Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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62301-3401PPH
METHOD FOR PROVIDING FAST DRY TO FABRIC
[0001]
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0002] The present invention relates to a method for providing fast dry
property to fabric.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] After laundering of fabric, fabric is dried. Drying can be done by line
drying or dryer
drying. In a dryer, the longer the drying time, the more energy that is used
to dry the fabric. It
would be desirable to reduce the time needed to dry fabric.
[0004] W001/27232A1 discloses a fabric care composition comprising a polymeric
material that
is capable of self cross-linking and/or of reacting with cellulose together
with one or more textile
compatible carriers, wherein the polymeric material comprises one or more
poly(oxyalkylene)
groups having an end group which comprises one or more amino groups or
derivatives of said
amino groups. The compositions may be used to treat fabric as part of a
laundering process and
improve the surface color definition of the fabric following multiple
washings.
[0005] US2003/0162689A1 (W003/062361A1) discloses a liquid fabric conditioner
for fabric
care and to the use of the conditioner in a washing or laundry drying process,
to a conditioning
substrate containing a liquid fabric conditioner, and to a conditioning
process using the
conditioning substrate in a laundry drying process. The liquid fabric
conditioner and
conditioning substrate are used to reduce fluff formation and pilling.
[0006] TJS2007/0021315A1 discloses that hard water is softened by a
composition comprising a
fatty acid and/or an alkali salt thereof, a dispersing agent and a
precipitation softener thereby
simultaneously forming and dispersing an insoluble calcium salt of the fatty
acid.
[0007] GB2378960A discloses a fabric, care composition comprises a
fluorocarbon stain-
blocking agent and a cationic cross-linking polymeric material which is
capable of self cross-
linking and/or of reacting with cellulose together with one or more textile
compatible carriers,
wherein the cationic cross-linking polymeric material comprises one or more
poly(oxyalkylene)
groups having an end group which comprises one or more amino groups or
derivatives of said
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62301-3401PPH
amino groups. Use of the composition improves the surface color definition and
stain repellency
of a fabric after multiple washings and imparts pill and/or fuzz resistance.
[0008] EP372848A2 discloses an aqueous emulsion of a perfluoropolyether having
a molecular
weight in the range 3000 to 8000 is made by agitating the perfloropolyether
with a non-ionic
non-fluorine-containing surfactant having an HLB value in the range 11.5 to
17. The emulsions
may be used in fabric conditioners.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0009] A method for reducing time needed for drying fabric comprising
laundering the fabric at
least 3 times with a composition comprising a linear polyether having a weight
average
molecular weight less than 5000 that is terminated with ¨N¨(¨CH2¨CH(OH)-CH2-
C1)2, wherein
the linear polyether is deposited on the fabric and reduces the time needed
for drying.
[0009a] The composition described herein may also comprise a carrier.
[0010] In certain embodiments, the molecular weight is less than 2000.
[0011] Further areas of applicability of the present invention will become
apparent from the
detailed description provided hereinafter. It should be understood that the
detailed description
and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the
invention, are intended
for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of
the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0012] The following description of the preferred embodiment(s) is merely
exemplary in nature
and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
[0013] Provided is a method for reducing time needed for drying fabric
comprising laundering
the fabric at least 3 times with a composition comprising a linear polyether
having a weight
average molecular weight less than 5000 that is terminated with ¨N¨(--
CH2¨CH(OH)-CH2-C1)2,
wherein the linear polyether is deposited on the fabric and reduces the time
needed for drying.
[0014] The laundering can start with machine washing or hand washing. Washing
typically
includes using a detergent in a wash cycle. Washing is usually followed by a
rinse cycle. After
washing and rinsing, fabrics can be dried by hanging on a line or in a dryer.
The fabric can be
ironed after drying.
[0015] The method can be used on any type of fabric. In certain embodiments,
the fabric is in
need of a reduced time for drying. Typical fabrics include any fabric used to
make clothing,
such as cotton, polyester, clastanc, or denim. In certain embodiments, the
fabric is denim.
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[0016] The composition used in the method can be used during any step of the
laundering
method. In one embodiment, the composition is added during the wash cycle. In
one
embodiment, the composition is added during the rinse cycle. It has been found
that multiple
launderings can increase the reduction of the time needed for drying. The
fabric can be
laundered with the composition for at least 3 times, at least 4 times, or at
least 5 times.
[0017] The composition contains a linear polyether having a weight average
molecular weight
less than 5000 that is terminated with ¨N¨(¨CH2¨CH(OH)-CH2-C1)2. In other
embodiments, the
molecular weight is less than 4000, less than 3000, or less than 2000. In
certain embodiments,
the polymer has a molecular weight less than 2000. This polymer having a
molecular weight
less than 2000 is available from Devan Chemical under the PasserelleTM
trademark as DP5270 or
DFD. DP5270 is sold as an aqueous composition that contains 20% polymer with a
total solids
of 23-24%, with the other solids being surfactants. The DFD product contains
82% of the
DP5270 product and further contains ethoxylated fatty-quaternary softeners.
The amount of the
polymer in the composition is 0.08 to 0.4% by weight of the composition. In
certain
embodiments, the amount is 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, or 0.4 % by weight of the
composition. Based on as
supplied weight, the DP5270 composition can be used in an amount of 0.5 to 1.5
% by weight of
the composition, optionally at 0.5, 1, or 1.5 % by weight. The DFD composition
can be used in
an amount of 0.5 to 2 % by weight of the composition, optionally at 0.5, 1,
1.5, or 2 % by
weight.
[0018] The PasserelleTM polyethers are used to treat fabrics during the
manufacture of the fabrics
by direct application of the polyethers to the fabric to provide fast dry to
the fabrics. The method
of the invention allows the polyether to be added to fabrics that were never
treated or to reapply
the polyethers during home use.
[0019] In one embodiment, the polyether is included in a fabric conditioner. A
fabric
conditioner composition contains a fabric softener material. In certain
embodiments, the softener
is a cationic softener selected from among esterquats, imidazolinium quats,
difatty diamide
ammonium methyl sulfate, ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, and mixtures
thereof.
[0020] In certain embodiments, the cationic fabric softener is an esterquat.
The esterquats of the
following formula:
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+
R2
R3
\N/ 0 X-
/ \ 11
R1 (CH2)q-0-C-R4
wherein R4 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms,
R2 and R3
represent (CH2)s-R5, where R5 is an alkoxy carbonyl group containing from 8 to
22 carbon
atoms, benzyl, phenyl, Ci-CA alkyl substituted phenyl, OH or H; R1 is (CH2)t-
R6, where R6 is
benzyl, phenyl, Ci-CA alkyl substituted phenyl, OH or H; q, s, and t, each
independently, are an
integer from 1 to 3; and X- is a softener compatible anion.
[0021] The esterquat is produced by reacting about 1.65 (1.5 to 1.75) moles of
fatty acid methyl
ester with one mole of alkanol amine followed by quaternization with dimethyl
sulfate (further
details on this preparation method are disclosed in US-A-3,915,867). Using
this ratio controls
the amount of each of monoesterquat, diesterquat, and triesterquat in the
composition. In certain
embodiments, the alkanol amine comprises triethanolamine. In certain
embodiments, it is
desirable to increase the amount of diesterquat and minimize the amount of
triesterquat to
increase the softening capabilities of the composition. By selecting a ratio
of about 1.65, the
triesterquat can be minimized while increasing the monoesterquat.
[0022] Monoesterquat is more soluble in water than triesterquat. Depending on
the Al, more or
less monoesterquat is desired. At higher Al levels (usually at least 7%), more
monoesterquat as
compared to triesterquat is desired so that the esterquat is more soluble in
the water so that the
esterquat can be delivered to fabric during use. At lower Al levels (usually
up to 3%), less
monoesterquat is desired because during use, it is desired for the esterquat
to leave solution and
deposit on fabric to effect fabric softening. Depending on the Al, the amount
of monoesterquat
and triesterquat are adjusted to balance solubility and delivery of the
esterquat.
[0023] In certain embodiments, the reaction products are 50-65 weight%
diesterquat, 20-40
weight% monoester, and 25 weight% or less triester, which are shown below:
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r2cH2oH
N ¨CH2CH2OCOR
CH2CH2OH
11-12CH2OH
CH2CH2OCOR
N ¨CH2CH2OH 2 RCOOCH3
N ¨CH2CH2OCOR
CH2CH2OH
CH2CH2OH
r2CH2OCOR
N ¨CH2CH2OCOR
CH2CH2OH
+ CH2CH2OCOR
H3C¨N ¨CH2CH2OCOR (14 co
CH2CH2OH
CH2CH2OCOR
+ (C1-11)2SO4
H3C¨ N ¨CH2CH2OCOR CH3SO4
CH2CH2OH
r2CH2OCOR
I +
H3C¨N ¨CH2CH2OCOR CH3SO4-
CH2CH2OCOR
In other embodiments, the amount of diesterquat is 52-60, 53-58, or 53-55
weight %. In other
embodiments, the amount of monoesterquat is 30-40 or 35-40 weight%. In other
embodiments,
the amount of triesterquat is 1-12 or 8-11 weight %.
[0024] The percentages, by weight, of mono, di, and tri esterquats, as
described above are
determined by the quantitative analytical method described in the publication
"Characterisation
of quaternized triethanolamine esters (esterquats) by HPLC, HRCGC and NMR"
A.J. Wilkes, C.
Jacobs, G. Walraven and J.M. Talbot - Colgate Palmolive R&D Inc. - 4th world
Surfactants
Congress, Barcelone, 3-7 VI 1996, page 382. The percentages, by weight, of the
mono, di and tri
esterquats measured on dried samples are normalized on the basis of 100%. The
normalization is
required due to the presence of 10% to 15%, by weight, of non-quaternized
species, such as ester
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WO 2013/033508 PCT/US2012/053300
amines and free fatty acids. Accordingly, the normalized weight percentages
refer to the pure
esterquat component of the raw material. In other words, for the weight % of
each of
monoesterquat, diesterquat, and triesterquat, the weight % is based on the
total amount of
monoesterquat, diesterquat, and triesterquat in the composition.
[0025] In certain embodiments, the percentage of saturated fatty acids based
on the total weight
of fatty acids is 45 to 75%. Esterquat compositions using this percentage of
saturated fatty acids
do not suffer from the processing drawbacks of 100% saturated materials. When
used in fabric
softening, the compositions provide good consumer perceived fabric softness
while retaining
good fragrance delivery. In other embodiments, the amount is at least 50, 55,
60, 65 or 70 up to
75%. In other embodiments, the amount is no more than 70, 65, 60, 55, or 50
down to 45%. In
other embodiments, the amount is 50 to 70%, 55 to 65%, or 57.5 to 67.5%. In
one embodiment,
the percentage of the fatty acid chains that are saturated is about 62.5% by
weight of the fatty
acid. In this embodiment, this can be obtained from a 50:50 ratio of hard:soft
fatty acid.
[0026] By hard, it is meant that the fatty acid is close to full
hydrogenation. In certain
embodiments, a fully hydrogenated fatty acid has an iodine value of 10 or
less. By soft, it is
meant that the fatty acid is no more than partially hydrogenated. In certain
embodiments, a no
more than partially hydrogenated fatty acid has an iodine value of at least
40. In certain
embodiments, a partially hydrogenated fatty acid has an iodine value of 40 to
55. The iodine
value can be measured by ASTM D5554-95 (2006). In certain embodiments, a ratio
of hard fatty
acid to soft fatty acid is 70:30 to 40:60. In other embodiments, the ratio is
60:40 to 40:60 or
55:45 to 45:55. In one embodiment, the ratio is about 50:50. Because in these
specific
embodiments, each of the hard fatty acid and soft fatty acid cover ranges for
different levels of
saturation (hydrogenation), the actual percentage of fatty acids that are
fully saturated can vary.
In certain embodiments, soft tallow contains approximately 47% saturated
chains by weight.
[0027] The percentage of saturated fatty acids can be achieved by using a
mixture of fatty acids
to make the esterquat, or the percentage can be achieved by blending
esterquats with different
amounts of saturated fatty acids.
[0028] The fatty acids can be any fatty acid that is used for manufacturing
esterquats for fabric
softening. Examples of fatty acids include, but are not limited to, coconut
oil, palm oil, tallow,
rape oil, fish oil, or chemically synthesized fatty acids. In certain
embodiments, the fatty acid is
tallow.
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[0029] While the esterquat can be provided in solid form, it is usually
present in a solvent in
liquid form. In solid form, the esterquat can be delivered from a dryer sheet
in the laundry. In
certain embodiments, the solvent comprises water.
[0030] Al refers to the active weight of the combined amounts for
monoesterquat, diesterquat,
and triesterquat. Delivered Al refers to the mass (in grams) of esterquat used
in a laundry load.
A load is 3.5 kilograms of fabric in weight. As the size of a load changes,
for example using a
smaller or larger size load in a washing machine, the delivered Al adjusts
proportionally. In
certain embodiments, the delivered Al is 2.8 to 8 grams per load. In other
embodiments, the
delivered AI is 2.8 to 7, 2.8 to 6, 2.8 to 5, 3 to 8, 3 to 7, 3 to 6, 3 to 5,
4 to 8, 4 to 7, 4 to 6, or 4 to
grams per load.
[0031] The composition can be provided as a fragrance free composition, or it
can contain a
fragrance. The amount of fragrance can be any desired amount depending on the
preference of
the user. In certain embodiments, the total amount of fragrance oil is 0.3 to
3 weight % of the
composition. The fragrance can be in free form, encapsulated, or both.
[0032] Fragrance, or perfume, refers to odoriferous materials that are able to
provide a desirable
fragrance to fabrics, and encompasses conventional materials commonly used in
detergent
compositions to provide a pleasing fragrance and/or to counteract a malodor.
The fragrances are
generally in the liquid state at ambient temperature, although solid
fragrances can also be used.
Fragrance materials include, but are not limited to, such materials as
aldehydes, ketones, esters
and the like that are conventionally employed to impart a pleasing fragrance
to laundry
compositions. Naturally occurring plant and animal oils are also commonly used
as components
of fragrances.
[0033] The composition can contain any material that can be added to fabric
softeners.
Examples of materials include, but are not limited to, surfactants, thickening
polymers, colorants,
clays, buffers, silicones, fatty alcohols, and fatty esters.
[0034] The fabric conditioners may additionally contain a thickener. In one
embodiment, the
thickening polymer is the FLOSOFTTm DP200 polymer from SNF Floerger that is
described in
United States Patent No. 6,864,223 to Smith et al., which is sold as FLOSOFTTm
DP200, which
as a water soluble cross-linked cationic polymer derived from the
polymerization of from 5 to
100 mole percent of cationic vinyl addition monomer, from 0 to 95 mole percent
of acrylamide,
and from 70 to 300 ppm of a difunctional vinyl addition monomer cross-linking
agent. A
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suitable thickener is a water-soluble cross-linked cationic vinyl polymer
which is cross-linked
using a cross-linking agent of a difunctional vinyl addition monomer at a
level of from 70 to 300
ppm, preferably from 75 to 200 ppm, and most preferably of from 80 to 150 ppm.
These
polymers are further described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,806,345, and other polymers
that may be
utilized are disclosed in WO 90/12862. Generally, such polymers are prepared
as water-in-oil
emulsions, wherein the cross-linked polymers are dispersed in mineral oil,
which may contain
surfactants. During finished product making, in contact with the water phase,
the emulsion
inverts, allowing the water soluble polymer to swell. The most preferred
thickener is a cross-
linked copolymer of a quaternary ammonium acrylate or methacrylate in
combination with an
acrylamide comonomer. The thickener in accordance provides fabric softening
compositions
showing long term stability upon storage and allows the presence of relatively
high levels of
electrolytes without affecting the composition stability. Besides, the fabric
softening
compositions remain stable when shear is applied thereto. In certain
embodiments, the amount
of this thickening polymer is at least 0.001 weight %. In other embodiments,
the amount is
0.001 to 0.35 weight %.
[0035] The fabric conditioner may further include a chelating compound.
Suitable chelating
compounds are capable of chelating metal ions and are present at a level of at
least 0.001%, by
weight, of the fabric softening composition, preferably from 0.001% to 0.5%,
and more
preferably 0.005% to 0.25%, by weight. The chelating compounds which are
acidic in nature
may be present either in the acidic form or as a complex/salt with a suitable
counter cation such
as an alkali or alkaline earth metal ion, ammonium or substituted ammonium ion
or any mixtures
thereof The chelating compounds are selected from among amino carboxylic acid
compounds
and organo aminophosphonic acid compounds, and mixtures of same. Suitable
amino carboxylic
acid compounds include: ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA); N-
hydroxyethylenediamine
triacetic acid; nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA); and diethylenetriamine
pentaacetic acid (DEPTA).
Suitable organo aminophosphonic acid compounds include: ethylenediamine
tetrakis
(methylenephosphonic acid); 1-hydroxyethane 1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP); and
aminotri
(methylenephosphonic acid). In certain embodiments, the composition can
include amino tri
methylene phosphonic acid, which is available as DequestTM 2000 from Monsanto.
In other
embodiments, the composition can include glutamic acid, N,N-diacetic acid,
tetra sodium salt,
which is available as DissolvineTM GL from AkzoNobel.
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[0036] In certain embodiments, the composition can include a C13¨C15 Fatty
Alcohol EO 20:1,
which is a nonionic surfactant with an average of 20 ethoxylate groups. In
certain embodiments,
the amount is 0.05 to 0.5 weight%.
[0037] In certain embodiments, the composition can contain a silicone as a
defoamer, such as
Dow ComingTM 1430 defoamer. In certain embodiments, the amount is 0.05 to 0.8
weight%.
[0038] In certain embodiments, the composition can be an aqueous composition
that contains the
linear polyether and water. In other embodiments, the linear polyether can be
added directly to
the laundering method.
[0039] In certain embodiments, the method reduces the time needed for drying
by at least 5, at
least 10, or at least 20% as compared to a time for drying without the use of
the linear polyether.
SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS
[0040] In the examples below, the amounts of material are based on the as
supplied weight of the
material. For each of the examples, the amount of water is reduced by the
amount of polyether
added.
Material (weight %) Comparative Example
TetranylTm AHT5090 Esterquat from Kao 7.8 7.8
Lactic acid (80% active) 0.0625 0.0625
DequestTM 2000 amino trimethyl phosphonic acid 0.05 0.05
FLOSOFTTm DP200 thickening polymer 0.135 0.135
DPD or DP5270 linear polyether having a weight average 0 0.5, 1, 1.5,
or
molecular weight less than 2000 that is terminated with ¨N¨(¨ 2
CH2¨CH(OH)-CH2-C1)2
Water and minors (fragrance, preservative, color) about 85.5% Q.S. to 100
Q.S. to 100
water for the comparative
[0041] Preparation Method
[0042] Weigh required amount of distilled water in a beaker. Add amino
trimethyl phosphonic
acid and lactic acid to water and mix. Heat to 40 C. Stir the solution using
an overhead stirrer at
250 RPM for 2 minutes. In a beaker, heat esterquat to 65 C. Add esterquat into
solution while
stirring at 400 RPM. Mix the solution for 10 minutes. Add SNFTM polymer into
the solution and
stir for 10 minutes. Add the polyether polymer into solution while stirring at
250 RPM. Mix the
solution for 5 minutes. Check the temperature of the mixture. On cooling to
room temperature,
add any fragrance drop wise.
[0043] Fabric Treatment with Fabric Softener
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= 62301-3401 V =
[0043a] Prepare an approximate 1.8 kg load containing 5 denim swatches (100%
cotton denim, 35
X 35 cm long, approximately 50 g per swatch) with 1.6 kg of ballast load , per
product to be
tested (washing machine).
= Weigh each Swatch and record measurement
= Using a marking pen, label swatches with respective product
identification code.
= Weigh out detergent samples and fabric softener for each wash.
= Washing machine(s) should be cleaned by conducting a wash cycle.
Washer Type Top Load
Wash Cycle Normal Cycle
Wash Time 55 minutes
Water Level 43 liters used for each wash and rinse
cycles
Wash Temperature Room Temperature
Rinse Temperature Room Temperature
Laundry Load Size 1.8 Kg
Detergent ArielTm Oxianillos detergent from
Mexico
Dosage 90
Fabric Softener 110 g
= Set wash controls for custom cycle with specified wash period. Add
detergent and fabric
softener to respective compartments in washing machine. Add swatches and
ballast load to
washing machine.
= Start wash cycle
= Wash for specified amount of time
= Remove wash load & swatches for hand wash rinsing.
[0044] All the garments treated are rinsed and hung to dry without wriggling.
The garment are
allowed to hang for 5 Minutes to drip the excess of water and then weighed.
Once completed,
they are weighed each at fixed time interval (every 30 minutes) in order to
assess the speed of
drying.
[0045] 35 cm denim swatches are evaluated during the experiment (35 cm x 35
cm). Up to 5
denim swatches are evaluated per treatment as repetitions in order to avoid
the experimental
error. The following treatments are tested during the experiment:
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' 62301-3401 = =
[0046] The Passerelle TM DFD polymer is tested at 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 weight %
as supplied in the
fabric conditioner composition. The percent water retained is shown below
compared to a fabric
conditioner without the polymer.
Polymer Weight % Water Retention (%)
0.5% 105.767
1.5% 106.47
1 % 107.689
2% 108.767
Control without polymer 111.831
[0047] The Passerelle TM DP5270 polymer is tested at 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 weight
% as supplied in
the fabric conditioner composition. The percent water retained is shown below
compared to a
fabric conditioner without the polymer.
Polymer Weight % Water Retention (%)
1 % 105.452
1.5% 105.62
2% 106.822
Control without polymer 107.1
0.5 % 108.563
[0048] The reduction of drying time in a tumble drier is determined by
measuring the % water
retention of denim swatches during drying.
[0049] In order to plot the speed of drying the % Water Retention is
calculated based in the
following formula
%Water Retention= (WeightWet ¨WeightDry) x100
WeightDry
The % Water Retention is plotted during the time of the experiment (Every 30
min).
[0050] Fabric Treatment with Fabric Softener
[0050a] Prepare an approximate 2 kg load containing 5 denim swatches (100%
cotton denim, 175
cm long, approximately 400 g per swatch) without ballast, per product to be
tested (washing
machine).
= Using a marking pen, label swatches with respective product
identification code.
= Weigh out detergent samples and fabric softener for each wash.
= Washing machine(s) should be cleaned by conducting a wash cycle.
Washer Type Front Loading
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Wash Cycle Custom ¨ 40 C, "Fast" Centrifugation
Wash Time 77 minutes
Water Level 23 liters used for all wash and rinse
cycles
Wash Temperature 40 C
Rinse Temperature Room Temperature
Spin Speed 1200 RPM
Laundry Load Size 2 Kg
Drying Dryer
Detergent ArielTM Professional detergent from
Europe
Dosage 80 g
Fabric Softener 110 g
= Set wash controls for custom cycle with specified wash period. Add
detergent and fabric
softener to respective compartments in washing machine. Add swatches to
washing
machine.
= Start wash cycle
= Wash for specified amount of time
[0051] The test is run for 50 minutes, and the percent water retention is
measured. Three samples
are prepared: a swatch that has no treatment, a swatch treated with fabric
conditioner, and a swatch
with fabric conditioner containing PasserelleTM DFD at 2% by weight. After 20
minutes of drying,
the swatches with PasserelleTM DFD at 2% are almost dry and statistically
different versus
conditioner treated and water only treatments that are dried for 50 minutes.
See data below.
Sample Water Retention (%)
PasserelleTM DFD at 2% 3.723
Fabric Conditioner only 15.892
Water only 19.345
[0052] As used throughout, ranges are used as shorthand for describing each
and every value
that is within the range. Any value within the range can be selected as the
terminus of the range.
[0053] Unless otherwise specified, all percentages and amounts expressed
herein and elsewhere
in the specification should be understood to refer to percentages by weight.
The amounts given
are based on the active weight of the material.
12
