Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR DRY APPLICATION OF MASCARA
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to cosmetic compositions for eyelashes
and
methods for applying the cosmetic compositions to eye lashes.
B.WK(3ROUND OE THE INNENTEOT.ri.
Conventional mascara formulations are wet or moist suspensions that are
typically in
the form of a thick paste that must be applied to the eye lashes of a person
using a brush or
comb applicator. Mascara compositions of the prior art may be characterized
under ambient
conditions as. Newtonian or non-NeWtonian (to include psendoplastic and
dilitant thuds)
depending On the product attributes desired. These mascara formulations can be
messy and
difficult to apply. The mascara is loaded on to a brush applicator that is
then brought into
contact with the lashes to transfer the mascara to the eye lashes. Typically,
this application
process is repeated many times or teased to achieve the desired effect, the
process being
tedious and. time consuming, often resulting in accidental deposition of
product either in the
eye or on the skin of the eye lids or face requiring corrective measures. Upon
proper
application, the mascara. is then allowed to dry on the eyelashes. During the
drying or curing
period the composition can and will transfer from the lashes if contacted
leading to further
corrective measures and in some cases re-application of product.
This method of application requires a steady hand and. must be done in a
stAtionaty
environment to avoid smudging of the mascara to other parts of the face or
clothing.
Moreover, the application of makara using a brush applicator with bristles in
clOse proximity
to the eye can be intimidating and may dissuade persons from using mascara.
Persons with
poor eyesight or poor hand-eye coordination either have a very difficult time
using mascara
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pro-ducts or abstain from using such products. Using conventional mascara
products and
methods of application, it is not possible or very difficult to impart desired
visual effects to
the eye lashes, such as patterns or designs. Therefore, there is a need for an
improved.
mascara .formulation and a method of mascara application that avoids these
problems.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a composition and a method for the application
of a
thy or solid mascara formulation to eye lashes. The object of the inventiOn is
to provide an
improved composition and method for the .application a dry mascara formulation
to eye
lashes, delivering an instant effect The present invention provides a simple
and effective dry
application technique that avoids the disadvantages of conventional mascara
application
formulations and application techniques. The method and composition described
allow the
application of mascara .with various patterns or designs to .be applied to the
eye lash, which.
are difficult: or not possible with conventional mascara formulations or
application methods;
.Furthermore, .the method and composition allow for An instant effect.
1.5 In
another embodiment, a thy mascara .formulation is provided that may be
deposited.
on a planar substrate and transferred to the eye lashes from the substrate by
putting the
formulation in contact with the eye lashes.
In one embodiment, a mascara application system is provided comprising a first
substrate material which acts as a carrier for the mascara formulation., a dry
mascara
formulation and a second substrate material placed on top of the mascara
formulation.
In yet another embodiment, a mascara application system is provided by a
layered.
system comprising a backing ........................................... one
or more adhesives, a patterned ink layer, and a
transfer film layer, as well as a multitude of optional layers.
In another embodiment, a method for the application of dry mascara to eye
lashes is
provided, comprising contacting the eye lashes with a dry mascara formulation
positioned on
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a carrier substrate and optionally applying pressure, beat, light Or a
combination thereof, to
the mascara formulation or substrate to transfer the mascara to the eye lash.
The invention enables mascara with various patterns, designs or effects to be
easily
and effectively applied to the eye lash to achieve a desired eye lash
appearance. Furthermore,
patterns and designs may be super imposed upon one another to deliver
dimensional effects.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1. Figure 1 depicts the application tool pressed against a
set of
eyelashes with the eyelashes disposed over the surface of the applicator, such
that when a
cosmetic composition or other composition is present on the surface of the
applicator, it is
transferred upon the application of pressure, to the eyelashes. Various non-
limiting effects
which are achievable are also illustrated.
Figure 2, Figure 2 shows an example of one possible application
tool fir the
application of a dry mascara formulation.
Figure 3, Figure shows various dry mascara patterns that may be
deposited
on a carrier substrate.
Figure 4. Figure 4 shows various mascara effects that may be
accomplished
by the dry mascara formulation and method of application.
Figure 5. Figure 5 illustrates a range of eye lash coverage and
special effects
that may be accomplished by the dry mascara formulation and method of
application.
Figure 6. Figure illustrates eye lashes with mascara that incorporates a
glitter material.
Figure7. Figure 7 illustrates one embodiment of a simple layer
system for
delivering mascara according to the invention.
Figure 8, Figure 8 illustrates one embodiment of a mascara delivery
system
according to the invention.
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Figure 9. Fiore 9 shows two scanning electron microscope (SEN)
scans of
one possible configuration of dots. The scan on the right is a magnification
of one of the
dots in the scan to the lefi. The dots are approximately 0.2 mm (or 200 um) in
diameter.
Figure 10. Figure 10 illustrates one embodiment according to the
invention
wherein the product is provided with a backing sheet and a transfer sheet,
wherein the
cosmetic product is sandwiched or housed between these two layers. The backing
sheet
and transfer sheet are pulled in opposing directions such that the backing
sheet is peeled
away, and upon removal exposes an adhesive layer bearing a plurality of
microdots; On
contact with an eyelash, the adhesive adheres to the eyelash and affixes
thereto the
microdots. The transfer sheet is then pealed away from the eyelash leaving the
microdots
deposited on the aforementioned eyelash
Figure 1L Figure 11 illustrates one implementation of a product
according to the
invention which comprises a folded sheet having disposed on at least one inner
surface a
cosmetic product. The product may comprise a pressure sensitive ink on the
outer surface
which indicates when sufficient pressure has been applied to transfer the
cosmetic to the
eyelashes.
Figure 12. Haire 12 illustrates various patterns in which the
cosmetic
composition may be applied or printed onto the product. As illustrated, tiled
hexagon
patterns of hexagonal "dots".provide for the most efficient transfer to the
eyelashes, whereas:
lines of cosmetic are less efficiently transferred.
Figure 13. Figure 13 illustrates two embodiments of applicator
devices according
to the inventions In embodiment "a" the product is loaded into a recess kmed
between two
rigid plate-like members, which may have a slightly arched configuration
according to the
contours of the eyelids. In operation the user applies force to a lever which
brings together
the plates to provide the necessary pressure to transfer the cosmetic to the
eyelashes. In
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embodiment "b" the product is, held in a recess formed between a terminal end
(-lithe device.
and the edge of a solid member slidably disposed in the device, such that the
slidable member
may be moved toward the terminal end of the device to engage the product and
create
sufficient pressure to transfer the cosmetic to the eyelashes,
Figure 14. Figure 14 illustrates four embodiments of the invention, wherein
the
cosmetic product: is disposed on the backing layer as a plurality Of
microdots, a color gradient
along line 14, a color gradient perpendicular to line I-1, and a plurality of
lines along line
DETAIL:v:0 DESCREPTION OF THE NVENBON
The present invention provides new compositions and products for applying
cosmetics to the eyelashes and methods for applying the compositions to the
eyelashes The
products comprise,.comptiCs for the eyelashes (e.g,, mascara) that differ from
conventional
cosmetics of this type in that they are provided in a substantially solid
form. Compositions of
the present invention will come to the consumer as a peel and stick type
product. Such
compositions may employ powders, solid, semi-solids, or combinations therea
but are not
viscous liquids or pastes like conventional mascara products.
In a further departure from conventional products the present invention may be
produced by one or more printing processes. That is the present invention may
be a printed
pattern of virtually any dimension and or design. Furthermore, the present
invention may
consist of or manifest :itself as a single dot or set of dots combined to
deliver a desired effect.
The term dot shall be used as a general descriptive term from this point
forward, however the
term dot may represent a myriad of possible shapes. For example, shapes would
includ.e but
not be limited to (Aides, triangles, stars consisting, of at least two points,
squares; rectangles,
rhombohedrons, pentagons, hexagons, octagons and so on. The printing processes
include
but are not limited to lithographic pres';s, flexography, xerographic or laser
printing, release
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coating, digital print, ink jet format, and totograyttre or screen printing.
The compositions of
the present invention are considered to be instant, that is no manipulation or
drying time is
needed to gain the desired effect.
The compositions and methods of the present invention may be realized, for
example,
in the following manner. Referring now to figure 7, one embodiment of the
product of the
present invention can be described aS a simple layer system. The inventive
cosmetic product
may be comprised of a backing film or protective layer upon which an adhesive
layer has
been placed. The next layer would be the colorant or printed image being fully
incorporated
or embedded into the aforementioned adhesive layer and the final layer would
be a transfer
film material made of a suitable material, such as paper, plastic, or a
combination thereof_ In
this configuration, the backing layer serves as a disposable substrate to
protect the adhesive
front contamination or premature dry-out prior to use. The adhesive is
employed to adhere
the colorant or printed image onto the eyelashes as well as affix the cosmetic
composition to
the backing film and the transfer film prior to use. The transfer film holds
the cosmetic
composition and acts as an applicator of sorts for applying the composition to
the eyelashes.
The transfer film is then peeled away after the composition is positioned and
the adhesion
mechanism is tringered. The cosmetic composition may be applied to the
adhesive/backing
material by any suitable method such as printing or the like and may be
provided as uniform
coating or may be disposed thereon. in a pattern.
Typically, the backing film acts as a protective shield for the adhesive, It
comprises
materials that have some affinity for the adhesive such that the adhesive
sticks to the backing
film, but that the Nicking film IS easily teititived The transfer film or
sheet serVeS as an
anchor for one side or a portion of the cosmetic composition prior to use.
Additionally, the
adhesive is used to affix the CoSitetie composition to the eyelashes upon uSe
and is typically a
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pressure sensitive adhesive, which provides sufficient stihstantivity to hold
the cosmetic:
composition on the eyelashes for as long as the effect is desired by the
consumer.
The product will typically also comprise a backing film of thin plastic or
paper
material, preferably transparent plastic such as clear polypropylene Or Mylat.
, which covers
and protects the cosmetic composition prior to use. The backing film should be
removable by
peeling without substantially disrupting the composition. The covering layer
may be held in
place by adhesive On the periphery or corners of the backing layer or by any
other suitable
means.
Referring now to figure 8, one embodiment of the product of the present
invention
can be described in greater detail as a more complex layered system. The
carrier layer or
.protective non-stick layer is in direct contact with the adhesive layer or
layers. This carrier
layer may be a material such as blaxially-orientated polyethylene
terephdialate polyester film
(Mylar1), in direct contact with the adhesive layer opposite to the carrier
may be a sealing
layer to protect the colorant or printed pattern layer. A suffice preparation
layer comprising
polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrollidone, gelatine or combinations thereof and
a second
sealing layer sandwiches the patterned ink or colorant layer in. These sealing
layers may be a
varnish comprised of a drying oil, a resin and a solvent. Next is a release
coating layer
comprised of non-stick silicone or mixtures of silicones which allows the
composition to
separate from the backing or second carrier. An optional sizing agent may be
employed to
modify the stiffness or texture of the backing or second carrier which is
comprised of paper,
plastic or a combination thereof, Both carriers are designed to peel away, the
first carrier is
protective in nature and when removed eNpOses the adhesiw that anchors the
composition to
the eyelashes. The second carrier acts as an applicator or sons and is peeled
away after the
composition is secured to the target substrate in this case the eyelashes.
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To apply the:composition to tho eyelashes,. the user Ili% removes the
protective layer
from the product:, if present, to expose the cosmetic composition. The backing
layer is then
folded over the eyelashes such that the composition is deposited On the top
and/or bottom of
the lashes, as illustrated in Figure 2. The backing layer may be provided with
perforations or
folds roughly in the middle of the sheet to facilitate folding. The
composition transfers from
the backing layer to the lashes on contact therewith, preferably through the
application of
pressure, such as by squeezing the folded backing layer with the fingers or
with a specialized
apparatus adapted to receive the folded product. Optionally, the backing
layer, application
tool of the composition itself may contain an indicator to alert the user as
to when the
appropriate conditions have been achieved for adequate deposition. Said
indicator may
manifest itself by a visual or tactile mode The transfer may by improved by
the application
of heat, which is contemplated to reduce the force needed to remove the
composition from
the backing layer and transfer it onto the lashes, The product may be pre-
heated using a
hairdryer or the like or the specialized apparatus mmiy. be adapted to heat
the backing material
during application. The backing material is then removed from the lashes by
releasing the
applied pressure. Optionally, the product or the lashes may be wetted to
assist in removal.
The invention described herein avoids the disadvantages of conventional
mascara
formulations and application techniques by applying a dry mascara formulation
to eye lashes
using a new dry transfer method of application. The dry mascara application
method
described herein does not include the use of a conventional brush applicator
to apply wet or
moist mascara formulation by brushing the eyelashes. Further, the invention
enables a wide
variety Of aesthetic effects (pattop, designs etc.) which are difficult or not
.posSible with
conventional mascara,
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The adhesive may also be infused within or make up part of the cosmetic
composition
or a combination of sprayed on the composition as well as being infused with
or make up part
of the composition.
Referring now to Figure 1, one embodiment of the product of the invention is
illustrated with eyelashes superimposed over the lower portion thereof. There
is essentially
no constraint on the shape of the backing layer, although at least one edge is
preferably
provided with a concave curvature substantially matching the curvature of the
eyelid such
that when the product is placed against the lashes, maximum coverage is
obtained, as
illustrated in Figure 1. The opposing edge of the product may also be
similarly configured
such that when the product is folded over to encase the lashes, the top and
bottom of the
lashes each receive maximum coverage.
The backing layer may be composed of any suitable material such that it can be
folded without breaking, including without limitation, polypropylene, acetate,
polystyrene, or
paper. In a currently preferred embodiment, the backing layer is a clear,
flexible material.
The backing layer may be coated or laminated with an adhesive layer to improve
adherence of the cosmetic composition thereto. Any adhesive that is suitable
for cosmetic or
medical use may be used. Adhesives include but are not limited to silicone
adhesives, natural
rubber adhesives, styrene/butadiene latex-based adhesives, butyl rubber and
polyisobutylene
adhesives, acrylic adhesives, vinyl ether adhesives, glues, bioadhesives,
thermoplastic
adhesives, thermosetting adhesives, elastomers, reactive adhesives, and the
like. The
adhesive may be, for example, a pressure sensitive adhesive, including without
limitation, a
heat or ultraviolet curable polymeric material. Rubber-based adhesives include
those
described in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,289,478.
Acrylic adhesives include those described in U.S. Patent No. 3,008,850 and
U.S.
Patent No. 3,924,044. The
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adhesives may further comprise a tackifying agent to adjust the adhesive
properties. Acrylic
pressure sensitive adhesives include those available from 3MTm under the trade
designation
3MTm 9472 laminating adhesive.
The adhesive may be applied uniformly over one surface of the backing layer or
may
be printed on the backing layer in a pattern or design such that when the
cosmetic product is
deposited on the backing layer, it adheres predominantly to the adhesive and
thus mirrors the
printed pattern of the adhesive. In this manner a wide variety of aesthetic
effects are
achievable.
A key component of the inventive products is the cosmetic composition which is
provided on the backing layer in substantially dry form. The cosmetic
composition may
comprise any ingredients conventionally included in cosmetic products,
particularly
mascaras, with the proviso that the nature of the ingredients and/or the
amounts employed are
selected such that the finished cosmetic product is substantially dry. Thus,
the cosmetic
compositions may include colorants (pigments, lakes, dyes, and inks),
pearlescent agents,
glittering agents, fillers, film-formers, emollients, humectants, surface-
active agents, oils,
solvents, thickeners, structuring agents, viscosity modifiers and the like.
The dry cosmetic composition may include an adherent (binder) component, which
promotes the transfer of the dry mascara formulation from the substrate to the
eyelashes and
fixes the cosmetic composition to the eyelashes. Suitable adherent components
include, but
are not limited to solvents, oils, adhesives, waxes, resins or other materials
that impart
cohesive properties to the dry mascara formulation.
Solvents used in the production of the cosmetic product of the invention may
be either
volatile or non-volatile. Such solvents may be present in a residual capacity
in the finished
product but it should be stated that the overall composition is in the dry or
solid form. That is
the solvents would not be capable of flowing under ambient conditions in the
final product
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configuration. Volatile. solvents = include but are not limited to organic
solvents such as.
hydrocarbon solvents, alcohols and silicone solvents. Particular mention may
be made of
eye:1.01nd hi cones, such as for example,
he.x.amethy !eye otri siloxane,
octametbylcyclotetrasiloxane, decame thy lc yclopentasi lox ane and
volatile 'linear
dimethylpolysilaxanes. Nonvolatile silicone oils, both water soluble and water
insoluble, are
also contemplated to be suitable. Preferred non-volatile oils are high-
molecular silicones
such as dimethyl polysiloxane (dimethieono, phenyl trimethicone, .diphertyl
dimethicone.
Suitable water insoluble silicones include amine functional silicones such as
amodimethicone; phenyl substituted silicones such as hisphenvlheKamethicone,
phenyl
trimethiconeõ or polyphenyhnethylsiloxarte; dimethicone; alkyl substituted
dimethicones; or
mixtures thereof Other solvents or vehicles include, but are not limited to,
water, lower
alcohols, fatty alcohols, fatty ethers, thtty esters, isododecane, polyols,
glycols, liposomes.,
laminar lipid materials, or any combinations thereof, -Polybutene and
polyisobutene are also
contemplated .to be useful. When present, the solvent or vehicle will
typically comprise from
about 0.001 % to about 20% by weiiiht, preferably from about 0.01% to about
10% by
weight, more preferably from about 0.01% to about 5% or from 0.1% to about I%
by weight
of the dry cosmetic composition, In some embodiments, the cosmetic
compositions are
substantially free of solvent, meaning they comprise less than about 1% by
weight solvent,
preferably less than about 0.5% by weight
2() Waxes may
be used as binders. in the composition. or may be employed to provide
structure to the composition. Waxes that may be used in the dry .cosmetic
formulation
.comprise animal waxes, vegetable Waxes, mineral waxes, variOus frar.OUS of
natural waxes,
synthetic waxes, petroleum waxek=ethylenic polymers hydrocarbon wake$ such
as.fischer-
Tropsch wakes; silicone waxes and mixtures thereof. In particular, Wakes used
in the dry
mascara formulation include but are not limited to beeswax, carnauba wax,
candelitla wax,
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paraffin wax, lanolin wax, shellac wax (animal waxes), bayberry wax (vegetable
waxes);
ozokerite wax, ceresin wax, microcrystalline waxes (petroleum waxes),
polyethylene,
Fischer-Tropsch waxes, alkyl methicones (silicone waxes), ceresin wax, bran
wax, rice wax
and jojoba wax and mixtures thereof.
Synthetic waxes also include, for example, polyethylene glycols such as PEG.-
I8,
PEG-20, PEG-32, PEG-75, PEG-90, PEG-100, and PEG-I 80 which are sold undet the
tradename Carbowax (The Dow Chemical Company), Mention may be made of
Carbowax
1000 which has a molecular weight range of 950 to 1,050 and a melting point of
about 38T,
Carbowax 1450 which has a molecular weight range or about 1,305 to 1,595 and a
melting
point of about 56T, Carbowax 3350 which has a molecular weight range of 3,015
to 3,685
and a melting point of about 56T, and Carbowax 8000 which has a molecular
weight range
of 7,000 to 9,000 and a melting point of about 61 C. Wax-like materials that
are a natural or
synthetic resins or resin derivatives, such as rosinate esters, hydrogenated
rosinate esters,
polyamide resins, rubber, and latex are also contemplated to be suitable.
When present, waxes will typically, though not necessarily, comprise about
0,001% to
about 90% by weight of the cosmetic composition. More typically, waxes will
comprise
from about 0,001% to about 50%, or from about 0.001% to about 20% by weight of
the
cosmetic composition.
Polymers, co-polymers or terpolymers may also be used as binders or film-
forming
2() .agents
in the cosmetic compositions. The polymers, co-polymers or terpolymers used
may be
water-soluble or water-insoluble polymers and may be natural or synthetic.
Specific examples Of polymers include hydrogenated polYoyclopentadiene, latex-
based polymers or co-polyrners, diethyl phthalate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone
(PVP),
polyethylene, polypropylene, polydialkylsiloxane polymers, ethylene/propylene
copolymer,
PVP/eicosene copolymer, poly carboxylic acid based polymers including alkyl
acrylate or
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(meth)acrylatos, acrylic lteid (ineth)a4le acid or aerylamide (a,
(ineth)acrylamide polymers.
or co-polymers; polyvinyl esters, polyvinyl alcohols, olefin oxide polymers
snob as
polyethylene oxide or polypropylene oxide; polyisobutylene, polyisoprene,
polybutadiene,
polyvinyl chloride, polychlompreneõ .polyacrylonitrile, imide polymers,
urethanes or
polyurethanes, nylon polymers, polystyrene, polyterpenes and co-polymers
thereof Natural
polymers include cellulose derivatives, &gin and its derivatives, starch and
its derivatives,
oar and its derivatives and shellac polymers. The polymers may be present from
about 0.1%
to about .50% by *tight, more typically from about 1% to about 10% by Weight,
tithe dry:
cosmetic .composition.
The cosmetic compositions may include film formers that are substantially
water-
resistant. One such water-resistant film forming polymer is the
vinylpyrrolidoneleicosene
copolymer sold under the name (lama V-220 (Marketed by 1SP). Other water-
resistant
film formers inelade polyolefinsõ polyvinylpyrrolidone polymers and
copolymers,
polyethylenes, polyalkylsõ polystyrenes, triglycerides, epoxy resins,
shellacs, and any
combinations thereof
The composition may also comprise water soluble or water dispersible film
formers_
These include, without limitation, .butylated PVP, which is commercially
available under the
TM
tradename GANEX P-904 (distributed by 1SP), 2-butendoic acid, available as
GANTREZ S-
97-SF (distdbuted by 1SP), -
diglycol/CHOM(cyclohexanedimethanol)iisopthalates/SIP
(sulfoisophthalates) copolymer Which is commercially available under- the name
AQ-55$
.(Eastman), acrylic copolymer .emulsion (e.g. COVACKYL Al 5 and cOVACRYL E14;
distributed by LcW), 'actylates/ammonium MethacryititeS .copolYmet in water
(e.g.
TM TM
ULTRASOL 2000C, distributed by Presperse), modified starch (e,g. PURE COAT
B793:,
TM
distributed by Grain Protessing), .sulfortated poylstyrene (e.g. FLEXAN II,
distributed by
TM
National Starch), acrylatesiC12-22 alkylmetbacrylate copolymer (e.g. ALL1ANZ
OPT,
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distributed by ISP), ethylene carl niide/ocrornktontethyl
propanesu WankTM
acialmethacrylic acid (e.g. ACUDYNE SCP, distributed by Rohm and Haas.),
TM
acxylatesiethythexyl acrylate copolymer (e.g. DA1TASOL SJ, distributed by
Dflit0 Kasei
Kogyo Co,, Ltd.), or any combinations thereof
Water absorbent or supeNidsorbent polymers may also be included in the
compositions. The water aliserbent polymers provide a Swelling effect when
brought into
cOntact with water and thus may advantageously be included to impart a
volumiAng died to
the eyelashes. When these polymers are included, a method of vol mixing the
eyelashes will
include the steps of first applying the composition to the eyelashes as
described herein
followed by a second step of wetting the eyelashes. Water absorbent polymers
include
crosslinked partially neutralized poly(acrylic acid), polyacrylamider,
poly(ethylene oxide),
poly(vinyl alcohol), sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium alginate, or any
combinations
thereof, Other suitable water-absorbent polymers include, but are not limited
to, sodium
TM
acrylate (e.g. AQUA KEEP, distributed by Kobo Products, Inc.) and
acrylamideisodium
TM
acrylate copolymer (e.g. WATER LOCK G series and WATER LOCK A series,
distributed
by Grain Processing Corp.).
Cationic polymeric film-formers are also contemplated to betiselid. Mention
may be
made of the cationic polymeric film-former Polyquaternium-7 which is a
quatermui
ammonium salt of a acrylamideldimethyl dially1 ammonium chloride copolymer
sold under
the tradename SALCAREV Super 7 (marketed by Ciba Specialty Chemicals, Other
suitable cationic polymers include, but are not limited to, POlyquatemium-4,
Prilyquaternium-
5, PalyquaterniuM-6, Polyquaternittro-7, Pely4uaternitun-10, Po1Yotuateraium-
22
Polyquaternium-Pi Polyquaternitun-47, or any combination thereof,
The compositions may MO include oil-resislam film-forniers. Suitable
oikesiStant
Itim formers include, but. are not limited to, acrylics (ambles),
polyacrylates, actylamide
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polymers and copolymers and quaternary salts thereof, urethanes,
polyurethanes, polyesters,
polysaccharides, polyamides, polyols, polyethers, cellulosics, proteins,
polyamino acids,
esters derived from rosin, latexes, or any combinations thereof.
Silicone resins may be included as binders or film-formers in the
compositions. One
class of silicone resin contemplated to be especially useful are the silicone
resins having
tertiary connectivity of siloxy units (i.e., a T-resin). Such silicone 1-
resins comprise alkyl
and/or aryl siloxy groups, but preferably include aryl siloxy groups such as
phenyl siloxy
groups, in order to increase the refractive index of the resin. An example of
such a resin is
methyl phenyl silsesquioxane or polyphenyl silsesquioxane. Other suitable
silicone T-resins
include, without limitation, the C2-2o alkyl phenyl silsesquioxane resins
described in U.S.
Patent Pub. No. 2004/0180011.
Propyl phenyl silsesquioxane resin (Wacker Belsilt) SPR 45 VP, available from
Wacker
Chemical, Adrian, Mich.) is contemplated to be particularly useful. This
polymer has a
refractive index of 1.55 when measure as a liquid at 82 C and a refractive
index of 1.57 when
measured as a film at 25 C. By employing resins having a high refractive
index, e.g., greater
than 1.47, high gloss will be imparted to the eyelashes.
Plasticizing agents may also be included in the compositions. Suitable
plasticizing
agents include without limitation glycols and glycol derivatives (ethers and
esters), acid
esters, such as citrates, phthalates, adipates, carbonates, tartrates,
phosphates and sebacates;
and oxyethylenated derivatives such as oxyethylenated oils (e.g. castor oil
and silicone oils).
Other viscosity modifying agents or gellants may be used in the dry mascara
formulation. These include bentone, triglycerides, aluminum stearate, C18-C36
acid glycol
esters, glyceryl stearate, glyceryl tribehenate and the like. Solid gellants,
including but not
limited to fatty acid gellants, esters and amides of fatty acid gellants,
hydroxy acids, hydroxy
fatty acids, and other types of amide gellants are contemplated to be
suitable. Particular
CA 02705756 2015-04-27
mention may be made: or ester-terminated poly(ester,amide) gellants, = Other
viscosity
modifying agents or gaols include alginates, carbomets, celluloses, gums,
carageenans,
starches or silicates, and the like.
The compositions of the invention will typically comprise one or more coloring
agents. Suitable coloring agents, including pigments, lakes, dyes, and inks
are well known in
the art and are disclosed in the C.T.F:A. Costnetic Ingredient Handbook, First
Edition, 1988.
Organic pigments include, tbr
exaMple, carbon piarnents. FD&C dyes, D&C dyes, including D&C Red; Nos. 2, 5,
6, 7, 10,
11, 12, 13, 30 and .34, 'MC Yellow No: 5, F.D&C tittle No. I, and Violet No.
2. Other
colorants include FD&C Red No. 3; FD&C Red No. 40 (Altura Red AC), FD&C Red
No. le.),
FD&C Red No. 9, FD&C Red No. 21, FD&C Red No. 27, FD&C Red No. 13, FD&C Red
No. 7, FD&C Red No. 6, FD&C Red No. 30, ED&C Red No. 36, .FD&C Orange No. 4,
FD&r, Orange No, 5, FD&C Orange No. 10, FD&C. yellow No. 5, FD&C Yellow No, 6,
FD&C green No. 5, and mixtures, th.ereof. Exemplary inorganic pigments
include, but are
not limited to, metal oxides and metal hydroxides such as magnesium oxide,
magnesium
hydroxide, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxides, aluminum oxide, aluminum
hydroxide, iron
oxides (4-Fe203, y-Fe203, Fe.A, Vet)), red iron oxide, yellow iron oxide,
black iron oxide,
iron hydroxides, titanium dioxide, titanium lower oxides, zirconium oxides,
chromium
oxides, chromium hydroxides, manganese oxides, cobalt oxides, cerium oxides,
nickel oxides:
and zinc oxides and composite oxides and coniposite hydroxides such as iron
Mamie, cobalt
titanate and cobalt aluminate. Other suitable colorants, include ultramarine
blue (ie., sodium
altiMinum silicate containing Sulfur), Prussian blue., inangantSe.yiolet,
bismuth oxychloride,
talc, mica, sericite, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, magnesium
silicate, aluminum
inagnesiuth silicate, silica, titanated mica, iron Oxide titanated mica,
bismuth oxythloride, and
the like.
16
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The colorants may be surface modified with, for example, fluoropolymers, to
adjust
one or more characteristics of the colorant as described in, for example, U.S.
Patent Nos.
6,471,950, 5,482,547, and 4,832,944.
The pigment and/or fillers may be coated with fluorosilanes to improve water
and/or oil resistance, as described in U.S. Patent No. 6,315,990.
The colorant may be present in any amount necessary to deliver the desired
effect.
Possible colorant loadings would range from about 0.001% to about 95% by
weight of the
composition, more typically from about 0.001% to about 50% by weight, or from
about
0.01% to about 25% by weight of the composition. In other embodiments, the
cosmetic
compositions may be clear and thus will not comprise colorants.
The compositions may also contain coloring polymers which comprise
chromophores
grafted onto polymer chain or which comprise copolymers comprising coloring
monomers.
Suitable polymeric colorants include without limitation those described in
U.S. Patent No.
4,804,719; U.S. Patent No. 4,999,418; U.S. Patent No. 5,030,708; U.S. Patent
No. 5,032,670;
U.S. Patent No. 5,043,376; U.S. Patent No, 5,102,980; U.S. Patent No.
5,106,942; and U.S.
Patent No. 5,194,463.
Pearlescent agents can be present in the composition at about 0 wt % to about
50 wt
% based on the total weight of the composition. Suitable pearlescent agents
include mica
coated with titanium oxide, with iron oxide, with natural pigment or with
bismuth
oxychloride, such as colored titanium mica. Suitable pearling pigments include
without
limitation bismuth oxy-chloride, guanine and titanium composite materials
containing, as a
titanium component, titanium dioxide, titanium lower oxides or titanium
oxynitride, as
disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,340,569.
17
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Preferably, the pearlescent agents are present at about 1 wt % to about 20 wt
%
based on the total weight of the composition.
In some embodiments, it may be desirable to include glitter agents in the
composition
to achieve unique visual effects. Non-limiting examples of such glitter agents
include
coated/treated polyethylene terephthalate and titanium dioxide coated mica. A
non-limiting
example of such a coated/treated polyethylene terephthalate is available from
Glitterex Corp.
under the tradename 0.008" square Dark Gold poly*flake. A non-limiting example
of a
titanium dioxide coated mica is available from Presperse Inc. under the
tradename Flonac ME
C. Other materials useful as glitter include particles of metal, such as
aluminum, copper,
10 silver, gold, and brass, particles of transparent or colored, solid
organic materials, including
poly(ethylene terephthalate), polymethacrylate, and poly(vinylbutyral)), and
particles of
metal coated film or paper, such as aluminum coated poly(ethylene
terephthalate) film, to
name a few.
Interferential goniochromatic pigments may also be included to impart
iridescence, as
described in U.S. Patent Pub, 2004/0076650.
Such pigments are commercially available under the trade names Such Infinite
TM TM
Colors (Shiseido), Sicopearl Fantastico (BASF), Colorstream (Merck),
Colorglitter (3MTm)
and Chromaflair (Flex). Interferential fibres may also be include, as
described in U.S, Patent
No. 5,472,798. Other components that
impart a desired visual effect to the eye lashes may be added.
The dry cosmetic formulation may also optionally include fillers. The term
"fillers"
should be understood as meaning colorless or white, inorganic or synthetic,
lamellar or non-
lamellar particles. Fillers include silica, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA),
alumina, barium
sulfate, talc, zinc stearate, mica, kaolin, nylon powder, polyethylene powder,
Teflon, starch,
boron nitride, or the like. Fillers may be in a concentration of from about 1%
to about 50%
18
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by:Wght, 'hot about 1% to about 20% or from about 1% to about 10% by weight.
Suitable
fillers also include copolymer microspheres such as EXPANCEL (Nobel
Industries),
TM TM
POLYTRAP (Dow Corning), and silicone resin microbeads (TOSPEARL from Toshiba).
The compositions of the present invention may optionally comprise a plurality
of
fibers dispersed therein in order to enhance the volume of the eyelashes,
i.e., increase
thickness and length thereof. The fibers linty be Of any type known in the
cosmetic art and
may be natural or. synthetic: Thermoplastic fibers, such as those Of
polyethylene,
polypropylene, or nylon, ate preferred..
In addition, the compositions may include conditioning agnts and
emollients/moisturizing agents. Conditioning agent may include, without
limitation, algae
extracts, wheat amino acids, wheat protein, hydrolyzed vegetable protein and
derivatives,
keratin amino acids, serum protein, yeast extract, hydrolyzed
mucopolysaccharides,
hydrolyzed animal protein, chitosan, phytantriol, hydrolyzed corn protein,
hydrolyzed soy
protein, hydrolyzed silk, silk amino acids, and mixtures themof.
Emollient/moisturizing oils
that can be incorporated in the composition of the invention include, without
limitation,
jojoba oil, lanolin oil, coconut oil, palm kernel glycerides, grape seed oil,
evening primrose
oil, sesame oil, castor oil, meadowfoam seed oil, emu oil, dimethicone
copolyol
meadowfoamate, Wheat germ oil, macadamia ma oil, avocado oil, and mixtures
thereof.
Other emoillients include ceteatyl ocianoateõ octyl palmitate, buql ene
glycol, propylene
glycoL glycerin, glycei*monostearate,.petrolatum, caprylic trigyleeride, optic
it-4*er*,
shae butter, and silicone oil.
The eonipaSitionS May further include- One: or moreadditional. components
selected
from the group Consisting of anesthetics, anti-allergenics; antifungals anti-
inThunmatories,
antimicrobials, antiseptics, cheating agents, emollients, ettulsifierS,
fragrances, huineetants,
lubricants, masking agents, medicaments, moisturizers, pH adjusters,
preservatives,
19
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protectants, soothing agents, stabilizers, sunscreens, surfactants,
thickeners, viscosity control
agents, vitamins, pigments, bioactives, and any combinations thereof.
In currently preferred embodiments, the cosmetic compositions comprise Acronal
V
215 (BASF), which is an aqueous dispersion of a polymer based on acrylic
ester, ink
comprising phenolic resin and cellulose derivatives dissolved in Dowanol
and/or ink
comprised of pigments/dyes in solutions of acrylic, vinyl & cellulose
derivatives dissolved in
water, and optionally carbon black as a colorant.
The cosmetic composition may be applied to the backing layer by any suitable
means,
including methods conventionally employed to make cosmetic "samplers." For
example,
bulk thin film application techniques such as extrusion or spray technology
have been used to
make cosmetic samples, as described in U.S. Patent No. 6,691,872.
. Such techniques permit the cosmetic composition to be
uniformly distributed over the surface of the backing layer. Additionally, the
present
invention may be produced via industrial printing processes, by industrial
printers which
include but are not limited to Redd Europe, Main Titles, and LetraSet or by
medical adhesive
TM
and tape manufacturers such as Mactac, Scapa Group Plc, Adhesives Research
Ltd, and Tape
Specialties amongst others.
In other embodiments, the cosmetic composition is printed onto the backing
layer.
Methods for printing cosmetics onto substrates are also generally known, as
disclosed in, for
example, U.S. Patent No, 5,192,386.
The printing process permits the cosmetic composition to be precisely
deposited
on the substrate in desired quantities and patterns. Further, with a printing
process, the
product may be printed with two or more different colors of cosmetic to
provide unique
effects when applied to the eyelashes.
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Additionally, patterns tnay be mixed and matched with each other or with any
of the.
aforementioned shapes, lines, or other configurations contained within. Such
combinations
could be applied either in a single application event, that is On opposing
sides of the same
sheet or in two or more single events applied sequentially. For example, the
first ;application
could deposit circles on the eyelashes and -then the next application could
deposit complete
lines, broken lines, or a shape Or set of shapes differing from the first
application.
Referring to Figure 1, non-limiting examples of the types of effects that can
be
achieved. are illustrated. In one principle embodiment, the product may
comprise a uniform
coating of color mascara such that when applied to the eyelashes, the color
mascara transfers
to the lashes in a relatively even fashion to give a look comparable to a
convention mascara
.product The mascara composition may be applied to the topside of the lashes,
the underside
of the lashes, or both.
Figures 1 and 14 also illustrates certain graphic effects that can be
achieved, for
example, by printing two or more colors onto the backing layer. Of the
numerous variants
according to this embodiment, special mention may be made of those wherein a
color
gradient is applied to the backing layer such that when the cosmetic
composition is
transferred to the eyelashes, a color gradient is formed on the lashes. The
color gradient may
he applied along the long axis of the backing layer (i.e., along the line IA)
so that a color
gradient is formed from the root of each lash to the tip of the lash, or the
color gradient may,
be formed from left to right across the backing layer (i.e., perpendicular to
line 1-1) so that a
color gradient is established from the left to the right across the lashes.
Rather than a aadient
of colors similar effects could be achieved using two or more colors in diSCZ*
bands such
that, for example, the portion of the lash nearest the root is one color and
portion nearest the
tip is a different color, W. There is Osentialiy no limit to the aesthetic
effects which can be
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achieved,. including without limitation, rainbow patterns, wave patters', and
sun rise; patterns,
to name a few.
As shown in Figures 1 and 14, the backing layer may. further comprise a
plurality of
self-adhesiye micro dots, which can be use alone, or in combination with a
cosmetic
composition. The micro dots themselves may Comprise the dry cosmetic
composition or may
be made of a polymeric material or the like, and will typically include an
adhesive to
facilitate transfer to the lashes. The micro dots may be configured in any
pattern, the dots
may be uniform in size or vary in size and shape as well as be positioned in
an spatial
orientation necessary to achieve a specific or desired effect. Said micro dots
may form
complete lines, broken lines, any of the aforementioned larger shapes, or any
design that may
be .printed by one or more of the previously listed printing, techniques.
Referring to Figure 9, a non-limning example presents the present invention as
an
array of micro dots. The
micro dots may be any size but are typically, though not
necessarily, from about. 10 um (microns) to about 2. mm in diameter, more
typically from
about 50 um to about 1 mm, or from about 500 urn to about 0.5 mm in diameter.
The
plurality of micro dots may be the same color or may be different colors. it
has been found
that a thickening effect is obtained when the dry mascara product is in the
form of micro dots,
particularly if the micro dots are of suitable size to be supported on more
than one lash.
Also illustrated in Figure 1 is the use of a clear composition to impart to
the lashes a
matrix,. which holds and separates that lashes. 'The clear composition may
comprise a clear
adhesive polymer, for example, which is printed' onto the backing layer in a
pattern, such as a
plurality of rOtvt. When the composition
transferred to the lashes, the row of clear
composition are disposed substantially perpendicular to the lashed to form a
matrix,
!Alternatively, the clear composition may be applied as a uniform film over
the backing layer,
In this manner the entire length of the lashes, or a portion thereof, is
encased in the polymeric
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film. The film may be dimensioned such. that it extends slightly beyond the
tips of the lashes'=
to provide a continuous "hard" edge or may be dimensioned such that the tips
of the lashes
extend beyond the edge to provide an edge having a "feathered" appearance,
Furtherrnore,
the present invention may take the form of lines or similar patterns as
depicted in Figure 3
such that the tips of the lashes are extended to impart a lengthening to the
eyelashes.
In another principle embodiment, a method for the application of a dry mascara
formulation to eye lashes is provided, comprising contacting the eye lashes
with a dry
mascara formulation which is deposited on a carrier substrate, and optionally
varying the
temperature. of the mascara or applying pressure, light or a combination
thereof, to the eye
lash and mascara formulation to adhere the mascara formulation to the eye
lash. In one
embodiment, .pressure is applied to the mascara formulation and substrate. In
another
embodiment, heat is applied to the mascara formulation and substrate when they
are in
contact with the eye lashes. In another embodiment, the dry mascara
formulation is exposed
to light when it is in contact with the eye lashes. In an alternate
embodiment, the mascara is
adhered to the eye lash by holding the formulation in contact with the eye
lash for a period of
time, without the application of pressure, heat or light. The carrier
substrate is not a
conventional brush applicator for applying mascara. In one embodiment, the
carrier substrate
is a thin film material. In one embodiment, an application tool is used to
transfer the dry
mascara formulation to the eye lashes. The application toot incorporates the
dry mascara
formulation on one or two surfaces that are brought into contact with the eye
lashes. Figure 1
and Figure 2 depict examples of application tools that have the dry mascara
formulation
incorporated on 4 surface that is placed in contact with the eye lashes.
The method of applying mascara enables mascara with various Patterns, designs
or
effects to be applied to the eye lash to achieve a desired eye lash
appearance. The desired
pattern or effect may be applied selectively on the top surface of the eye
lash or on the
23
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underside of the eye. lash with the present invention. In one embodiment,
mascara with a
desired colorant pattern is applied to the eye lash, Figure 4 depicts several
color patterns or
gradients, which are possible with the present invention. hi another
embodiment, mascara
with small graphics or illustrations are applied to the eye laSb. In another
embodiment,
mascara with a reflective substance such as glitter is applied to the eye
lash. Figures 6
illustrates the eye lashes with mascara that contains glitter. The finish of
the mascara product
of the present invention, by way of non-limiting examplet could be mart, semi-
mitt, gloss,
semigloss and combinations thereof. In another embodiment, mascara with
desired visual
effects such as a rigid "hard lash" effect (yr with a "black -matt dot"
pattern is applied to the
eye lashes. Figure 5 :displays eye lashes with a 'hard lash' effect Figure 6
illustrates eye
lashes with a 'black matt dot" patter. in another embodiment; mascara with
individual
elements, such as "matt black dots", may be applied, to the eye lashes. The
method allows for
easy control of the amount of mascara to be applied to the eye lashes by
controlling the
amount of drv mascara deposited on the carrier substrate. The present
invention is capable of
imparting definition, length, visual effects, including holography, and volume
or
combinations thereof Additionally, eyelashes with a light or thick coating of
mascara are
easily achieved using the invention.
Figure 10 illustrates one embodiment according to the invention wherein a
plurality of
cosmetic microdots and an adhesive are disposed on a transfer sheet backing
layer. A
backing sheet, CMOs the product and is removed to expose the adhesive and
cosmetic
microdots. When the exposed adhesive is pressed. against the eyelash, it
adheres to the
eyelash and transfers the microdot from the transfer sheet backing layer onto
the eyelash.
The microdots are only weakly bound to the transfer sheet and are thus readily
transferred
with the adhesive to the eyelash.
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In one interesting embodiment, the product may have pressure sensitive ink on
the.
iltce of the transfer layer opposite the cosmetic, as illustrated in Figure
11. The pressure
sensitive ink will change colors when sufficient pressure has been applied to
transfer the
cosmetic onto the eyelashes, and thus serves as an indicator that the product
has been
successfully and unitbrmly applied. In another embodiment, the product may
employ a
tactile cue such as raised protrusions altering the transfer layer to alert
the consumer when
sufficient pressure has been applied to transfer the cosmetic onto the
eyelashes.
It has been found that certain patterns of printed cosmetic are superior for
obtaining
uniform coverage and good transfer of the cosmetic onto the eyelashes. As
shown in Figure
12, the efficiency of transfer is relatively low for lines of cosmetic
(printed along line I-1)
because the eyelashes may not: align on pitch with the cosmetic lines. Tilted
hexagon patterns
of hexagonal dots are contemplated to have superior adhesion efficiency to the
eyelashes.
The invention is not limited, however, to any particular pattern of printed
cosmetic.
Exemplary applicator devices according to the invention are illustrated in
Figure 13.
In embodiment "a' the folded product is loaded into a recess formed between
two rigid plate-
like members, which may have a slightly arched configuration according to the
contours of
the eyelids. In operation the user applies force to a lever, which brings
together the plates to
provide the necessary pressure to transfer the cosmetic to the eyelashes. It
is contemplated
that any such lever-actuated mechanism will be suitable for generating
sufficient pressure to
transfer the cosmetic to the eyelash, in embodiment "b," also illustrated in
Figure 13, the
product is held in an internal recess of a, Stick-type device. The recess is
formed between a
terthinal end of the device and the edge Of a solid member slidably disposed
in the 4.erio;
such that the skiable member may be moved toward the terminal end of the Mike,
by
pressure from the thumb or the like, to engage the product and create
sufficient pressure to
transfer the cosmetic to the eyelashes. However, it will be understood that no
special
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applicator device is required, and that the. product .may be; employed simply
by .squeezing
between the tbrefinger and thumb, etc,
it. will be understood that the terms "backing" and "transfer" when used to
modify the
"sheet" or "la?,,,er" are not intended to limit the product configuration, but
rather are used to
assist the reader in understanding the non-iimiting embodiments shown in the
drawings.
26
