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COSMETIC COMPOSITION AND CONDITIONING AGENT
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition having an extremely
effect of
heightening hair-conditioning effects, and to a conditioning agent comprising
said cosmetic
composition.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In recent years, consumers have been showing increased concern for damage to
the hair,
as shown by the vigorous market for damaged hair care products such as high-
end shampoos,
rinses, and outbath treatments. Rinses (conditioners) are used after washing
the hair with
shampoo in order to reduce damaged feel in hair (i.e., in order to improve
texture). If a damaged
feel still remains, there are treatments for use both in and outside the
bathroom that can be
utilized.
A damaged feel in hair manifests as coarse/rough feeling, hardness, or other
sensory
determiners caused by friction between individuals hairs or between the hair
and the hand. In
order to suppress this sort of damaged feel, rinses and treatments contain
cationic surfactants
such as stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride as ingredients (softening
ingredients) for reducing
friction and softening the hair.
Meanwhile, in order to reduce damaged feel in hair, modifications to
surfactant
structure, the inclusion of a silicone oil, the inclusion of resins, and the
like have been attempted.
In cases in which a resin is included, it has been shown (for example, see
patent document 1) that
a cosmetic containing, for example, a copolymer comprising a unit having an
anionic group and
a unit having a silicon atom or a resin compound having an anionic group and a
silicon atom
within the molecule thereof can impart body to the hair, as well as superior
conditioning effects
such as softness and sleekness. It has also been shown (for example, see
patent documents 2 and
3) that a cosmetic containing a resin compound comprising an anionic vinyl
monomer and a
nonionic vinyl monomer comprising a hydroxyl group will heighten conditioning
power.
PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS
[Patent Document 11 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
2004-018414
[Patent Document 21 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
2007-161986
[Patent Document 31 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
2007-137830
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In recent years, there has come to be a demand for conditioning effects even
greater
than those offered by the inventions disclosed in patent documents 1-3. In
particular, there is an
increased demand for selective restoration of highly damaged portion such as
hair tips, and
further improvements such as a 1 reduced coarse/rough feeling of hair after
drying and
smoothness of finger combing. Additionally, the ability to obtain high
treatment effects from
shampooing and conditioning, instead of using countless hair treatment
products, would also
enable the expenses borne by consumers to be reduced. Thus, there is an
increased demand for
improvements in such hair cosmetics.
Meanwhile, wash-out agents, such as rinses and treatments, must be rinsed off
after
being applied to the hair. However, investigation by the inventors has
discovered the problem
that many of the softening ingredients contained in such agents are washed
away during such
rinsing, leading to insufficient reduction in damaged feel.
An object of the present invention is to provide a cosmetic composition, a
hair cosmetic,
and a conditioning agent that solve the problem described above, do not
exhibit losses in
smoothness or other types of texture during use, and yield superior
conditioning effects such as
reduced coarse/rough feeling of hair after drying and smoothness of finger
combing.
None of the existing art provides all of the advantages and benefits of the
present
invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
As described above, the problem has been discovered that rinses must be rinsed
out
with water after being applied to the hair, leading to many of the softening
ingredients being
washed away during rinsing. As the result of diligent research on the part of
the inventors on the
premise that enabling large amounts of softening ingredients such as cationic
surfactants and
conditioning ingredients such as silicone oils to remain on the hair even
after rinsing would
promise an improvement in conditioning ability, it was discovered that a
copolymer comprising
a specific proportion of a constituent unit derived from a specific monomer
and having a specific
weight average molecular weight imparts high conditioning effects in terms of
reduced
coarse/rough feeling of hair after drying and smoothness of finger combing
without negatively
affecting sleekness and other aspects of texture during use.
The present invention is directed to the following (hereinafter referred to as
a "first
aspect of the present invention"):
A cosmetic composition comprising:
from 0.05 to 5 mass% of a copolymer (a);
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from 0.1 to 20 mass% of a cationic surfactant; and
from 0.1 to 20 mass% of a higher alcohol;
wherein the copolymer (a) includes a constituent unit derived from a monomer
(a) below and at
least one constituent unit derived from monomers (b) to (d) below;
wherein the copolymer (a) comprises from 1 to 99 mass% of the constituent unit
derived from
the monomer (a) below per a total mass of the copolymer (a), and from 50 to
100mass% of the
constituent unit derived from vinyl monomer (A) having a carboxyl group;
and wherein the copolymer (a) has a mass average molecular weight of from
3,000 to 400,000;
wherein the Monomer (a) is acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid;
wherein the Monomer (b) is one or two or more types of vinyl monomers
expressed by formulas
(1), (2), and (3) below:
CH2=C(R1)-00-(0-(CH2)m-00).-OH ...(1)
(in formula (1), Rl is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, "m" is an integer
from 1 to 4,
and "n" is an integer from 1 to 4);
CH2=C(R2)-000-(CH2)p-OCO-(CH2)q-COOH ...(2)
(in formula (2), R2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and "p" and "q" are
each
independently an integer from 2 to 6);
CH2=C(R3)-000-(CH2),-OCO-X-COOH ...(3)
(in formula (3), R3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, "e" is an integer
from 1 to 4,
and "X" is a cyclohexylene group optionally having a substituent or a
phenylene group
optionally having a substituent);
wherein the Monomer (c) is a vinyl monomer expressed by formula (4) below:
CH2=C(R4)-00-Y-(Z-0),-R5 ...(4)
(in formula (4), R4 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R5 is a hydrogen
atom or an
alkyl group having from 1 to 5 carbons, "Y" is an oxygen atom or NH, "Z" is an
alkylene group
having from 2 to 4 carbons and optionally having a substituent, and "r" is an
integer from 1 to
15); and
wherein the Monomer (d) is a vinyl monomer expressed by formula (5) below:
CH2=C(R6)-COO-R7 ...(5)
(in formula (5), R6 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R7 is a straight
chain or
branched alkyl group having from 12 to 22 carbons, a cyclohexyl group
optionally having a
substituent, or a phenyl group optionally having a substituent).
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The present invention is also directed to the following (hereinafter referred
to as a
"second aspect of the present invention"):
A cosmetic composition comprising:
from 0.05 to 5 mass% of a copolymer (3);
from 0.1 to 20 mass% of a cationic surfactant; and
from 0.1 to 20 mass% of a higher alcohol;
wherein the copolymer (p) includes a constituent unit derived from a monomer
(a) below and at
least one constituent unit derived from monomers (b) to (e) below;
wherein the copolymer (P) comprises from 50 to 100mass% of the constituent
unit derived from
vinyl monomer (A) having a carboxyl group per a total mass of the copolymer
(P), and wherein
from 50 to 100 mol% of the carboxyl groups are not neutralized;
and wherein the copolymer (P) has a mass average molecular weight of from
3,000 to 400,000;
wherein the Monomer (a) is acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid;
wherein the Monomer (b) is one or two or more types of vinyl monomers
expressed by formulas
(1), (2), and (3) below:
CH2=C(R1)-00-(0-(CH2)m-00).-OH ...(1)
(in formula (1), Rl is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, "m" is an integer
from 1 to 4,
and "n" is an integer from 1 to 4);
CH2=C(R2)-000-(CH2)p-OCO-(CH2)q-COOH ...(2)
(in formula (2), R2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and "p" and "q" are
each
independently an integer from 2 to 6);
CH2=C(R3)-000-(CH2),-OCO-X-COOH ...(3)
(in formula (3), R3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, "e" is an integer
from 1 to 4,
and "X" is a cyclohexylene group optionally having a substituent or a
phenylene group
optionally having a substituent);
wherein the Monomer (c): a vinyl monomer expressed by formula (4) below:
CH2=C(R4)-00-Y-(Z-0),-R5 ...(4)
(in formula (4), R4 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R5 is a hydrogen
atom or an
alkyl group having from 1 to 5 carbons, "Y" is an oxygen atom or NH, "Z" is an
alkylene group
having from 2 to 4 carbons and optionally having a substituent, and "r" is an
integer from 1 to
15);
wherein the Monomer (d): a vinyl monomer expressed by formula (5) below:
CH2=C(R6)-COO-R7 ...(5)
(in formula (5), R6 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R7 is a straight
chain or
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branched alkyl group having from 12 to 22 carbons, a cyclohexyl group
optionally having a
substituent, or a phenyl group optionally having a substituent), and
wherein the Monomer (e): a vinyl monomer expressed by formula (6) below:
CH2=C(R8)-CO-N(R9)Rlo ...(6)
5 (in formula (6), R8 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R9 and R1
are each
independently a hydrogen atom or a straight chain or branched alkyl group
having from 1 to 4
carbons).
The cosmetic composition according to the first aspect of the present
invention and the
cosmetic composition according to the second aspect of the present invention
may at times be
collectively referred to as the "cosmetic composition according to the present
invention".
The cosmetic composition according to the present invention has superior
conditioning
effects, such as smoothness during application, reduced coarse/rough feeling
of hair after drying,
and smoothness of finger combing. If a silicone oil is also used, the
adsorption of the silicone oil
can be increased, enabling even greater conditioning effects to be imparted.
In particular, a hair
cosmetic having superior conditions effects can be obtained, making the
cosmetic composition
especially useful as a conditioning agent.
These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention
will become
better understood from a reading of the following description, and appended
claims.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
While the specification concludes with claims particularly pointing out and
distinctly
claiming the invention, it is believed that the present invention will be
better understood from the
following description.
Herein, "comprising" means that other steps and other ingredients which do not
affect
the end result can be added. This term encompasses the terms "consisting of"
and "consisting
essentially of".
All percentages, parts and ratios are based upon the total weight of the
compositions of
the present invention, unless otherwise specified. All such weights as they
pertain to listed
ingredients are based on the active level and, therefore, do not include
carriers or by-products
that may be included in commercially available materials.
Herein, "mixtures" is meant to include a simple combination of materials and
any
compounds that may result from their combination.
Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, but the
following
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descriptions are of typical examples of embodiments of the present invention,
and the present
invention is in no way limited thereto. In the present specification, the
expression "(meth)acrylic
acid" encompasses both "acrylic acid" and "methacrylic acid". Furthermore, in
the present
specification, the expression "-" is used in a sense inclusive of the
preceding and following
numbers or physical values. Furthermore, in the present specification,
"smoothness during
application" refers to an evaluation given in the following working examples,
and such effect
will be considered inferior if the smoothness during application is worse than
that of a
"comparative standard product" even if reduced coarse/rough feeling of hair
after drying,
smoothness of finger combing, and cosmetic composition viscosity are superior.
[Copolymers (a) and (p)]
The copolymer (a) used in the cosmetic composition according to the first
aspect of the
present invention is a copolymer (a) having a constituent unit derived from a
vinyl monomer (A)
having a carboxyl group, the proportion of the constituent unit derived from
the vinyl monomer
(A) with respect to the total mass of the copolymer (a) being from 50 to 100
mass%; the
copolymer (a) comprising from 1 to 99 mass% of at least a constituent unit
derived from a
monomer (a) described below with respect to the total mass of the copolymer
(a) as the
constituent unit derived from the vinyl monomer (A), having a weight average
molecular weight
of from 3,000 to 400,000, and comprising at least one constituent unit derived
from monomers
(b) to (d) described below.
The copolymer (p) used in the cosmetic composition according to the second
aspect of
the present invention is a copolymer (p) including a constituent unit derived
from a monomer (a)
below and at least one constituent unit derived from monomers (b) to (e)
below; the copolymer
(p) comprising not less than 50 mass% and not more than 100 mass% of the
constituent unit
derived from the vinyl monomer (A) having a carboxyl group with respect to the
total mass of
the copolymer ([3), and having a mass average molecular weight of from 3,000
to 400,000; from
50 to 100 mol% of the carboxyl groups therein not being neutralized.
<Constituent unit derived from the vinyl monomer (A)>
The copolymer (a) and copolymer (p) used in the present invention each have a
constituent unit derived from the vinyl monomer (A) having a carboxyl group,
the proportion of
said constituent unit derived from the vinyl monomer (A) being from 50 to 100
mass% with
respect to the total masses of the copolymer (a) and the copolymer (p),
respectively.
The copolymer (a) and copolymer (p) used in the present invention must each
comprise
a specific proportion of the constituent unit derived from the vinyl monomer
(A) having a
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carboxyl group for the following reasons.
One of the problems to be solved by the present invention is to increase the
amount of
conditioning ingredients adsorbed to damaged hair, heightening conditioning
effects. The
copolymers used in the present invention are designed so as to enhance
interaction with the
cationic surfactant, and the following two points can be suggested as
important points of the
presumed mechanism thereof.
1) Interaction between the copolymer and a cationic surfactant: The
interaction
between the copolymer and the cationic surfactant is enhanced by the
polarization of the oxygen
in the -OH of the carboxyl group in the copolymer.
2) Interaction between hair and a composite of the copolymer and the cationic
surfactant: The interaction between the (anionic) hair surface and the
polarized hydrogen atoms
of the carboxyl group of the copolymer and the cationic group of the cationic
surfactant is
enhanced.
Investigation by the inventors revealed that having the proportion of the
constituent
unit derived from the vinyl monomer (A) be from 50 to 100 mass% of the total
masses of the
copolymer (a) and the copolymer ([3), respectively, enhances the effects of
the presumed
mechanism (the above 1) and 2)), yielding satisfactory conditioning effects in
terms of
smoothness during application, reduced coarse/rough feeling of hair after
drying, smoothness of
finer combing after drying, hair manageability after drying, and the like.
From considerations of
achieving balanced enhancement of these various conditioning effects, the
proportion of the
constituent unit derived from the vinyl monomer (A) to the total masses of the
copolymer (a) and
the copolymer ([3), respectively, is preferably at least 55 mass%, more
preferably greater than 60
mass%, still more preferably at least 65 mass%, and especially preferably at
least 70 mass%; and
preferably no more than 99 mass%, more preferably no more than 90 mass%.
As described above, in the copolymer (a) and copolymer (p) used in the present
invention, the technical significance of the constituent unit derived from the
vinyl monomer (A)
is that the constituent unit derived from the vinyl monomer (A) provides a
carboxyl group for
interacting with the hair surface and the cationic surfactant. Therefore,
there is no particular
limitation upon the type of constituent unit derived from the vinyl monomer
(A) apart from the
monomer (a) as long as it has a carboxyl group; specific examples include
crotonic acid, maleic
acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, angelic acid, tiglic acid, 2-(meth)acryoyl
oxyethyl succinate, 2-
carboxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2(2-carboxyethoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-
(meth)acryoyl oxyethyl
hexahydrophthalate, and terephthalate (meth)acrylate. Of these, (meth)acrylic
acid or an
unsaturated carboxylic monomer typified by the compounds represented in
formulas (1), (2), and
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(3) shown below is preferable. The unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer
preferably has from 3
to 22 carbons, more preferably 4 or more carbons; and preferably 20 or fewer
carbons, more
preferably 18 or fewer carbons, even more preferably 10 or fewer carbons, and
especially
preferably 6 or fewer carbons. Furthermore, the number of carboxyl groups in
the constituent
unit derived from the vinyl monomer (A) is preferably from 1 to 4, more
preferably from 1 to 3,
even more preferably from 1 to 2, and most preferably 1.
<Constituent unit derived from monomer (a)>
In the copolymer (a) and copolymer (p) used in the present invention, the
vinyl
monomer (A) comprises the following monomer (a) in order to enhance
interaction with the
cationic surfactant.
Monomer (a): acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid.
The monomer (a) has a large amount of carboxyl groups with respect to its
mass;
therefore, the fact that the copolymer (a) and the copolymer (p) used in the
present invention
each comprise a constituent unit derived from the monomer (a) allows
satisfactory conditioning
effects, which constitute the base of a conditioning polymer, to be obtained.
In addition,
including the monomer (a) and having the amount of carboxyl groups within the
copolymer be at
or above a constant amount allows conditioning effects to be obtained. The
monomer (a) is also
advantageous in that it is generally easily obtainable.
A composite formed with acrylic acid or a cationic surfactant is preferably
used as the
monomer (a) from considerations of even dissolution or dispersion within the
composition.
Meanwhile, methacrylic acid is preferable because it enables the copolymer (a)
and the
copolymer (Is) to be imparted with hydrophobic properties, and can further
contribute to reduced
coarse/rough feeling of hair after drying. The copolymer (a) and the copolymer
(p) used in the
present invention may each comprise acrylic acid alone as the monomer (a), or
may comprise
acrylic acid and methacrylic acid. Of these options, comprising acrylic acid
and methacrylic acid
is preferable. In such cases, the proportion acrylic acid to the total mass of
the monomer (a) is
preferably from 50 to 99 mass%.
The copolymer (a) used in the present invention comprises from 1 to 99 mass%
of the
constituent unit derived from the monomer (a) with respect to the total mass
of the copolymer (a).
Having the amount of the constituent unit derived from the monomer (a)
comprised by the
copolymer (a) be at least the lower limit described above is preferable
because such an amount
will enhance the effects obtained via the inclusion of the acrylic acid and/or
methacrylic acid,
and said amount is preferably at least 10 mass% with respect to the total mass
of the copolymer
(a), more preferably at least 30 mass%, still more preferably at least 50
mass%, especially
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preferably at least 60 mass%, and most preferably at least 65 mass%.
Meanwhile, having said
amount be no more than the upper limit described above is preferable because
the hydrophilic
monomer and/or hydrophobic monomer other than the monomer (a) will be
copolymerized,
thereby enhancing the affinity thereof with damaged hair, and texture after
drying can be
improved; and the amount of constituent unit derived from the monomer (a) is
preferably no
more than 95 mass%, more preferably no more than 90 mass%, and still more
preferably no
more than 80 mass%.
The copolymer (p) used in the present invention preferably comprises from 1 to
99
mass% of the constituent unit derived from the monomer (a) with respect to the
total mass of the
copolymer (p). Having the amount of the constituent unit derived from the
monomer (a)
comprised by the copolymer (p) be at least the lower limit described is
preferable because such
an amount will enhance the effects obtained via the inclusion of the acrylic
acid and/or
methacrylic acid, and said amount is more preferably at least 10 mass%, still
more preferably at
least 30 mass%, even more preferably at least 50 mass%, especially preferably
at least 60 mass%,
and most preferably at least 65 mass%. Meanwhile, having said amount be no
more than the
upper limit described above is preferable because the hydrophilic monomer
and/or hydrophobic
monomer other than the monomer (a) will be copolymerized, thereby enhancing
the affinity
thereof with damaged hair, and texture after drying can be improved; and the
amount of
constituent unit derived from the monomer (a) is more preferably no more than
95 mass%, still
more preferably no more than 90 mass%, and especially preferably no more than
80 mass%
<Constituent unit derived from monomer (b)>
From considerations of the fact that imparting the copolymer (a) and the
copolymer
(p) with hydrophilic properties allows the affinity thereof to damaged hair to
be increased, and
from considerations of the fact that imparting the copolymers with
hydrophobicity will allow for
improved texture after drying, the copolymer (a) and the copolymer (p) used in
the present
invention preferably comprise the following constituent unit derived from
monomer (b) as a
constituent unit derived from the vinyl monomer (A) along with the monomer
(a).
Monomer (b): one or two or more types of vinyl monomers expressed by formulas
(1),
(2), and (3) below:
CH2=C(R1)-00-(0-(CH2)m-00).-OH ...(1)
(in formula (1), Rl is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, "m" is an integer
from 1 to 4,
and "n" is an integer from 1 to 4);
CH2=C(R2)-000-(CH2)p-OCO-(CH2)q-COOH ...(2)
(in formula (2), R2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and "p" and "q" are
each
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independently an integer from 2 to 6); and
CH2=C(R3)-000-(CH2),-OCO-X-COOH ...(3)
(in formula (3), R3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, "e" is an integer
from 1 to 4,
and "X" is a cyclohexylene group optionally having a substituent or a
phenylene group
5 optionally having a substituent).
In formula (1), R' is preferably a hydrogen atom. m is preferably 2 or 3. n is
preferably
from 1 to 2, most preferably 1.
Specific examples of the vinyl monomer represented by formula (1) above
include 2-
carboxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2(2-carboxyethoxy)ethyl (meth)acrylate, and the
like.
10 In
formula (2), R2 is preferably a hydrogen atom. p is preferably 2 or 3, and q
is
preferably 2 or 3.
A specific example of the vinyl monomer represented by formula (2) is 2-
(meth)acryoyl oxyethyl succinate.
In formula (3), R3 is preferably a methyl group. e is preferably an integer
from 1 to 3,
most preferably 2. The substituent of the cyclohexylene group optionally
having a substituent or
the phenylene group optionally having a substituent represented by "X" is
preferably a straight-
chain or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbons, more preferably a
straight-chain or
branched alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbons. "X" is preferably a phenylene
group or
cyclohexylene group not having a substituent, most preferably a cyclohexylene
group.
Specific examples of the vinyl monomer represented by formula (3) include
(meth)acrylate ethyl terephthalate, (meth)acrylate propyl terephthalate,
2-(meth)acryoyl
oxyethyl hexahydrophthalate, and the like.
The compounds represented by formula (1) or (2) is preferable as a monomer (b)
for
imparting hydrophilic properties. Using a monomer (b) having these hydrophilic
groups allows
the copolymer to adsorb more easily to damaged hair, yielding a smoothness of
finger combing.
The compound represented by formula (3) is preferable as a monomer (b) for
imparting
hydrophobic properties. Using a monomer (b) having this hydrophobic group
allows the effects
of improving the texture of the hair itself to which the copolymer is adsorbed
and reducing hair
coarse/rough feeling to be obtained.
One type of constituent unit derived from monomer (b) may be used in isolation
in the
copolymer (a) and copolymer (p) used in the present invention, or two or more
may be used in
combination; or one of the compounds shown in formulas (1), (2), and (3) may
additionally be
used.
The amount of the constituent unit derived from monomer (b) comprised by the
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copolymer (a) and copolymer (p) used in the present invention, respectively,
is preferably from 1
to 99 mass%. Having said amount be at least the lower limit described above is
preferable
because the effects described above will be enhanced, said amount preferably
being at least 10
mass%, more preferably at least 20 mass%, especially preferably at least 30
mass%, and most
preferably at least 40 mass%. Meanwhile, from considerations of the fact that,
if said amount is
no more than the upper limit described above, the amount of carboxyl groups
with respect to the
unit mass will be increased by the constituent unit derived from the monomer
(a), said amount is
preferably no more than 90 mass%, more preferably no more than 80 mass%, and
still more
preferably no more than 60 mass%.
<Constituent unit derived from monomer (c)>
The copolymer (a) and copolymer (p) used in the present invention preferably
comprise the constituent unit derived from monomer (c) shown in formula (4)
below, as this will
allow a suitable degree of hydrophilic properties to be imparted to the
copolymer (a). Having a
suitable amount of hydrophilic properties allows for affinity to damaged hair
to be increased
without negatively affecting smoothing during use and other aspect of texture,
and lets the
composition adsorb more easily to damaged hair. This allows for a smoothness
of finger
combing to be obtained.
CH2=C(R4)-00-Y-(Z-0),-R5 ...(4)
(in formula (4), R4 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R5 is a hydrogen
atom or an
alkyl group having from 1 to 5 carbons, "Y" is an oxygen atom or NH, "Z" is an
alkylene group
having from 2 to 4 carbons and optionally having a substituent, and "r" is an
integer from 1 to
15); and
In formula (4), R4 is preferably a hydrogen atom. Because the monomer (c)
preferably
has a suitable level of hydrophilicity, R5 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an
alkyl group having
from 1 to 3 carbons, and more preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group
having from 1 or 2
carbons. "Y" preferably represents an oxygen atom. "r" is preferably at least
2, and preferably no
more than 10, more preferably no more than 6, and still more preferably no
more than 3.
If the alkylene group represented by "Z" in formula (4) has a substituent,
such
substituent is one that is not reactive with the other parts of the copolymer
(a) and copolymer (p)
used in the present invention. If the volume occupied by said substituent is
too great, the volume
occupied by the substituent with respect to the structural portion Y-(Z-0),-R5
of the monomer (c),
thereby weakening the interaction between the carboxyl group of the vinyl
monomer (A) and the
cationic surfactant and potentially reducing the level of conditioning
ingredient adsorption.
Therefore, the substituent preferably has a molecular weight of no more than
50, with specific
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examples including a hydroxyl group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an
alkyl group, a
hydroxyalkyl group, a methoxyalkyl group, an ethoxyalkyl group, or the like.
The substituent of
the alkylene group represented by "Z" preferably has a lower molecular weight
than the
structural portion -(Z-0),-. However, "Z" more preferably does not have a
substituent. "Z" is
preferably an alkylene group having 2 or 3 carbons, most preferably an
ethylene group having 2
carbons.
Examples of the monomer (c) represented by formula (4) include methoxy
polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate (the number of polyethylene glycol
repetitions ("r" in
formula (4)) being from 2 to 15), polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate (the
number of
polyethylene glycol repetitions ("r" in formula (4)) being from 2 to 15),
methoxy polyethylene
glycol/polypropylene glycol (meth)acrylate (the number of polyethylene
glycol/polypropylene
glycol repetitions ("r" in formula (4)) being from 2 to 15), polyethylene
glycol/polypropylene
glycol (meth)acrylate (the number of polyethylene glycol/polypropylene glycol
repetitions ('e in
formula (4)) being from 2 to 15), methoxy polyethylene glycol/polybutylene
glycol
(meth)acrylate (the number of polyethylene glycol/polybutylene glycol
repetitions ("r" in
formula (4)) being from 2 to 15), polyethylene glycol/polybutylene
glycol(meth)acrylate (the
number of polyethylene glycol/polybutylene glycol repetitions ("r" in formula
(4)) being from 2
to 15), methoxy polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylamide (the number of
polyethylene glycol
repetitions ("r" in formula (4)) being from 2 to 15), polyethylene glycol
(meth)acrylamide (the
number of polyethylene glycol repetitions ("r" in formula (4)) being from 2 to
15), 2-
hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl(meth)acrylate, 2,3-
dihydroxypropyl(meth)acrylate,
and 2-hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylamide; preferably methoxy polyethylene glycol
(meth)acrylate
(the number of polyethylene glycol repetitions ("r" in formula (4)) being from
2 to 10),
polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate (the number of polyethylene glycol
repetitions ("r" in
formula (4)) being from 2 to 10), methoxy polyethylene glycol /polypropylene
glycol
(meth)acrylate (the number of polyethylene glycol/polypropylene glycol
repetitions ("r" in
formula (4)) being from 2 to 10), polyethylene glycol/polypropylene glycol
(meth)acrylate (the
number of polyethylene glycol/polypropylene glycol repetitions ("r" in formula
(4)) being from 2
to 10), methoxy polyethylene glycol/polybutylene glycol(meth)acrylate (the
number of
polyethylene glycol/polybutylene glycol repetitions ("r" in formula (4)) being
from 2 to 10),
polyethylene glycol/polybutylene glycol(meth)acrylate (the number of
polyethylene
glycol/polybutylene glycol repetitions ("r" in formula (4)) being from 2 to
10), 2-
hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylate, 3-
hydroxypropyl(meth)acrylate, 2,3-
dihydroxypropyl(meth)acrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylamide; and more
preferably
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13
methoxy polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate (the number of polyethylene glycol
repetitions ("r"
in formula (4)) being from 2 to 10) and polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate
(the number of
polyethylene glycol repetitions ("r" in formula (4)) being from 2 to 10).
One type of constituent unit derived from monomer (c) may be used in isolation
in the
copolymer (a) and copolymer (p) used in the present invention, or two or more
types may be
used in combination.
The proportion of constituent unit derived from monomer (c) in the copolymer
(a) and
copolymer (p) used in the present invention is preferably from 1 to 50 mass%
with respect to the
total masses of the copolymer (a) and the copolymer ([3). Having the
proportion of constituent
unit derived from monomer (c) be at least 1 mass% allows sufficient
conditioning ingredient
adsorption to be obtained due to the increased affinity to damaged hair, and
having said
proportion be no more than 50 mass% ensures the proportion of the constituent
unit derived from
the vinyl monomer (A) in the copolymer (a) and the copolymer ([3), allowing
conditioning
ingredient adsorption to be increased. From considerations of enhancing these
effects, the
proportion of the constituent unit derived from monomer (c) in each copolymer
(a) is more
preferably at least 3 mass%, still more preferably at least 5 mass%, and
especially more
preferably at least 10 mass%; and more preferably no more than 40 mass%,
especially preferably
no more than 30 mass%.
<Constituent unit derived from monomer (d)>
The hydrophobic properties of the copolymer (a) and the copolymer (p) can be
increased by having the copolymer (a) and copolymer (I3) used in the present
invention comprise
the monomer (d) shown in formula (5) below as a constituent unit. In
particular, the use of a
monomer having a chain-shaped alkyl group as a hydrophobic group (i.e.,
wherein R7 in formula
(5) is "a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having from 12 to 22
carbons") will allow the
effect of achieving a rinse viscosity within a suitable range to be obtained.
The use of a monomer
having a ring structure as a hydrophobic group (i.e., wherein R7 in formula
(5) is a "cyclohexyl
group optionally having a substituent or a phenyl group optionally having a
substituent") will
allow the effect of good texture when the copolymer is adsorbed to the hair to
be obtained.
CH2=C(R6)-COO-R7 ...(5)
(in formula (5), R6 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R7 is a straight
chain or
branched alkyl group having from 12 to 22 carbons, a cyclohexyl group
optionally having a
substituent, or a phenyl group optionally having a substituent).
In formula (5), R6 preferably represents a methyl group. R7 is a straight-
chain or
branched alkyl group preferably having from 12 to 20 carbons, more preferably
from 16 to 18
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14
carbons; a cyclohexyl group optionally having a substituent; or a phenyl group
optionally having
a substituent. If the cyclohexyl group or phenyl group represented by R7 has a
substituent, the
substituent is preferably a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having from
1 to 4 carbons,
more preferably a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 3
carbons. R7 is
preferably a cyclohexyl group or a phenyl group not having a substituent, and
is most preferably
a cyclohexyl group.
One type of constituent unit derived from monomer (d) may be used in isolation
in the
copolymer (a) and copolymer (p) used in the present invention, or two or more
types may be
used in combination.
Examples of the (meth)acrylate monomer having an alkyl group having from 12 to
22
carbons represented by R7 in the formula (5) for monomer (d) above include
myristyl
(meth)acrylate, isostearyl (meth)acrylate, stearyl (meth)acrylate, behenyl
(meth)acrylate, cetyl
(meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate, synthetic lauryl (meth)acrylate,
("synthetic lauryl
(meth)acrylate" referring to an alkyl (meth)acrylate having an alkyl group
with 12 carbon atoms
and an alkyl group with 13 carbon atoms), and the like. Of these,
(meth)acrylate monomers
having an alkyl group with from 12 to 20 carbons are preferable as R7, and
(meth)acrylate
monomers having an alkyl group with from 16 to 18 carbons are more preferable.
Examples of
(meth)acrylate monomers in which R7 is a cyclohexyl group optionally having a
substituent or a
phenyl group optionally having a substituent include cyclohexyl
(meth)acrylate, phenyl
(meth)acrylate, and the like.
The proportion of constituent unit derived from monomer (d) in the copolymer
(a) and
copolymer (p) used in the present invention is preferably from 1 to 50 mass%
with respect to the
total masses of the copolymer (a) and the copolymer ([3). Having the
proportion of constituent
unit derived from monomer (d) be at least 1 mass% allows effects of achieving
a rinse viscosity
within a sufficient range and satisfactory texture when the copolymer is
adsorbed to the hair to
be obtained, and having said proportion be no more than 50 mass% ensures the
proportion of the
constituent unit derived from the vinyl monomer (A) in the copolymer (a) and
the copolymer ([3),
allowing conditioning ingredient adsorption to be increased. From
considerations of enhancing
these effects, the proportion of the constituent unit derived from monomer (d)
in copolymer (a)
and copolymer (p) is more preferably at least 3 mass%, still more preferably
at least 5 mass%,
and especially more preferably at least 10 mass%; and more preferably no more
than 40 mass%,
especially preferably no more than 30 mass%.
<Constituent unit derived from monomer (e)>
The copolymer (a) used in the cosmetic composition according to the first
aspect of the
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present invention can also comprise the monomer (e) represented by formula (6)
below as a
constituent unit. The copolymer (p) used in the cosmetic composition according
to the second
aspect of the present invention preferably comprises the monomer (e)
represented by formula (6)
below as a constituent unit. The monomer (e) is capable of modifying the
hydrophilicity and
5
hydrophobicity of the copolymers (a) and (P), allowing for a smoothness of
finger combing after
drying to be obtained.
CH2=C(R8)-CO-N(R9)R
(in formula (6), R8 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R9 and R' are each
independently a hydrogen atom or a straight chain or branched alkyl group
having from 1 to 4
10 carbons).
In formula (6), R8 preferably represents a hydrogen atom. The sum of the
number of
carbons in R9 and Rm is preferably at least 2 and no more than 4. Examples of
the monomer (e)
include N,N-dimethyl (meth)acrylamide, N,N-diethyl (meth)acrylamide, and N-
isopropyl
(meth)acrylamide. Of these, monomers in which the sum of the number of carbons
in R9 and Rl
15 is 2 are preferable, with an example of such a monomer (e) being N,N-
dimethyl
(meth)acrylamide.
One type of constituent unit derived from monomer (e) may be used in isolation
in the
copolymer (a) and copolymer (p) used in the present invention, or two or more
types may be
used in combination.
From considerations of enhancing the aforementioned effects, the proportion of
constituent unit derived from monomer (e) in the copolymer (a) and copolymer
(Is) used in the
present invention is preferably at least 1 mass% with respect to the total
masses of the copolymer
(a) and the copolymer 0, more preferably at least 3 mass%, and still more
preferably 5 mass%.
Meanwhile, in order to ensure the proportion of constituent unit derived from
the vinyl monomer
(A) in the copolymer (a) and the copolymer (Is) and increase the adsorption of
the conditioning
ingredients, the proportion is preferably no more than 50 mass%, more
preferably no more than
mass%, still more preferably no more than 15 mass%, and especially preferably
no more than
10 mass %.
<Constituent units derived from other monomers>
30
Apart from the monomers (a), (b), (c), (d), and (e) described above, the
copolymer (a)
and copolymer (Is) used in the present invention may further comprise
structural units derived
from other vinyl monomers to the extent that the effects of the present
invention are not lost.
Examples of other vinyl monomers include nonionic monomers, amphoteric
monomers, semi-
polar monomers, cationic monomers, as well as monomers containing a
polysiloxane group.
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16
However, these other monomers do not include the aforementioned vinyl monomers
(a), (b), (c),
(d), and (e).
The amount of constituent units derived from other monomers comprised by the
copolymer (a) and copolymer (13) used in the present invention can be
determined, as appropriate,
within a range. For example, the amount can be appropriately determined within
a range such
that such that the affinity of the copolymer (a) and the copolymer (3) to the
skin and hair is not
hindered, or such that conditioning effects and the like are not hindered when
the composition is
used as a hair cosmetic; normally, the amount will be 40 mass% or less of the
total mass of the
copolymer, preferably 30 mass% or less, more preferably 20 mass% or less, and
even more
preferably 10 mass% or less.
However, because of the possibility that the formation of a complex with the
cationic
surfactant may be hindered if a cationic functional group is present in the
copolymer (a) and
copolymer (13) used in the present invention, the amount of cationic
functional groups in the
copolymer (a) and copolymer (13) used in the present invention is preferably
low; for example,
cationic functional groups preferably constitute no more than 10 mo10/0 of all
functional groups
in the copolymer, and an essential lack of cationic functional groups is more
preferable.
Examples of other monomers that can be comprised in the copolymer (a) and
copolymer (13) used in the present invention are listed below, but the
copolymer (a) and
copolymer (13) used in the present invention may also comprise constituent
units derived from
monomers other than those listed below. Furthermore, it is acceptable to have
only one type of
component unit derived from other monomers in the copolymer used in the
present invention, or
to have two or more types of component units derived from the same or
different types of other
monomers.
Examples of nonionic monomers include esters of an alcohol and (meth)acrylic
acid
having from 1 to 11 carbons, amides of an alkylamine and (meth)acrylic acid
having from 1 to
22 carbons, (meth)acryloyl morpholine, and the like.
Examples of ainphoteric monomers include (meth)acryl esters having a betaine
group,
(meth) acrylamides having a betaine group and the like.
Examples of semipolar monomers include (meth)acrylate esters having an amine
oxide
group, (meth)acrylamides having an amine oxide group, and the like.
Examples of cationic monomers include (meth)acrylate esters having a
quaternary
ammonium group, (meth)acrylamides having a quaternary ammonium group, and the
like.
Monomers containing a polysiloxane group are compounds that have a
polysiloxane
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structure and a structure capable of covalently bonding with the copolymer (a)
and the
copolymer (p). These component units have high affinity to the silicone oils
normally included in
cosmetic compositions, and are thought to act by bonding the silicone oil to
the other component
units in the copolymer (a) and the copolymer ([3), thus increasing the
adsorption the of silicone
oils to the skin and hair, particularly damaged hair. However, if a monomer
containing a
polysiloxane group is used as a copolymerization component, the amount of
constituent units
derived from a monomer containing a polysiloxane group comprised by the
copolymer (a) and
the copolymer (p) is no more than 40 mass%, preferably no more than 30 mass%,
and still more
preferably no more than 20 mass% so as not to impede the respective effects of
the copolymer
(a) and copolymer (p) used in the present invention.
A polysiloxane structure is a structure in which two or more repeating
structural units
expressed by the following formula (7) are linked.
_(siRi 1R12-0)- ...(7)
(in formula (7), R" and R12 each represent an independent alkyl group having
from 1 to
3 carbons, or a phenyl group)
Examples of structures capable of covalently bonding to the copolymer (a) and
the
copolymer (p) include structures having a vinyl structure, such as a
(meth)acrylate ester or
(meth)acrylamide, and capable of copolymerization with another monomer;
structures having a
functional group, such as a thiol, and capable of linking to the copolymer by
chain transfer
during polymerization; and structures having an isocyanate group, carboxylic
acid group,
hydroxyl group, amino group, or the like, and capable of reacting with and
bonding to the
functional groups of the copolymer; but the present invention is not limited
thereto.
A plurality of these linkable structures can be present in one monomer
containing a
polysiloxane group. In the copolymer (a) and the copolymer (p), the
polysiloxane structure can
link by a graft structure to the main chain; or, conversely, the polysiloxane
structure may be the
main chain, to which the other structure is linked by a graft structure; or
the polysiloxane
structure and the other structure can be linked in a straight chain via a
block structure.
The monomer containing a polysiloxane group is preferably expressed by the
following
formula (8).
CH2=C(R13)-Q_(sieR15-0)s-R16 ...(8)
(in formula (8), R13 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R" and R15
independently represent an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbons or a phenyl
group, R16
represents an alkyl group having from 1 to 8 carbons, Q represents a bivalent
linking group or a
direct bond, and s represents an integer from 2 to 200)
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18
s is more preferably 3 or higher, and even more preferably 5 or higher. As s
becomes
larger, the affinity to silicone oils increases. Additionally, s is more
preferably 50 or less. As s
becomes smaller, copolymerization ability with other monomers is enhanced.
Q represents a bivalent linking group or a direct bond, but a linking group
containing
one or a combination of two or more of the structures suggested below is
preferable. There is no
particular limitation upon the number of structures in the combination, but
the number will
normally be 5 or less. Furthermore, the direction of the following structures
are arbitrary (the
polysiloxane group side can be on either end). In the following formulas, R
represents an
alkylene group having from 1 to 6 carbons, or a phenylene group.
-C 00-R-
-C NH-R-
-0-R-
-R-
There is no particular limitation upon the monomer containing a polysiloxane
group
represented by the aforementioned formula (8) so long as it is encompassed by
the formula;
examples thereof include a-(vinyl phenyl) polydimethyl siloxane, a-(vinyl
benzyloxy propyl)
polydimethyl siloxane, a-(vinyl benzyl) polymethyl phenyl siloxane, a-
(methacryloyl oxypropyl)
polydimethyl siloxane, a-(methacryloyloxy propyl) polymethyl phenyl siloxane,
a-(methacryloyl
amino propyl) polydimethyl siloxane, and the like. One type of monomer
containing a
polysiloxane group can be used in isolation, or two or more types can be used
in combination.
The monomer containing a polysiloxane group can be a commercial product. For
example, a-(methacryloyloxy propyl) polydimethyl siloxane can be procured as
Silaplane
(Chisso Corporation); other examples include Silaplane FM0711 (molecular
weight 1,000),
Silaplane FM0721 (molecular weight 5,000), Silaplane FM0722 (molecular weight
10,000), and
the like.
A crosslinking agent such as a multifunctional acrylate can be incorporated in
the
copolymer (a) and copolymer (p) used in the present invention in order to
adjust the respective
molecular weights or viscosities of the copolymer (a) and the copolymer (p),
but it is preferably
not to include a crosslinking agent, as will be discussed below.
<Structural analysis>
The amount of constituent units derived from the vinyl monomers (a), (b), (c),
(d), and
(e) and other monomers comprised in the copolymer (a) and the copolymer (Is)
can be measured
using IR absorption or Raman scattering of carbonyl groups, amide bonds,
polysiloxane
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19
structures, various types of functional groups, carbon backbone, or the like;
11-1-NMR of methyl
groups or amide bond sites in the polydimethyl siloxane, as well as methyl
groups or methylene
groups adjacent thereto; or various types of NMR typified by "C-NMR or the
like.
<Weight average molecular weight>
The weight average molecular weight of the copolymer (a) and copolymer (P)
used in
the present invention is from 3,000 to 400,000. Having the weighted average
molecular weight
of the copolymer (a) and copolymer (P) used in the present invention be 3,000
or higher further
enhances conditioning effects thanks to the adhesion of the complex with the
cationic surfactant
to the hair and skin. From considerations of further enhancing these effects,
the weight average
molecular weight of the copolymer (a) and copolymer (p) used in the present
invention is
preferably at leat 5,000, more preferably at least 10,000. Meanwhile, having
the weight average
molecular weight of the copolymer (a) and copolymer (P) used in the present
invention be no
more than 400,000 allows for further improvement of texture after drying. From
considerations
of further enhancing these effects, the weight average molecular weight of the
copolymer (a) and
copolymer (P) used in the present invention is preferably no more than
200,000, more preferably
no more than 100,000, still more preferably no more than 50,000, and most
preferably no more
than 30,000.
The molecular weight of the copolymer (a) and the copolymer (p) can be
adjusted by
controlling, for example, the degree of polymerization of the copolymers.
Furthermore, the
molecular weight can be controlled by increasing or decreasing the amount of
crosslinking agent,
such as polyfunctional acrylate or the like, that is added. However, if an
even slightly excessive
amount of crosslinking agent is added, molecular weight and viscosity will
rapidly increase,
leading to difficulties in control during industrial production. Therefore, it
is most preferable not
to add a cros slinking agent.
The weight average molecular weight of the copolymer (a) and the copolymer (P)
can
be measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). There is no particular
limitation upon
the developing solvent used in the gel permeation chromatography as long as it
is a generally
used solvent; for example, measurement can be performed using a
water/methanol/acetic
acid/sodium acetate blended solvent described below, using values taking
polyethylene glycol or
polystyrene as a reference substance.
<Viscosity>
20 mass% ethanol solutions of the copolymer (a) and copolymer (p) used in the
present
invention preferably have viscosities of at least 5 mPa= s and no more than
20,000 mPa= s at 25 C.
Viscosity is more preferably at least 10 mPa= s, even more preferably at least
15 mPa= s; and more
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preferably no more than 10,000 mPa= s, and even more preferably no more than
5,000 mPa= s. The
viscosities of ethanol solutions of the copolymers are preferably at least 5
mPa= s and no more
than 20,000 mPa= s from considerations of handling. Viscosity can be measured
using a B-type
viscometer or the like.
5 The copolymer (a) and copolymer (p) used in the present invention are
preferably
water soluble, and 30 mass% aqueous solutions thereof preferably have
viscosities of at least 5
mPa= s and no more than 20,000 mPa= s at 25 C. The viscosity is more
preferably at least 10
mPa= s, even more preferably at least 15 mPa= s; and more preferably no more
than 10,000 mPa= s,
and even more preferably no more than 5,000 mPa= s. The viscosities of aqueous
solutions of the
10 copolymers are preferably at least 5 mPa= s and no more than 20,000 mPa=
s from considerations
of handling. Viscosity can be measured using a B-type viscometer or the like.
As in the case of weight average molecular weight, the viscosities of the
copolymer (a)
and the copolymer (P) can be adjusted by controlling, for example, the degree
of polymerization
of the copolymers, or by controlling by increasing or decreasing the amount of
crosslinking
15 agents, such as polyfunctional acrylate or the like, that is added.
<Method of producing the copolymer (a) and the copolymer 031>
The copolymer (a) and copolymer (p) used in the present invention can be
manufactured by blending monomers that provide the various component units or
precursors
thereof; copolymerizing by a method such as solution polymerization,
suspension polymerization,
20 emulsion polymerization, or the like; then adding polysiloxane
structures, performing a
condensation reaction, or the like as necessary..
Furthermore, the counter ions of the vinyl monomer (A) having a carboxyl group
can
be partially or completely replaced by a moiety other than a hydrogen ion by a
neutralization
reaction prior to polymerization, or partially replaced by a moiety other than
a hydrogen ion by a
neutralization reaction after polymerization and other reactions. These can be
performed by
appropriately selecting-based on the ease of synthesis.
The polymerization reaction is preferably performed in a hydrophilic solvent.
Examples of hydrophilic solvents include ketone-based solvents such as
acetone, methyl ethyl
ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and the like; alcohol-based solvents such as
methanol, ethanol,
n-propanol, i-propanol, n-butanol, i-butanol, sec-butanol, and the like;
water, and the like. These
solvents can be used individually, or two or more types can be used in
combination. Of these,
alcohol-based solvents are preferably used.
Non-limiting examples of employable polymerization initiators include azo
compounds
such as 2,2'-azobis isobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azo bis(2,4-dimethyl
valeronitrile), 2,2'-azo bis(4-
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methoxy-2,4-dimethyl valeronitrile), dimethy1-2,2'-azo bisisobutyrate, 2,2'-
azo bis(2-methyl
butyronitrile), 1,1'- azo bis (1- cyclohexane
carbonitrile), 2,2- azo bis(2-methyl-N-(2-
hydroxyethyl)-propionamide), 2,2'-azo bis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride,
and the like;
peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, di-t-butyl peroxide,
lauroyl peroxide and
the like; persulfates; and redox systems thereof. The amount of polymerization
initiator is
preferably in a range from 0.01 to 5 mass% with respect to the total amount of
monomer.
The polymerization reaction is normally performed for from 1 to 30 hours in an
inert
gas environment such as nitrogen, argon or the like, preferably at a
temperature of from 30 to
120 C, more preferably at from 40 to 100 C. After polymerization is complete,
the produced
copolymers can be segregated from the reaction solution by an appropriate
means, such as
distilling away the solvent or adding a poor solvent. This copolymer can be
used as-is or be
further refined, and used, for example, to produce a cosmetic material.
Refining can be
performed by, for example, reprecipitation, solvent washing, membrane
separation, or an
appropriate combination of such methods as necessary.
<Neutralizing the carboxyl groups>
Part of the total amount of carboxyl groups belonging to the copolymer (a)
used in the
present invention may be neutralized. Neutralizing the carboxyl groups
increases the ionicity
thereof, enhancing interaction with the cationic surfactant. On the other
hand, too high a level of
ionicity will break down the structure of the lamellar gel formed by the
water, the cationic
surfactant, and the higher alcohol, so it is preferable that only few carboxyl
groups be neutralized.
For the reasons given above, it is preferable that from 50 to 100 mol% of the
carboxyl
groups belonging to the copolymer (a) used in the cosmetic composition
according to the first
aspect of the present invention be added in an un-neutralized state. The
proportion of
unneutralized carboxyl groups is more preferably at least 60 mol%, still more
preferably at leat
80 mol%, and especially preferably at least 90 mol%. It is most preferable for
all of the carboxyl
groups to be added in an un-neutralized state.
Meanwhile, from 50 to 100 mol% of the carboxyl groups belonging to the
copolymer
(p) used in the cosmetic composition according to the second aspect of the
present invention are
added in an un-neutralized state. The proportion of un-neutralized carboxyl
groups in the
copolymer (p) is preferably at least 60 mol%, more preferably at least 80
mol%, and still more
preferably at least 90 mol%. It is most preferable for all of the carboxyl
groups to be added in an
un-neutralized state.
In the cosmetic compositions according to the first aspect and the second
aspect of the
present invention, if neutralization is not deliberately performed upon the
copolymer (a) or the
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copolymer (p) prior to being added, the carboxyl groups within the copolymers
will be
considered un-neutralized if the pH after the copolymers have been added is
6.9 or less, more
preferably 6.5 or less, even if alkaline ingredients are present among the
ingredients contained in
the cosmetic composition according to the first aspect of the present
invention.
Examples of neutralizing agents that can be used with the copolymer (a) and
the
copolymer (P) include alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and
potassium
hydroxide; alkali earth metal hydroxides such as calcium hydroxide and
magnesium hydroxide;
ammonia; and amines such as diethylamine, triethylamine, diethanolamine, and 2-
amino-2-
methyl propanol.
[Formulation of the cosmetic composition]
The cosmetic composition according to the first aspect of the present
invention
comprises from 0.05 to 5 mass% of the abovementioned copolymer (a) used in the
present
invention and from 55 to 99.6 mass% water, and is preferably prepared with a
cationic surfactant,
a higher alcohol, and a silicone oil further included in its formula. The
cosmetic composition
according to the second aspect of the present invention comprises from 0.05 to
5 mass% of the
abovementioned copolymer (p) used in the present invention and from 55 to 99.6
mass% water,
and is preferably prepared with a cationic surfactant, a higher alcohol, and a
silicone oil further
included in its formula. Unless otherwise specified, the following description
of the formulation
of the cosmetic composition pertains to both the cosmetic composition
according to the first
aspect and the cosmetic composition according to the second aspect of the
present invention.
The water, cationic surfactant, and higher alcohol or the like included as
necessary in
the cosmetic composition according to the present invention form what is
called a lamellar gel
structure when heated and mixed, allowing smoothness and a moisturized feel to
be imparted,
and superior conditioning effects can be obtained by adding the copolymer (a)
or copolymer (P)
used in the present invention thereto. Furthermore, a silky feel can be
imparted by adding a
silicone oil to the cosmetic composition of the present invention.
A "cosmetic composition using the present invention" refers to a composition
for any
cosmetic material used on the hair and skin, examples including a wide variety
of compositions
for various cosmetic materials such as shampoos, rinses, conditioners,
treatments, hair colorants,
permanent wave agents, out bath treatments, hair packs, hairsprays, hair
foams, styling agents,
body shampoos, makeup cleansers, hand soaps, emulsions, toilet waters,
lotions, creams, beauty
serums, sunscreens, foundations, lipsticks, mascaras, eyeshadows, depilation
agents, and the like.
All modes of use are encompassed, such as applying the product to the skin or
hair, working in,
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23
and washing (rinsing) out, or not rinsing out.
<Copolymer (a) and copolymer 031>
The inclusion of at least 0.05 mass%, with respect to the total amount of
cosmetic
composition, of the copolymer (a) or the copolymer (p) used in the present
invention within the
cosmetic composition according to the present invention increases adsorption
to the skin or hair,
and imparts conditioning effects such as smoothness during rinsing and a silky
feel after drying.
From considerations of heightening these effects, the cosmetic composition
according
to the first aspect of the present invention more preferably comprises at
least 0.1 mass%, still
more preferably at least 0.2 mass%, of the copolymer (a) used in the present
invention. However,
in order to eliminate coarse/rough feeling after drying and increase
moisturization, the amount of
the copolymer (a) used in the present invention included in the cosmetic
composition according
to the first aspect of the present invention is no more than 5 mass%,
preferably no more than 3
mass%. Similarly, the cosmetic composition according to the second aspect of
the present
invention more preferably comprises at least 0.1 mass% of the copolymer (p)
used in the present
invention, still more preferably at least 0.2 mass%. However, in order to
eliminate coarse/rough
feeling after drying and increase moisturization, the amount of the copolymer
(p) used in the
present invention included in the cosmetic composition according to the first
aspect of the
present invention is no more than 5 mass%, preferably no more than 3 mass%.
In the cosmetic composition according to the present invention, one type each
of the
copolymer (a) and copolymer (p) used in the present invention may be used, or
two or more
types thereof may be used.
<Solvent or dispersion medium>
The copolymer (a) and copolymer (p) used in the present invention may be
dissolved
or dispersed in a solvent or dispersion medium capable of being used with the
cosmetic
composition. Examples of solvents and dispersing media include water and lower
alcohols such
as ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, and the like, but the cosmetic composition
according to the
present invention at least contains water.
The water content of the cosmetic composition according to the present
invention is at
least 55 mass% with respect to the total mass of the cosmetic composition
according to the
present invention. Including at least 55 mass% water keeps viscosity from
becoming too great
and allows the composition to be kept at a manageable viscosity, improving the
feel of the
product during application. The water content is more preferably at least 60
mass%. However,
the water content is preferably no more than 99.6 mass%.
A water content within the range described above allows the cosmetic
composition
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24
according to the present invention to exhibit a suitable degree of viscosity,
and improves
smoothness during application and adsorption to the skin or hair.
<Cationic surfactant>
The cosmetic composition according to the present invention preferably
comprises a
cationic surfactant.
There is no particular limitation upon the cationic surfactant included in the
cosmetic
composition according to the present invention; examples include alkyl
trimethyl ammonium
salts such as stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and lauryl trimethyl
ammonium chloride;
alkyl pyridinium salts such as cetylpyridinium chloride; dialkyl dimethyl
ammonium salts such
as distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride; poly(N,N'-dimethy1-3,5-methylene
piperidinium);
alkyl quaternary ammonium salts; alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium salts; alkyl
isoquinoline
salts; dialkyl morphonium salts; polyoxyethylene alkyl amines; alkyl amine
salts; polyamine
fatty acid derivatives; amyl alcohol fatty acid derivatives; benzalkonium
chloride; benzethonium
chloride; and the like.
Cationic surfactants may be used singly or in combinations of two or more.
These cationic surfactants are preferably comprised in an amount of no more
than 20
mass% with respect to the total mass of the cosmetic composition according to
the present
invention, more preferably no more than 10 mass%. Meanwhile, in order to
sufficiently impart
the effects of the cationic surfactant, the content thereof is preferably at
least 0.1 mass% with
respect to the total mass of the cosmetic composition, more preferably at
least 1 mass%.
<Higher alcohols>
The cosmetic composition according to the present invention preferably
comprises a
higher alcohol. In the context of this specification, "higher alcohol" refers
to an alcohol having
from 12 to 24, preferably a monovalent alcohol. Specific examples of higher
alcohols include
cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and the like.
Using a higher alcohol along with water and a cationic surfactant forms what
is called a
lamellar gel structure, which is capable of imparting the cosmetic composition
with smoothness
and moisturizing effects. For this reason, a higher alcohol is preferably used
along with water
and the cationic surfactant. Higher alcohols may be used singly or in
combinations of two types
or more, but, in order to keep the viscosity of the cosmetic composition at a
suitable level and
improve smoothness during application, the total higher alcohol content with
respect to the total
mass of the cosmetic composition is preferably no more than 20 mass%, more
preferably no
more than 10 mass%. Meanwhile, in order to sufficiently impart the effects of
the higher alcohol,
the content thereof is preferably at least 0.1 mass% with respect to the total
mass of the cosmetic
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composition, more preferably at least 1 mass%.
<Silicone oils>
The cosmetic composition according to the present invention preferably
comprises a
silicone oil. There is no particular limitation upon the type of silicone oil
used in the cosmetic
5 composition according to the present invention; examples include
polydimethyl siloxane,
polydimethyl siloxane alkylene oxide copolymer, amino-modified polydimethyl
siloxane,
polyether-modified polydimethyl siloxane, methylphenyl polysiloxane, epoxy-
modified
polydimethyl siloxane, fluorine-modified polydimethyl siloxane, alcohol-
modified polydimethyl
siloxane, alkyl-modified polydimethyl siloxane, alkoxy-modified polydimethyl
siloxane, cyclic
10 silicone, and the like. These silicone oils are disclosed in Unexamined
Japanese Patent
Application Publication 2000-336018.
Examples of commercially available polydimethyl siloxanes include "KF-96H-
1,000,000" (available from Shin-etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.); "5H200", "BY11-007",
and "BY22-
029" (all available from Dow Corning Toray Silicone Co., Ltd.); "T5F451"
(available from
15 Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd.); and "L-45" (available from Nippon Unicar
Co., Ltd.).
An example of a commercially available polydimethyl siloxane alkylene oxide
copolymer is "F-178-21" (available from Nippon Unicar Co., Ltd.).
Examples of amino-modified polydimethyl siloxanes include those having an
amino
alkyl group such as an aminoethyl group, an aminopropyl group, or the like;
and amino groups to
20 which a propylene glycol has been added (amino glycol-modified). Siloxanes
having a
substituent such as an alkyl group or a hydroxyl group are also acceptable. An
alkyl group is
preferably a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 12
carbons.
These amino-modified polydimethyl siloxanes can be obtained by copolymerizing
a
dimethyl siloxane and a siloxane having the aforementioned aminoalkyl group,
or by subsequent
25 modification of a polydimethyl siloxane by the compound having the
aforementioned aminoalkyl
group to introduce an aminoalkyl group into the skeleton of the polydimethyl
siloxane. Examples
of commercially available amino-modified polydimethyl siloxanes include "US AR
SILICONE
ALE56" (available from Union Carbide); "ABIL9905" (available from
Goldschmidt); "KF857",
"KF867"and "KF865" (all available from Shin-etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.);
"5M8702C" and
"JP8500" (available from Dow Coming Toray Silicone Co., Ltd.); "FZ-3707"
(Nippon Unicar
Co., Ltd.); and the like.
Examples of polyether-modified polydimethyl siloxanes include those having a
monomeric skeletion such as oxyethylene, oxypropylene, oxybutylene,
oxypentamethylene,
oxyhexamethylene, or oxy(2,2-dimethyl)propylene; those having a single
copolymer frame such
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26
as polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene, polyoxybutylene, polyoxypentamethylene,
or
polyoxyhexamethylene; or those having an oxyalkylene group with a copolymer
skeleton such as
poly(oxyethylene oxypropylene) copolymer. These may have a substituent such as
a hydroxyl
group or an alkyl group. An alkyl group is preferably a straight-chain or
branched alkyl group
having from 1 to 12 carbons. A polyether-modified polydimethyl siloxane having
an oxyalkylene
group in the copolymer skeleton is especially preferable.
Methods of producing such modified polydimethyl siloxanes having oxyalkylene
groups include copolymerizing a dimethyl siloxane and a siloxane having an
oxyalkylene group;
or subsequently modifying a polydimethyl siloxane with a compound having the
aforementioned
oxyalkylene group to introduce an oxyalkylene group into the polydimethyl
siloxane skeleton.
A most preferable polyether-modified polydimethyl siloxane is one obtained by
copolymerizing a dimethyl siloxane and a siloxane having an oxyalkylene group
in the
copolymer skeleton.
Examples of commercially available polyether-modified polydimethyl siloxanes
include "KF945A", "KF351A", and "KF354A"(all available from Shin-etsu Chemical
Co., Ltd.);
"SH3771C" and "SH3749" (available from Dow Coming Toray Silicone Co., Ltd.);
"L-7602C"
and "L-720" (available from Nippon Unicar Co., Ltd.); and "SF1066" (available
from GE).
Examples of commercially available methylphenyl polysiloxanes include "KF56"
(available from Shin-etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), "SH5" (available from Shin-etsu
Chemical Co.,
Ltd.), "PS922" (available from Chisso Corp.) and "L-930" (available from
Nippon Unicar Co.,
Ltd.).
Examples of commercially available fluorine-modified polydimethyl siloxanes
include
"X-22-820" (Shin-etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) and "PS182" (available from Chisso
Corp.).
Examples of commercially available alcohol-modified polydimethyl siloxanes
include
"KF851" (Shin-etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.); "FM4411" (Chisso Corp.); and "FZ-3722"
and "F-235-
21" (available from Nippon Unicar Co., Ltd.).
Examples of commercially available alkyl-modified polydimethyl siloxanes
include
"KF410" and "KF-413" (available from Shin-etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.); and
"PS130" and
"PS137" (available from Chisso Corp.).
Examples of alkoxy-modified polydimethyl siloxanes include "PS912" (available
from
Chisso Corp.) and "FZ-3701" (available from Nippon Unicar Co., Ltd.).
Examples of cyclic silicones include "5H244", "5H245", and "5H246" (available
from
Dow Corning Toray Silicone Co., Ltd.).
One type of silicone oil may be used in isolation, or two or more types may be
used in
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27
combination. Because excessive amounts of silicone oil will lead to a heavy
texture after
application to the hair and drying, the amount of silicone oil is preferably
no more than a total of
mass% with respect to the total mass of the cosmetic composition, more
preferably no more
than 8 mass%. Meanwhile, in order to sufficiently impart the effects of the
silicone oil, the
5 content thereof is preferably at least 0.1 mass% with respect to the
total mass of the cosmetic
composition, more preferably at least 1 mass%.
Meanwhile, the silicone oil contents of the cosmetic composition according to
the first
aspect of the present invention and the cosmetic composition according to the
second aspect of
the present invention are preferably less than 0.1 mass%. A silicone oil
content of less than 0.1
10 mass% allows a cosmetic composition having a superior smoothness of
finger combing after
drying to be obtained. From this perspective, it is preferable not to include
any silicone oil.
<Other ingredient>
Along with the copolymer (a) or copolymer ([3), water, cationic surfactant,
higher
alcohol, and silicone oil used in the present invention, hydrocarbon oils,
moisturizing agents
(water-soluble polymers); cationic polymers, anionic polymers, nonionic
polymers, amphoteric
polymers, and other polymers; various surfactants apart from the cationic
surfactant; pH
adjusting agents; preservatives; thickening agents; and the like can also be
used in combination,
as appropriate, to the extent that the effects of the cosmetic composition
according to the present
invention.
Examples of hydrocarbon oils include liquid paraffins such as isoparaffin,
solid
paraffin, petrolatum, ceresin, microcrystalline wax, and the like. These
hydrocarbon oils may be
used singly or in combinations of two types or more, but preferably constitute
no more than 5
mass% total with respect to the total mass of the cosmetic composition. One
type of these
hydrocarbon oils may be used alone, or a desired combination of a plurality of
types at a desired
ratio may be used.
Examples of moisturizing agents include glycerin, dipropyleneglycol, 1,3-
butanediol,
erythritol, and other polyhydroxy alcohols; and methylcellulose, hyaluronic
acid, and other
water-soluble polymers. Examples of cationic polymers include cation-modified
cellulose ether
derivatives, cation-modified galactomannan polysaccharides, polydimethyl
diallyl ammonium
halides, copolymers of dimethyl diallyl ammonium halides and acrylamides, and
the like.
Examples of anionic polymers and nonionic polymers include acrylic acid
derivatives
(hydroxyethyl acrylate/methoxyethyl acrylate copolymers, polyacrylamides,
etc.),
vinylpyrrolidone derivatives (polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl
acetate copolymers,
etc.); and examples of amphoteric polymers include dimethyl diallyl ammonium
derivatives
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28
(acrylamide/acrylic acid/dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride copolymers,
acrylic acid/dimethyl
diallyl ammonium chloride copolymers, etc.). The cationic polymers, anionic
polymers, nonionic
polymers, and amphoteric polymers listed above are assumed not to be comprised
in the
copolymers used in the present invention. The abovementioned moisturizing
agents can be used
singly or in desired combinations of a plurality of types at desired ratios,
but preferably
constitute no more than 5 mass% total with respect to the total mass of the
cosmetic composition.
Examples of surfactants other than cationic surfactants include anionic
surfactants,
hydrophilic nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, semipolar
surfactants, and the like.
Specific examples of surfactants other than cationic surfactants are given
below, but, if used,
these should preferably constitute no more than 5 mass% total with respect to
the total mass of
the cosmetic composition.
Examples of anionic surfactants include those generally used in typical
cosmetic
compositions, such as a-olefin sulfonates, higher alcohol sulfuric acid ester
salts,
polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfuric acid ester salts, paraffin sulfonates,
polyoxyethylene alkyl
ether carboxylic acid ester salts, alkyl sulfosuccinates, N-acyl-P-alanine
salts, N-acyl glutamates,
acyl methyl taurines, and the like. Examples of counterions for these anionic
surfactant include
sodium, potassium, ammonium, triethanolamine, diethanolamine, and the like.
One type of these
anionic surfactants may be used alone, or a desired combination of a plurality
of types at a
desired ratio may be used.
Examples of hydrophilic nonionic surfactants include polyoxyethylene
(hereafter,
"POE") sorbitan fatty esters (for example, POE sorbitan monooleates, POE
sorbitan
monostearates, POE sorbitan monooleates, POE sorbitan tetraoleates, etc.); POE
sorbitol fatty
esters (for example, POE sorbitol monolaurates, POE sorbitol monooleates, POE
sorbitol
pentaoleates, POE sorbitol monostearates, etc.); POE glycerin fatty esters
(for example, POE
glycerin monostearates, POE glycerin monoisostearates, POE glycerin
triisostearates, etc.); POE
fatty esters (for example, POE distearates, POE monodioleates, ethylene glycol
distearate, etc.);
POE alkyl ethers (for example, POE lauryl ethers, POE oleyl ethers, POE
stearyl ethers, POE
behenyl ethers, POE 2-octyl dodedeycl ethers, POE cholestanol ethers, etc.);
pluronics (for
example, Pluronic, etc.); POE/polyoxypropylene (hereafter, "POP") alkyl ethers
(for example
POE. POP cetyl ethers, POE. POP-2-decyl tetradecyl ethers, POE. POP monobutyl
ethers,
POE. POP hydrogenated lanolin, POE. POP glycerin ethers, etc.); tetraPOE=
tetraPOP ethylene
diamine condensates (for example, Tetronics, etc.); POE castor
oil/hydrogenated castor oil
derivatives (for example, POE castor oil, POE hydrogenated castor oil, POE
hydrogenated castor
oil monoisostearate, POE hydrogenated castor oil triisostearate, POE
hydrogenated castor oil
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monopyroglutamate monoisostearate diesters, POE hydrogenated castor oil
maleate, etc.); POE
beeswax/lanolin derivatives (for example, POE sorbitol beeswax, etc.);
alkanolamides (for
example, palm oil fatty acid diethanolamides, monoethanol amide laurate, fatty
acid
isopropanolamides, etc.); POE propyleneglycol fatty esters; POE alkylamines;
POE fatty amides;
sucrose fatty esters; alkyl ethoxydimethylamine oxides; and trioleyl
phosphate. One type of these
hydrophilic nonionic surfactants may be used alone, or a desired combination
of a plurality of
types at a desired ratio may be used.
Examples of amphoteric surfactants include 2-undecyl-N,N,N-(hydroxyethyl
carboxymethy0-2-imidazoline sodium,
2-cocoy1-2-imidazolinium hydroxide- 1-c arboxy
ethyloxy-2nitrate, and other imidazoline-based amphoteric surfactants; and 2-
heptadecyl-N-
carboxymethyl-N-hydroxyethyl imidazolinium betaine, betaine lauryl
dimethylaminoacetate,
alkyl betaine, amido betaine, sulfobetaine, and other betaine-based
surfactants. One type of these
amphoteric surfactants may be used alone, or a desired combination of a
plurality of types at a
desired ratio may be used.
Examples of semipolar surfactants include lauramine oxides (lauryl
dimethylamine
oxides), and can be preferably used. One type of these semipolar surfactants
may be used alone,
or a desired combination of a plurality of types at a desired ratio may be
used.
Such surfactants are generally commercially available, and can be used as-is.
Examples of pH adjusting agents include citric acid and tartaric acid. If a pH
adjusting
agent is used, the amount thereof preferably constitutes no more than 0.1
mass% with respect to
the total mass of the cosmetic composition. One type of these pH adjusting
agents may be used
alone, or a desired combination of a plurality of types at a desired ratio may
be used.
An example of a preservative is sodium benzoate. If a preservative is used,
the amount
thereof preferably constitutes no more than 0.1 mass% with respect to the
total mass of the
cosmetic composition. One type of preservative may be used alone, or a desired
combination of a
plurality of types at a desired ratio may be used.
Examples of thickening agents include hydroxymethylcellulose,
hydroxyethylcellulose,
and the like. If a thickening agent is used, the amount thereof preferably
constitutes no more than
5 mass% with respect to the total mass of the cosmetic composition. One type
of these
thickening agents may be used alone, or a desired combination of a plurality
of types at a desired
ratio may be used.
Apart from the ingredients listed above, various animal- and plant-derived
natural
extracts and derivatives thereof, organic acids such as lactic acid, inorganic
salts such as sodium
chloride, amino acids (glutamic acid and salts thereof, arginine and salts
thereof, glycine, etc.),
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antioxidants, UV absorber, bactericides, chelating agents, perfume, colors,
metal sequestering
agents (edetic acid salts, etc.), foam boosters, and the like may be included,
as appropriate, to the
extent that the effects of the present invention are not impeded. If used,
such ingredients
preferably constitute no more than 20 mass% total of the total mass of the
cosmetic composition.
5 The cosmetic composition according to the present invention does not
preclude the use
of ingredients other than those listed above.
The viscosity of the cosmetic composition according to the present invention
will vary
according to application: for example, if the cosmetic composition according
to the present
invention is used as a hair cosmetic, the viscosity thereof at 25 C is
preferably at least 300 mPa= s
10 and no more than 100,000 mPa= s. The viscosity is more preferably at
least 1,000 mPa= s, still
more preferably 2,000 mPa= s, especially preferably 5,000 mPa= s, and most
preferably 10,000
mPa= s; and more preferably no more than 90,000 mPa= s, and still more
preferably no more than
80,000 mPa= s. The viscosity of the cosmetic composition is preferably at
least 300 mPa= s and no
more than 100,000 mPa= s from considerations of handling. The viscosity of the
cosmetic
15 composition, as shown in the working examples listed in the present
specification, can be
measured using a B-type viscometer or a B8H-type viscometer.
[Hair cosmetic]
The cosmetic composition according to the present invention is especially
useful as a
20 hair cosmetic. In the present specification, there is no particular
limitation upon the type of hair
cosmetic; examples include shampoos, rinses, conditioners, treatments, outbath
treatments, hair
dyes, perming agents, hair packs, hair sprays, hair foams, styling agents, and
the like. Of these,
the hair cosmetic according to the present invention is especially useful for
shampoos, rinses,
conditioners, treatments, outbath treatments, and other conditioning agents
from which
25 conditioning effects are demanded.
Among the various types of hair cosmetics, the cosmetic composition according
to the
present invention is especially effective as a hair treatment cosmetic. The
primary purpose of
hair treatment cosmetics is to impart conditioning effects after washing the
hair with shampoo or
the like, with there being both types that are rinsed out with water after
application and types that
30 are not rinsed out after application. Examples of cosmetics that are
rinsed out with water after
application include rinses, conditioners, treatments, and other so-called
rinse-off conditioners;
and examples of cosmetics that are not rinsed out include outbath treatments
and so-called leave-
on conditioners. Of these, the cosmetic composition according to the present
invention is
especially useful as a rinse-off conditioner.
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31
EXAMPLES
The present invention will now be described in greater detail through the use
of
working examples, but is in no way limited to these working examples as long
as the scope of
the present invention is not exceeded. The various production conditions and
evaluation results
values in the following working examples signify preferable upper-limit and
lower-limit values
in the embodiment of the present invention, and a preferable range can be a
range defined by a
combination of the aforementioned upper-limit and lower-limits values and the
values for the
following working examples, or by a combination of values for different
working examples.
[Copolymer production]
<Producing copolymer (1)>
100 parts by mass ethanol was introduced into a reaction vessel equipped with
a reflux
condenser, a dropping funnel, a thermometer, a nitrogen gas injection tube,
and a stirrer; a liquid
monomer blend containing 40 parts by mass methoxy polyethylene glycol (2 mol)
methacrylate,
60 parts by mass acrylic acid, and 100 parts by mass ethanol was added to the
dropping funnel;
and the reaction vessel was purged with nitrogen and heated to 80 C. 0.5 parts
by mass
dimethy1-2,2'-azo bisisobutyrate (V-601: produced by Wako Pure Chemical
Industries) was
added to the reaction vessel, and the liquid copolymer blend was added
dropwise over 2 hours.
Once dropwise addition was finished, the blend was reacted for 8 hours, after
which distilled
water was added as the ethanol solvent was distilled away to obtain an aqueous
solution of
copolymer (1).
<Producing copolymers (2) to (12)>
Copolymers (2) to (12) were produced in a manner similar to that of copolymer
(1),
except that the ratios shown in Table 1 of the monomers shown in Table 1 were
used (although
"copolymer (9)" is not a "copolymer" but rather a "polymer" using a single
monomer, it has been
labeled "copolymer (9)" for convenience).
[Measuring copolymer physical properties]
<Measuring weight average molecular weight>
The weight average molecular weight of copolymers (1) to (8), (10), and (11)
were
determined using gel permeation chromatography (devices: "5C8010, 5D8022,
RI8020, C08011,
PS8010" manufactured by Tosoh Corporation; column: "Wakopak (Wakobeads G-50)"
manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries; developing solvent:
water/methanol/acetic
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32
acid/sodium acetate = 6/4/0.3/0.41), with polyethylene glycol as a reference
substance.
The weight average molecular weight of copolymer (9) was determined via gel
permeation chromatography (devices: "SC8020, SD8022, CCPM-II, RI8020, C08020"
manufactured by Tosoh Corporation; column: "G6000Hx1, G4000Hx1, G2500Hx1"
manufactured
by Tosoh Corporation; developing solvent: tetrahydrofuran) using polystyrene
as a reference
substance.
The results obtained are shown in Table 1.
C
t..)
[Table 11
o
1¨
Table 1: 1: Types and proportions (parts by mass) of vinyl monomers used to
produce polymers, and polymer weight average molecular weights vi
oe
--4
Copoly Copoly Copoly Copoly Copoly Copoly Copoly Copoly Copoly Copoly Copoly
Copoly
mer (1) mer (2) mer (3) mer (4) mer (5) mer (6) mer (7) mer (8) mer (9)
mer(10) mer(11) mer(12)
Monomer
Acrylic acid 60 80 60 60 50 50 80
80 100 80 30 65
(a)
2-methacryloyl oxyethyl
Monomer hexahydrophthalate
(b) 2-acryoyl oxy
50
P
ethyl succinate
2
.3
_.]
Methoxy PEG
(2 mol) 40
(A)
r.,
Methacrylate *
,
,
methoxy PEG
,
Monomer (4 mol) 20
35
(c) methacrylate *
Hydroxyethyl acrylate 40
Hydroxyethyl
40
70
acrylamide
Monomer Isostearyl methacrylate 20
1-d
(d)
Cyclohexyl methacrylate 20 n
,-i
Monomer
(e)
Dimethyl acrylamide
20 cp
t..)
o
1¨
Weight average molecular weight
22,000 19,000 23,000 30,700 5,500 12,300
10,000 9,000 33,800 20,000 22,800 20,000 c,.)
-a-,
In Table 1, blank fields indicate that the vinyl monomer was not used.
o
o
t..)
vi
*Methoxy PEG (n mol)methacrylate is methoxy polyethylene glycol (n mol)
methacrylate, and "n" indicates that r = n in formula (4).
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34
[Measuring and evaluating physical properties of the cosmetic compositions]
The physical properties of the cosmetic compositions according to the
following
working examples and comparative examples were measured and evaluated as
described below.
<Damaged hair>
A root-aligned bundle (untreated hair, 10 g x 30 cm; manufactured by Beaulax)
of
100% black human hair was used as an evaluation tuft, and a similar bundle
subjected to
bleaching was used for "damaged hair". Specifically, a mixture of 12 g Milbon
"Promatiz Flaeve
Oxytane 6.0 (6% hydrogen peroxide cream) and 6 g Meros "Powder Bleach MR2" was
applied
as a bleaching agent to one of these bundles, the bundle was washed with water
after being left to
stand for 30 minutes, then washed with lauroyl (EO) 3 sodium sulfate
(polyoxyethylene (3)
lauryl ether sodium sulfate) to obtain damaged hair. A 5 g bundle of this
damaged hair was used
as a damaged hair sample bundle.
<Evaluation of smoothness during application>
The damaged hair sample bundle was washed and rinsed using 25 mass%
polyoxyethylene (3) lauryl ether sodium sulfate as a shampoo, after which the
various cosmetic
compositions described above were applied, and smoothness of finger combing
when rinsed in
40 C flowing water was evaluated according to the following four stages. The
cosmetic
composition prepared using copolymer (11) was used as a comparative standard
product.
+2: Superior to comparative standard product
+1: Somewhat superior to comparative standard product
0: Comparable to comparative standard product
-1: Inferior to comparative standard product
<Evaluating reduced coarse/rough feeling of hair after drying>
The damaged hair sample bundle was washed and rinsed using 25 mass%
polyoxyethylene (3) lauryl ether sodium sulfate as a shampoo, after which the
various cosmetic
compositions described above were applied, the hair bundle was rinsed in 40 C
flowing water,
the hair bundle was naturally dried at 23 C and 60% RH for one day, and the
reduced
coarse/rough feeling of the hair after drying was evaluated according to the
following four stages.
The evaluation of reduced coarse/rough feeling of hair was an evaluation of
the degree to which
the coarse/rough feeling of the damaged hair was reduced, and is a combined
evaluation of
uniformity of hair surface and hair bundle softness. The cosmetic composition
prepared using
copolymer (11) was used as a comparative standard product.
+2: Superior to comparative standard product
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+1: Somewhat superior to comparative standard product
0: Comparable to comparative standard product
-1: Inferior to comparative standard product
<Evaluation of smoothness of finger combing after drying>
5 The damaged hair sample bundle was washed and rinsed using 25 mass%
polyoxyethylene (3) lauryl ether sodium sulfate as a shampoo, after which the
various cosmetic
compositions described above were applied, the hair bundle was rinsed in 40 C
flowing water
and patted dry with a towel, and the smoothness when combing by the fingers
through the hair
bundle was evaluated according to the following four stages. The cosmetic
composition prepared
10 using copolymer (11) was used as a comparative standard product.
+2: Superior to comparative standard product
+1: Somewhat superior to comparative standard product
0: Comparable to comparative standard product
-1: Inferior to comparative standard product
15 <Evaluation of manageability after drying>
The damaged hair sample bundle was washed and rinsed using 25 mass%
polyoxyethylene (3) lauryl ether sodium sulfate as a shampoo, after which the
various cosmetic
compositions described above were applied, the hair bundle was rinsed in 40 C
flowing water
and patted dry with a towel, and the tips of the hair were raised and dropped
to evaluate hair
20 manageability (reduced spreading of hair tips) according to the
following four stages. The
cosmetic composition prepared using copolymer (11) was used as a comparative
standard
product.
+2: Superior to comparative standard product
+1: Somewhat superior to comparative standard product
25 0: Comparable to comparative standard product
-1: Inferior to comparative standard product
<Measuring viscosity>
The viscosity of the prepared cosmetic composition was measured at 25 C using
the #4
rotor of a B-type viscometer set to 12 rpm.
30 <Measuring silicone oil adsorption>
The damaged hair sample bundle described above was washed and rinsed using 25
mass% polyoxyethylene (3) lauryl ether sodium sulfate as a shampoo, cosmetic
compositions
prepared according to the following working examples and comparative examples
were applied,
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36
and the hair bundle was rinsed in 40 C flowing water, after which the silicone
oil adsorbed to the
hair was extracted and polydimethyl siloxane adsorption was evaluated via NMR
measurement
(metered dose of H of Si-CH3 using 11-1-NMR) of the extracted fluid.
Extraction was performed by submerging the hair bundle in a 4:1
chloroform/methanol
solvent and performing ultrasonic treatment, vacuum drying the extracted
solvent, the residue
was dissolved in heavy chloroform, dimethyl terephthalate was added as an
internal marker and
the concentration thereof determined, and the amount of polydimethyl siloxane
adsorption was
indicated in terms of such concentration.
[Working examples / comparative examples of cosmetic composition according to
the first
aspect of the present invention]
Working examples and comparative examples of the cosmetic composition
according
to the first aspect of the present invention will be described below.
[Preparation/evaluation of cosmetic compositions]
<Working examples 1-1 to 1-11, comparative example 1-1>
Using copolymers (1) to (12), cosmetic compositions having the compositions
shown
in Table 2 were prepared according to a normal method. Masses for each
ingredient are in terms
of active ingredients, and the accompanying water was prepared in terms of the
amount of water
added. The aforementioned "smoothness during application", "reduced
coarse/rough feeling of
hair after drying ", "smoothness of finger combing after drying ", and
"viscosity" were measured
and evaluated for the obtained cosmetic compositions. Results are shown in
Table 3.
[Table 2]
Table 2: Compositions of cosmetic compositions (mass%)
One of polymers (1) through (12) 1
Cationic surfactant Stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride 1.5
Cetyl alcohol 2
Higher alcohol
Ste aryl alcohol 3
Silicone oil Polydimethyl siloxane 1.5
Hydrocarbon oil Isoparaffin 2
Thickening agent Hydroxyethyl cellulose 0.5
Humectant Glycerin 5
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37
pH adjustment agent Citric acid 0.02
Preservative Sodium benzoate 0.2
Water Balance
Stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride: Wako Pure Chemical Industries
Cetyl alcohol: Wako Pure Chemical Industries
Stearyl alcohol: Wako Pure Chemical Industries
Polydimethyl siloxane: Dow Corning Toray Silicone Co., Ltd. "5H200"
Isoparaffin: Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. "IP2028"
Hydroxyethyl cellulose: Wilbur-Ellis Co. "Natrosol 250HR
Glycerin: Tokai Seiyaku "Japanese Pharmacopeia glycerin"
0
t..)
[Table 31
o
1¨
Table 3: 3: Evaluation results for cosmetic compositions
vi
oe
--4
Working Example Comparative Example
1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-6 1-7 1-
8 1-1 1-2 1-3
Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer
Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer
Polymer used
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
(8) (9) (10) (11) P
Smoothness
2
-,
during +1 +1 +1 0 +1 +1 +1
+1 +1 0 0 ,
.)
2
0
..
application
.
Reduced
,
,
,
coarse/rough
.
+2 +1 +2 +1 +2 +1 +1
+2 0 0 0 r:,
feeling of hair
.
after drying
Smoothness
of finger
+2 +2 +2 +2 +1 +1 0
+1 +1 +1 0
combing after
drying
Viscosity
1-o
(mPa = s) 6850 8000 2600 1200 16000 9750
22500 21250 6300 400 1300 n
,-i
cp
t..,
=
-a-,
c.,
t..,
u,
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39
[Evaluation of results (1)1
(1-1) Whereas the copolymer used in the cosmetic composition according to
comparative example 1-3 had a constituent unit derived from the vinyl monomer
(A) beneath the
range of the present invention at 30 mass%, the copolymers used in the
cosmetic compositions of
working examples 1-1 to 1-8 comprised at least 50 mass% of the constituent
unit derived from
the vinyl monomer (A) including the monomer (a), with there being no loss of
smoothness
during application, no coarse/rough feeling of hair after drying, and good
smoothness of finger
combing after drying.
(1-2) The copolymers used in the cosmetic compositions of working examples 1-5
had
constituent units derived from the vinyl monomer represented by formula (3) as
a highly
hydrophobic monomer (b), and the copolymers used in the cosmetic composition
of working
examples 1-8 had highly hydrophobic cyclohexyl methacrylates as constituent
units derived from
monomer (d), and thus were satisfactory, showing no coarse/rough feeling of
hair after drying.
(1-3) The copolymers used in the cosmetic compositions of working examples 1-1
and
1-3 had constituent units derived from (meth)acrylic ester monomers having
short polyethylene
glycol chains, which had especially high hydrophobic properties among the
different monomers
(c); both exhibited no coarse/rough feeling of hair after drying, and had good
smoothness of
finger combing.
(1-4) Whereas the copolymer used in the cosmetic composition of comparative
example 1 was a polymer comprising only the monomer (a), the copolymers used
in the cosmetic
compositions of working examples 1-1 to 1-8 were copolymers with other
monomers; all showed
a superiority in reduced coarse/rough feeling of hair after drying.
(1-5) Whereas the cosmetic composition according to comparative example 1-2
was a
copolymer not comprising a constituent unit derived from any of monomers (b),
(c), or (d), the
copolymer used in the cosmetic compositions of working examples 1-1 to 1-8
were copolymers
comprising a constituent unit derived from one of monomers (b) to (d), and
thus had superior
smoothness during application and reduced coarse/rough feeling of hair after
drying.
<Working examples 2-1 to 2-9, comparative example 2-1>
Using polymers (1) to (6), (8), (11), and (12), cosmetic compositions having
the
compositions shown in Table 4 were prepared according to a normal method.
Masses for each
ingredient are in terms of active ingredients, and the accompanying water was
prepared in terms
of the amount of water added. The aforementioned "smoothness during
application",
"smoothness of finger combing after drying", and "hair manageability after
drying" were
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measured and evaluated for the obtained cosmetic compositions. Results are
shown in Table 5.
[Table 4]
5 Table 4: Compositions of cosmetic compositions (mass%)
One of polymers (1) through (12) 0.3
Cationic surfactant Stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride 1.5
Cetyl alcohol 2
Higher alcohol
Stearyl alcohol 3
Thickening agent Hydroxyethyl cellulose 0.5
Humectants Glycerin 5
pH adjustment agent Citric acid 0.02
Preservative Sodium benzoate 0.2
Water Balance
Stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride: Wako Pure Chemical Industries
Cetyl alcohol: Wako Pure Chemical Industries
Stearyl alcohol: Wako Pure Chemical Industries
Isoparaffin: Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. "IP2028"
10 Hydroxyethyl cellulose: Wilbur-Ellis Co. "Natrosol 250HR
Glycerin: Tokai Seiyaku "Japanese Pharmacopeia glycerin"
0
t..)
o
1-
1¨
[Table 51
vi
oe
--4
Table 5: Evaluation results for cosmetic compositions
c,.)
Comparative
Working Example
Example
2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-6
2-7 2-8 2-1
Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer
Copolymer Copolymer P
Polymer used
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
(8) (12) (11) .32
,
,
Smoothness during
-1, 2
_.
+1 +1 +1 0 +1 +1
+1 +1 0
,
application
.
,
,
Smoothness of finger
+1 +2 +1 +1 +1 +1
+1 +2 0
combing after drying
Hair manageability after
drying 0 +2 0 0 +1 +1
+1 +1 0
1-d
n
,-i
cp
t..,
=
-a-,
c.,
t..,
u,
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42
[Evaluation of results (2)1
(2-1) Whereas the copolymer used in the cosmetic composition according to
comparative
example 2-1 had a constituent unit derived from the vinyl monomer (A) beneath
the range of the
present invention at 30 mass%, the copolymers used in the cosmetic
compositions of working
examples 2-1 to 2-8 comprised at least 50 mass% of the constituent unit
derived from the vinyl
monomer (A) including the monomer (a), with there being no loss of smoothness
during
application, no coarse/rough feeling of hair after drying, and good smoothness
of finger combing
after drying.
(2-2) The copolymers used in the cosmetic compositions according to working
example
2-2 and 2-8 comprised a greater proportion of monomer (a) than the other
working examples and
comparative examples, and these examples therefore exhibited especially good
smoothness of
finger combing after drying.
[Working examples / comparative examples of cosmetic composition according to
the second
aspect of the present invention]
Working examples and comparative examples of the cosmetic composition
according
to the first aspect of the present invention will be described below.
[Preparation/evaluation of cosmetic compositions]
<Working examples 3-1 to 3-8 and comparative examples 3-1 to 3-3>
Using copolymers (1) to (12), cosmetic compositions having the compositions
shown
in Table 2, "Working examples / comparative examples for cosmetic compositions
according to
the first aspect of the present invention" were prepared according to a normal
method. Masses
for each ingredient are in terms of active ingredients, and the accompanying
water was prepared
in terms of the amount of water added. The aforementioned "smoothness during
application",
"reduced coarse/rough feeling of hair after drying ", "smoothness of finger
combing after drying",
"viscosity", and "silicone oil adsorption" were measured and evaluated for the
obtained cosmetic
compositions. Results are shown in Table 6.
0
t..)
[Table 61
o
1¨
Table 6: 6: Evaluation results for cosmetic compositions
vi
oe
--4
Compara
c,.)
Working Example
live
Example
3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3-7 3-
8 3-9 3-10 3-1
Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer
Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer
Polymer used
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
(8) (9) (10) (11) P
Smoothness
2
.3
-,
during +1 +1 +1 0 +1 +1 +1 +1
+1 0 0
N)
,
-1,
,0
application
Reduced
,
,
,
coarse/rough
.
+2 +1 +2 +1 +2 +1 +1 +2
0 0 0 r.,'
feeling of hair
after drying
Smoothness
of finger
+2 +2 +2 +2 +1 +1 0 +1
+1 +1 0
combing after
drying
Viscosity
6850 8000 2600 1200 16000 9750 22500
21250 6300 400 1300 1-d
(mPa = s)
n
1-i
Silicone oil
cp
adsorption 860 1500 1800 900 560 710 255
700 1250 1300 250 t..)
o
(wtppm)
1¨
'a
o
o
t..)
vi
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44
[Evaluation of results (3)1
(3-1) Whereas the copolymer used in the cosmetic composition according to
comparative example 3-1 had a constituent unit derived from the vinyl monomer
(A) beneath the
range of the present invention at 30 mass%, the copolymers used in the
cosmetic compositions of
working examples 3-1 to 3-10 comprised at least 50 mass% of the constituent
unit derived from
the vinyl monomer (A) including the monomer (a), with there being no loss of
smoothness
during application, no coarse/rough feeling of hair after drying, and good
smoothness of finger
combing after drying.
(3-2) The copolymer used in the cosmetic composition of working examples 3-5
had a
constituent unit derived from the vinyl monomer represented by formula (3) as
a highly
hydrophobic monomer (b), and the copolymer used in the cosmetic composition of
working
example 1-8 had highly hydrophobic cyclohexyl methacrylate as a constituent
unit derived from
monomer (d); both were satisfactory, showing no coarse/rough feeling of hair
after drying.
(3-3) The copolymers used in the cosmetic compositions of working examples 3-1
and
3-3 had constituent units derived from (meth)acrylic ester monomers having
short polyethylene
glycol chains, which had especially high hydrophobic properties among the
different monomers
(c); both exhibited no coarse/rough feeling of hair after drying, and had good
smoothness of
finger combing after drying.
(3-4) Out of working examples 3-1 to 3-10, those showing high levels of
silicone oil
adsorption had good smoothness of finger combing after drying.
<Working examples 4-1 to 4-9, comparative example 4-1>
Using copolymers (1) to (6), (8), (11), and (12), cosmetic compositions having
the
compositions shown in Table 4, "Working examples / comparative examples for
cosmetic
compositions according to the first aspect of the present invention" were
prepared according to a
normal method. Masses for each ingredient are in terms of active ingredients,
and the
accompanying water was prepared in terms of the amount of water added. The
aforementioned
"smoothness during application", "smoothness of finger combing after drying",
and "hair
manageability after drying" were measured and evaluated for the obtained
cosmetic
compositions. Results are shown in Table 7.
0
t..)
[Table 71
o
1¨
Table 7: 7: Evaluation results for cosmetic compositions
vi
oe
--4
Working Working Working Working Working Working Working Working Comparative
c,.)
Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example Example
4-1 4-2 4-3 4-4 4-5 4-6
4-7 4-8 4-1
Pol ymer used
Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer
Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer Copolymer
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
(8) (12) (11)
Smoothness during
application +1 +1 +1 0 +1 +1
+1 +1 0
P
2
Smoothness of finger
.3
,
,
combing after drying +1 +2 +1 +1 +1 +1
+1 +2 0 2
,
Hair mangeability
.
,
after drying 0 +2 0 0 +1 +1
+1 +1 0
1-d
n
,-i
cp
t..,
=
-a-,
c.,
t..,
u,
CA 02871024 2016-04-26
46
[Evaluation of results (4)]
(4-1) Whereas the copolymer used in the cosmetic composition according to
comparative example 4-1 had a constituent unit derived from the vinyl monomer
(A) beneath the
range of the present invention at 30 mass%, the copolymers used in the
cosmetic compositions of
working examples 4-1 to 4-8 comprised at least 50 mass% of the constituent
unit derived from
the vinyl monomer (A) including the monomer (a), with there being no loss in
smoothness
during application, good smoothness of finger combing after drying, and good
manageability
after drying.
(4-2) The cosmetic compositions according to working example 4-2 and 4-8
comprised
a greater proportion of monomer (a) than the other working examples and
comparative examples,
and these examples therefore exhibited especially good smoothness of finger
combing after
drying.
[Industrial applicability]
The cosmetic composition according to the present invention enables superior
conditioning effects to be obtained, particularly when used as a hair
cosmetic. For this reason,
the cosmetic composition is especially suited for use as a conditioning agent.
The dimensions and values disclosed herein are not to be understood as being
strictly
limited to the exact numerical values recited. Instead, unless otherwise
specified, each such
dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally
equivalent range
surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as "40 mm" is
intended to mean
"about 40 mm."
The citation of any document is not an admission that it is prior art with
respect to any
invention disclosed or claimed herein or that it alone, or in any combination
with any other
reference or references, teaches, suggests or discloses any such invention.
Further, to the extent
that any meaning or definition of a term in this document conflicts with any
meaning or
definition of the same term in a document cited herein, the meaning or
definition assigned to that
term in this document shall govern.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated
and
described, the scope of the claims should not be limited by the embodiments
set forth in the
examples, but should be given the broadest interpretation consistent with the
description as a
whole.
