Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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Data pages for book-like documents and method for
producing such data pages
The invention relates to data pages for book-like
documents, in each case having at least one layer that
is comparatively stiff and provided to hold data, and a
strip-like flap, which is firmly connected by a first
region to the at least one layer and has a second
region for binding the data page into the book-like
document, having a plurality of security features
arranged at a distance from one another, which in each
case extend over the flap, at least in some regions.
Such data pages are needed in particular for producing
passports. In a passport, they are generally
personalized with a photograph and data relating to the
passport holder. The personalized layer comprises, for
example, one or two laminated thin sheets of a stiff
thermoplastic material, in particular polycarbonate.
Such a layer is difficult to bind in, however, because
of its stiffness. In order that binding in is
possible, a binding flap made of a flexible and easily
sewn material is added on to the layer, as disclosed in
EP-B-1 502 765 from the applicant. The connection
between the flap and the aforementioned layer results
in a firm connection between this layer and the flap.
The said connection between the said layer and the flap
now has to satisfy very high demands with regard to the
desired document security. This is because a passport
forger could aim to detach such a data page from a
passport or document and to use it in another document.
Suitable points of attack for such manipulation are the
point at which the flap is sewn into the passport
booklet or the connecting point between the
personalized data page and the flap. In principle, the
flap and the aforementioned personalizable layer are
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connected as intimately as possible to each other in
order to prevent detachment. However, there still
remains the problem that the flap can be divided off
directly at the edge to the aforementioned layer and
then another data page could be mounted at this
transition location.
It is now important that such manipulations not only
can be made visible with laboratory examinations but
are also made obvious during routine checks and visible
at a glance. In order to make this possible, in the
prior art a data page has been disclosed by EP-A-1 780
043 in which the passport number is applied both to the
visa pages by means of perforation and to the data
page, for example by means of laser marking. By using
this identification, the intention is for checking of
the integrity of data pages and the remaining pages of
the passport booklet to be possible. To this end, the
corresponding numbers would have to be checked with
regard to their agreement.
DE-B-10 2009 010 800 has disclosed a data page in which
security features are printed onto the data page and
extend contiguously over at least a sub-region of the
data region, the region of the seam and the region of
the flap. The aforementioned severing along the
transition point between the aforementioned layer and
the flap and replacement of the data pages would also
in principle be possible here without it being possible
to detect this obviously.
In data pages of the generic type, the aforementioned
object is achieved in that the security features in the
flap extend at least partly from the first region into
the second region and are at least partly different
from data page to data page. Tn particular, provision
is made for the distances between security features to
be different.
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If a forger attempts to remove the personalized layer
in the case of data pages according to the invention by
cutting the flap loose at the flap attachment and to
replace this by a data page from another passport, then
such a manipulation on the security features can be
detected immediately and clearly. Since the security
features are applied to the flap differently from
document to document and in particular at irregular
intervals, these security elements no longer agree
without any offset between the two regions of the flap
after the said manipulation. Such an offset is now
very quick and simple to detect visually. The security
features are therefore monitoring elements which make
the said manipulation visually detectable.
According to a development of the invention, provision
is made for more than two security features to be
provided in each case. Preferably, a plurality of such
security features, in particular more than five and,
still more preferably, more than ten such features are
provided. These are preferably distributed
substantially over the entire length of the flap. As a
result, it is readily possible to produce a large
number of data pages which are all different with
respect to the arrangement of these security features.
According to a development of the invention, provision
is made for the security features to be cuts or
embossing in the flap or imprints on the flap. Such
cuts and embossing or imprints can be produced very
cost-effectively and reliably with suitable cutting and
embossing devices. A particularly suitable imprint is,
for example, produced with an inkjet printing machine.
The security features can, however, also be produced by
means of threads, for example, which are woven and/or
adhesively bonded into the flap, for example. The
threads can be special threads, for example metal
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threads or threads made of a specific plastic.
According to a development of the invention, provision
is made for the security elements in each case to merge
substantially continuously from the first region of the
flap into the second region of the flap. An offset
following a manipulation is then particularly clearly
detectable.
The security features of a data page can be different,
for example one security feature can be formed by an
incision or embossing and other security features by a
print. Also conceivable is an embodiment in which the
features have different colours. These colours can
then be varied, so that the data pages differ. The
security against forgery is increased further as a
result.
According to a development of the invention, provision
is made for the at least one layer to have an imprint,
for example an offset print in the region of the
security features. This printed layer is arranged over
the flap having the monitoring elements. The imprint
is formed in such a way that it makes the security
features in the area of the first region of the flap
visually detectable. According to a development of the
invention, this is made possible by the security
elements being formed in such a way that they result in
a change in the volume of the flap and that this volume
change is visible on the imprint. The change in the
volume of the flap can, for example, be caused by
incisions, embossing or by a special thread. Other
means which change the thickness of the flap are also
conceivable. The corresponding impressions in the
imprint can be implemented, for example, by means of
lamination or by means of a welding operation since,
during such a procedure, the thermoplastic material of
the layer is softened and flows to a greater extent in
the region of the volume-changing security features
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than elsewhere. In this way, the result in these
security features is a changed ink layer thickness or
pigment concentration, which becomes optically visible
as an identifier in the printed element on the data
page.
According to a development of the invention, the
aforementioned imprint is strip-shaped. It runs
preferably parallel to and congruently with the
aforementioned first region of the flap. The imprint
preferably extends substantially over the entire length
of the flap.
According to a development of the invention, the
imprint is applied to a thin opaque sheet or layer.
The material of the flap is preferably chosen such
that, during a laminating procedure, it is not softened
or is softened only slightly, so that the security
features of the flap are maintained.
The flaps can, for example, be produced from a fabric.
The connection between the flap and the layer can be
produced in a manner known per se by lamination. In
particular, provision is made for the flap to be
laminated in between two layers. Here, the flap can
extend partly or fully between these two layers.
However, a design in which the flap is connected to the
said layer by adhesive bonding or else by mechanical
means is also conceivable.
According to a development of the invention, provision
is made for the security features to contain graphic
elements and/or text elements and in particular micro-
text. As a result, the security against forgery can be
increased still further.
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According to a development of the invention, provision
is made for the security features to be visible, at
least in some areas, through a transparent window-like
region of the at least one layer. The window-like
region extends into the first region of the flap. In
the event of a manipulation, an offset is particularly
easily and reliably detectable through this window.
The invention likewise relates to a method for
producing data pages according to one of Claims 1 to
15. The method is characterized in that at least one
security feature is changed non-repetitively from data
page to data page. Distances between adjacent security
features are preferably changed non-repetitively.
According to a development of the method according to
the invention, provision is made for the security
features to be applied by means of rotary punching,
rotary embossing or by means of continuous printing,
for example offset printing or flexographic printing.
This permits particularly cost-effective and secure
production of the data pages according to the
invention.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention will be
explained in more detail below by using the drawing, in
which:
Fig. 1 shows, schematically, a three-dimensional view
of a passport booklet having a data page
according to the invention,
Fig. 2 shows, schematically, a view of a data page
according to the invention with a flap
partially severed in some regions during a
manipulation attempt,
Fig. 3 shows a view of the data page without
manipulation,
Fig. 4 shows, schematically, a view of a data page in
which the aforementioned manipulation has been
carried out,
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Fig. 5 shows a view of a data page according to one
variant,
Fig. 6 shows a view of a data page according to the
invention according to a further variant,
Fig. 7 shows a view of a data page according to the
invention according to a further variant,
Fig. 8 shows a section through a data page according
to the invention in the area of the flap,
Fig. 9 shows a further section through a data page
according to one variant,
Fig. 10 shows a schematic view of a data page according
to a further variant, and
Fig. 11 shows a schematic view of a data page according
to the invention according to a further
variant.
The document 1 shown in Fig. 1 is a passport booklet
which, in a manner known per se, has a data page 2 and
visa pages 20 between a cover 9. With regard to the
fundamental structure of such a document 1 and the data
page 2, reference is made to EP-B-1 502 765. The data
page 2 has a layer. 17 of comparatively stiff material,
for example polycarbonate. This layer 17, which, for
example, can consist of thin laminated sheets, is
personalized with respect to the passport holder or
holder of the document 1. To this end, the layer 17 is
provided with data 18 about the passport holder and a
photograph 19, for example according to Fig. 2.
The data page 2 has a flap 3, which is produced from
flexible material and thus is substantially less stiff
than the layer 17. By using this flap 3, the data page
2 is bound into the document 1. The binding-in is
carried out here, by way of example, by means of a seam
along a sewing-in position 6. The flap 3 is firmly
connected to the layer 17. The connection is in
particular flat and is carried out, for example, by
laminating in, welding or by means of a suitable
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adhesive. As can be seen, the flap 3 extends
substantially over the entire length of one side of the
layer 17. As can be seen, the flap 3 is joined flat to
the layer 17 along a first flap region 7. A second
flap region 8 protrudes out of the layer 17 and is used
to bind the flap 3 into the document 1 along the
sewing-in position 6. The sewing-in position 6 runs
parallel to and at a distance from a flap extension 5,
which forms the transition between the two regions 7
and 8 and which runs along one edge 21 of the layer 17.
In the event of a manipulation attempt, in principle
the second flap region 8 can be divided off along the
flap extension 5 or along the edge 21, as indicated in
Fig. 2. As a result, a personalized layer 17 could be
used in another document. In order that such a
manipulation is visible, the flap 3 is provided with
security features 4. As shown, these are arranged at
irregular intervals and extend, at least in some areas,
from the first flap region 7 into the second flap
region 8. In Fig. 3, by way of example here, distances
A and B are shown which, as can be seen, are different.
A plurality of such security features 4 is preferably
provided. Preferably, more than two, preferably more
than five and still more preferably more than ten such
security features 4 are provided. As can be seen, they
are distributed substantially over the entire length of
the flap 3.
The security elements 4 are, for example, incisions in
the flap 3, embossing in the flap 3 or imprints on one
or both sides of the flap 3. Such imprints can be
applied, for example, by means of an inkjet printing
device. The security features 4 are preferably formed
in such a way that they change the thickness or the
volume of the flap 3 at the corresponding location.
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The security elements 4 can be substantially
rectilinear and line-like, as shown in Figs 2 and 3.
The security elements 4 then therefore extend
substantially at right angles to the flap extension 5.
As explained further below, the security elements 4
can, however, also run differently, for example
obliquely or in a curve.
The aforementioned distances, for example the distances
A and B, are now changed during the production of the
data pages in such a way that ultimately each data page
2 has a different arrangement of the security elements
4.
Fig. 4 shows a data page 2a' in which the personalized
layer 17 has been inserted into a document 1 by a first
flap region 7' having been connected to the second flap
region 8 of the document 1. Such a connection can be
produced such that this would be barely visible. Now,
since the flap regions 7' and 8 originate from
different flaps 3, the security features 4 are
accordingly arranged. differently. For example, the
distances A and B of the region 8 are opposite the
distances A' and B' of the region 7'. The
corresponding offset in the security features 4 is
immediately visually detectable. This means that
during an inspection, it is readily possible to detect
that the personalized layer 17 does not belong to the
corresponding document 1 or to the corresponding
passport booklet. The manipulation is therefore
immediately detectable without any aids.
Fig. 5 shows a variant of a data page 2a according to
the invention which, in principle, has been produced
like the above-mentioned data page 2. In the case of
this data page 2a, on the other hand, a flap 3a extends
substantially further into a layer 17a. The flap 3a
thus has a first region 7a which is substantially
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longer than a second region 8a. In addition, in the
case of the data page 2a, provision is made for
security elements 4a to be provided which are curved or
arcuate and do not cross a flap extension 8a and a
5 sewing-in position 6a exactly at right angles. The
distances between the security features 4a here are
likewise variable from document to document, as
explained above.
10 The data page 2b shown in Fig. 6 is provided with
security elements 4b which are formed by micro-text.
This micro-text can be printed on, embossed or
otherwise applied. As can be seen, it extends
substantially at right angles to a flap extension 5b.
Also conceivable here, however, is a design in which
the security elements 4b run at an angle to the flap
extension 5. In addition, the security elements 4b can
also be curved or arcuate. Instead of a text, however,
graphic elements and the like can also be provided
here.
Fig. 7 shows a data page 2c which has a flap 3c that is
provided with security elements 4c which are formed as
explained above. In addition, however, here still
other types of security elements in the form of threads
22 are provided. These threads 22 are special threads,
for example threads of metal or a special plastic. The
threads 22 are woven in, for example, or adhesively
bonded onto the flap 3c. The threads 22 are likewise
arranged at different intervals. As can be seen, they
run obliquely with respect to a flap extension 15 and a
sewing-in position 6c. In principle, however, the
threads 22 could also run at right angles to the flap
extension 15 and to the sewing-in position 6c. They
could additionally have different colours or other
easily monitored properties.
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Fig. 8 shows a possible structure of a layer 17c. This
comprises a thin transparent sheet 12, a thin opaque
sheet 11 and a thin transparent sheet 13. A flap 3c is
laminated in between these thin sheets 11, 12 and 13.
The flap 3c is visible through the thin transparent
sheet 13. This does not apply to the other side, which
has the thin opaque sheet 11. In principle, however,
the thin opaque sheet 11 could be replaced by a thin
transparent sheet. Since the thin sheet 13 is
transparent, the security features 4 and 4a, 4b and 4c,
not shown here, can accordingly also be detected
visually in the region of the layer 17c. In order to
illustrate these security features 4, a printed element
10 has been applied to the thin transparent sheet 13.
The printed element 10 can be strip-shaped, according
to Fig. 10, and, for example, applied by offset
printing or flexographic printing. During the
lamination, the printed element 10 is influenced on
account of the security elements 4, so that these
security elements 4 are accordingly visually detectable
in the printed element 10, for example in the form of
lines. In Fig. 10, the appropriate features 24 of the
printed image 10 are indicated. These features 24
result in particular when the security features 4
effect a change in volume in the flap 3. Such volume
changes, for example incisions or elevations of the
flap 3, accordingly effect a change in the print. For
example, such a change effects an increase in the
colour intensity or partial breakdown of the colour.
Such a change can also be achieved if, according to
Fig. 9, a layer 17d is provided which has two thin
transparent sheets 15 and thin opaque sheets 16. In
the area of the layer 17d, the features 4 are thus then
visible only in the area of the printed element 10.
Fig. 11 shows a data page 2f in which a layer 17f is
provided which, in the area of a window 14, is
transparent at least on the one side. This window 14
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extends into a first region 7f of a flap 3f. Security
elements 4f are thus visible here in the first region
7f through the transparent window 14. As can be seen,
the window 14 extends along a flap extension 5f and a
sewing-in position 6f. Substantially all the security
features 4f can be detected through the window 14. The
window 14 is strip-shaped but can also have another
shape. For instance, a plurality of windows are also
conceivable.
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LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS
1 Document
2 Data page
3 Flap
4 Security feature
Flap extension
6 Sewing-in position
7 First flap region
8 Second flap region
9 Cover
Printed element
11 Thin opaque sheet
12 Thin transparent sheet
13 Thin transparent sheet
14 Window
Thin transparent sheet
16 Thin opaque sheet
17 Layer
18 Data
19 Photograph
Visa pages
21 Edge
22 Thread
24 Feature
A Distance
B Distance
