Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
CA 02851799 2014-05-14
BP 399 CA
CM/LB/bu
Arrangement for the Protection of an Object, especially
of a Motor Vehicle, against Approaching Projectiles
The invention relates to an arrangement for the
protection of an object, especially of a motor vehicle
such as an armoured wheeled or tracked vehicle, against
approaching projectiles.
Especially military vehicles, e.g. battle tanks,
armoured infantry fighting vehicles and armoured
personnel carriers, nowadays require
highly
multipurpose and flexible protection
against
approaching projectiles. It is the aim, with the use of
a suitable additive arrangement, to protect the motor
vehicle against different threat scenarios. On the one
hand the threat is possible from all sides in
= asymmetric warfare, thus very good all-round protection
is necessary, and on the other hand the vehicles should
also be protected very well in classic threat
scenarios, wherein the battle capability and hence
strong protection in the region of the front of the
motor vehicle is important. A protection arrangement is
advantageous that achieves both if possible.
Another problem is that the approaching projectiles can
be significantly different. Thus hollow charges form a
thin, vary rapid projectile, whereas IED-EFPs (=
improvised explosive device (IED), explosively formed
projectile (EFP)), form large, heavy projectiles,
whereas KE munitions (kinetic energy (KE)) represent
very thin, long and hard projectiles.
Special emphasis is placed on the lateral protection of
the motor vehicle, because here large surfaces must be
protected, especially since in the case of asymmetric
warfare there are many different threats from the
lateral direction.
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Within the scope of the different projectiles,
especially the IED-EFPs are particularly problematic;
they impose the greatest demands on the armouring of
such motor vehicles. These are explosive charges, which
use the detonation energy of explosives in order to
deform one or more projectiles of a ductile material,
which are accelerated in a controlled manner to speeds
of 1500 to 3000 m/s. Here the penetration capabilities
of more than 100 mm into armour steel are quite common.
Fragmentation charges and even focussed fragmentation
charges are likewise widespread threats today, but do
not achieve the penetration power of the EFPs
described. If as a result effective protection against
the IED-EFPs is achieved, then consequently very
effective protection is given against other threats at
the same time.
An arrangement of the type described above is known
from DE 198 25 260 B4, in which disruptive bodies of a
surface or up armouring of the object to be protected
are previously provided. Said disruptive bodies are
swing-mounted, spring-mounted or flexibly mounted. They
are either fixedly connected to the up armouring or the
surface of the object to be protected, but can also be
screwed on or otherwise fixed there. The geometry of
the disruptive bodies can thereby be diverse; they can
be cylindrical, pin-shaped, spherical, conical and
similar. They are preferably hollow bodies, which may
be able to be filled with a filling medium. A plurality
of such disruptive bodies is disposed in a distributed
manner over the surface to be protected. The specific
choice of the geometry of the disruptive body or rather
its specific design ultimately takes place depending on
the threat to be protected against. Also here the
disruptive bodies are to be made of suitable materials,
which make them heavy on the one hand and expensive on
the other hand, in order to achieve the necessary mass
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efficiency factor in the weight ratio to a homogenous
,
armour steel plate.
The object of the invention is to specify a protection
arrangement that can be adapted to a motor vehicle,
that is of simple construction, but at the same time
provides suitable surface protection.
To achieve said objective, according to the invention
an arrangement for the protection of an object,
especially a motor vehicle, against approaching
projectiles is provided, consisting of a plurality of
profile rods of prism-shaped cross-section, which are
disposed in at least two rows that are one behind the
other and at a distance apart, in which the respective
parallel profile rods are at a distance apart, wherein
the profile rods of the front row cover the gaps
_
between the profile rods of the rear row.
,
The arrangement according to the invention, which can
be adaptively disposed on a motor vehicle such as a
tank or similar, consists of two rows disposed in a
staggered manner one behind the other, each consisting
of a plurality of mutually parallel profile rods, which
are also at a distance from each other. The two rows
are disposed such that they are offset, which means
that the profile rods of the front first row cover the
gaps between the profile rods of the rear second row.
This therefore produces a closed surface when viewed
from the side, which is however geometrically divided
or rather structured. The profile rods themselves
comprise a prism-shaped cross-section. They are
preferably quadrilateral, e.g. rhomboidal or square,
but wherein pentagonal or hexagonal cross-sectional
shapes are also conceivable.
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The arrangement according to the invention enables
targeted damage or rather destruction of the
approaching projectiles, especially the EFPs. By means
of the offset arrangement of the rows of profile rods,
defined open spaces occur in which the fragmenting
projectile materials can move by means of interacting
impulse forces that are acting from different
directions. The operation here is consequently not
based on the strength of the material, but on inertia
and the laws of momentum in the interaction of the
projectile and the profile rod. This is because the
projectiles fragment on impact or by impulse action as
a result of the described positioning of the rows or
rather of the profile rods and the creation of the
defined open spaces. The faster and hence more
dangerous the projectiles are, the better is the
destructive effect. Besides protection against EFPs,
protection against fragmentation charges is also
provided, because fragmentation charges have
significantly less penetration power than EFPs, and
protection against flechettes is also provided. These
are fractured by asymmetrical cross-sectional loads and
separate into individual fragments, which in turn can
move in the open spaces. As described, the profile rods
are preferably quadrilateral in cross-section; they can
have a square or rhomboidal shape. The edges can be
angular or slightly rounded.
The arrangement is such that preferably at least the
profile rods of the first row facing away from the
vehicle are disposed such that the edges project
laterally. In addition, the profile rods of the second
row can be disposed such that one edge projects
laterally, which means that the orientation of the
profile rods of both rows is the same. The profile rod
surfaces are consequently inclined, so that an incident
projectile is ultimately deflected to the side and
enters a defined open space.
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The profile rods of the first and second rows can
preferably have a cross-section of 2 to 200 cm2. The
profile rods of the two rows can thereby have the same
cross-sectional area, but advantageously the profile
rods of the first row preferably have a smaller cross-
sectional area Al than that (A2) of the second row. It
is, however, also possible that the profile rods of the
second row have a smaller cross-sectional area than
those of the first row. To generalize, it can be said
that the size of the cross-sectional areas in the two
rows can deviate from each other, e.g. by approx. 10 %.
The cross-sectional area can be smaller by a factor >
0.5 and < 1.0, especially between 0.7 and 0.9, that is
e.g. Al = 0.9 A2.
The distance of a profile rod of the first row from an
adjacent profile rod of the second row should be
between 3 and 100 mm. The specific distance to be
selected depends of course on the respective cross-
sectional areas of the profile rods of the individual
rows, and also on their separation within the
individual rows. The separation should be such that
there are sufficient large open spaces into which the
deflected, fragmenting projectile parts can penetrate
following the first impact on the arrangement according
to the invention, during which they were dispersed by
fragmentation of the approaching projectile, which is
connected to the corresponding energy reduction.
The profile rods are advantageously made of metallic
material. Because the manner of operation according to
the invention is not based on the strength of the
material, but on inertia and the laws of momentum
during the interaction of the projectile and the
profile rods, with the arrangement according to the
invention an inexpensive material such as e.g.
structural steel can be used instead of armour steel.
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The profile rods themselves can be implemented as a
solid profile or as a hollow profile, wherein basically
there is the option of filling an approximately hollow
profile with an additional material if this is
advantageous for reasons of energy dissipation.
An advantageous development of the invention provides
that inclined bulge plates are disposed between the
profile rods of a row, preferably continuing between
the profile rods of the other row. Said integrated
bulge plates additionally act against hollow charge
threats. Such hollow charges generate highly dynamic
hollow charge spikes, which are severely damaged by the
integrated bulge plates, which act as additional
baffles and deflection surfaces, and thereby only have
a very small residual penetration capability into the
basic armour of the protected vehicle.
Said bulge plates can be implemented as single-layer
plates or as sandwich components, especially consisting
of a layer of rubber or plastic and at least one layer
of metallic material. The sandwich structure and the
deformability resulting therefrom are likewise
advantageous in respect of diminishing kinetic energy.
According to the invention the metal profiles, and
possibly also the bulge plates, are disposed on a
plurality of common mountings, which they may pass
through. The profile rods comprise a length of one or a
plurality of metres, so that the entire gate-like
arrangement extends over a corresponding vehicle
length. The number of serially employed profile rods is
selected depending on how high the region of the
vehicle to be protected is. Suitable mountings are
provided in order to fix the profile rods in their
position relative to each other in a simple manner,
e.g. suitable plates or similar supports, on which the
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profile rods of the individual rows are disposed. If
e.g. mounting plates are used then they can be provided
with suitable apertures corresponding to the cross-
sectional shape of the profile rods, through which the
profile rods are passed.
Here the mountings can be provided on the vehicle ex-
factory, which means that the arrangement is virtually
constructed on the vehicle. However, it is also
conceivable to implement the arrangement virtually as a
prefabricated gate and to dispose the profile rods and
possibly also the bulge plates on corresponding
separate mountings, wherein said mountings can also be
used simultaneously as attachment elements for
attaching the entire arrangement to the motor vehicle
to be protected. If an arrangement is not too long, it
can definitely be lifted and moved by two men. This
means that e.g. a side of a vehicle can be protected by
juxtaposing three or four arrangements. If the front of
the vehicle is to be protected, it is easily possible
to position two arrangements on the front of the
vehicle, wherein fixing is again possible there by
means of the corresponding mountings.
If the profile rods are inserted in fixed mountings
provided on the vehicle, then conversion is of course
also possible very simply. However, this of course
presupposes that for moving the arrangement from the
side to the front of the vehicle suitable mountings are
also provided at the front.
Besides the arrangement itself, the invention further
relates to a motor vehicle, e.g. a tracked vehicle or a
different armoured vehicle, comprising one or more
arrangements of the previously described type mounted
on a side or the front or the rear. The corresponding
mountings, which support the profile rods and possibly
the bulge plates, can already be fixedly provided on
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s . the vehicle, so that for construction of the
arrangement only the individual profile rods and
possibly bulge plates are positioned. However, it is
also conceivable to position prefabricated arrangements
as complete protection elements on the vehicle, wherein
each arrangement then comprises suitable mountings, or
rather attachment elements, in order to fix them on the
vehicle.
Advantageously, the respective arrangement is disposed
at a distance from armouring provided on the motor
vehicle. A known open space that is required for
effectiveness is achieved by means of said distance,
which does cause an increase in the volume of
protection relative to the structure of the vehicle to
be protected. Said open space does not, however, have
to be dead space, but can for example be used as
stowage space. The filling of said open space with
stowed objects, which can act as further "absorption
elements", can certainly improve the degree of
protection even more.
The distance of the second row of the arrangement from
the motor vehicle or rather the basic armour of the
vehicle should be between 20 and 2000 mm. This means
that the arrangement can either be disposed very close
to the basic armour of the motor vehicle or can also be
disposed at a significant distance therefrom, for which
purpose of course suitable distance pieces or similar
are to be used as required. The distance should if
possible be dimensioned such that it corresponds
approximately to ten times the value of the smallest or
most average cross-sectional area of the profile rods
used. Thus, if profile rods of e.g. 25 cm2 are used,
then the distance of the arrangement from the basic
armour should be 250 mm.
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As already explained for the previously described
arrangement, there is the option of implementing each
arrangement virtually as a separate, prefabricated
gate-like component. Suitable attachment elements are
then provided on the arrangement or on each
arrangement, by means of which the arrangement can be
reversibly attached to the vehicle. If corresponding
mountings are provided on the arrangement in the form
of mounting plates or similar, on which the profile
rods and possibly the bulge plates are disposed, then
said mountings can simultaneously be implemented as
corresponding attachment elements, e.g. by providing
corresponding hooks with which the mountings and hence
the arrangements can be suspended on suitable sections
on the surface of the vehicle, or suitable apertures
for a thread and similar are provided.
However, it is alternatively also conceivable to
provide suitable mountings on the vehicle itself, in
which the profile rods and possibly the bulge plates of
the arrangement are reversibly fixed. This means that
in the region of the surfaces in front of which the
arrangement is to be positioned,
corresponding
mountings are provided, e.g. mountings in which the
individual profile rods are inserted and fixed, or into
which they are pushed from the side etc. The mountings
must of course basically be designed such that when
travelling the profile rods do not come loose by
themselves, but are securely fixed.
In order to allow conversion of the form of the
arrangement in the case in which the mountings are
provided on the vehicle, e.g. such that the arrangement
is transposed from the side of the vehicle to the front
of the vehicle, suitable mountings are provided over
the surface of the vehicle at different positions, so
that it is easily possible to remove the profile rods
and possibly the bulge plates from the mountings on the
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side of the vehicle and e.g. to insert them in
mountings on the front. In the case of using
prefabricated gate-like arrangements, the conversion is
simply carried out by removing the corresponding
arrangements completely from the vehicle
and re-
attaching them at another position on the vehicle.
Especially in the last mentioned case, it is
advantageous to implement the arrangements in a
suitable short form, e.g. with a length of 1, 1.5 or 2
m. In this case a plurality of such mountings is then
juxtaposed to protect one side of a vehicle.
If the
vehicle is e.g. a tank with a length of 6 m, then e.g.
four arrangements positioned adjacent to each other
would be used for the protection of the side of the
vehicle including the track mechanism. If a conversion
is carried out and if the front of the tank is to be
protected, then it is easily possible to remove two
short arrangements from the side and to attach them to
= 20 the front. The resulting overall length of the
arrangement, according to the above example, of 2, 3 or
4 m, accordingly covers the front of the tank.
Further advantages, features and details of the
invention arise from the following exemplary embodiment
and using the figures. In the figures:
Figure 1 shows a frontal side view of an arrangement
according to the invention,
Figure 2 shows a side view of the arrangement of
Figure 1,
Figure 3 shows a side view of an arrangement of a
second embodiment,
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Figure 4 shows a representation of the principle of
the operation of an arrangement according to
the invention,
Figure 5 shows an example of fitting an arrangement
according to the invention to a tracked
vehicle, and
Figure 6 shows a representation of the principle of a
motor vehicle according to the invention with
an arrangement according to the invention.
Figure 1 shows an arrangement 1 according to the
invention, which is used for the protection of an
object such as especially a motor vehicle, especially
an armoured tracked vehicle. The arrangement consists
of a plurality of profile rods of prism-shaped cross-
section, which are disposed in two separate rows 2, 3
(see Fig. 2). The profile rods 4 of the first row 2 are
disposed one above the other and parallel to each
other, but separately from each other. In a
corresponding manner, the profile rods 5 of the second
row 3 are disposed one above the other and parallel to
each other, but likewise separately from each other. It
can be seen that the two rows 2, 3 are offset in
position such that the profile rods 4, looking from the
front 6 of the arrangement 1, cover the gaps between
two underlying profile rods 5 of the second row 3. It
thus provides a virtually closed front when viewed from
the side.
The profile rods 4 are shown in cross-section as
quadrilateral, square in the initial example shown.
They can, however, also be rhomboidal, or have a cross-
sectional shape with more edges. The cross-
sectional
areas of the profile rods 4 and 5 can be identical, but
they can also be different, wherein preferably the
cross-sectional areas of the profile rods 4 of the
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first row 2 are then smaller than the cross-sectional
areas of the profile rods 5 of the second row 3.
The distances, looking vertically, between two profile
rods 4, or rather two profile rods 5, can be between 3
and 100 mm, wherein ultimately the specific selected
geometric arrangement depends on the cross-sectional
shape and the cross-sectional area of the individual
profile rods, since it must be ensured that the profile
rods 4 cover the gaps between two profile rods 5.
The profile rods 4 and 5 are made of metallic material;
they can have a solid profile or a hollow profile,
possibly filled (e.g. with sand or similar). They are
preferably made of simple structural steel, i.e. not of
expensive armour steel. This is because they have a
high protective effect, which is not based on the
outstanding strength properties of the material used,
but on the targeted creation of contours that are used
for the fragmentation of an incident projectile, which
thus fragments into a number of individual sub
projectiles, which move into defined created open
spaces between the profile rods 4, 5 and are again
incident there on defined surfaces, so that overall
high grade fragmentation of the incident projectile
occurs in combination with high impulse transfers onto
the involved profile rods, kinetic energy of the sub
projectiles being destroyed such that said sub
projectiles, if any, only impact on the underlying
armouring of the motor vehicle with low penetration
power and cannot cause any damage there.
In the side view according to Figure 2, a mounting 7
can be identified, wherein two such mountings 7 are
provided in the exemplary embodiment shown, see Figure
1. These comprise suitable apertures 8, 9, which
essentially correspond to the geometry of the profile
rods, so that these can be inserted through the
CA 02851799 2014-05-14
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aperture 8, 9. The inserted profile rods 4, 5 can then
be welded to the mountings 7 in their end position, so
that overall a prefabricated arrangement 1 results,
which as such can be installed in a complete form. Such
an arrangement 1 has e.g. a length of 1 to 1.5 m, so
that they can still be carried. Such dimensions also
enable a larger area, e.g. a complete lateral surface
of a tank, to be covered by attaching a plurality of
such arrangements adjacent to each other. If the front
of the tank is to be protected, it is easily possible
to attach e.g. only two such arrangements 1 to the
front.
In order to enable simple attachment, in the example
shown attachment elements 10, in this case hooks, are
shown only in principle on the mountings 7, with which
the arrangement 1 can be suspended in corresponding
suspension sections that are provided on the motor
vehicle, wherein of course additional means for secure
attachment can still be used in order to prevent the
loss of an arrangement when the vehicle is moving.
Figure 3 shows an arrangement 1 according to the
invention, which corresponds in its structure to that
from Figures 1 and 2. Also two rows 2, 3 consisting of
profile rods 4, 5 are formed there, which in turn are
received in at least two corresponding mountings 7. The
row offset according to the invention is also achieved
here.
Additional bulge plates 11 are shown here placed
between the corresponding rows, which may be inserted
or rather fixed in corresponding receiving slots on the
two mountings 7. Said bulge plates 11 can be simple
metal plates, but conceivably are also sandwich
structures consisting of a metal layer and an attached
plastic or rubber layer or similar. Said bulge plates
counteract additional hollow charge threats. Such
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hollow charges form very dynamic high charge spikes,
which can be heavily damaged by the integrated bulge
plates. Of course, said bulge plates also have an
additional protection function against a bombardment
with e.g. EFP projectiles, because they too necessarily
act in an impulse-destructive or rather energy-
destructive manner.
Figure 4 shows, in the form of a representation of the
principle, the operation of the arrangement 1 according
to the invention, which is only illustrated here
according to the principle. The arrangement 1 is shown,
which is positioned in front of the basic armour 12 of
a motor vehicle. The distance d between the rear plane
of the arrangement 1 and the basic armour 12 should be
between 20 mm and 2000 mm, wherein an advantageous
distance can be determined such that it corresponds
(in mm) at least to 10 times the numerical value of
the minimum cross-sectional area of a profile rod, if
all profile rods 4, 5 have the same cross-sectional
area, or to the average value of the cross-sectional
area. Thus if a profile rod e.g. has a cross-sectional
area of 36 cm2, then the distance d should be 360 mm.
As Figure 4 shows, or rather also the previous figures
show, the profile rods 4, 5 are disposed such that each
edge 13, 14 is oriented towards the approaching threat,
here represented by an approaching projectile 15. The
quadrilateral profile rods 4, 5 are thus oriented such
that the two diagonals run horizontally and vertically.
This means that the respective rod surfaces 16 or 17
run at an angle not equal to 90 to the horizontal; in
the example shown they are at an angle of 450 to the
horizontal (assuming vertical orientation of the
arrangement 1).
It is assumed that the projectile 15, e.g. an EFP
projectile, is incident upon the arrangement 1. It
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strikes a profile rod 4 of the first row 2 and impinges
there on the projecting edge 13 in the example shown.
The result of this is that a high grade fragmentation
and formation of many individual sub projectiles 18
occur, which are deflected laterally up and down as a
result of the angled surfaces 16. They move into the
open spaces of defined form between the individual
profile rods 4, 5 and impinge there either on the quasi
inner surfaces 16 of the profile rods 4 of the first
row 2 or on edges or surfaces 17 of the profile rods 5
of the second row 3. There are also inevitably
collisions and consequently an impulse decrease or
rather a destruction of energy, so that the sub
projectiles 18 experience an extremely large reduction
of their penetration power, on the one hand because of
the fragmentation and on the other hand because of said
deceleration and destruction of energy. The few sub
projectiles 18 that penetrate as far as the basic
armour 12 are decelerated such that they cause no
damage there.
Whereas no bulge plates 11 are shown in the upper part
of Figure 4, two bulge plates 11 are shown in the lower
part of Figure 4 by way of example. These act as
further impact or deflection surfaces for the sub
projectiles 18. This means that the sub projectiles 18
are also decelerated on said bulge plates 11, which are
deformed by the impact of the sub projectiles 18, and
energy is lost there.
Whereas Figure 4 shows by way of example the impact of
an EFD projectile, which is effectively destroyed and
hence can be reduced in its penetration power, the
arrangement according to the invention is also
effective against hollow charges or against KE
ammunition. The integration of the bulge plates is
especially advantageous against hollow charges. In
combination with the tilted profile rods 4, 5, it is
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also possible at the same time to destroy the leading
spike of the hollow charge. The protection function is
also similar in relation to KE ammunition; the effect
against said thin, long projectiles is also based on an
asymmetrical cross-sectional loading. This is because
the approaching long projectile experiences high shear
forces and flexing forces on impact, which break up the
projectile so that here too fragmentation occurs.
Figure 5 shows in a representation of principle an
exemplary embodiment of a motor vehicle 19 according to
the invention, which is only represented in partial
form here. The lateral basic armour 20 (corresponding
to the basic armour 12 of Figure 4) is shown with a
track mechanism 21 disposed in front thereof. The
Illustrated arrangement 1 according to the invention is
shown disposed in front of the basic armour and above
the track mechanism 21. The arrangement 1 is
implemented as illustrated in Figure 3, i.e. consisting
of two rows 2, 3 of profile rods 4, 5, which are
disposed in vertical rows running parallel one above
the other at a distance apart in the respective rows 2,
3, wherein the rows 2, 3 are positioned so as to be
offset. Likewise, the bulge plates 11 are provided
here, being disposed between the profile rods 4 or 5
respectively and extending as far as the vicinity of
the respective other row.
The arrangement 1
shown in Figure 5 can be a
prefabricated arrangement in the sense of Figures 1 to
3, with which the profile rods 4, 5 and possibly the
bulge plates 11 are fixedly joined to the mountings 7,
so that the entire arrangement 1 can be attached to the
vehicle as a one-piece component. For the protection of
a complete side of the vehicle, that is e.g. one side
of the tank, e.g. three or four such arrangements 1 are
to be positioned adjacent to each other. If the height
of the vehicle changes, i.e. the height of the vehicle
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decreases towards the front, it is conceivable to form
such a prefabricated arrangement according to said
geometry.
It is also conceivable in principle, however, to
virtually install the arrangement 1 initially on the
motor vehicle itself, that is e.g. in the tank. Such an
example is shown in Figure 6. Figure 6 shows a motor
vehicle 19 according to the invention, with which an
arrangement 1 according to the invention is already
shown on one side of the vehicle, extending over a part
of the side of the vehicle. In the forward lateral
region no arrangement is shown, rather there are only
several mountings 22 shown either reversibly mounted or
fixedly disposed on the vehicle, whose function
ultimately corresponds to that of the mountings 7, with
the difference that the profile rods 4, 5 and possibly
the bulge plates 11 are not fixedly and irreversibly
mounted thereon.
The mountings 22 also comprise suitable apertures 23,
24, which are used to receive the profile rods 4, 5 and
which of course are formed in a serial manner according
to the geometric arrangement or rather orientation of
the profile rods 4, 5 and with the row offset according
to the invention. The profile rods 4, 5 are now
inserted into said mountings as required and are fixed
by means of suitable mounting means (e.g. journals,
locking pins, clamps etc.), as carried out with the
already installed arrangement 1. If all profile rods 4,
5 and possibly the bulge plates 11 are in place, the
arrangement 1 is installed and the side of the vehicle
is protected.
Although suitable mountings 22 are only shown on the
side of the vehicle 19 here, it is of course
conceivable to provide corresponding mountings also in
the frontal region of the vehicle and in the rear
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region of the vehicle, so that there is also the option
of attaching corresponding profile rods 4, 5 there.
The mountings 22 shown are only of an exemplary nature.
Of course, the specific geometry or design of such a
mounting can be different. It only has to be capable of
securely holding the corresponding profile rods 4, 5
and possibly the bulge plates 11 in the spatial
arrangement provided according to the invention, so
that the corresponding rows of profile rods can be
formed with the row offset according to the invention.
Also in principle the attachment of an arrangement or
rather the positioning of mountings on the vehicle is
not limited to the two sides and the front and rear
portions. Rather an arrangement on suitable top or roof
surfaces is also conceivable, in order to provide
effective protection against approaching projectiles
from above.
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Reference Character List
1 arrangement 1 according to the invention
2 ,row of profile rods 4
3 row of profile rods 5
4 profile rods
profile rods
6 front of the arrangement 1
7 mounting
8 aperture
9 aperture
attachment elements
11 bulge plates
12 basic armour
13 edge of profile rod
14 edge of profile rod
approaching projectile
16 rod surface
17 rod surface
18 sub projectiles
19 motor vehicle
lateral basic armour
21 track mechanism
22 mounting
23 aperture
24 apertures
distance between rear plane of arrangement 1
and basic armour 12
