Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
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SELF-EMULSIFIABLE POLYOLEFINE COMPOSITIONS
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to self-emulsifiable polyolefine
compositions, in particular to
self-emulsifiable polyisobutene compositions and the use of said emulsions.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Polyolefines and in particular polyisobutene(s) are useful ingredients in a
lot of technical applica-
tions and contribute to improve the feel properties when applied on surfaces
such as hair or tex-
tile. The formulation of polyisobutene mostly consists in firstly emulsify the
polyisobutene in an
oil-in-water emulsion and then incorporate the emulsion in an aqueous
formulation such as a hair
care or laundry formulation, in order to obtain benefits such as emollience,
hydrophobization,
lubrication or adhesion. Polyisobutene emulsions are exemplified in
PCT/EP2011/057586, which
has not yet been published and which discloses an emulsion comprising (a)
polyolefines such as
polyisobutene, in an amount of from 2 to 75 weight%, (b) polymers Px which are
copolymers of
non ionic, anionic or pseudocationic monomers in an amount of from 0.05 to 40
weight % and
(c) water in an amount of from 10 to 97.95 weight %.
WO 2007/042454 Al describes the use of terpolymers of (a) maleic anhydride,
(b) isobutylene
and (c) polyisobutylene for producing aqueous emulsions or dispersions of
hydrophobic sub-
stances such as silicones.
WO 2007/014915 writes on aqueous dispersions comprising (A) a polymer such as
polyisobu-
tene and (B) an emulsifier obtained by the polymerization of isobutylene,
maleic anhydride and
polyethyleneglycol. This dispersion is used for the treatment of leather or as
additive in construc-
tion chemicals.
W02004/154216 describes a copolymer containing polyisobutene, maleic anhydride
and polyal-
kylene glycols. These copolymers are used as emulsifiers for the preparation
of oil-in-water
emulsions and find applications e.g. in washing and cleaning formulations, in
the cosmetics or
pharmaceutical sector.
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Nevertheless, the preparation of an emulsion as a formulation ingredient has a
number of draw-
backs. Firstly, emulsions have to be prepared at high shear rate stirring,
which is a complex
process in the production scale and involve a high energy input. Secondly,
unlike microemul-
sions, emulsions are not thermodynamically stable, and can segregate by
creaming / sedimenta-
tion, aggregation and coalescence (phase separation). Creaming is observed
when emulsion drop-
lets have a density lower than that of the continuous phase. Such droplets
have the tendency to
gather on top of the liquid level to form a layer enriched with emulsion
droplets. In contrast,
droplets having a density higher than that of the continuous phase have the
tendency to sink
down to the bottom of the liquid, forming a layer enriched with emulsion
droplets. This effect is
called sedimentation. Whereas creaming and sedimentation are reversible
processes, coalescence
is an irreversible effect where individual emulsion droplets merge until, in
the end, two conti-
nuous phases are formed. Creaming, sedimentation and coalescence have to be
avoided, at least
during the time between production of the emulsion and the introduction of the
emulsion in the
intended formulation. To guarantee the stability of the emulsion until its
application, measures
like temperature control - avoiding too high as well as too low temperatures -
or the shipment in
stirred containers are needed, which adds to complexity in the supply chain as
well as to shipping
costs.
Besides, the incorporation of an emulsion, which already contains a large
amount of water, in an
aqueous formulation such as a hair care or laundry formulation reduces the
flexibility of the for-
mulator as to the choice of ingredients and the total concentration of the
final formulation.
The problem to be solved is to identify a polyolefine composition that has a
water content as low
as possible or, even better, is completely free of water and that can be
emulsified in aqueous for-
mulations and/or water without the need for a high shear emulsification or any
other standard
emulsification process. Ideally, the composition should be able to self-
emulsify only by stirring it
into water or an aqueous formulation.
This goal is surprisingly reached by the composition according to claims 1 to
12. The use of such
a composition according to claim 13 forms an additional aspect of the present
invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
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The present invention is directed to self-emulsifiable polyolefine
compositions, in particular to
self-emulsifiable polyisobutene compositions and the use of said emulsions.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
For the purpose of this invention the prefix (meth) written before a compound
means the respec-
tive unsubstituted compound and/or the compound substituted by the methyl
group. For instance,
"(meth)acrylic acid" means acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid,
(meth)acrylate means acrylate
and/or methacrylate, (meth)acrylamide means acrylamide and/or methacrylamide.
As used herein, the term "fabric and/or home care composition" means products
for
treating fabrics, hard surfaces and any other surfaces in the area of fabric
and home care,
including: laundry detergent products, fabric conditioners (including
softeners), laundry and rinse
additives and care products, hard surface cleaner products and/or treatment
products, car care
products, dishwashing products, air care products, and other cleaner products
for consumer and
institutional use.
As used herein, articles such as "a" and "an" when used in a claim, are
understood to
mean one or more of what is claimed or described.
As used herein, the terms "include", "includes" and "including" are meant to
be non-
limiting.
As used herein, the term "solid" includes granular, powder, bar and tablet
product forms.
As used herein, the term "fluid" includes liquid, gel, paste and gas product
forms.
As used herein, the term "situs" includes fabrics, garments, and hard
surfaces.
Unless otherwise noted, all component or composition levels are in reference
to the active
portion of that component or composition, and are exclusive of impurities, for
example, residual
solvents or by-products, which may be present in commercially available
sources of such
components or compositions.
All percentages and ratios are calculated by weight unless otherwise
indicated. All
percentages and ratios are calculated based on the total composition unless
otherwise indicated.
It should be understood that every maximum numerical limitation given
throughout this
specification includes every lower numerical limitation, as if such lower
numerical limitations
were expressly written herein. Every minimum numerical limitation given
throughout this
specification will include every higher numerical limitation, as if such
higher numerical
limitations were expressly written herein. Every numerical range given
throughout this
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
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specification will include every narrower numerical range that falls within
such broader
numerical range, as if such narrower numerical ranges were all expressly
written herein.Thus the
present invention is directed to a fabric and/or home care composition
comprising a self-
emulsifiable composition containing
a) polyolefine(s) in an amount of from 5 to 90 weight %,
b) polymeric emulsifier(s) P, in an amount of from 5 to 90 weight %,
c) oil(s) O,, in an amount of from 0 to 40 weight %,
d) surfactant(s) Sx in an amount of from 0 to 40 weight %,
e) additive(s) A,, in an amount of from 0 to 10 weight %,
f) water in an amount of from 0 to 8 weight %,
based on the total weight of the composition,
wherein water is not the continuous phase of the composition,
wherein the weight ratio of polyolefine(s) to P, and S,, is in the range of
from 4:1 to 1:3 and
the weight ratio of Px to S,, is higher than 1.25.
The self-emulsifiable composition can consist of components a) and b), in
which case the
amounts add up to 100 weight %, - such a composition forms a preferred
embodiment of the
present invention. The composition can also contain components a) and b) as
well as additional
components. Compositions, which in addition to components a) and b) also
contain components
c) and/or d) and/or e) form one preferred embodiment of the invention. The
inventive composi-
tion may also contain other components.
With regard to the amounts, in which the respective compounds are present in
the self-
emulsifiable composition there exist preferred ranges. Thus a composition
according to the in-
vention, wherein the components of the self-emulsifiable composition
independently of each oth-
er are present in amounts of:
a) polyolefine(s) in an amount of from 20 to 70 weight %,
b) polymer emulsifier(s) P,, in an amount of from 10 to 50 weight %,
c) oil(s) O, in an amount of from 0 to 40 weight %,
d) surfactant(s) S, in an amount of from 0.1 to 30 weight %,
e) additive(s) A, in an amount of from 0 to 10 weight %,
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
f) water in an amount of from 0 to 8 weight %,
based on the total weight of the composition,
wherein water is not the continuous phase of the composition,
wherein the weight ratio of polyolefine(s) to P,, and S, is in the range of
from 4:1 to 1:3 and
5 the weight ratio of Px to S, is higher than 1.25.
Even more preferred is a composition, wherein the components of the self-
emulsifiable composi-
tion independently of each other are present in amounts of:
a) polyolefine(s) in an amount of from 30 to 60 weight %,
b) polymer emulsifier(s) P, in an amount of from 20 to 45 weight %,
c) oil(s) Ox in an amount of from 0,1 to 30 weight %,
d) surfactant(s) S, in an amount of from 0,5 to 25 weight %,
e) additive(s) A,, in an amount of from 0,1 to 10 weight %,
f) water in an amount of from 0 to 8 weight %,
based on the total weight of the composition,
wherein water is not the continuous phase of the composition,
wherein the weight ratio of polyolefine(s) to P, and S,t is in the range from
4:1 to 1:3 and the
weight ratio of Px to S, is higher than 1.25.
And most preferred is a composition, wherein the components of the self-
emulsifiable composi-
tion independently of each other are present in amounts of:
a) polyolefine(s) in an amount of from 40 to 50 weight %,
b) polymeric emulsifier(s) P,, in an amount of from 25 to 40 weight %,
c) oil(s) 0, in an amount of from 5 to 15 weight %,
d) surfactant(s) S, in an amount of from 5 to 15 weight %,
e) additive(s) A,, in an amount of from 2 to 8 weight %,
fJ water in an amount of from 0 to 8 weight %,
based on the total weight of the composition
wherein water is not the continuous phase of the composition,
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wherein the weight ratio of polyolefine(s) to P, and S,, is in the range from
4:1 to 1:3 and
the weight ratio of Px to S, is higher than 1.25.
To maximize the content of polyolefine(s), it is advantageous to reduce the
amount of other
components in the emulsion. Therefore, further preferred emulsions are those,
which comprise:
a) polyolefine(s) in an amount of from 35 to 55 weight%,
b) polymeric emulsifier(s) P,, in an amount of from 30 to 45 weight %,
c) oil(s) O,, in an amount of 0,1 to 20 weight %,
d) surfactant(s) Sx in an amount of from 5 to 12 weight %,
e) additive(s) AX in an amount of from 0 to 10 weight %,
based on the total weight of the composition,
wherein water is not the continuous phase of the composition,
wherein the weight ratio of polyolefine(s) to PX and Sx is in the range from
4:1 to 1:3 and
the weight ratio of Px to S, is higher than 1.25
a) polyolefine(s) in an amount of from 50 to 65 weight %,
b) polymer(s) P,, in an amount of from 25 to 65 weight %,
c) oil(s) 0, in an amount of 0 weight %,
d) surfactant(s) Sx in an amount of from 5 to 12 weight %,
e) additive(s) AX in an amount of 0 weight %,
based on the total weight of the composition,
wherein water is not the continuous phase of the composition,
wherein the weight ratio of polyolefine(s) to Px and S,t is in the range from
4:1 to 1:3 and the
weight ratio of Px to S,, is higher than 1.25
a) polyolefine(s) in an amount of from 5 to 20 weight %,
b) polymer(s) P, in an amount of from 70 to 90 weight %,
c) oil(s) O,, in an amount of 0 to 15 weight %,
d) surfactant(s) S,, in an amount of from 0 weight %,
e) additive(s) A,, in an amount of 0,5 weight %,
based on the total weight of the composition,
wherein water is not the continuous phase of the composition,
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wherein the weight ratio of polyolefine(s) to P,, and S, is in the range from
4:1 to 1:3 and
the weight ratio of Px to S, is higher than 1.25
or
a) polyolefine(s) in an amount of from 40 to 60 weight %,
b) polymer(s) P, in an amount of from 40 to 60 weight %,
c) oil(s) O,t in an amount of from 0 to 5 weight %,
d) surfactant(s) S, in an amount of 0 weight %,
e) additive(s) A,, in an amount of from 0 to 8 weight %,
based on the total weight of the composition,
wherein water is not the continuous phase of the composition,
wherein the weight ratio of polyolefine(s) to P, and S, is in the range from
4:1 to 1:3 and the
weight ratio of Px to S, is higher than 1,25.
In order to test whether or not water is the continuous phase of the
composition, a conductivity
measurement is used, showing that the compositions have a low conductivity in
the range of the
pure polyolefine(s), oil(s) or surfactant(s), and not a high conductivity as
water.
The composition according to the invention is self-emulsifiable, i.e. when
mixed in an aqueous
formulation, simple stirring is required for the composition to form an
emulsion.
In one embodiment of the invention, the self-emulsifiable composition is a
water-free composi-
tion. Water-free compositions are prepared without added water. Nevertheless,
there might be
minor amounts of residual water originating from the water content of the raw
materials. Self-
emulsifiable water-free compositions contain less than 2 weight% of water,
preferably less than 1
weight% of water, even more preferably, less than 0.5 weight% of water.
In another embodiment of the invention, the self-emulsifiable composition is a
water-reduced
composition. Water-reduced compositions are prepared by adding a reduced
amount of water, in
order to reduce the viscosity of the self-emulsifiable composition, so that
the total amount of wa-
ter in the composition lies in the range of from 2 to 8 weight%, preferably
from 2 to 6 weight%,
even more preferably from 2 to 5 weight%.
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Not only the amount but also the nature of the components of the inventive
composition can be
chosen advantageously:
In general polyolefine(s) as used in the present invention is/are a chemical
compound(s) consist-
ing of carbon and hydrogen atoms. The polyolefine(s) can be linear, e.g.
polyethylene, or can
have side chains, e.g. polypropylene having methyl-side chains, which side
chains may be that
long that comb-like structures are found, or can be co- or ter-polymers, e.g.
ethene/propene-
copolymer or ethane/propene/hexane-terpolymer. It is particularly preferred,
when the polyole-
fine(s) is/are substantially homopolymers, i.e. the degree of co- or ter-
monomer is below 10
mass%, preferably below 5 mass% based on the mass of the polymer. It is
particularly preferred,
if the polymer(s) is/are homopolymers, i.e. they consist of only one kind of
monomer.
In particular a composition, wherein the polyolefine(s) a) is/are selected
from the group consist-
ing of. polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene and polyisobutylene is
preferred. The compo-
sition can comprise one or more polyolefine. An emulsion, which only comprises
one polyolefine
a) is preferred. A composition, which only comprises polyisobutylene as
polyolefine a) is par-
ticularly preferred. The polyolefines a) can be prepared by the usual
procedures (Ullmann's En-
cyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Polyolefins, Whiteley, Heggs, Koch, Mawer,
Immel, Wiley-
VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim 2005). The production of polyisobutylene
is de-
scribed e.g. in WO 02/06359 and WO 96/40808 in even more detail. The
polyolefine(s) a) pre-
ferably has/have of molar mass (Mn) of at least 250 g/mol, preferably at least
350 g/mol and
more preferred at least 500 g/mol. The polyolefin(s) a) have a maximum molar
mass Mn of
10.000 g/mol, preferably 5000 g/mol and more preferred of 2500 g/mol. The most
preferred
range of the molar mass Mn of polyolefins a) is from 550 to 2000 g/mol.
Also the self-emulsifiable composition according to the invention comprises
polymeric emulsifi-
er(s) P,t, wherein Px is/are selected from the group consisting of
P1) polyisobutene derivatives, wherein P1 is polyisobutenamine, polyisobutene
succinic anhy-
dride, a copolymer of polyisobuten succinic anhydride with polyalkylene
glycol, a copolymer of
polyisobuten succinic anhydride with an oligoamine or with an oligoamine
alkoxylate.
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Polyisobutylene succinic acid is prepared by en-reaction of succinic anhydride
and polyisobuty-
lene, as described in DE-A 19519042, DE-A 4319671, DE-A 4319672 or H. Mach and
P. Rath in
"Lubrication Science 11 (1999), S. 175-185. The preparation of polyisobutene
and polyisobutene
amine is described in EP244616 and references cited therein. Copolymers of
polyisobutene suc-
cinic anhydride with polyalkylene glycol are described in W02007/014915.
Copolymers of suc-
cinic anhydride with oligoamine or with an oligoamine alkoxylate are described
in
PCT/EP2011/057586. For all polyisobutylene derivatives, the polyisobutylene
part has a molar
mass (Me) of at least 250 g/mol, preferably at least 350 g/mol and more
preferred at least 500
g/mol, and a maximum molar mass Mn of 10.000 g/mol, preferably 5000 g/mol and
more pre-
ferred of 2500 g/mol. The most preferred range of the molar mass Mn of the
polyisobutylene part
is from 550 to 2000 g/mol.
Polymer PI is preferably selected from the group consisting of polyisobutene
derivatives, where-
in Pl is polyisobutenamine, polyisobutene succinic anhydride, a copolymer of
polyisobuten suc-
cinic anhydride and polyethylene glycol.
P2) polymeric cationic emulsifiers, wherein P2 is the result of the
polymerization of
A2) one or more cationic ethylenically unsaturated monomers (monomer A2)
B2) one or more linear or branched alkyl(meth)acrylates (Monomer B2),
C2) from 0 to 30 weight % of one or more C3-C8 monoethylenically unsaturated
car-
boxylic acids (Monomer C2),
Monomer A2 is a cationic monoethylenically unsaturated monomer which is at
least partially
soluble in water of the reaction solvent, or in the other monomers if no water
or solvent is used.
Suitable examples of monomer A are (3-acrylamidopropyl)-trimethylammonium
chloride (AP-
TAC), (3-methacrylamidopropyl)-trimethylammonium chloride (MAPTAC),
dimethylaminopro-
pylacrylat methochlorid, dimethylaminopropylmethacrylat methochlorid, diallyl
dimethyl am-
monium chloride (DADMAC). Monomer A is preferably DADMAC.
Monomer B2 is a linear or branched alkyl (meth)acrylate, preferably a C10-00
al-
kyl(meth)acry late, even more preferably a C12-C20 alkyl(meth)acrylate.
Suitable monomers B
include linear and branched alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid, such as octyl
acrylate, dodecyl
acrylate, lauryl acrylate, cetyl acrylate, octadecyl acrylate, isodecyl
acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acry-
late. Monomer B is preferably lauryl acrylate (LA).
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
Monomer C2 is a C3-C8 monoethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid. Suitable
examples of
monomer C include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid,
maleic anyhydride,
fumaric acid, itaconic acid and alkyli and metal salts thereof. Monomer C is
preferably acrylic
acid (AA).
5
With regard to the amounts in which the respective monomers are present in the
polymer P2,
there are preferred ranges. Thus the polymer P, is preferably the product of
the polymerization of
A2) from 60 to 95 weight % of monomer A2,
B2) from 5 to 45 weight % of monomer B2,
10 C2) from 0 to 30 weight % of monomer C2.
Even more preferred is a polymer P2 which is the product of the polymerization
of:
A2) from 70 to 90 weight % of monomer A2,
B2) from 10 to 35 weight % of monomer B2,
C2) from 5 to 20 weight % of monomer C2.
Another preferred embodiment is a polymer P2 which is the product of the
polymerization of:
A2) from 70 to 90 weight % of monomer A2,
B2) from 10 to 35 weight % of monomer B2,
C2) 0 weight % of monomer C2.
Most preferably, polymer P2) is a polymeric cationic emulsifier, wherein P2 is
the result of the
polymerization of
A2) diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride,
B2) one or more linear or branched alkyl(meth)acrylates,
C2) from 0 to 30 weight % of acrylic acid.
P3) being copolymers of polyalkylene(s) of formula 3
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R' R' R*
R
R R
3
wherein:
R* = H, CH3,
R = H, methyl,
R' = H, methyl,
n = 1 to 200,
with monoethylenically unsaturated monomers.
With regard to copolymers of polyalkylene(s) of formula 3, there exist
preferred embodiments.
Thus, the polyalkylene(s) of formula 3 is preferrably composed of:
R*=R=R'=CHY
n=1to200
In another embodiment of the invention, polyalkylene(s) of formula 3 is
preferably composed of:
R*=R=R'=H
n = 1 to 200
The self-emulsifiable composition can comprise one or more polymers of one or
more of the
groups PI), P2) and P3). If two or more polymers of one group and/or of
different groups are
present, they can be present in equal amounts or in different amounts.
A self-emulsifiable composition, wherein the oil(s) O,, is/are selected from
the group consisting
of:
cl) mineral oils, having a boiling point at atmospheric pressure of 150 C or
higher
c2) esters of C10- to C26-carboxylic acid with C8 - C24-alcohols and
c3) silicone oils forms a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Preferred oil(s) Ox are mineral oils available under the names mineral oil
light, mineral oil heavy,
paraffin liquid or Nujol, that are liquid at room temperature. One example is
mineral oil available
from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH, Munich, under the order number 69808.
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Particularly preferred oils are silicone oils. Preferred silicone contents are
less that 5 weight %,
preferably less than 3 weight%, even more preferably less than 1 weight%.
Suitable silicone oils
are, for example, linear polydimethylsiloxanes, poly(methylphenylsiloxanes),
cyclic siloxanes,
polyethersiloxanes, dimethicone copolyols (CTFA) and amino-functional silicone
compounds
such as amodimethicones (CTFA) and mixtures thereof. The number-average
molecular weight
of the polylsiloxanes is preferably in a range from about 1000 to 150 000
g/mol.
A self-emulsifiable composition, wherein the surfactant(s) S,t is/are selected
from the group con-
sisting of:
dl) nonionic surfactants,
d2) anionic surfactants and
d3) cationic surfactants is preferred.
Surfactants normally consist of a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic part. Thereby
the hydrophobic
part normally has a chain length of 4 to 20 C-atoms, preferably 6 to 19 C-
atoms and particularly
preferred 8 to 18 C-atoms. The functional unit of the hydrophobic group is
generally an OH-
group, whereby the alcohol can be linear or branched. The hydrophilic part
generally consists
substantially of alkoxylated units (e.g. ethylene oxide (EO), propylene oxide
(PO) and/or buty-
lene oxide (BO), whereby generally 2 to 30, preferably 5 to 20 of these
alkoxylated units are an-
nealed, and/or charged units such as sulfate, sulfonate, phosphate, carbonic
acids, ammonium
and ammonium oxide.
Examples of anionic surfactants are: carboxylates, sulfonates, sulfo fatty
acid methylesters, sul-
fates, phosphates. Examples for cationic surfactants are: quarternary ammonium
compounds.
Examples for betaine-surfactants are: alkyl betaines. Examples for non-ionic
compounds are:
alcohol alkoxylates.
A "carboxylate" is a compound, which comprises at least one carboxylate-group
in the molecule.
Examples of carboxylates, which can be used according to the present
invention, are
- soaps - e.g. stearates, oleates, cocoates of alkali metals or of ammonium,
- ethercarboxylates - e.g. Akypo RO 20, Akypo RO 50, Akypo RO 90.
A "sulfonate" is a compound, which comprises at least one sulfonate-group in
the molecule. Ex-
amples of sulfonates, which can be used according to the invention, are
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
13
- alkyl benzene sulfonates - e.g. Lutensit A-LBS, Lutensit A-LBN, Lutensit
A-
LBA, Marlon AS3, Maranil DBS,
- alkyl sulfonates - e.g. Alscoap OS-14P, BIO-TERGE AS-40, BIO-TERGE AS-40
CG, BIO-TERGE AS-90 Beads, Calimulse AOS-20, Calimulse AOS-40, Calsoft
AOS-40, Colonial AOS-40, Elfan OS 46, Ifrapon AOS 38, Ifrapon AOS 38 P,
Jeenate AOS-40, Nikkol OS-14, Norfox ALPHA XL, POLYSTEP A-18, Rhodac-
al A-246L, Rhodacal LSS-40/A,
- sulfonated oils such as Turkish red oil,
- olefine sulfonates,
- aromatic sulfonates - e.g. Nekal BX, Dowfax 2A I.
A "sulfo fatty acid methylester" is a compound, having the following general
formula (I):
3Na
R SO
OMe
O
(1),
wherein R has 10 to 20 C-atoms; preferably 12 to 18 and particularly preferred
14 to 16 C-atoms.
A õsulfate" is a compound, which comprises at least one S04-group in the
molecule. Examples of
sulfates, which can be used according to the present invention, are
- fatty acid alcohol sulfates such as coco fatty alcohol sulfate (CAS 97375-27-
4) - e.g.
EMAL I OG, Dispersogen SI, Elfan 280, Mackol I OON,
- other alcohol sulfates - e.g. Emal 71, Lanette E,
- coco fatty alcohol ethersulfates - e.g. Emal 20C, Latemul E150, Sulfochem
ES-7,
Texapon ASV-70 Spec., Agnique SLES-229-F, Octosol 828, POLYSTEP B-23,
Unipol 125-E, 130-E, Unipol ES-40,
- other alcohol ethersulfates - e.g. Avanel S-150, Avanel S 150 CG, Avanel
S 150
CG N, Witcolate D51-51, Witcolate D51-53.
A "phosphate" is a compound, which comprises at least one P04-group. Examples
of phosphates,
which can be used according to the present invention, are
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- alkyl ether phosphates - e.g. Maphos 37P, Maphos 54P, Maphos 37T, Maphos
21 OT and Maphos 21 OP,
- phosphates such as Lutensit A-EP,
- alkyl phosphates.
When producing the chemical composition of the present invention the anionic
surfactants are
preferably added as salts. Acceptable salts are e.g. alkali metal salts, such
as sodium-, potassium-
and lithium salts, and ammonium salts, such as hydroxyl ethylammonium-,
di(hydroxy-
ethyl)ammonium- and tri(hydroxyethyl)ammonium salts.
One group of the cationic surfactants are the quarternary ammonium compounds.
A "quarternary ammonium compound" is a compound, which comprises at least one
R4N+-group
per molecule. Examples of counter ions, which are useful in the quarternary
ammonium com-
pounds, are
- halogens, methosulfates, sulfates and carbonates of coco fat-, sebaceous fat-
or
cetyl/oleyltrimethylammonium.
Particularly suitable cationic surfactants are:
- N,N-dimethyl-N-(hydroxy-C7-C25-alkyl)ammonium salts;
- mono- and di-(C7-C25-alkyl)dimethylammonium compounds, which were
quarternised
with alkylating agents
- esterquats, especially mono-, di- and trialkanolamines, quarternary
esterified by C8-C22-
carbonic acids;
- imidazolinquats, especially 1-alkylimidazoliniumsalts of formula II or III
R"
9 N 9 N
R~ R~ )
N N
R10/ \Rii R10/
II III
wherein the variables have the following meaning:
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
R9 C1-C25-alkyl or C2-C25-alkenyl;
R10 C1-C4-alkyl or hydroxy-C1-C4-alkyl;
R" C1-C4-alkyl, hydroxy-C1-C4-alkyl or a rest R'-(CO)-X-(CH2),,- (X:-O- or -NH-
; m: 2
or 3),
5 whereby at least one rest R9 is C7-C22-alkyl.
A "betain-surfactant" is a compound, which comprises under conditions of use -
i.e. in the case
of textile washing under normal pressure and at temperatures of from room
temperature to 95 C
- at least one positive charge and at least one negative charge. An
"alkylbetain" is a betain-
10 surfactant, which comprises at least one alkyl-unit per molecule. Examples
of betain-surfactants,
which can be used according to the invention, are
Cocamidopropylbetain - e.g. MAFO CAB, Amonyl 380 BA, AMPHOSOL CA, AM-
PHOSOL CG, AMPHOSOL CR, AMPHOSOL HCG; AMPHOSOL HCG-50, Chembe-
taine C, Chembetaine CGF, Chembetaine CL, Dehyton PK, Dehyton PK 45,
Emery
15 6744, Empigen BS/F, Empigen BS/FA, Empigen BS/P, Genagen CAB, Lonzaine
C,
Lonzaine CO, Mirataine BET-C-30, Mirataine CB, Monateric CAB, Naxaine C,
Nax-
aine CO, Norfox CAPB, Norfox Coco Betaine, Ralufon 414, TEGO -Betain CKD,
TE-
GO Betain E KE 1, TEGO -Betain F, TEGO -Betain F 50 and aminoxides such as
alkyl di-
methyl amineoxide, i.e. compounds of general formula (IV)
R1
I
R3--O
I
R2
(IV),
whereby RI, R2 and R3 are chosen independently from each other of an
aliphatic, cyclic or ter-
tiary alkyl- or amido alkyl-moiety, e.g. Mazox LDA, Genaminox , Aromox 14 DW
970.
Non-ionic surfactants are interfacially active substances having a head group,
which is an un-
charged, polar, hydrophilic group, not carrying an ionic charge at neutral pH,
and which head
group makes the non-ionic surfactant water soluble. Such a surfactant adsorbs
at interfaces and
aggregates to micelles above the critical micelle concentration (cmc).
According to the type of
the hydrophilic head group it can be distinguished between (oligo)oxyalkylene-
groups, especially
(oligo)oxyethylene-groups, (polyethyleneglycol-groups), including fatty
alcohol polyglycol ether
(fatty alcohol alkoxylates), alkylphenol polyglycolether and fatty acid
ethoxylates, alkoxylated
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
16
triglycerides and mixed ethers (polyethylene glycolether alkoxylated on both
sides); and carbo-
hydrate-groups, including e.g. alkyl polyglucosides and fatty acid-N-
methylglucamides.
Alcohol alkoxylates, are based on a hydrophobic part having a chain length of
4 to 20 C-atoms,
preferably 6 to 19 C-atoms and particularly preferred 8 to 18 C-atoms, whereby
the alcohol can
be linear or branched, and a hydrophilic part, which can be alkoxylated units,
e.g. ethylene oxide
(EO), propylene oxide (PO) and/or butylene oxide (BuO), having 2 to 30
repeating units. Exam-
ples are besides others Lutensol XP, Lutensol XL, Lutensol ON, Lutensol
AT, Lu-
tensol A, Lutensol AO, Lutensol TO.
Alcoholphenolalkoxylates are compounds according to general formula (V),
R3
_ R5
R2 OO+R4
R1
(V),
which can be produced by addition of alkylene oxide, preferably ethylene oxide
onto alkyl phe-
nols. Preferably R4 = H. It is also preferred, if R5 = H; in the same way it
is preferred if R5 =
CH3, or, if R5 = CH2CH3. A compound is especially preferred, in which octyl-
[(R1 = R3 = H,
R2 = 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl (diisobutylene)], nonyl- [(R1 = R3 = H, R2 =
1,3,5-trimethylhexyl
(tripropylene)], dodecyl-, dinonyl- or tributylphenolpolyglycolether (e.g. EO,
PO, BuO), R-C61714-
0-(EO/PO/BuO)n with R = C8 to C12 and n = 5 to 10, are present. Non-limiting
examples of
such compounds are: Norfox OP-102, Surfonic OP-120, T-Det 0-12.
Fatty acid ethoxylates are fatty acid esters, which have been treated with
different amounts of
ethylene oxide (EO).
Triglycerides are esters of the glycerols (glycerides), in which all three
hydroxy-groups have
been esterified using fatty acids. These can be modified by alkylene oxides.
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
17
Fatty acid alkanol amides are compounds of general formula (VI)
O OJmH
N
R , ~O~r, H
(VI),
which comprise at least one amide-group having one alkyl moiety R and one or
two alkoxyl-
moiety(ies), whereby R comprises 11 to 17 C-atoms and 1 <_ m + n S 5.
Alkylpolyglycosides are mixtures of alkylmonoglucosides (alkyl- a-D- and - (3-
D-gluco-
pyranoside plus small amounts of -glucofuranoside), alkyldiglucosides (-
isomaltosides, -
maltosides and others) and alkyloligoglucosides (-maltotriosides, -tetraosides
and others). Alkyl-
polyglycosides are among other routes accessible by acid catalysed reaction
(Fischer-reaction)
from glucose (or starch) or from n-butylglucosides with fatty alcohols.
Alkylpolyglycosides fit
general formula (VII)
OH OH
O O
OH OH
mO
H+O OH OHO +C ".. CH3
(VII),
with
m=0to3and
n=4to20.
One example is Lutensol GD70.
In the group of non-ionic N-alkylated, preferably N-methylated, fatty acid
amides of general for-
mula (VIII)
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
18
0 OH OH
R2~ OH
I ___~
R1 OH OH
(VIII),
R1 is a n-C12-alkyl-moiety, R2 an alkyl-moiety having 1 to 8 C-atoms. R2
preferably is methyl.
A self-emulsifiable composition, wherein the additive(s) A,, is/are selected
from the group con-
sisting of:
disinfectant, dye, acid, base, complexing agent, biocide, hydrotope,
thickener, builder, cobuilder,
enzyme, bleaching agent, bleach activator, bleaching catalyst, corrosion
inhibitor, dye protection
additive, dye transfer inhibitor, anti-greying agent, soil-release-polymer,
fiber protection agent,
silicon, bactericide, preserving agent, organic solvent, solubility adjustor,
solubility enhancer,
perfume, gel formers, dyes, pigments, photoprotective agents, consistency
regulators, antioxi-
dants, bleaches, care agents, tints, tanning agents, humectants, refatting
agents, collagen, protein
hydrolysates, lipids, emollients, softeners, antifoams, antistats, resins,
solvents, solubility promo-
ters, neutralizing agents, stabilizers, sterilizing agents, propellants,
drying agents, opacifiers is
preferred.
Disinfectants can be: oxidation agents, halogens such as chlorine and iodine
and substances,
which release the same, alcohols such as ethanol, 1-propanol and 2-propanol,
aldehydes, phe-
noles, ethylene oxide, chlorohexidine and mecetroniummetilsulfate.
The advantage of using disinfectants is that pathogenic germs can hardly grow.
Pathogenic germs
can be: bacteria, spores, fungi and viruses.
Dyes can be besides others: Acid Blue 9, Acid Yellow 3, Acid Yellow 23, Acid
Yellow 73, Pig-
ment Yellow 101, Acid Green 1, Acid Green 25.
Acids are compounds that can advantageously be used to solve or to avoid
scaling. Non-limiting
examples of acids are formic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, hydrochloric
acid, sulfuric acid and
sulfonic acid.
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
19
Bases are compounds, which are useful for adjusting a preferable pH-range for
complexing
agents. Examples of bases, which can be used according to the present
invention, are: NaOH,
KOH and amine ethanol.
As inorganic builder the following are especially useful:
- crystalline and amorphous alumino silicates having ion exchanging
properties, such as zeo-
lites: different types of zeolites are useful, especially those of type A, X,
B, P, MAP and
HS in their Na-modification or in modifications in which Na is partially
substituted by oth-
er cat ions such as Li, K, Ca, Mg or ammonium;
- crystalline silicates, such as disilicates and layer-silicates, e.g. 8- and
R-Na2Si2O5. The sili-
cates can be used as alkali metal-, earth alkali metal- or ammonium salts, the
Na-, Li- and
Mg-silicates are preferred;
- amorphous silicates, such as sodium metasilicate and amorphous disilicate;
- carbonates and hydrogencarbonates: These can be used as alkali metal-, earth
alkali metal-
or ammonium salts. Na-, Li- and Mg-carbonates and -hydrogen carbonate,
especially so-
dium carbonate and/or sodium hydrogen carbonate are preferred;
- polyphosphates, such as pentanatriumtriphosphate.
Useful as oligomeric and polymeric cobuilders are:
Oligomeric and polymeric carbonic acids, such as homopolymers of acrylic acid
and aspartic
acid, oligomaleic acid, copolymers of maleic acid and acrylic acid,
methacrylic acid or C2-C22-
olefines, e.g. isobutene or long chain a-olefines, vinyl-Ci-Cg-alkylether,
vinylacetate, vinylpro-
pionate, (meth)acryl acid ester of C,-C8-alcohols and styrene. Preferred are
the homopolymers of
acrylic acid and the copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid. The
oligomeric and polymeric
carbonic acids preferably are used as acids or as sodium salts.
Chelating agents are compounds, which can bind cations. They can be used to
reduce water
hardness and to precipitate heavy metals. Examples of complexing agents are:
NTA, EDTA,
MGDA, DTPA, DTPMP, IDS, HEDP, p-ADA, GLDA, citric acid, oxodisuccinic acid and
buta-
netetracarbonic acid. The advantage of the use of these compounds lies in the
fact that many
compounds, which serve as cleaning agents, are more active in soft water. In
addition to that
scaling can be reduced or even be avoided. By using such compounds there is no
need to dry a
cleaned surface. This is an advantage in the work flow.
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
Useful anti greying agents are e.g. carboxymethylcellulose and graft polymers
of vinyl acetate on
polyethylene glycol.
Useful bleaching agents are e.g. adducts of hydrogenperoxide at inorganic
salts, such as sodium
5 perborate-monohydrate, sodium perborate-tetrahydrate and sodium carbonate-
perhydrate, and
percarbonic acids, such as phthalimidopercapronic acid.
As bleach activators compounds such as N,N,N',N'-tetraacetylethylendiamine
(TAED), sodium-
p-nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate and N-methylmorpholiniumacetonitrilemethyl-
sulfate are use-
10 ful.
Useful enzymes are e.g. proteases, lipases, amylases, cellulases, mannanases,
oxidases and pe-
roxidases.
15 Useful as dye transfer inhibitors are e.g. homo-, co- and graft-polymers of
1-vinylpyrrolidone, 1-
vinylimidazol or 4-vinylpyridine-N-oxide. Also homo- and copolymers of 4-
vinylpyridin, which
have been treated with chloro acetic acid are useful dye transfer inhibitors.
Biocides are compounds which kill bacteria. An example of a biocide is
glutaric aldehyde. The
20 advantage of the use of biocides is that the spreading of pathogenic germs
is counteracted.
Hydrotropes are compounds which enhance the solubility of the surfactant / the
surfactants in the
chemical composition. An example is: Cumolsulfonate.
Thickeners are compounds, which enhance the viscosity of the chemical
composition. Non-
limiting examples of thickeners are: polyacrylates and hydrophobically
modified polyacrylates.
The advantage of the use of thickeners is, that liquids having a higher
viscosity have a longer
residence time on the surface to be treated in the cases this surface is
inclined or even vertical.
This leads to an enhanced time of interaction.
A self-emulsifiable composition, which has a content of organic solvent below
50 mg/kg of
emulsion is particularly preferred.
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
21
A self-emulsifiable composition that forms a transparent, homogeneous oil-
phase forms one pre-
ferred embodiment of the present invention.
The self-emulsifiable compositions can be prepared by simply mixing and
stirring the com-
pounds a) to e) with each other until a homogeneous composition is obtained.
The step of combining the components can vary: in one preferred embodiment,
polymer(s) P, is
dissolved in polyisobutene, optionally comprising oil(s) and/or additional
components, and then
optionally combined with surfactants and additional components.
In another preferred embodiment, polymer(s) Px is optionally mixed with
surfactants and/or addi-
tional components, and then combined with polyisobutene phase, comprising
polyisobutene and
optionally oil(s) and/or additional components.
The use of the self-emulsifiable composition as described above in car wash,
forms another as-
pect of the present invention.
Aspects of the invention include the use of the self-emulsifiable composition
disclosed herein in
laundry detergent compositions (e.g., TIDETM), hard surface cleaners (e.g., MR
CLEANTM),
automatic dishwashing liquids (e.g., CASCADETM), and dishwashing liquids
(e.g., DAWNTM).
Non-limiting examples of cleaning compositions may include those described in
U.S. Pat. Nos.
4,515,705; 4,537,706; 4,537,707; 4,550,862; 4,561,998; 4,597,898; 4,968,451;
5,565,145;
5,929,022; 6,294,514; and 6,376,445. The cleaning compositions disclosed
herein are typically
formulated such that, during use in aqueous cleaning operations, the wash
water will have a pH
of between about 6.5 and about 12, or between about 7.5 and 10.5. Liquid
dishwashing product
formulations typically have a pH between about 6.8 and about 9Ø Cleaning
products are
typically formulated to have a pH of from about 7 to about 12. Techniques for
controlling pH at
recommended usage levels include the use of buffers, alkalis, acids, etc., and
are well known to
those skilled in the art.
Fabric treatment compositions disclosed herein typically comprise a fabric
softening active
("FSA") and a nonionic care agent disclosed herein. Suitable fabric softening
actives, include,
but are not limited to, materials selected from the group consisting of quats,
amines, fatty esters,
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
22
sucrose esters, silicones, dispersible polyolefins, clays, polysaccharides,
fatty oils, polymer
latexes and mixtures thereof.
Additional Fabric and/or Home care Ingredients
The disclosed compositions may include additional adjunct ingredients. Adjunct
ingredients
include, but are not limited to, deposition aids, bleach activators,
surfactants, builders, chelating
agents, dye transfer inhibiting agents, dispersants, enzymes, and enzyme
stabilizers, catalytic
metal complexes, polymeric dispersing agents, clay and soil removal/anti-
redeposition agents,
brighteners, suds suppressors, dyes, additional perfumes and perfume delivery
systems, structure
elasticizing agents, fabric softeners, carriers, hydrotropes, processing aids
and/or pigments. The
adjunct ingredients are in addition to an materials that are specifically
recited in an embodiment
that is disclosed and/or claimed. Each adjunct ingredient may be not essential
to Applicants'
compositions. Thus, certain embodiments of Applicants' compositions do not
contain one or
more of the following adjuncts materials: a deposition aids, bleach
activators, surfactants,
builders, chelating agents, dye transfer inhibiting agents, dispersants,
enzymes, and enzyme
stabilizers, catalytic metal complexes, polymeric dispersing agents, clay and
soil removal/anti-
redeposition agents, brighteners, suds suppressors, dyes, additional perfumes
and perfume
delivery systems, structure elasticizing agents, fabric softeners, carriers,
hydrotropes, processing
aids and/or pigments. However, when one or more adjuncts are present, such one
or more
adjuncts may be present as detailed below The following is a non-limiting list
of suitable
additional adjuncts.
Deposition Aid - In one aspect, the fabric treatment composition may comprise
from about
0.01% to about 10%, from about 0.05 to about 5%, or from about 0.15 to about
3% of a
deposition aid. Suitable deposition aids are disclosed in, for example, USPA
Serial Number
12/080,358.
In one aspect, the deposition aid may be a cationic or amphoteric polymer. In
another aspect, the
deposition aid may be a cationic polymer. Cationic polymers in general and
their method of
manufacture are known in the literature. In one aspect, the cationic polymer
may have a cationic
charge density of from about 0.005 to about 23, from about 0.01 to about 12,
or from about 0.1 to
about 7 milliequivalents/g, at the pH of intended use of the composition. For
amine-containing
polymers, wherein the charge density depends on the pH of the composition,
charge density is
measured at the intended use pH of the product. Such pH will generally range
from about 2 to
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
23
about 11, more generally from about 2.5 to about 9.5. Charge density is
calculated by dividing
the number of net charges per repeating unit by the molecular weight of the
repeating unit. The
positive charges may be located on the backbone of the polymers and/or the
side chains of
polymers.
Non-limiting examples of deposition enhancing agents are cationic or
amphoteric,
polysaccharides, proteins and synthetic polymers. Cationic polysaccharides
include cationic
cellulose derivatives, cationic guar gum derivatives, chitosan and derivatives
and cationic
starches. Cationic polysaccharides have a molecular weight from about 50,000
to about 2
million, or even from about 100,000 to about 3,500,000. Suitable cationic
polysaccharides
include cationic cellulose ethers, particularly cationic hydroxyethylcellulose
and cationic
hydroxypropylcellulose. Examples of cationic hydroxyalkyl cellulose include
those with the
INCI name Polyquatemium10 such as those sold under the trade names UcareTM
Polymer JR
30M, JR 400, JR 125, LR 400 and LK 400 polymers; Polyquaternium 67 such as
those sold
under the trade name Softcat SK TM, all of which are marketed by Amerchol
Corporation,
Edgewater NJ; and Polyquaternium 4 such as those sold under the trade name
CelquatTM H200
and CelquatTM L-200 available from National Starch and Chemical Company,
Bridgewater, NJ.
Other suitable polysaccharides include Hydroxyethyl cellulose or
hydoxypropylcellulose
quaternized with glycidyl C12-C22 alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride. Examples
of such
polysaccharides include the polymers with the INCI names Polyquaternium 24
such as those
sold under the trade name Quaternium LM 200 by Amerchol Corporation, Edgewater
NJ .
Cationic starches described by D. B. Solarek in Modified Starches, Properties
and Uses published
by CRC Press (1986) and in U.S. Pat. No. 7,135,451, col. 2, line 33 - col. 4,
line 67. Cationic
galactomannans include cationic guar gums or cationic locust bean gum. An
example of a
cationic guar gum is a quaternary ammonium derivative of Hydroxypropyl Guar
such as those
sold under the trade name Jaguar C13 and Jaguar Excel available from Rhodia,
Inc of
Cranbury NJ and N-Hance by Aqualon, Wilmington, DE.
Another group of suitable cationic polymers includes those produced by
polymerization of
ethylenically unsaturated monomers using a suitable initiator or catalyst,
such as those disclosed
in USPN 6,642,200.
Suitable polymers may be selected from the group consisting of cationic or
amphoteric
polysaccharide, polyethylene imine and its derivatives, and a synthetic
polymer made by
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
24
polymerizing one or more cationic monomers selected from the group consisting
of N,N-
dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, N,N-
dialkylaminoalkyl
acrylamide, N,N-dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylamide, quaternized N, N
dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate
quaternized N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, quaternized N,N-
dialkylaminoalkyl
acrylamide, quaternized N,N-dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylamide,
Methacryloamidopropyl-
pentamethyl-1,3-propylene-2-ol-ammonium dichloride, N,N,N,N',N',N",N"-
heptamethyl-N"-3-
(1-oxo-2-methyl-2- propenyl)aminopropyl-9- oxo-8-azo-decane-1,4,10-triammonium
trichloride,
vinylamine and its derivatives, allylamine and its derivatives, vinyl
imidazole, quaternized vinyl
imidazole and diallyl dialkyl ammonium chloride and combinations thereof, and
optionally a
second monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylamide, N,N-dialkyl
acrylamide,
methacrylamide, N,N-dialkylmethacrylamide, C1-C12 alkyl acrylate, C1-C12
hydroxyalkyl
acrylate, polyalkylene glyol acrylate, C 1-C 12 alkyl methacrylate, CI-C12
hydroxyalkyl
methacrylate, polyalkylene glycol methacrylate, vinyl acetate, vinyl alcohol,
vinyl formamide,
vinyl acetamide, vinyl alkyl ether, vinyl pyridine, vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl
imidazole, vinyl
caprolactam, and derivatives, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid,
vinyl sulfonic acid,
styrene sulfonic acid, acrylamidopropylmethane sulfonic acid (AMPS) and their
salts. The
polymer may optionally be branched or cross-linked by using branching and
crosslinking
monomers. Branching and crosslinking monomers include ethylene
glycoldiacrylate
divinylbenzene, and butadiene. In another aspect, the treatment composition
may comprise an
amphoteric deposition aid polymer so long as the polymer possesses a net
positive charge. Said
polymer may have a cationic charge density of about 0.05 milliequivalents/g.
to about 18
milliequivalents/g.
In another aspect, the deposition aid may be selected from the group
consisting of cationic
polysaccharide, polyethylene imine and its derivatives, poly(acrylamide-co-
diallyldimethylammonium chloride), poly(acrylamide-
methacrylamidopropyltrimethyl
ammonium chloride), poly(acrylamide-co-N,N-dimethyl aminoethyl acrylate) and
its quaternized
derivatives, poly(acrylamide-co-N,N-dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate) and its
quaternized
derivative, poly(hydroxyethylacrylate-co-dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate),
poly(hydroxpropylacrylate-co-dimethyl aminoethyl methacrylate),
poly(hydroxpropylacrylate-
co-m ethacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride), poly(acrylamide-co-
diallyldimethylammonium chloride-co-acrylic acid), poly(acrylamide-
methacrylamidopropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride-co-acrylic acid),
poly(diallyldimethyl
ammonium chloride), poly(vinylpyrrolidone-co-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate),
poly(ethyl
methacrylate-co-quaternized dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate), poly(ethyl
methacrylate-co-
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
oleyl methacrylate-co-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate),
poly(diallyldimethylammonium
chloride-co-acrylic acid), poly(vinyl pyrrolidone-co-quaternized vinyl
imidazole) and
poly(acrylamide-co-Methacryloamidopropyl-pentamethyl-1,3-propylene-2-ol-
ammonium
dichloride), Suitable deposition aids include Polyquaternium-1, Polyquaternium-
5,
5 Polyquaternium-6, Polyquaternium-7, Polyquaternium-8, Polyquaternium-11,
Polyquaternium-
14, Polyquaternium-22, Polyquaternium-28, Polyquaternium-30, Polyquaternium-32
and
Polyquaternium-33, as named under the International Nomenclature for Cosmetic
Ingredients.
In one aspect, the deposition aid may comprise polyethyleneimine or a
polyethyleneimine
derivative. A suitable polyethyleneinine useful herein is that sold under the
trade name
10 Lupasol by BASF, SE, and Ludwigshafen, Germany.
In another aspect, the deposition aid may comprise a cationic acrylic based
polymer. In a further
aspect, the deposition aid may comprise a cationic polyacrylamide. In another
aspect, the
deposition aid may comprise a polymer comprising polyacrylamide and
15 polymethacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium cation. In another aspect, the
deposition aid
may comprise poly(acrylamide- N-dimethyl aminoethyl acrylate) and its
quaternized derivatives.
In this aspect, the deposition aid may be that sold under the trade name
Sedipur , available from
BTC Specialty Chemicals, a BASF Group, Florham Park, N.J. In a yet further
aspect, the
deposition aid may comprise poly(acrylamide-co-methacrylamidopropyltrimethyl
ammonium
20 chloride). In another aspect, the deposition aid may comprise a non-
acrylamide based polymer,
such as that sold under the trade name Rheovis CDE, available from Ciba
Specialty Chemicals,
a BASF, SE group, Florham Park, N.J., or as disclosed in USPA 2006/0252668.
In another aspect, the deposition aid may be selected from the group
consisting of cationic or
amphoteric polysaccharides. In one aspect, the deposition aid may be selected
from the group
25 consisting of cationic and amphoteric cellulose ethers, cationic or
amphoteric galactomannan,
cationic guar gum, cationic or amphoteric starch, and combinations thereof.
Another group of suitable cationic polymers may include alkylamine-
epichlorohydrin polymers
which are reaction products of amines and oligoamines with epichlorohydrin,
for example, those
polymers listed in, for example, USPNs 6,642,200 and 6,551,986. Examples
include
dimethylamine-epichlorohydrin-ethylenediamine, available under the trade name
Cartafix CB
and Cartafix TSF from Clariant, Basle, Switzerland.
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
26
Another group of suitable synthetic cationic polymers may include
polyamidoamine-
epichlorohydrin (PAE) resins of polyalkylenepolyamine with polycarboxylic
acid. The most
common PAE resins are the condensation products of diethylenetriamine with
adipic acid
followed by a subsequent reaction with epichlorohydrin. They are available
from Hercules Inc.
of Wilmington DE under the trade name KymeneTM or from BASF SE (Ludwigshafen,
Germany)
under the trade name LuresinTM. The cationic polymers may contain charge
neutralizing anions
such that the overall polymer is neutral under ambient conditions. Non-
limiting examples of
suitable counter ions (in addition to anionic species generated during use)
include chloride,
bromide, sulfate, methylsulfate, sulfonate, methylsulfonate, carbonate,
bicarbonate, formate,
acetate, citrate, nitrate, and mixtures thereof.
The weight-average molecular weight of the polymer may be from about 500
Daltons to about
5,000,000 Daltons, or from about 1,000 Daltons to about 2,000,000 Daltons, or
from about 2,500
Daltons to about 1,500,000 Daltons, as determined by size exclusion
chromatography relative to
polyethylene oxide standards with RI detection. In one aspect, the MW of the
cationic polymer
may be from about 500 Daltons to about 37,500 Daltons.
Surfactants: The products of the present invention may comprise from about
0.11 % to 80% by
weight of a surfactant. In one aspect, such compositions may comprise from
about 5% to 50%
by weight of surfactant. Surfactants utilized can be of the anionic, nonionic,
zwitterionic,
ampholytic or cationic type or can comprise compatible mixtures of these
types. Detergent
surfactants useful herein are described in U.S. Patents 3,664,961, 3,919,678,
4,222,905,
4,239,659, 6,136,769, 6,020,303, and 6,060,443.
Anionic and nonionic surfactants are typically employed if the fabric care
product is a
laundry detergent. On the other hand, cationic surfactants are typically
employed if the fabric
care product is a fabric softener.
Useful anionic surfactants can themselves be of several different types. For
example,
water-soluble salts of the higher fatty acids, i.e., "soaps", are useful
anionic surfactants in the
compositions herein. This includes alkali metal soaps such as the sodium,
potassium,
ammonium, and alkylolammonium salts of higher fatty acids containing from
about 8 to about 24
carbon atoms, or even from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms. Soaps can be
made by direct
saponification of fats and oils or by the neutralization of free fatty acids.
Particularly useful are
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
27
the sodium and potassium salts of the mixtures of fatty acids derived from
coconut oil and tallow,
i.e., sodium or potassium tallow and coconut soap.
Useful anionic surfactants include the water-soluble salts, particularly the
alkali metal,
ammonium and alkylolammonium (e.g., monoethanolammonium or triethanolammonium)
salts,
of organic sulfuric reaction products having in their molecular structure an
alkyl group
containing from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and a sulfonic acid or
sulfuric acid ester
group. (Included in the term "alkyl" is the alkyl portion of aryl groups.)
Examples of this group
of synthetic surfactants are the alkyl sulfates and alkyl alkoxy sulfates,
especially those obtained
by sulfating the higher alcohols (C8-C18 carbon atoms).
Other useful anionic surfactants herein include the water-soluble salts of
esters of a-
sulfonated fatty acids containing from about 6 to 20 carbon atoms in the fatty
acid group and
from about 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the ester group; water-soluble salts of 2-
acyloxy-alkane-l-
sulfonic acids containing from about 2 to 9 carbon atoms in the acyl group and
from about 9 to
about 23 carbon atoms in the alkane moiety; water-soluble salts of olefin
sulfonates containing
from about 12 to 24 carbon atoms; and 13-alkyloxy alkane sulfonates containing
from about 1 to 3
carbon atoms in the alkyl group and from about 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the
alkane moiety.
In another embodiment, the anionic surfactant may comprise a C11-C18 alkyl
benzene sulfonate
surfactant; a Clo-C20 alkyl sulfate surfactant; a Clo-C18 alkyl alkoxy sulfate
surfactant, having an
average degree of alkoxylation of from 1 to 30, wherein the alkoxy comprises a
C1-C4 chain and
mixtures thereof, a mid-chain branched alkyl sulfate surfactant; a mid-chain
branched alkyl
alkoxy sulfate surfactant having an average degree of alkoxylation of from 1
to 30, wherein the
alkoxy comprises a C1-C4 chain and mixtures thereof; a C10-C18 alkyl alkoxy
carboxylates
comprising an average degree of alkoxylation of from I to 5; a C12-C20 methyl
ester sulfonate
surfactant, a CIO-C18 alpha-olefin sulfonate surfactant, a C6-C20
sulfosuccinate surfactant, and a
mixture thereof.
In addition to the anionic surfactant, the fabric care compositions of the
present invention
may further contain a nonionic surfactant. The compositions of the present
invention can contain
up to about 30%, alternatively from about 0.01% to about 20%, more
alternatively from about
0.1% to about 10%, by weight of the composition, of a nonionic surfactant. In
one embodiment,
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
28
the nonionic surfactant may comprise an ethoxylated nonionic surfactant.
Examples of suitable
non-ionic surfactants are provided in U.S. Patents. 4,285,841, 6,150,322, and
6,153,577.
. Suitable for use herein are the ethoxylated alcohols and ethoxylated alkyl
phenols of the
formula R(OC2H4)n OH, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of
aliphatic
hydrocarbon radicals containing from about 8 to about 20 carbon atoms and
alkyl phenyl radicals
in which the alkyl groups contain from about 8 to about 12 carbon atoms, and
the average value
of n is from about 5 to about 15.
Suitable nonionic surfactants are those of the formula R1(OC2H4)nOH, wherein
R1 is a C10 -C16
alkyl group or a C8 -C12 alkyl phenyl group, and n is from 3 to about 80. In
one aspect,
particularly useful materials are condensation products of C9-C15 alcohols
with from about 5 to
about 20 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol.
Additional suitable nonionic surfactants include polyhydroxy fatty acid amides
such as N-
methyl N-1-deoxyglucityl cocoamide and N-methyl N-1-deoxyglucityl oleamide and
alkyl
polysaccharides such as the ones described in US 5,332,528.
Alkylpolysaccharides disclosed in
U.S. Patent 4,565,647.
The fabric care compositions of the present invention may contain up to about
30%, alternatively
from about 0.01% to about 20%, more alternatively from about 0.1% to about
20%, by weight of
the composition, of a cationic surfactant. For the purposes of the present
invention, cationic
surfactants include those which can deliver fabric care benefits. Non-limiting
examples of useful
cationic surfactants include: fatty amines; quaternary ammonium surfactants;
and imidazoline
quat materials.
In some embodiments, useful cationic surfactants, include those disclosed in
U.S. Patent
Application number 2005/0164905 Al and having the general formula (XIII):
R1
I+
R3 i R4 X
R2 (XIII)
wherein:
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
29
(a) RI and R2 each are individually selected from the groups of: C1-C4 alkyl;
C1-C4 hydroxy
alkyl; benzyl; --(CnH2nO),H, wherein:
i. x has a value from about 2 to about 5;
ii. n has a value of about 1-4;
(b) R3 and R4 are each:
i. a C8-C22 alkyl; or
ii. R3 is a C8-C22 alkyl and R4 is selected from the group of. C1-Clo alkyl;
C1-Clo hydroxy alkyl;
benzyl; --(CnH2õ O)XH, wherein:
1. x has a value from 2 to 5; and
2. n has a value of 1-4; and
(c) X is an anion.
Fabric Softening Active Compounds- The fabric softening active may comprise,
as the principal
active, compounds of the following formula:
{R4-m - N+ - [X - Y - R1]m} X- (XIV)
wherein each R may comprise either hydrogen, a short chain C1-C6, in one
aspect a C1-C3 alkyl
or hydroxyalkyl group, for example methyl, ethyl, propyl, hydroxyethyl, and
the like, poly(C2-3
alkoxy), polyethoxy, benzyl, or mixtures thereof; each X may independently be
(CH2)n, CH2-
CH(CH3)- or CH-(CH3)-CH2-; each Y may comprise -O-(O)C-, -C(O)-O-, -NR-C(O)-,
or -C(O)-
NR-; each m may be 2 or 3; each n may be from 1 to about 4, in one aspect 2;
the sum of carbons
in each RI, plus one when Y is -O-(O)C- or -NR-C(O) -, may be C12-C22, or C14-
C20, with each
R1 being a hydrocarbyl, or substituted hydrocarbyl group; and X- may comprise
any softener-
compatible anion. In one aspect, the softener-compatible anion may comprise
chloride, bromide,
methylsulfate, ethylsulfate, sulfate, and nitrate. In another aspect, the
softener-compatible anion
may comprise chloride or methyl sulfate.
In another aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise the general
formula (XV):
[R3N+CH2CH(YRl)(CH2YR1)] X_
Formula (XV)
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
wherein each Y, R, R1, and X- have the same meanings as before. Such compounds
include
those having the formula (XVI):
[CH3]3 N(+)[CH2CH(CH2O(O)CR1)O(O)CR1] C1(-)
(XVI)
5 wherein each R may comprise a methyl or ethyl group. In one aspect, each R1
may comprise a
C15 to C19 group. As used herein, when the diester is specified, it can
include the monoester that
is present.
These types of agents and general methods of making them are disclosed in USPN
4,137,180.
An example of a suitable DEQA (2) is the "propyl" ester quaternary ammonium
fabric softener
10 active comprising the formula 1,2-di(acyloxy)-3-trimethylammoniopropane
chloride.
In one aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise the formula (XVII):
[R4-m - N+ - Rlm] X-
(XVII)
wherein each R, R1, in and X- have the same meanings as before.
15 In a further aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise the formula
(XVIII):
//N CH2
O Rl - C I A-
N CH 2
ll
Rl -C G- R2,1" \
R
(XVIII)
wherein each R and RIhave the definitions given above; R2 may comprise a C1_6
alkylene group,
in one aspect an ethylene group; and G may comprise an oxygen atom or an -NR-
group; and A-
20 is as defined below.
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
31
In a yet further aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise the formula
(XIX):
N-CH2
R1-e
IOII --H2
R1-t-G R
(XIX)
wherein RI, R2 and G are defined as above.
In a further aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise condensation
reaction products of
fatty acids with dialkylenetriamines in, e.g., a molecular ratio of about 2:1,
said reaction products
containing compounds of the formula(XX):
R 1-C(O-NH-R2-NH-R3 NH-C(O) -R1
(XX)
wherein R1, R2 are defined as above, and R3 may comprise a C1_6 alkylene
group, or an
ethylene group and wherein the reaction products may optionally be quaternized
by the
additional of an alkylating agent such as dimethyl sulfate. Such quaternized
reaction products
are described in additional detail in USPN 5,296,622.
In a yet further aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise the formula
(XXI):
[R 1-C(O)-NR-R2-N(R)2-R3 NR-C(O)-R1]+A-
(XXI)
wherein R, R1, R2 and R3 are defined as above; A- is as defined below;
In a yet further aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise reaction
products of fatty acid
with hydroxyalkylalkylenediamines in a molecular ratio of about 2:1, said
reaction products
containing compounds of the formula (XXII):
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
32
R1 -C(O)-NH-R2-N(R3OH)-C(O)-R 1
(XXII)
wherein R1, R2 and R3 are defined as above;
In a yet further aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise the formula
(XXIII):
R R 20+
N-R2-N
Nj N 2AO
R1
I
(XXIII)
wherein R, R1 and R2are defined as above; A" is as defined below.
In yet a further aspect, the fabric softening active may comprise the formula
(XXIV);
X1
N/
N X2 B R2
Y
X3
I
A
I
R,
Formula (XXIV)
wherein;
X1 may comprise a C2.3 alkyl group, in one aspect, an ethyl group;
X2 and X3 may independently comprise C1_6 linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl
groups, in one
aspect, methyl, ethyl or isopropyl groups;
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
33
R1 and R2 may independently comprise C8_22 linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl
groups;
characterized in that;
A and B are independently selected from the group comprising -O-(C=O)-, -(C=O)-
O-, or
mixtures thereof, in one aspect, -O-(C=O)-.
Non-limiting examples of fabric softening actives comprising formula (XIV) are
N, N-
bis(stearoyl-oxy-ethyl) N,N-dimethyl ammonium chloride, N,N-bis(tallowoyl-oxy-
ethyl) N,N-
dimethyl ammonium chloride, N,N-bis(stearoyl-oxy-ethyl) N-(2 hydroxyethyl) N-
methyl
ammonium methylsulfate.
A non-limiting example of fabric softening actives comprising formula (XVI) is
1, 2 di (stearoyl-
oxy) 3 trimethyl ammoniumpropane chloride.
Non-limiting examples of fabric softening actives comprising formula (XVII)
may include
dialkylenedimethylammonium salts such as dicanoladimethylammonium chloride,
di(hard)tallowdimethylammonium chloride dicanoladimethylammonium
methylsulfate,. An
example of commercially available dialkylenedimethylammonium salts usable in
the present
invention is dioleyldimethylammonium chloride available from Witco Corporation
under the
trade name Adogen 472 and dihardtallow dimethylammonium chloride available
from Akzo
Nobel Arquad 2HT75.
A non-limiting example of fabric softening actives comprising formula (XVIII)
may include 1-
methyl-1-stearoylamidoethyl-2-stearoylimidazolinium methylsulfate wherein RI
is an acyclic
aliphatic CI5-C17 hydrocarbon group, R2 is an ethylene group, G is a NH group,
R5 is a methyl
group and A- is a methyl sulfate anion, available commercially from the Witco
Corporation
under the trade name Varisoft .
A non-limiting example of fabric softening actives comprising formula (XIX) is
1-
tallowylamidoethyl-2-tallowylimidazoline wherein RI may comprise an acyclic
aliphatic C15-
C 17 hydrocarbon group, R2 may comprise an ethylene group, and G may comprise
a NH group.
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
34
A non-limiting example of a fabric softening active comprising formula (XX) is
the reaction
products of fatty acids with diethylenetriamine in a molecular ratio of about
2:1, said reaction
product mixture comprising N,N"-dialkyldiethylenetriamine having the formula
(XXV):
R1 -C(O)-NH-CH2CH2-NH-CH2CH2-NH-C(O)-R 1
Formula (XXV)
wherein RI is an alkyl group of a commercially available fatty acid derived
from a vegetable or
animal source, such as Emersol 223LL or Emersol 7021, available from Henkel
Corporation,
and R2 and R3 are divalent ethylene groups.
A non-limiting example of Compound (XXI) is a difatty amidoamine based
softener having the
formula (XXVI):
[RI-C(O)-NH-CH2CH2-N(CH3)(CH2CH2OH)-CH2CH2-NH-C(O)-RI]+ CH3SO4-
Formula (XXVI)
wherein RI is an alkyl group. An example of such compound is that commercially
available
from the Witco Corporation e.g. under the trade name Varisoft 222LT.
An example of a fabric softening active comprising formula (XXII) is the
reaction products of
fatty acids with N-2-hydroxyethylethylenediamine in a molecular ratio of about
2:1, said reaction
product mixture comprising the formula (XXVII):
R I -C(O)-NH-CH2CH2-N(CH2CH2OH)-C(O)-R 1
Formula (XXVII)
wherein RI-C(O) is an alkyl group of a commercially available fatty acid
derived from a
vegetable or animal source, such as Emersol 223LL or Emersol 7021, available
from Henkel
Corporation.
An example of a fabric softening active comprising formula (XXIII) is the
diquaternary
compound having the formula (XXVIII):
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
CH3 CH3\
RN_CH2CH2_N 2 CH3SO~N
R
Formula (XXVIII)
wherein R1 is derived from fatty acid. Such compound is available from Witco
Company.
A non-limiting example of a fabric softening active comprising formula (XXIV)
is a dialkyl
5 imidazoline diester compound, where the compound is the reaction product of
N-(2-
hydroxyethyl)- 1,2-ethylenediamine or N-(2-hydroxyisopropyl)- 1,2-
ethylenediamine with
glycolic acid, esterified with fatty acid, where the fatty acid is
(hydrogenated) tallow fatty acid,
palm fatty acid, hydrogenated palm fatty acid, oleic acid, rapeseed fatty
acid, hydrogenated
rapeseed fatty acid or a mixture of the above.
10 It will be understood that combinations of softener actives disclosed above
are suitable for use
herein.
Anion A
In the cationic nitrogenous salts herein, the anion A-, which comprises any
softener compatible
anion, provides electrical neutrality. Most often, the anion used to provide
electrical neutrality in
15 these salts is from a strong acid, especially a halide, such as chloride,
bromide, or iodide.
However, other anions can be used, such as methylsulfate, ethylsulfate,
acetate, formate, sulfate,
carbonate, and the like. In one aspect, the anion A may comprise chloride or
methylsulfate. The
anion, in some aspects, may carry a double charge. In this aspect, A-
represents half a group.
20 In one aspect, the fabric care and/or treatment composition may comprise a
second softening
agent selected from the group consisting of polyglycerol esters (PGEs), oily
sugar derivatives,
and wax emulsions. Suitable PGEs include those disclosed in USPA 61/089,080.
Suitable oily
sugar derivatives and wax emulsions include those disclosed in USPA 2008-
0234165 Al.
In one aspect, the compositions may comprise from about 0.001% to about 0.01%
of an
unsaturated aldehyde. In one aspect, the compositions are essentially free of
an unsaturated
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
36
aldehyde. Without being limited by theory, in this aspect, the compositions
are less prone to the
yellowing effect often encountered with amino-containing agents.
Builders - The compositions may also contain from about 0.1% to 80% by weight
of a builder.
Compositions in liquid form generally contain from about 1% to 10% by weight
of the builder
component. Compositions in granular form generally contain from about 1% to
50% by weight
of the builder component. Detergent builders are well known in the art and can
contain, for
example, phosphate salts as well as various organic and inorganic
nonphosphorus builders.
Water-soluble, nonphosphorus organic builders useful herein include the
various alkali metal,
ammonium and substituted ammonium polyacetates, carboxylates, polycarboxylates
and
polyhydroxy sulfonates. Examples of polyacetate and polycarboxylate builders
are the sodium,
potassium, lithium, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of ethylene
diamine tetraacetic
acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, mellitic acid, benzene
polycarboxylic acids, and
citric acid. Other suitable polycarboxylates for use herein are the polyacetal
carboxylates
described in U.S. 4,144,226 and U.S. 4,246,495. Other polycarboxylate builders
are the
oxydisuccinates and the ether carboxylate builder compositions comprising a
combination of
tartrate monosuccinate and tartrate disuccinate described in U.S. 4,663,071,
Builders for use in
liquid detergents are described in U.S. 4,284,532, One suitable builder
includes may be citric
acid. Suitable nonphosphorus, inorganic builders include the silicates,
aluminosilicates, borates
and carbonates, such as sodium and potassium carbonate, bicarbonate,
sesquicarbonate,
tetraborate decahydrate, and silicates having a weight ratio of Si02 to alkali
metal oxide of from
about 0.5 to about 4.0, or from about 1.0 to about 2.4. Also useful are
aluminosilicates including
zeolites. Such materials and their use as detergent builders are more fully
discussed in U.S.
4,605,509.
Dispersants - The compositions may contain from about 0.1%, to about 10%, by
weight of
dispersants Suitable water-soluble organic materials are the homo- or co-
polymeric acids or their
salts, in which the polycarboxylic acid may contain at least two carboxyl
radicals separated from
each other by not more than two carbon atoms. The dispersants may also be
alkoxylated
derivatives of polyamines, and/or quaternized derivatives thereof such as
those described in US
4,597,898, 4,676,921, 4,891,160, 4,659,802 and 4,661,288.
Enzymes - The compositions may contain one or more detergent enzymes which
provide
cleaning performance and/or fabric care benefits. Examples of suitable enzymes
include
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
37
hemicellulases, peroxidases, proteases, cellulases, xylanases, lipases,
phospholipases, esterases,
cutinases, pectinases, keratanases, reductases, oxidases, phenoloxidases,
lipoxygenases,
ligninases, pullulanases, tannases, pentosanases, malanases, 13-glucanases,
arabinosidases,
hyaluronidase, chondroitinase, laccase, and amylases, or mixtures thereof. A
typical combination
may be a cocktail of conventional applicable enzymes like protease, lipase,
cutinase and/or
cellulase in conjunction with amylase. Enzymes can be used at their art-taught
levels, for
example at levels recommended by suppliers such as Novozymes and Genencor.
Typical levels
in the compositions are from about 0.0001% to about 5%. When enzymes are
present, they can
be used at very low levels, e.g., from about 0.001% or lower; or they can be
used in heavier-duty
laundry detergent formulations at higher levels, e.g., about 0.1% and higher.
In accordance with
a preference of some consumers for "non-biological" detergents, the
compositions may be either
or both enzyme-containing and enzyme-free.
Dye Transfer Inhibiting Agents - The compositions may also include from about
0.0001%, from
about 0.01%, from about 0.05% by weight of the compositions to about 10%,
about 2%, or even
about 1% by weight of the compositions of one or more dye transfer inhibiting
agents such as
polyvinylpyrrolidone polymers, polyamine N-oxide polymers, copolymers of N-
vinylpyrrolidone
and N-vinylimidazole, polyvinyloxazolidones and polyvinylimidazoles or
mixtures thereof.
Chelant - The compositions may contain less than about 5%, or from about 0.01%
to about 3%
of a chelant such as citrates; nitrogen-containing, P-free aminocarboxylates
such as EDDS,
EDTA and DTPA; aminophosphonates such as diethylenetriamine
pentamethylenephosphonic
acid and, ethylenediamine tetramethylenephosphonic acid; nitrogen-free
phosphonates e.g.,
HEDP; and nitrogen or oxygen containing, P-free carboxylate-free chelants such
as compounds
of the general class of certain macrocyclic N-ligands such as those known for
use in bleach
catalyst systems.
Brighteners - The compositions may also comprise a brightener (also referred
to as "optical
brightener") and may include any compound that exhibits fluorescence,
including compounds
that absorb UV light and reemit as "blue" visible light. Non-limiting examples
of useful
brighteners include: derivatives of stilbene or 4,4'-diaminostilbene,
biphenyl, five-membered
heterocycles such as triazoles, pyrazolines, oxazoles, imidiazoles, etc., or
six-membered
heterocycles (coumarins, naphthalamide, s-triazine, etc.). Cationic, anionic,
nonionic,
amphoteric and zwitterionic brighteners can be used. Suitable brighteners
include those
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
38
commercially marketed under the trade name Tinopal-UNPA-GX by Ciba Specialty
Chemicals
Corporation, a BASF, SE group; (High Point, NC).
Bleach system - Bleach systems suitable for use herein contain one or more
bleaching agents.
Non-limiting examples of suitable bleaching agents include catalytic metal
complexes; activated
peroxygen sources; bleach activators; bleach boosters; photobleaches;
bleaching enzymes; free
radical initiators; H202; hypohalite bleaches; peroxygen sources, including
perborate and/or
percarbonate and combinations thereof. Suitable bleach activators include
perhydrolyzable esters
and perhydrolyzable imides such as, tetraacetyl ethylene diamine,
octanoylcaprolactam,
benzoyloxybenzenesulphonate, nonanoyloxybenzene,sulphonate,
benzoylvalerolactam,
dodecanoyloxybenzenesulphonate. Suitable bleach boosters include those
described in US
Patent 5,817,614. Other bleaching agents include metal complexes of
transitional metals with
ligands of defined stability constants. Such catalysts are disclosed in U.S.
4,430,243, 5,576,282,
5,597,936 and 5,595,967.
Stabilizer - The compositions may contain one or more stabilizers and
thickeners. Any suitable
level of stabilizer may be of use; exemplary levels include from about 0.01%
to about 20%, from
about 0.1% to about 10%, or from about 0.1% to about 3% by weight of the
composition. Non-
limiting examples of stabilizers suitable for use herein include crystalline,
hydroxyl-containing
stabilizing agents, trihydroxystearin, hydrogenated oil, or a variation
thereof, and combinations
thereof. In some aspects, the crystalline, hydroxyl-containing stabilizing
agents may be water-
insoluble wax-like substances, including fatty acid, fatty ester or fatty
soap. In other aspects, the
crystalline, hydroxyl-containing stabilizing agents may be derivatives of
castor oil, such as
hydrogenated castor oil derivatives, for example, castor wax. The hydroxyl
containing stabilizers
are disclosed in US Patents 6,855,680 and 7,294,611. Other stabilizers include
thickening
stabilizers such as gums and other similar polysaccharides, for example gellan
gum, carrageenan
gum, and other known types of thickeners and rheological additives. Exemplary
stabilizers in this
class include gum-type polymers (e.g. xanthan gum), polyvinyl alcohol and
derivatives thereof,
cellulose and derivatives thereof including cellulose ethers and cellulose
esters and tamarind
gum (for example, comprising xyloglucan polymers), guar gum, locust bean gum
(in some
aspects comprising galactomannan polymers), and other industrial gums and
polymers.
For the purposes of the present invention, the non-limiting list of adjuncts
illustrated hereinafter
are suitable for use in the instant compositions and may be desirably
incorporated in certain
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
39
embodiments of the invention, for example to assist or enhance performance,
for treatment of the
substrate to be cleaned, or to modify the aesthetics of the composition as is
the case with
perfumes, colorants, dyes or the like. It is understood that such adjuncts are
in addition to the
components that are supplied via Applicants' perfumes and/or perfume systems.
The precise
nature of these additional components, and levels of incorporation thereof,
will depend on the
physical form of the composition and the nature of the operation for which it
is to be used.
Suitable adjunct materials include, but are not limited to, surfactants,
builders, chelating agents,
dye transfer inhibiting agents, dispersants, enzymes, and enzyme stabilizers,
catalytic materials,
bleach activators, polymeric dispersing agents, clay soil removal/anti-
redeposition agents,
brighteners, suds suppressors, dyes, additional perfume and perfume delivery
systems, structure
elasticizing agents, fabric softeners, carriers, hydrotropes, processing aids
and/or pigments. In
addition to the disclosure below, suitable examples of such other adjuncts and
levels of use are
found in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,576,282, 6,306,812 B1 and 6,326,348 B1 that are
incorporated by
reference.
Silicones - Suitable silicones comprise Si-O moieties and may be selected from
(a) non-
functionalized siloxane polymers, (b) functionalized siloxane polymers, and
combinations
thereof. The molecular weight of the organosilicone is usually indicated by
the reference to the
viscosity of the material. In one aspect, the organosilicones may comprise a
viscosity of from
about 10 to about 2,000,000 centistokes at 25 C. In another aspect, suitable
organosilicones may
have a viscosity of from about 10 to about 800,000 centistokes at 25 C.
Suitable organosilicones
may be linear, branched or cross-linked. In one aspect, the organosilicones
may be linear.
The present invention will be disclosed further by the following non-limiting
examples:
Examples:
Examples of Polyisobutene Premixes (PM):
Assessment of the Premixes and Formulations:
The premixes or formulations are assessed "clear", when the transmittance of
the formulation,
measured with a CADAS 200 spectrophotometer (Dr. Lange Company) at 650 nm in a
1 cm cu-
vette is higher than 90%. The premix or formulations are assessed
"homogeneous", when upon
visual inspection no creaming / sedimentation or phase separation can be
observed after one day.
The premixes or formulations are assessed "phase separated" when the mixture
separated into
clearly recognizable organic and aqueous phases, or if droplets of organic
phase could be ob-
served on top of the aqueous phase.
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
Example: Polyisobutene Premix PM1
Polyisobutene (6.0 g, 60 parts per weight, molecular weight 1000 g/mol) and
polyisobutene suc-
cinic anhydride (3.0 g, 30 parts per weight) are mixed in a 25m1 glass vial
and stirred at low
5 shear with a magnetic stirrer bar. The mixture is heated to 80 C to reduce
viscosity and thus sim-
plify mixing. Nonionic surfactant CIO-Guerbet alcohol alkoxylate (HLB 12.5)
(1.0 g, 10 parts
per weight) is added and the resulting mixture is stirred for 5 min, yielding
an emulsifiable polyi-
sobutene composition PM1 in the form of a homogeneous, clear and stable
solution.
10 Example: Polyisobutene Premixes PM2 - PM5
The mixture is prepared in the same way as Example PM I, applying the ratios
given in the table
below. All examples formed homogeneous, clear and stable solutions.
Example PIB PIBSA Surfactant Solution properties
[wt.%] [wt.%] [wt.%]
PM1 60 30 10 Homogeneous, clear, stable
PM2 70 20 10 Homogeneous, clear, stable
PM3 40 35 25 Homogeneous, clear, stable
PM4 40 45 15 Homogeneous, clear, stable
PM5 40 55 5 Homogeneous, clear, stable
15 Example: Polyisobutene Premix PM6
Polyisobutene (6.0 g, 60 parts per weight, molecular weight 1000 g/mol) and
polyisobutene suc-
cinic anhydride (3.0 g, 30 parts per weight) are mixed in a 25m1 glass vial
and stirred at low
shear with a magnetic stirrer bar. The mixture is heated to 80 C to reduce
viscosity and thus sim-
plify mixing. A surfactant mixture of nonionic surfactants C13-oxoalcohol + 3
EO (HLB 9) (0.5
20 g, 5 parts per weight) and C13-oxoalcohol + 8 EO (HLB 13) (0.5 g, 5 parts
per weight) is added
and the resulting mixture is stirred for 5 min, yielding an emulsifiable
polyisobutene composition
PM6 in the form of a homogeneous, clear and stable solution.
Example: Polyisobutene Premixes PM7 - PM10:
The following examples were done analogous to example PM3, taking the
composition given in
the table.
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
41
Example PIB PIBSA Surfactant Mix Solution properties
[wt.-%] [wt.-%] [wt.%]
PM6 60 30 10 Homogeneous, clear, stable
PM7 70 20 10 Homogeneous, clear, stable
PM8 40 35 25 Homogeneous, clear, stable
PM9 40 45 15 Homogeneous, clear, stable
PM10 40 55 5 Homogeneous, clear, stable
The following comparative examples were done analogous to example PM3, taking
the composi-
tion given in the table below. All emulsions resulted in an unstable premix
solution that showed
turbidity or phase separation when the amount of surfactant was equal to or
higher than the
amount of polymeric emulsifier (PIBSA):
Comparative Example PIB PIBSA Surfactant Mix Solution properties
[wt.-%] [wt.-%] [wt.%]
Comp.Ex.4 70 5 25 Phase Separation
Comp.Ex.5 80 5 15 Phase Separation
Comp.Ex.6 90 5 5 Phase Separation
Example: Polyisobutene Premix PM11
Polyisobutene (5.0 g, 50 parts per weight, molecular weight 1000 g/mol),
polyisobuteneamine
(3.25 g, 32.5 parts per weight) and n-paraffin C5-C20 (1.75 g, 17.5 parts per
weight) were mixed
in a 25ml glass vial and stirred at low shear with a magnetic stirrer bar. The
composition is a ho-
mogeneous, clear and stable solution.
Example: Polyisobutene Premix PM12
Polyisobutene (4.0 g, 40 parts per weight, molecular weight 1000 g/mol),
polyisobuteneamine
(3.9 g, 39.0 parts per weight) and n-paraffin C5-C20 (2.1 g, 21.0 parts per
weight) were mixed in
a 25ml glass vial and stirred at low shear with a magnetic stirrer bar. The
composition is a homo-
geneous, clear and stable solution.
Example: Polyisobutene Premix PM 13
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
42
Polyisobutene (1.0 g, 10 parts per weight, molecular weight 1000 g/mol),
polyisobuteneamine
(5.85 g, 58.5 parts per weight) and n-paraffin C5-C20 (3.15 g, 31.5 parts per
weight) were mixed
in a 25m1 glass vial and stirred at low shear with a magnetic stirrer bar. The
composition is a ho-
mogeneous, clear and stable solution.
Example: Polyisobutene Premix PM14
Polyisobutene (24.0 g, molecular weight 1000 g/mol) and polyisobutene succinic
anhydride
12.0 g) were mixed in a 25m1 glass vial and stirred at low shear with a
magnetic stirrer bar. The
mixture is heated to 80 C to reduce viscosity and thus simplify mixing. A
mixture of nonionic
surfactant C 10-Guerbetalcohol alkoxylate (HLB 12.5) (4.0 g) and water (2.0 g)
is added and the
mixture is stirred for 30 min, yielding an emulsifiable polyisobutene
composition in the form of a
homogeneous clear stable solution.
Example: Polyisobutene Premix PM 15
Polyisobutene (24.0 g, molecular weight 1000 g/mol) and polyisobutene succinic
anhydride
(12.0 g) were mixed in a 25m1 glass vial and stirred at low shear with a
magnetic stirrer bar. The
mixture is heated to 80 C to reduce viscosity and thus simplify mixing.
Nonionic surfactant C 10-
Guerbetalcohol alkoxylate (HLB 12.5) (4.0 g) is added and the mixture is
stirred for 5min. Sub-
sequently, water (2 g) is added and the mixture is stirred for another 5 min,
yielding an emulsifi-
able polyisobutene composition in the form of a homogeneous clear stable
solution.
Examples of Formulations (F) of Polyisobutylene Premixes in Liquid Detergents
The cleaning and/or treatment compositions of the present invention can be
formulated into any
suitable form and prepared by any process chosen by the formulator, non-
limiting examples of
which are described in U.S. 5,879,584; U.S. 5,691,297; U.S. 5,574,005; U.S.
5,569,645; U.S.
5,565,422; U.S. 5,516,448; U.S. 5,489,392; U.S. 5,486,303 all of which are
incorporated herein
by reference.
Preparation of a Standard Liquid Detergent Formulation (AZ
Liquid detergent fabric care compositions of Example A are made by mixing
together the
ingredients listed in the proportions shown;
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
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Ingredient (wt%) A
C12-C15 alkyl polyethoxylate (1.8) sulfate' 20.1
C12 alkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride 2.0
C12-C14 alcohol 9 ethoxylate 0.8
Monoethanolamine 2.5
Na cumenesulfonate 1.8
C,2_C18 Fatty Acid 1.0
Citric acid 3.4
Protease 7 (52g/L) 0.35
Fluorescent Whitening Agent 0.08
Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid 6 0.5
Ethoxylated polyamine9 0.6
Water, perfumes, dyes, buffers, solvents and other optional to 100%
components pH 8.0-8.2
1 Available from Shell Chemicals, Houston, TX.
2 Available from Sasol Chemicals, Johannesburg, South Africa
4 Available from Evonik Corporation, Hopewell, VA.
5 Available from The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, OH.
6 Available from Sigma Aldrich chemicals, Milwaukee, WI
7 Available from Genencor International, South San Francisco, CA.
8 Available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals, a BASF, SE group; High Point, NC
9 600 g/mol molecular weight polyethylenimine core with 20 ethoxylate groups
per -NH and
available from BASF, SE (Ludwigshafen, Germany)
Example F 1:
Liquid detergent formulation A (97.80 g) was placed in a 150 ml glass beaker
and stirred with a
mechanical cross-bar stirrer at 325 rpm. Polyisobutene Premix PM1 (2.20 g) was
slowly added to
the detergent formulation upon stirring. The resulting turbid polyisobutene
containing formula-
tion was stirred for another 30 min to form a homogeneous, clear and stable
formulation.
Examples F2 -F8:
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
44
The following examples, summarized in Table I were prepared in the same way as
described in
Example F1, applying the polyisobutene premixes and amounts given in the
table. The characte-
ristics of the formulation are also described in table 1.
Table 1
a~ d
U
C O
o 0 t
w a a w a < w
F1 PMI 97.8 2.2 Clear, homogeneous
F2 PM2 97.8 2.2 Clear, homogeneous
F3 PM3 97.7 2.3 Clear, homogeneous
F4 PM4 97.8 2.2 Clear, homogeneous
F5 PM5 97.9 2.1 Clear, homogeneous
F6 PM6 97.8 2.2 Clear, homogeneous
F7 PM7 97.8 2.2 Clear, homogeneous
F8 PM8 97.7 2.3 Clear, homogeneous
F9 PM9 97.8 2.2 Clear, homogeneous
NO PM 10 97.9 2.1 Clear, homogeneous
F12 PM11 98.0 2.0 Slightly turbid, Transmittance =
82%
F13 PM12 98.0 2.0 Clear, homogeneous
F14 PM13 98.0 2.0 Clear, homogeneous
Comparative Example CF 1:
Liquid detergent formulation A (98.0 g) was placed in a 150 ml glass beaker
and stirred with a
mechanical cross-bar stirrer at 325 rpm. Polyisobutene (2.0 g, molecular
weight = 1000 g/mol)
was slowly added to the detergent formulation upon stirring. The resulting
turbid polyisobutene
containing formulation was stirred for another 30 min to form a phase-
separated turbid mixture
with a ring of polyisobutene on top of the liquid level.
Examples of Formulations (F) of Pol ism obutylene Premixes in Liquid Fabric
Enhancers:
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
Preparation of a Standard Liquid Fabric Enhancer Formulation (B):
Rinse-Added fabric care compositions are prepared by mixing together
ingredients shown below:
Ingredient B
Fabric Softener Active' 11.0
Lutensol XL-702 change name to similar to exPM 1 1.0
Quaternized polyacrylamide 0.25
Calcium chloride 3 0.15
Ammonium chloride 0.1
Alkyl siloxane polymer 1.5
Perfume 1.75
Perfume microcapsule 5 0.69
Water, suds suppressor, stabilizers, pH control agents, buffers, dyes to 100%
pH = 3.0
& other optional ingredients
5
1 N,N-di(tallowoyloxyethyl) - N,N dimethylammonium chloride available from
Evonik
Corporation, Hopewell, VA.
2 Available from BASF, SE (Ludwigshafen, Germany)
3 Available from Sigma Aldrich chemicals, Milwaukee, WI
10 4 Cationic polyacrylamide polymer such as a copolymer of acrylamide/[2-
(acryloylamino)ethyl]tri-methylammonium chloride (quaternized dimethyl
aminoethyl
acrylate) available from BASF, SE (Ludwigshafen, Germany) under the trade name
Sedipur
544.
5 Available from Appleton Paper of Appleton, WI
15 6 Aminofunctional silicone available from Shin-Etsu Silicones, Akron, OH
Example F 15:
Fabric softener formulation B (98.0 g) was placed in a 100 ml glass beaker and
stirred with a
mechanical cross-bar stirrer at 325 rpm. Polyisobutene premix PM1 1 (2.0 g)
was slowly added
20 to the fabric softener formulation upon stirring. The resulting
polyisobutene containing fabric
softener formulation was stirred for another 30 min to form a homogeneous
stable formulation,
that did not show any signs of phase separation.
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46
Example F 16:
The example was prepared analogous to Example F 15, with the difference that
the Polyisobutene
premix PM11 is colored with a red, oil-soluble and water-insoluble dye (Sudan
Red 7B, Sigma-
Aldrich, 20 ppm) and the liquid fabric enhancer is colored with a blue, water-
soluble and oil-
insoluble dye (Liquitint Blue, Milliken, 20 ppm). The resulting polyisobutene
containing formu-
lation exhibited a homogeneous, violet color as a result of the perfect
emulsification of the water
phase and the oil phase, showing no sign of creaming / sedimentation (i.e. no
clear blue aqueous
phase on top or bottom), as well as not sign of phase separation (i.e. no red
oil phase or red oil
droplets observable).
Example F 17:
Fabric softener formulation B (98.0 g) was placed in a 100 ml glass beaker and
stirred with a
mechanical cross-bar stirrer at 325 rpm. Polyisobutene premix PM13 (2.0 g) was
slowly added
upon stirring. The resulting polyisobutene containing fabric softener
formulation was stirred for
another 30 min to form a homogeneous stable formulation, that did not show any
signs of phase
separation.
Example F 18:
The example was prepared analogous to Example F 17, with the difference that
the Polyisobutene
premix PM5 is colored with a red, oil-soluble and water-insoluble dye (Sudan
Red 7B, Sigma-
Aldrich, 20 ppm) and the liquid fabric enhancer is colored with a blue, water-
soluble and oil-
insoluble dye (Liquitint Blue, Milliken, 20 ppm). The resulting polyisobutene
containing formu-
lation exhibited a homogeneous, violet color as a result of the perfect
emulsification of the water
phase and the oil phase, showing no sign of creaming / sedimentation (i.e. no
clear blue aqueous
phase on top or bottom), as well as not sign of phase separation (i.e. no red
oil phase or red oil
droplets observable).
Comparative Example CF2:
Fabric softener formulation B (98.0 g) that is colored with a blue, water-
soluble and oil-insoluble
dye (Liquitint Blue, Milliken, 20 ppm) was was placed in a 100 ml glass beaker
and stirred with a
mechanical cross-bar stirrer at 325 rpm. Polyisobutene (2.0 g, 1000 g/mol),
colored with a red,
oil-soluble and water-insoluble dye (Sudan Red 7B, Sigma-Aldrich, 20 ppm) was
slowly added
to the fabric softener formulation upon stirring. The resulting polyisobutene
containing formula-
tion was stirred for another 30 min to form a clearly phase-separated product
consisting of a po-
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
47
lyisobutene phase forming a red-colored ring at the top of the liquid level
and a liquid fabric en-
hancer phase forming a blue aqueous phase.
Examples of Formulations (F) of Polyisobutylene Premixes in Hand Dishwash
Formulations:
Standard Liquid Hand Dishwash Formulation:
The following are non-limiting examples of Liquid Hand Dish Wash formulation
compositions
prepared by mixing together ingredients shown below.
Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex. Ex.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Lial AE0.6S 25.4 25.4 25.4
AE3S2 12.0 28.7
Lial3 31.7 39.6 44.4 52.3
AexS4 13.0 13.0 13.0 16.3 20.4 22.8 26.9
AO 3.2 3.2 3.2 4.0 3.3 3.8 4.7 5.3 6.3
TMBA 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06
HEDP 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
Ethanol 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5
NaCl 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Polypropyleneglycol 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Sodium citrate 5
Water, suds suppressor, stabilizers, pH control agents,
buffers, dyes & other optional ingredients To 100%
1 Lial AEO.6S - anionic alkyl(ether)0.6sulphate surfactant and amine oxide
2 AE3S - anionic alkyl(ether)3sulphate surfactant and amine oxide
3 Lial - commercially available light duty liquid paste from Sasol containing
anionic AES
surfactant and amphoteric amine oxide
4 AExS - C10-C18 alkyl alkoxy sulphate surfactants wherein preferably x is
from 1-30
5 AO - total quantity of amine oxides in final product
6 TMBA is trimethoxy benzoic acid
7 HEDP is 1-hydroxyethylidene 1, 1 -diphosphonic acid
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Example F19:
The hand dishwash formulation (50 g) was placed in a 100 ml glass beaker and
stirred with a
mechanical cross-bar stirrer at 325 rpm. Polyisobutene premix PM1 (1.1 g) was
slowly added
upon stirring. The resulting polyisobutene containing formulation was stirred
for another 30 min
to form a slightly turbid, homogeneous liquid.
Example F20:
The hand dishwash formulation (50 g) was placed in a 100 ml glass beaker and
stirred with a
mechanical cross-bar stirrer at 325 rpm. Polyisobutene premix PM2 (1.1 g) was
slowly added
upon stirring. The resulting polyisobutene containing formulation was stirred
for another 30 min
to form a turbid, homogeneous liquid.
Example F21:
The hand dish wash formulation (50g) was placed in a 100 ml glass beaker and
stirred with a
mechanical cross-bar stirrer at 325 rpm. Polyisobutene premix PM13 (1.54 g)
was slowly added
upon stirring. The resulting polyisobutene containing formulation was stirred
for another 30 min
to form a clear homogeneous liquid.
Comparative Example CF3:
The hand dish wash formulation (50g) was placed in a 100 ml glass beaker and
stirred with a
mechanical cross-bar stirrer at 325 rpm. Polyisobutene (molecular weight 1000
g/mol, 1.0 g) was
slowly added upon stirring. The resulting polyisobutene containing formulation
was stirred for
another 30 min to form a turbid liquid with clearly phase separated droplets
of polyisobutene on
top of the liquid.
Examples of Formulations (F) of Polyisobutylene Premixes in Cosmetic
Formulations:
Standard Shampoo and Bodywash Formulation:
Cocoamidopropylbetaine (12.5 g, 29.5 % active in water) and sodium laureth
sulfate (35.7 g, 29
% active) are mixed with demineralized water (51.8 g) to form a standard
shampoo or body wash
formulation. The product can be thickened with 1.0 g of sodium chloride.
Example F22
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The standard shampoo and body wash formulation (50 g) was placed in a 100 ml
glass beaker
and stirred with a mechanical cross-bar stirrer at 325 rpm. Polyisobutene
premix PMI (1.1 g) was
slowly added upon stirring. The resulting polyisobutene containing formulation
was stirred for
another 30 min to form a turbid, homogeneous liquid.
Example F23
The standard shampoo and body wash formulation (50 g) was placed in a 100 ml
glass beaker
and stirred with a mechanical cross-bar stirrer at 325 rpm. Polyisobutene
premix PM2 (1.1 g) was
slowly added upon stirring. The resulting polyisobutene containing formulation
was stirred for
another 30 min to form a turbid, homogeneous liquid.
Example F24
The standard shampoo and body wash formulation (50 g) was placed in a 100 ml
glass beaker
and stirred with a mechanical cross-bar stirrer at 325 rpm. Polyisobutene
premix PM13 (1.54 g)
was slowly added upon stirring. The resulting polyisobutene containing
formulation was stirred
for another 30 min to form a slightly turbid liquid that shows slight creaming
upon storage.
Comparative Example CF4:
The standard body wash formulation (50 g) was placed in a 100 ml glass beaker
and stirred with
a mechanical cross-bar stirrer at 325 rpm. Polyisobutene (molecular weight
1000, 1.0 g) was
slowly added upon stirring. The resulting polyisobutene mixture was stirred
for another 30 min to
form a turbid inhomogeneous liquid that instantaneously shows creaming.
Examples of Formulations (F of Polyisobutylene Premixes in Car Wash
Formulations:
Standard Car Wash Shampoo for Home Use:
Dodecylbenzenesulfonate amine salt (20 g, 55% active in water), C10-
Guerbetalcohol+7EO
(HLB 12.5) (2 g, 100% active) and alkylpolyglucoside (2 g, 70% active) were
mixed with water
(76 g) to form a standard car shampoo formulation for home users.
Example F25:
The standard car wash formulation (50 g) was placed in a 100 ml glass beaker
and stirred with a
mechanical cross-bar stirrer at 325 rpm. Polyisobutene premix PMI (1.1 g) was
slowly added
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
upon stirring. The resulting polyisobutene containing formulation was stirred
for another 30 min
to form a slightly turbid, homogeneous liquid.
Example F26:
5 The standard car wash formulation (50 g) was placed in a 100 ml glass beaker
and stirred with a
mechanical cross-bar stirrer at 325 rpm. Polyisobutene premix PM13 (1.54 g)
was slowly added
upon stirring. The resulting polyisobutene containing formulation was stirred
for another 30 min
to form an opaque homogenous liquid.
10 Comparative Example CF5:
The standard car wash formulation (50 g) was placed in a 100 ml glass beaker
and stirred with a
mechanical cross-bar stirrer at 325 rpm. Polyisobutene (molecular weight 1000
g/mol, 1.54 g)
was slowly added upon stirring. The resulting polyisobutene containing
formulation was stirred
for another 30 min to form an inhomogeneous, turbid liquid that
instantaneously showed cream-
15 ing and phase separation.
20 Conductivity measurements:
Conductivity is measured at room temperature with a conductometer "LF 320" of
"Wissentschaf-
tlich-Technische Werkstatten GmbH". The measurement probe is a TetraCon 325
with a cell
constant of 0.466 cm-1.
Sample Conductivity [US/cm]
Distilled Water (Lab) 8.0
C 10-Guerbetalcohol alkoxylate (HLB 12.5) 0.4
C13-oxoalcohol + 3 EO (HLB 9) 0.4
C 13-oxoalcohol + 8 EO (HLB 13) 0.4
Polyisobutene amine (PIBA) 0.1
Polyisobutene (PIB, MW 1000) 0.2
CA 02793602 2012-10-29
51
Polyisobutene Succinic Anhydride (PIBSA) 0.2
Premix PM1 0.2
Premix PM2 0.2
Premix PM5 0.2
Premix PM5 + 5% Water 0.2
Premix PM5 + 10% Water 0.2
As can be seen from the measurements, all premixes display the same
conductivity as the hydro-
phobic components such as PIB or PIBA, showing that water is not the
continuous phase in these
premixes.
The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being
strictly limited to
the exact numerical values recited. Instead, unless otherwise specified, each
such dimension is
intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range
surrounding that val-
ue. For example, a dimension disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "about
40 mm".
All documents cited in the Detailed Description of the Invention are, in
relevant part, incorpo-
rated herein by reference; the citation of any document is not to be construed
as an admission that
it is prior art with respect to the present invention. To the extent that any
meaning or definition
of a term in this document conflicts with any meaning or definition of the
same term in a docu-
ment incorporated by reference, the meaning or definition assigned to that
term in this document
shall govern.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated
and described, it
would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various other changes and
modifications can be
made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is
therefore intended to
cover in the appended claims all such changes and modifications that are
within the scope of this
invention.
