
o pagoclone
o suriclone
o pazinaclone
o suproclone
= Other structural families
o Etffoxine
o Panadiplon
o CL-218,872
o SX-3228
o L-838,417
o RWJ-51204
o Y-23684
Growth hormone (GH) also has been identified as an oocyte survival factor
acting secondarily
to the IGF-I pathway. Gonadotropins or growth hormones may act to promote
follicle survival,
in part, by altering follicular steroidogenesis (eg. human preovulatory
follicles cultured in the
presence of IGF-I produced more estrogen and less progesterone.
Studies conducted on preovulatory follicles suggest that, without supportive
hormones such as
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and
human follicle
stimulating hormone (hFSH), cultured follicle cells will undergo apoptosis
(previous studies
have shown). Growth hormone (GH) also has been identified as an oocyte
survival factor
acting secondarily to the IGF-I pathway (previous studies). In some cases,
there is evidence
that the various gonadotropins or growth hormones may act to promote follicle
survival, in part,
by altering follicular steroidogenesis. For example, human preovulatory
follicles cultured in the
presence of IGF-I produced more estrogen and less progesterone (shown by
previous studies).
In agreement with my belief that timing/concentration (leading to - response
with sexual
stimulation; intensity - due the levels of (various environmental cues) change
in one direction
and durations versus the cue's levels of change opposite in the other
direction to create cycles
(any and all lengths; seasonal; annual), that the fish (any and all life),
naturally take in their
sexual response via genetics and/or entrainment to these environmental cues
(including
maturation (annual cycles and the duration and rate and levels of
environmental cues - some
hormonal factors such hCG, IGF-I, hFSH, GnRH) - melatonin inhibitor) and
seasonal-hormonal
responses impact on the willingness of fish and any and all life to
spawn/mate/breed/have sex)
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in response to environmental cues that cause late-cycle high of plasma E2 and
testosterone
highs may be the cause in feedback to the brain (hypothalamus, and pituitary
glands), inducing
synthesis and secretion of LH at the expense of FSH production. It is believed
that (estradiol-
17) E2 is produced in the granulosa cells by the action of the aromatase
enzyme and converts
testosterone to E2.
Circulating E2 and testosterone levels rise early in final maturation, while
the oocyte germinal
vesicle is still migrating; peak testosterone levels respond less behind peak
E2 levels.
Androgen and estrogen levels both fall coincident with the peak in circulating
E2 that is
concurrent with GVBD (shown by previous studies) artificial induction can be
accomplished
using synthetic analogue of gonadotropinreleasing hormone (GnRHa). Noted that
changes in
circulating steroid hormones rise of internal LH in the blood plasma is
induced by GnRHa (past
studies).
These observations further suggest that rises in androgen and estrogen
levels...
Fish have shown cyclic pattern of oogenesis and endocrine correlative cyclic
pattern.
Responding to such environmental cues (eg. photothermal - diurnal and seasonal
changes in
water temperature and day length) and therefore reproducing in timing cycle
that is entrained. Deposition of yolk granules in the growing oocytes is
triggered by decreasing
day length and water temperature (eg. monsoons and/or rainy season and other
environmental
factors caused by such seasons and the cues that belong to such seasonal
changes that the
fish type and entraining that they respond to). Furthermore these seasonal
related cues come
with a distinct rise in concentration of estradiol-17:1 (E2) and testosterone,
as well as Vg.
Exogenous E2 may induce hepatic vitellogenesis suggesting its role as hormone
controlling
this process.
Oocyte growth begins at deposition of lipid droplets (made of wax esters,
which are made from
circulating triglyceride precursors) /yolk protein and yolk granules in the
ooplasm. Past studies
have shown that oocyte growth is correlated to yolk protein deposition in the
yolk granule.
Ovarian follicles and vitellogenesis:
1. Theca is the outermost layer derived from stromal connective tissue and is
made up
of collagen fibers, fibroblasts, steroidogenic cells, and capillaries or other
vascular
components (according to past studies).
2. Germinal epithelium-derived follicle cells then flatten to form a singular
granulosa
cell layer under the basal lamina and on top of the cellular chorion or ZR.
3. Junctional complexes between the follicle cells allow for the extracellular
passage of
Vg, through the theca, basement membrane, granulosa cell layer, and ultimately
to
the oocyte surface.
4. The ZR then takes on a perforated form by a process known as microvillar,
which
emanate from both the oocyte and granulosa cells (also based on past studies).
Re: Krill (Zoo Plankton) Farming
In addition to any and all oily fish sued to produce healthy fish oils...
especially we are mass
producing krill and shrimp...
For their omega-3 fats, eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid
(DHA), but
hooked together in a different form...
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Fish oil is extracted from, omega-3 fatty acids are found in the triglyceride
form, while
krill/shrimp oil are hooked up in a double chain phospholipid structure.
The EPA leg phospholipid has a molecule known as astaxanthin, which is a very
potent anti-
oxidant. The phospholipid EPA and DHA in krill oil are more absorbable. Also
Krill/shrimp oil
enters more easily into the mitochondria and the nucleus membrane. Furthermore
EPA and
DHA from krill oil's phospholipid have more complex profile such as
phosphatidylcholine,
whose effect is reductive-stress-reducing choline, and also a natural
emulsifier.
Krill oil has vitamin E, vitamin A, vitamin D and canthaxanthin, like
astaxanthin. The anti-
oxidant potency of krill oil is 48 times more potent than fish oil. Aparently
it has 10 times more
antioxidant activity than beta-carotene and as much as 1,000 times more than
vitamin E.
Interestingly it is a source of alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) and a derivative,
called marine-
derived tocopherol, that has antioxidant properties than alpha-tocopherol. It
is postulated that
tocopherols enable krill survive in the cold waters. As well they have the
flavonoid luteolin. If
this theory is correct it may be the only non-plant version of the
substance... One claim of
omega-3 of krill oil is that the phospholipid content of krill oil plays a
role in omega-3 passing
through the blood-brain barrier.
If we can mass produce the krill/shrimp cheaply enough they are a rich
fertilizer, like fish
fertilizer...
Astaxanthin is used as a feed supplement for salmon, crabs, shrimp, chickens
and egg
production. Regardless of the source, astaxanthin provides some important
benefits beyond
coloration. It also has been found to be essential for proper growth and
survival.
Vitamin A
Krill Oil
Phospholipids, Omega-3 rich
Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)
Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA)
Omega-6 Fatty Acids
Astaxanthin
Transfat
Malacostraca include:
crabs, krill, pill bugs, shrimp, and relatives
Kingdom: Animalia
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Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Malacostraca
Members of this Class
UV before and/or after freezing, thaw in water prior to injection and/or
freeze dry.
A number of studies have shown that krill oil is very effective in: reducing
LDL-cholesterol,
raising HDL-cholesterol therefore cardiovascular disease; Lowering blood sugar
threfore
diabetes; Treating the pain; Inflammation from rheumatoid arthritis (therefore
see list of
inflamatory diseases pages 23 to 25) and Aches and pains (therefore as an pain
releiver eg.
substitite for tylenol/aspirin...), PMS and dysmenorrhea, adult ADHD; Healthy
brain and
nervous system neurodegenerative diseases and It also crosses the blood-brain
barrier, which
makes it available to the eye, brain and central nervous system to alleviate
oxidative stress that
contributes to ocular, and neurodegenerative diseases such as glaucoma and
Alzheimer's;
Healthy liver function; Improved immune function; Concentration and memory;
Healthy joints.
Astaxanthin is potent antioxidant, it may be beneficial in cardiovascular,
immune, inflammatory
and neurodegenerative diseases. Research supports the assumption that it
protects body
tissues from oxidative damage.
Cod Liver versus Fish Oils are: More efficiently and more easily absorbed;
Superior antioxidant
protection; Can be renewable; Does not oxidize.
Re: Any and All Shrimp especially Krill Maturation and Spawning
We plan to use all the aquaculture (fish, crayfish/crawdads - arthropods,
amphbians, any and
all life) environmental (eg. page 1 point 6. and Re: Growth and Maturation and
Re; Spawning)
including temperature/PH/DH and any and all environmental conditions shock,
filtration of
seawater and/or (eg. simulate annual seasons - including monsoon season); most
important is
photoperiod (melatonin might be used to alternate use during winter and non-
use during the
longer lighting summer) length of daylight and (also variation in intensity
and/or light pulses)
relative to the length of darkness), proper stimulation olfactory organs, FEO
(food entrained
oscillator... proper stimulation of taste buds, food availability; water
temperature; water flow rate
(activity - possible impacts on metabolism )(velocity m/sec - flooding and
water currents);
pH/DH (water hardness); Dissolved Oxygen (mg/I); Free carbon-dioxide (mg/I);
Total alkalinity
(mg/i); Chlorides (mg/I); TDS (mg/I); DOM (mg/I); Specific conductivity
(mhos)/25C, some
believe in the cycles of the moon, atmospheric pressure, availability and
desired quality types
based on the fish type of spawning substrate, availability of aquatic plants,
sticks, gravel, and
safe nooks and crannies, nutrition, and the presence of other fish.. .The
effects of these
external factors on the blood concentrations of substances (eg. exercise and
activity and
changes in PH/DH ...and/or melatonin antagonists) could be used together with
GnRH,
gonadotrophin, vitamin A (beta carotene), retinoic acid, for maturing the
gametes which is
absolutely necessary for spawning/mating/sexual intercourse/breeding to result
in healthy
embryos (mitosis/meiosis)...
We plan to mass produce the krill using the above breeding/spawning
techniques.
CA 02646779 2008-11-25
54
One spawning method is shrimp eyestalk ablation.
We could try to grow (regenerate) the bioreactors (proliferate via ECM and/or
HOX), we could
even slice the krill to a survivable cellular colonies (maybe with a threshing
machine with very
small and fine and sharp blades) and regrow them via regeneration ECM/HOX and
other
technologies Gerard Voon has patented, whereby the cells are constantly
renewed as an
altenative artificial maturation and spawning techniques covered in this
patent. (Jeff 30 of 35%)
Krill can be harvested and processed for their protein (40% or more of dry
weight) and lipids
(about 20% in E. superba). Their exoskeleton for chitin, hydrolytic enzymes
such as proteases,
carbohydrases, nucleases and phospholipases, found in their digestive gland in
the
cephalothorax of the krill; these enzymes might be usable in producing
biomass, bio fuel and
bio crops ethanol...
Other uses include krill pastes or processed krill as food additives, e.g. in
the form of krill oil gel
capsules.
Krill are used as pastes, for food addictives oil gel in capsules enzymes,
necrotic tissue and
chemonucleolytic agents.
Their oils can be used as biofuel...
Algae
Algae belong to a group of micro organisms known as protists. Crypthecodinium
cohnil and
Schizochytrium are two strains/varieties of algae currently employed for
supplements of
omega-3. They are proliferated in fermenters under specific environmental
conditions. When
ready the algae are dried and oil separated. By creating a closed system oil
from the algae is
contaminants free and monoculture.
Fish oil or krill oil, both have EPA and DHA, algae has the DHA. The organisms
that feed on
the algae retroconvert some DHA back to EPA, although more direct EPA is often
needed...
However, research suggests that DHA may be the more critical of the two omega-
3s for certain
health benefits, especially for infants.
DHA from algae was more positive in its effects on the growth of colon cancer
cells in mice
than EPA, 90 percent less tumor growth. Reducing platelet aggregation or
lowering blood
cholesterol as combinations of EPA and DHA from fish oils. Depression may also
be
associated with reduced blood levels of omega-3 fatty acids and or Omega-6...
Phytoplankton
Krill probably react (spawn/sexually triggered/mate/breed in response
regulated to the
environmental sensitivities in height and duration to the developing cycle of)
the Pacific
upwelling of cool waters in spring that supports the (especially sensitive to
availability - eg.
feeding food frenzy of clouds of phytoplankton) and nutritional and/or odour
and/or taste and/or
energy associated with phytoplankton bloom. Therefore the timing (entrained,
genetically
versus glandular recall) bloom is linked with the hatching of krill eggs.
CA 02646779 2008-11-25
Re: Micro organisms Including Diatoms And Phytoplankton Have the Following
Benefits to the
Life that Feed on It (Shrimp and/or Krill above Especially feed on
Phytoplanktoon).
= immune system enhancement
= general nutrition - provide ultra-potent lipids to enhance
brain function
= energy - increases energy and vitality
= promotes better sleep - more restful and restorative
= antioxidant protection from cancers and degenerative
diseases
= cardiovascular health - supports a healthy heart
= blood pressure control
= cholesterol reduction
= liver health - supports a healthy liver
= neurological support - mental alertness, ADHD,
Parkinsons, and general dementia
= alkalizing - the balancing of body pH away from unhealthy
excess acidicity
= anti-inflammatory effects on membranes - promotes relief
from joint pain
= cell wall improvement through increased permeability and
flexibility
= detoxification and cleansing - supports removal of toxins
from cells and organs
= skin care - such as acne, psoriasis, dermatitis
= better vision - more effective than Lutein
= blood sugars - stabilizes blood sugar levels (aids those
who are diabetic or hyperglycemic)
= supports weight loss
Re: Factors that Diatoms/Phytoplankton/Plankyton/Zooplankyton/Micro Organisms
that are
Needed for them to Thrive
Most needed seems to be iron... others include temperature, salanity,
transmissivity
(suspended particulates), oxygen, nitrate, phosphate, silicate, CO2 partial
pressure, PH, iron
binding ligands...All plants benefit from active nitrate reductase, and the
ability for nitrogen
fixation makes them good to fertilize hydroponic waters...
The most proliferate are the heterotrophic bacteria, ciliates, and
flagellates... We are studying
their genes 1. to determine the genes responsible for their rapid
proliferation, to insert these
genes into cow/pig/chicken... via ovary/testes precusor and gamete cells to
mass produce their
meat, and/or we could insert these genes responsible for rapid proliferating
into micro
organisms that have strong enzymes (eg. from termites) for ethanol production,
perhaps cutting
the processing time and making the process easier. On the other hand we could
insert DNA
and/or plasmid into and either pre genetically altered such as enucleated to
be compatible with
human DNA/plasmid (so these micro organisms: heterotrophic bacteria, ciliates,
and
flagellates) can reproduce with eg. human DNA, for future extarction into stem
cells seed DNA
and/or any other uses for any and all life DNA... These procedures with these
micro organisms,
CA 02646779 2008-11-25
56
can also be used with nitrogen fixing with healthy fertility increasing
microorganisms in soil,
compost and/or mushrooms, any and all life (especially cells) that we want to
mass produce
rapidly (harnesssing the rapid rate of proliferation of these heterotrophic
bacteria, ciliates, and
flagellates)...
Diatoms Include
= Diatom A cont. C cont.
A = Attheya longicornis = Chaetocerotaceae
= Attheya septentrionalis = Clepsydra (genus)
= Asterionella = Auxospore = Coscinodiscineae
= Attheya
= Attheya arenicola B D
= Attheya armata
= Attheya decora = Bacteriastrum = Didymosphenia geminata
= Attheya flexuosa = Biddulphiineae
= Attheya gaussii F
C
= Frustule
= Centrales
= Chaetoceros P
= Chaetoceros diadema
= Chaetoceros furcellatus = Pennales
= Phaeodactylum tricornutum
Pinnularia
T
= Thalassiosira pseudonana
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57
We can collect diatoms resting spores shallower floors/beds of water...
scooping the resting
spores versus trying to reach them in deeper waters. We will grow them
including krill by
putting silicon, nitrogen, phosphorus and iron and adjusting temperatures - we
could grow
them with hay fusion, filamentous algae, cladophora, vaucheria ... also
dphania and brine
shrimp. When it comes time for the Krill to spawn we control the the
conditional factors
including providing an abundance of food and we move them to a deeper pen...
Re: Easy to Grow Sources of Protein Supplements
1. Proteins extracted from Earth Worms and/or grubs - freeze dried/powdered.
2. Proteins extracted from ants, crushed/pulverized (their exoskeleton perhaps
dissolved in acid and/or enzymes as long as the method of removing the
exoskeleton - if need be at all does devalue the protein desired) frozen
and/or
freeze dried.
3. These ants and eartheworms can be fed sugar and/or restaurant waste
(shredded).
4. They can all be treated to UV then (eg. flash frozen) frozen and then UV
again then
thawed and fed as protein.
5. We could add algae taste and/or smell to make the above sources of food
more
appetizing (pellets).
Since these sources of protein are so cheap, as an alternate for human
supplements/additive (pills/capsules/powder), for animal feed and/or any and
all fish feed.
And or pwdered and fed to animal meat in bioreactors to mass produce mass
amounts of
meat cheaply, or as fertilizer and also to gro fat cells (from eg. seals,
whales and walruses)
to produce biofuel and also a delicacy (GP 0.5%).
Re: Micro organisms
Lacto Bacillius and/or Actinomycetes, diatoms... both of which are
photosynthetic bacterias -
which can be used for pre digestion of feed for any and all creatures - making
the food more
nutritional. Lacto Bacillus also produces lactic acid from sugars,
carbohydrates and yeast
(which sterilizes - we could produce antibacterial hand washes/antibacterial
wet
tissues/gels... lactic acid could also possibly mixed with chitin and/or
furanone - anti agent
used against harmful organisms), lactic acid also ferments and decomposes
lignin and
cellulose, which can be used for any and all biocrops to turn into ethanol.
Re: Biofiims/Quorum Sensing - believed to be sensed via pheromone and/or
autoinducers by
secreting signal molecules; cell to cell signaling
We could possibly use genes that govern high virulence (eg. E.Coli)and
genetically Modify into
cows/pigs/chickens/fish meats such that we can clone fast growing life forms
but also the
meats for food. Also we could use biofilm/quorum sensing for yeast, bacteria
in cow' s mouth
(that produces methane - for fuel), micro organisms found in a cow's/horses'/
gut for cellulose
(eg. hay) processing - fermentation (and their enzymes), micro organisms for
compost,
sewage, manure, restaurant waste, possibly garbage waste; by adding sugar we
turn soils
fertile ... these materials can be (thoroughly/evenly/strategically) mixed
with
sugar/carbohydrates/starch is such a way that the clusters of waste that are
easier to
breakdown need less sugar, while the clusters of waste that are harder to
breakdown need the
supplement of higher concentration of sugar/carbohydrates/starch to give the
micro organisms
CA 02646779 2008-11-25
58
energy and vitality together with adequate biofilm/quorum sensing for the
micro organisms to
flourish.
The following (below) suggests that there are many factors affecting micro
organism in the
blood stream or occupying infected cells, actually some similarity to fish
(any and all life) and
their responses to contents (and concentration) and conditions in the water
(medium)...We are
using melatonin antagonist for micro organisms that are light sensitive, we
also will control any
and all environment factors (the same as in fish maturation) in cycles (tall
rise and fall of and
timing that cause cycle and durational changes), as well as the hypothalamus
and pituitary
gland hormones (and all their analogues) as well as LH... We could also try
viagra, cialis,
LHRHa (with dopamine agonist), Beta Carotene, (Vitamin A), retinoic acid,
water melon rind,
Kapok (Ceiba pentandra) bark....
Re: Regulation of virulence (Cited Prof. Dr. Hubert Hilbi, SSO4) - Most of
which is well known
and widely available in other Studies
= DNA structure and transcription factors
= Environment
- temperature, pH, ions, osmolarity, oxygen, nutrients
= Host cells
- contact
- intracellular environment
= Cell density (quorum sensing)
- autoinducer systems
- processes (bioluminescence, biofilm, virulence)
= Genome structure and topology
= Environment
- temperature, growth phase, pH, ions, osmolarity,
oxygen, nutrients
= Host cells
- secretion-dependent regulation
- intracellular environment (macrophages, amoebae)
= Cell density (quorum sensing)
- autoinducer systems
- processes (bioluminescence, virulence, biofilm)
Ceiba pentandra bark is believed to be diuretic, aphrodisiac, and to treat
headache, as well as
type II diabetes. We could test the effectiveness and isolate the active
ingredient then
commercially make the active ingredient(s) available.
Re: Photoperiod and the Natural Production and Injested Vitamin D
Tissues in the body convert Vitamin (via receptors and enzymes), from Vitamin
D; 25-
hydroxyvitamin D and/or 25(OH) into active ; 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.
Vitamin D interacts with 200 genes.
We are particularity interested in smooth muscle growth (as a perhaps cyclical
response in
coordination with the seasonal light and dark photoperiods) - thus the level,
timing of change,
steadyness (not too volatile versus times when is needs to be volatile to
induce the eg. fish
CA 02646779 2008-11-25
59
(any and all life)), of rate of change the duration it prolongs the high and
lows in mimicing or
even find a cyclical combination that works even better for sexual maturation
and/or
spawning/breeding/sex/mating ... if the postulation in the paragraph below is
correct than it
might help any and all tissue not only including the testes and the ovaries
but all life and their
body parts, including stem cells in Gerard Voon's bioreactor ... Perhaps the
ability of Vitamin D
to help those with dysfunctioning Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) may help
growth, sexual
maturation and sex/mating/breeding/spawning...
An interesting postulation is that Vitamin D may be released naturally into
the organism during
Photoperiod (response to sun light), and therefore may play an opposite role
than melatonin
(released in darkness). Thus Vitamin D may play a role in sexual maturity and
growth...
We testing the effectiveness of Vitamin D on any and all (anti inflammatory)
of the below
diseases:
Cardiovascular Blood Pressure
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
Interstitial Cystitis (IC)
Fibromyalgia (FM)
Autonomic nervous dysfunction (AND neural-mediated hypotension);
Pyoderma Gangrenosum (PG)
Chronic Fatigue (CF) and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS).
Chronic hepatitis
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Arthritis
Thyroidosis
Scleroderma
Diabetes mellitus
Graves' disease
Beschet's disease and
Graft versus host disease (graft rejection).
Chronic inflammatory pathologies such as aneurysms
Hemorrhoids
Sarcoidosis
Chronic inflammatory bowel disease
Ulcerative colitis
Crohn's disease and vascular inflammatory pathologies
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Atherosclerosis
Kawasaki's pathology
Coronary artery disease
Hypertension
Stroke
Asthma
Chronic hepatitis
Multiple sclerosis
Peripheral neuropathy
Chronic or recurrent sore throat
Laryngitis
CA 02646779 2008-11-25
Tracheobronchitis
Chronic vascular headaches (including migraines
Cluster headaches and tension headaches) and pneumonia
Neurodegenerative diseases including
Demyelinating diseasessuch as multiple sclerosis and acute transverse
myelitis;
Extrapyramidal and cerebellar disorders such as lesions of the corticospinal
system;
Disorders of the basal ganglia or cerebellar disorders;
Hyperkinetic movement disorders such as Huntington's Chorea and senile chorea;
Drug-induced movement disorders such as those induced by drugs which block CNS
dopamine receptors;
Hypokinetic movement disorders
such as Parkinson's disease;
Progressive supranucleo palsy;
Cerebellar and Spinocerebellar Disorders such as astructural lesions of the
cerebellum;
Spinocerebellar degenerations (spinal ataxia)
Friedreich's ataxia
Cerebellar cortical degenerations
Multiple systems degenerations (MencelDejerine-Thomas
Shi-Drager and Machado Joseph)); and systemic disorders (Refsum's disease
Abetalipoprotemia, ataxia telangiectasia and mitochondrial multi-system
disorder);
Demyelinating core disorders such as:
Multiple sclerosis
Acute transverse myelitis;
Disorders of the motor unit such as neurogenic muscular atrophies (anterior
horn cell
degeneration) such as
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Infantile spinal muscular atrophy and juvenile spinal muscular atrophy);
Alzheimer's disease;
Down's Syndrome in middle age;
Diffuse Lewy body disease; Senile Dementia of Lewy body type;
Wemicke-Korsakoff syndrome;
Chronic alcoholism;
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease;
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
Hallerrorden-Spatz disease; and
Dementia pugilistica
Malignant pathologies involving tumors or other malignancies such as:
Leukemias (acute chronic myelocytic
chronic lymphocytic and/or myelodyspastic syndrome);
Lymphomas (Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas such as malignant lymphomas
(Burkitt's lymphoma or Mycosis fungoides));
Carcinomas (such as colon carcinoma) and metastases thereof;
Cancer-related angiogenesis;
Infantile hemangiomas;
Alcohol-induced hepatitis.
Ocular neovascularization
Psoriasis
Duodenal ulcers
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61
Other diseases that we are testing for effectiveness include parkinsons,
diabetes, osteoporosis,
multiple sclerosis, breast cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer, autoimmune
disease,
cardiovascular (blood clotting - posssibly in gel, powder or imbedded in gauze
(perhaps with
antibacterials such as furanone and/or chitin) to an open wound to prevent
bleeding to death
and then apply a layer of ECM/HOX for regeneration assuming that the wound is
not too
severe - in which case it may be better to grow an entire new limb using the
ECM scaffolding
and stem cells of a recently deceased body part donor disease), any and all
sexually
transmitted diseases, herpes... hepatitus, skin problems eg. serious acne, any
and all skin
conditions, depression, schizophrenia, seasonal affective disorder, peripheral
artery disease,
tuberculosis, cancer, periodontal disease, multiple sclerosis,...
Using all our Gerard Voon's patented inventions (Methods and Techniques,
Models) Titled:
BioScience and all the above: Fish liver oils, including cod liver oil, Fatty
fish species, Herring,
Catfish, Salmon, cooked, Mackerel, Sardines, canned in oil, Tuna, canned in
oil, Eel, One
whole egg (perhaps more duck eggs because of their oiliness).
EPA healthy heart - healthy body
Promotes a healthy heart and circulatory system
Supports healthy homocysteine levels
Supports proper immune function
Promotes good mood and emotional well-being
Supports joint flexibility
DHA healthy mood - healthy mind
Essential for memory, cognitive function, 'learning and focus
Supports a healthy pregnancy
Promotes good mood and emotional well-being
Reduces harmful effects of stress
Supports the visual and brain development of fetus' and infants
GIA healthy skin & hair - healthy hormones
Promotes beneficial prostaglandins that maintain hormonal balance
Provides a "feel good" effect, improves mood
Nourishes hair and skin
Supports joint flexibility
Promotes normal body fat metabolism
Vitamin D Receptor will be used to help us in cell proliferation and/or
differentiation (from stem
cells to any and all life as well as micro organisms). We will also use its
properties via Gerard
Voon's patented stem cells to immune cells (adjuvant and immune cells priming
as a serum for
diseses with antigens or unchanging intracellular proteins - for harmful
diseases that mutate
their cellular antigens on their membranes; or just fortify the immune
response during disease
out break), Vitamin D is also involved in white blood cells eg. monocytes and
activated T and B
cells.
Re: Waterboume mirco organisms (eg. diatoms) could be added with sugar (in its
various
forms).. .white rice... to Hydronics ... and any and all mediums.
The waterbourne micro organisms (eg. diatoms), can break down
ammonia/nitrates/urea/sugars/carbohydrates/sewage/detritus/hay
fusion/compost/tea
manure... in the hydroponic media... to make the water fertile for plants and
algae...
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62
Re: Drawing 1. - Tall Greenhouse Solar and Mirror Invention
1. Solar Panels on the roof of the Greenhouse.
2. Mirrors on the bottom ceiling to catch reflected light from angled mirrors
surrounding th
greenhouse.
3. The greenhouse plants space.
4. The mirrors angled to aim sun's light at the mirrors in the ceiling
(possibly parabolic).
The reason the greenhouse is so tall is to allow surrounding mirrors further
out to also aim and
reach the ceiling...
Re: Cure for Baldness and Fur Industry
We take a newly deceased donor, we take off the scalp (and follicular skin
below) hair and/or
fur and all and treat its raw side with ECM/HOX (Jeff 20% of 35%) any and all
proliferating
factors and/or flush the skin/flesh under the hair/fur with deterregent and
until only the ECM
sccafold remains add stem cells from the own patient (to avoid rejection) (to
grow a whole new
scalp with hair/fur or in the case of fur, we could cut off the top skin for
fur/skin... (also
aligators/crocodiles and/or eels...) while leaving the bottom layer of
follicle base behind that we
expose ECM/HOX (Jeff 10% of 35%) and/or any and all proliferation factors to
regenerate the
fur for human bald patients we then operate on the patient to either descalp
and/or
dermabrasion the patient's upper layer of then attach the new scalp to the
bald patient.
