Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
CA 02874404 2014-11-21
WO 2013/174372
PCT/DE2013/100185
Device and Method for Coupling a Mounted Implement on a Vehicle
The invention relates to a device for coupling a mounted implement, in
particular a dozer
blade or a mine clearing plow, on a vehicle, wherein the device comprises a
rotary latch.
Other subject matter is formed by a mounted implement for a vehicle and a
vehicle for
receiving a mounted implement. The invention furthermore relates to a method
for the
emergency decoupling of a mounted implement, in particular a clearing plow or
a mine
clearing plow from a vehicle.
Devices for coupling such heavy mounted implements on vehicles are known. The
mounted
implement serve as a rule to expand the functionality of the vehicles.
Devices are known from the military area for coupling clearing plows or mine
clearing
devices such as mine clearing plows. US 5 786 542 describes a coupling device
that
comprises a ring on the vehicle side and with an upper section mounted in an
articulated
manner, via which section the ring can be opened and closed. For coupling a
mounted
implement, lugs provided on the mounted implement are placed in the ring and
the ring is
closed.
Furthermore, a coupling device described in EP 2 196 763 B1 is described in
which shackles
are disposed on the vehicle. Bolts disposed in the mounted implement engage
into these
shackles and couple the mounted implement on the vehicle.
However, it occurs in the military area in particular that the mounted
implement is damaged
or becomes stuck during use. In these instances the mobility of the vehicle
carrying the
mounted implement is significantly degraded or a movement of the vehicle
becomes
impossible. In order to protect the crew and the vehicle it is then necessary
in case of an
emergency to rapidly decouple the mounted implement from the vehicle and to
reestablish
the mobility of the vehicle.
The already cited EP 2 196 763 B1 suggests to this end drawing the bolt for
decoupling the
mounted implement by hydraulic pressure out of the vehicle side shackle or to
separate the
bolt of the mounted implement by a pyrotechnical charge from the mounted
implement for an
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emergency decoupling and to perform an emergency decoupling of the mounted
implement
in this manner.
In the case of a mounted implement that has become stuck there are undefinable
conditions of
force and tension. Therefore, a reliable design of hydraulic systems that
allow a reliable
emergency decoupling is not possible. In addition, in these cases very great
force is necessary
for withdrawing the bolts from the shackles that cannot be applied by the
hydraulic systems
in an unfavorable case.
Pyrotechnical emergency decouplings arranged directly on the bolt of the
mounted
implement do constitute an improvement but can also not ensure a reliable
emergency
decoupling of the mounted implement. On the one hand the force of the
pyrotechnical charge
lasts only briefly and on the other hand the bolts have the tendency to become
stuck in the
coupling device so that the mounted implement is also not loosened from the
vehicle by the
ignition of the pyrotechnical charge.
The invention therefore has the task of achieving a reliable emergency
decoupling of a
mounted implement from a vehicle.
This task is solved in a device of the initially cited type by a locking
device acting under lever
force on the rotary latch, which device is prestressed in the direction of the
locking position
of the rotary latch and can be relaxed for the emergency decoupling of the
mounted
implement.
The rotary latch can be held in the locking position with a force that is low
in comparison to
the locking force by the prestressing of the rotary latch under lever force.
For the emergency
decoupling the rotary latch is relaxed, so that the mounted implement and the
vehicle can
separate from one another without components of the coupling device of the
mounted
implement and the vehicle clamping to each other. In order to open the rotary
latch and
therefore to separate the vehicle and the mounted implement, it can be
sufficient to take the
prestressing force from the rotary latch. To this end much less force is
required than for the
direct removal of the bolt. Consequently, a simple and reliable emergency
decoupling is
secured.
The lever force is transferred via a lever onto the rotary latch. As a result
of the transfer of
the force of the locking device via the lever onto the rotary latch it is
possible to unlock the
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rotary latch aside from the bolt. Deformations and tensions in the area of the
bolt can
therefore not prevent an effective emergency decoupling.
According to another embodiment of the invention the locking device comprises
a bent lever.
The bent lever serves to strengthen the force acting on the rotary latch. A
great strengthening
of force with low construction space is achieved with a bent lever. The bent
lever can
comprise two shanks connected to one another in an articulated manner. Both
shanks of the
bent lever are preferably equally long.
Another teaching of the invention provides that the rotary latch comprises a
first holding
element that can move from an open position into the locking position and a
second element,
that is in particular rigidly connected to the device, for holding the bolt in
the rotary latch. In
this manner a simple and economical construction results. Both holding
elements can also be
constructed to be movable.
The holding elements preferably have only round receiving surfaces for holding
a round,
cylindrical bolt. However, even bolts with another shape and holding elements
with holding
surfaces corresponding to these bolts are conceivable. For example, the bolt
can be
constructed as a four-cornered shaft. In this case the rotary latch can be
constructed in such a
manner that it can receive moments.
In another embodiment of the device a lever, in particular a bent lever,
attacks the movable
holding element of the rotary latch. The other shank of the bent lever
preferably attacks a
rigid part of the device. The shanks can be disposed vertically or diagonally
in the device.
If both holding elements are to be constructed to be movable, it is
advantageous if each shank
of the bent lever attacks a holding element. However, as an alternative, one
bent lever can
also attack each holding element.
Another further development of the invention suggests that the angle between
the two shanks
of the bent lever in the locking position of the rotary latch is between 160
degrees and 180
degrees, preferably between 170 degrees and 180 degrees, especially preferably
between 175
degrees and 180 degrees. The strengthening effect of the bent lever increases
more, the more
the angle between the shanks approaches 180 degrees.
Furthermore, it proved to be advantageous as regards the construction that the
rotary latch
and/or a lever, especially a bent lever, has a stop in the locked position of
the rotary latch that
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ensures a predetermined play between the two holding elements and a bolt to be
held in them.
On the one hand this ensures a simple connecting and separating of the vehicle
and the
mounted implement by inserting the bolt into and drawing it out from the
rotary latch during
the normal coupling and decoupling. There is a predefined play between the
bolt and the
prestressed rotary latch so that the bolt is not clamped in the rotary latch.
On the other hand,
it can be ensured by the stop that the bent lever is not bent and as a
consequence the
prestressing action of the locking device on the rotary latch is cancelled.
In a further embodiment of the invention the locking device comprises a force-
producing
apparatus for producing the lever force. The force-producing apparatus makes
the
prestressing force available for the rotary latch.
It proved to be advantageous from a constructive viewpoint that the force-
producing
apparatus comprises a spring and/or a screw element. The spring and/or the
screw element
make possible a very precise adjustment of the force acting on the lever and
therefore on the
rotary latch. The spring of the force-producing element is especially
preferably constructed as
a pressure spring.
A further embodiment of the device provides that the force-producing apparatus
acts on the
bent lever in the area of an articulation between the shanks of the bent
lever. In order to
ensure the most efficient and reliable transfer of force possible from the
force-producing
apparatus onto the bent lever, it proved to be especially advantageous if the
direction of the
action of the force-producing apparatus is orthogonal to a connection line
running from the
two outer articulated points or articulations of the shanks of the bent lever.
The force-producing apparatus and/or the rotary latch is/are preferably
received substantially
protected in the device. The device can have a housing for protection. The
housing preferably
protects the force-producing apparatus and/or the bent lever, particularly
laterally, from
environmental influences and/or mechanical effect from the outside. The
housing can be
formed in particular by side walls of the device. The side walls preferably
also form in
particular rigid holding elements of the rotary latch at the same time.
Another embodiment of the invention provides that for the emergency decoupling
the flow
of force between the force-producing apparatus and the rotary latch can be
interrupted,
cancelled and/or reversed, in particular mechanically or explosively. As a
result of the
interruption, cancelling and/or reversal of the flow of force the action of
the force-producing
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apparatus on the rotary latch in the direction of the locking position can be
cancelled. The
flow of force can especially preferably be interrupted pyrotechnically. As a
result of the
interruption and/or reversal of the flow of force the prestressing force can
be taken from the
rotary latch so that it can be opened without resistance.
The flow of force is preferably interrupted by destroying the force-producing
apparatus. To
this end, for example, a cutting charge can be provided in the force-producing
apparatus that
destroys the force-producing apparatus and therefore cancels the prestressing
of the rotary
latch.
Additionally or alternatively, the flow of force can be interrupted by bending
a spring
provided in the force-producing apparatus in order to cancel the prestresses
of the rotary latch
in this manner.
Furthermore, the flow of force between the force-producing apparatus and the
rotary latch
can be interrupted or cancelled in that at least one connection between the
force-producing
apparatus and the device is interrupted or separated, for example, by removing
a bearing bolt.
The bearing bolt can be removed by motor or manually. Furthermore, a cutting
charge can
also destroy or loosen an anchoring of the force-producing apparatus and as a
result cancel
the prestressing of the rotary latch. Upon a canceling of the flow of force
the force-producing
apparatus can continue to be connected to the lever or the rotary latch
without, however,
continuing to exert force, e.g., in the case of a spring as the force-
producing element by
relaxing the spring.
Another embodiment provides a means, in particular a cable, with which the
flow of force
between the force-producing element in the rotary latch can be reversed, e.g.,
by further
compressing the spring.
Furthermore, it proved to be especially advantageous if the force-producing
apparatus
comprises at least one of the following elements: a screw head, a threaded
section, a tapered,
cylindrical section with a cutting charge and/or comprising a spring in order
to prevent the
spring from bending, it is preferably conducted in a casing or a container
closed on one side.
In addition, it is advantageous for a better mounting of the force-producing
element if the
outside diameter of all sections on one side of the threaded section is
smaller than the inside
diameter of the threaded section.
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A further embodiment of the invention provides that the locking device can be
relaxed
manually, by motor and/or by remote control. In this manner the emergency
decoupling can
be carried out by the vehicle crew from the protected area of the vehicle.
Furthermore, a mounted implement and/or vehicle of the initially cited type is
suggested to
solve the above task that comprises one, preferably two devices of the already
described type
so that the already described advantages are achieved.
It proved to be advantageous M a further embodiment of the mounted implement
and/or
vehicle if the mounted implement or vehicle comprises two devices and if the
devices are
disposed in such a manner that the middle axis of the bolts to be received in
the devices are
located on a straight line.
It is advantageous for a better separation of the mounted implement and the
vehicle if the
device is disposed on the mounted implement and/or the vehicle in such a
manner that the
movable holding element is disposed above the holding element fixed to the
device.
It furthermore proved to be advantageous if the vehicle as well as the mounted
implement
comprise devices of the previously described type that can be connected by a
common bolt.
In this case, if the decoupling of the device on the vehicle or on the mounted
implement is not
successful, the emergency decoupling can also be initiated on the other one.
According to another teaching of the invention the mounted implement and/or
the vehicle can
comprise an interface for the hydraulic and/or electrical supply of the
mounted implement by
the vehicle. These interfaces or connections can be separated during the
emergency
decoupling in the manner known from the prior art. Interfaces for controlling
the mounted
implement by the vehicle can also be provided.
In a method of the initially cited type the previous task is solved in that a
locking device
acting under lever force on a rotary latch is relaxed, wherein the mounted
implement is
decoupled from the vehicle. Consequently, a device of the type already
described can be
used, wherein the advantages already described result.
In another embodiment of the method the rotary latch is held in a locking
position before the
decoupling by a lever, in particular a bent lever. The lever strengthens the
force with which
the rotary latch is held in a locking position.
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According to another embodiment of the invention, for the emergency decoupling
the flow of
force between the rotary latch and enforce-producing apparatus is interrupted
or vice versa.
As a result of the interruption of the flow of force the prestressing of the
rotary latch is
canceled so that the vehicle and the mounted implement can be readily
decoupled.
A further development of the invention suggests that in order to interrupt the
flow of force the
force-producing apparatus is destroyed, in particular mechanically or
explosively, especially
preferably pyrotechnically. The prestressing force on the rotary latch is
canceled by the
destruction of the force-producing apparatus so that the rotary latch can open
and free the
bolt.
This can take place mechanically, for example by a purposefully induced
bending of a spring
present in the force-producing apparatus. The force-producing apparatus can be
destroyed
explosively, in particular pyrotechnically by a cutting charge in the force-
producing
apparatus.
According to another embodiment of the invention the flow of force is
interrupted and/or
reversed manually, by motor and/or by remote control. If the flow of force can
be interrupted
or reversed by motor or by remote control, the vehicle crew can initiate,
e.g., the emergency
decoupling from the protected vehicle.
It furthermore proved to be advantageous from a constructive viewpoint that
the rotary latch
is opened by the intrinsic weight of the mounted implement and/or of the
vehicle and the
mounted implement is decoupled from the vehicle.
The device, the mounted implement and/or the vehicle can comprise appropriate
means for
carrying out the method.
Other details of a device according to the invention as well as of a mounted
implement or
vehicle according to the invention and a method according to the invention are
explained in
the following using the attached drawings of exemplary embodiments. In the
figures:
Fig. 1 shows a vehicle with a mounted implement,
Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a device for coupling a
mounted implement to a
vehicle,
Fig. 3 shows a perspective sectional view through a middle
axis of device according to
a first exemplary embodiment,
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Fig. 4 shows a side view of the device according to fig. 3,
Fig. 5 shows a perspective sectional view of the device with an open rotary
latch,
Fig. 6 shows a side view of the device according to fig. 5,
Fig. 7 shows a force-producing element according to a first exemplary
embodiment.
Fig. 8 shows a perspective sectional view of another exemplary embodiment
of the
device,
Fig. 9 shows a side view of the device according to fig. 8,
Fig. 10 shows a perspective sectional view of the device according to fig.
8 with open
rotary latch and compressed spring, and
Fig. 11 shows a side view of the device according to fig. 10.
Many vehicles 2, in particular work vehicles and/or military vehicles have
coupling positions
like the vehicle 2 shown in fig. 1 to which external mounted implements 3 of
different types
can be coupled to the vehicle 2. The spectrum of use and the range of
functions of vehicles 2
can be flexibly adapted to different tasks by the possibility of coupling
different work
devices.
Uniform coupling points on the vehicle 2 are preferably used for the different
mounted
implements 3. In addition to purely mechanical coupling points the mounted
implements
and/or the vehicle can also comprise additional interfaces for the hydraulic
and/or electrical
supply of the mounted implement by the vehicle. Additionally or alternatively,
a control
interface between the mounted implement in the vehicle can also be provided,
so that the
mounted implement can be controlled from the vehicle.
A mounted implement 3 for groundwork or earthwork is coupled to the vehicle 2
in fig. 1.
The mounted implement 3 is a dozer blade 4. Alternatively, for example, a mine
clearing
device such as a mine clearing plow could be coupled to the same coupling
points.
It is generally customary to dispose the mounted implements 3, as is shown in
fig. 1, on the
front of the vehicle 2. However, the coupling points and with them the mounted
implements
3 can be disposed on the rear on the vehicle 2 or, for example, on the roof of
the vehicle 2.
As a rule, coupling points comprise, in addition to the mechanical coupling
points, interfaces
for the electrical components and/or the hydraulic components for supplying
the mounted
implement and comprise control interfaces for the mounted implement 3. In
addition. the
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mounted implements 3 can comprise additional apparatuses that expand their
spectrum of
functions. They can be, for example, sensors for the control and/or for the
operation of the
device or, however, also headlights that can additionally illuminate the
working range of the
mounted implement 3.
When using mounted implements 3 that work the ground such as e.g., dozer
blades 4 and/or
mine clearing plows, it can occur that they stall. However, the mobility of
the vehicles 2
carrying them is significantly limited by stalled mounted implements 3 or a
movement of the
vehicles 2 is completely suppressed. In particular in the case of military
vehicles 2 it is
necessary for the protection of the crew to restore as rapidly as possible the
mobility of the
vehicles 2. This is achieved by decoupling the mounted implement 3 from the
vehicle 2. The
device 1 according to the invention, the mounted implement 3 according to the
invention, the
vehicle 2 according to the invention and the method according to the invention
make possible
an especially rapid and reliable emergency decoupling of the mounted implement
3 from the
vehicle 2, in particular even in the case of high, unknown tension states due
to a stalled
mounted implement 3.
At first, a survey of the basic construction of the device 1 will be given
using fig. 2 before a
first embodiment is described more precisely using fig. 3 to 6, and
subsequently a second
embodiment will be described in detail using fig. 8 to 13. The design of the
force-producing
apparatus 20 constitutes the essential difference between the two embodiments.
Fig. 2 shows the device in a perspective top view. The device 1 comprises as
elements
essential for the invention a rotary latch 5 and a locking device 10. The
rotary latch 5
comprises a first holding element 6 that can move from an open position to a
locking position
and a second holding element 7 fixed to the device. The movable holding
element 6 is
supported in the holding element 7 fixed to the device in such a manner that
it can pivot via
an articulation bolt 8. In fig. 2 the rotary latch 5 is in a locking position
and comprises a bolt
9. The holding elements 6, 7 of the device 1 shown are constructed in the
manner of a double
gripping device. They have two holding surfaces.
In addition, the rotary latch 5 has a stop 30 against which the movable
holding element 6
strikes in a locking position of the rotary latch 5. The stop 30 ensures that
the rotary latch 5
surrounds the bolt 9 but does not clamp it.
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The locking device 10 comprises a lever and a force-producing element 20. The
force-
producing element 20 acts via the lever on the movable holding element 6 and
holds the
rotary latch 5 in a locking position in this manner. It is possible with the
lever to unlock the
rotary latch 5 aside from the bolt 9 to be held by it with the aid of the
force-producing
element 20. The locking device 10 is disposed, as can be well-recognized in
fig. 2, inside the
device 1 and protected by side walls 18, 19. The side walls 18, 19 form a type
of housing for
the protection of the force-producing apparatus 20 and the bent lever 11. The
side walls 18,
19 are also constructed as integral holding elements 7 fixed to the device.
The lever of the locking device, which lever is constructed as bent lever 11,
is described in
detail in the following.
The bent lever 11 is formed by two shanks 12, 13 connected in an articulated
manner to one
another. The shanks 12, 13 have substantially the same length. A shank 12 is
connected in
an articulated manner by the articulation 15 to the movable holding element 6.
The other
shank 13 is connected via the articulation 16 to aa part of the device fixed
to the device 1 and
in the exemplary embodiment to a side wall 18, 19 that simultaneously forms an
integral
holding element 7 fixed to the device.
In a locking position of the rotary latch 5 the shanks 12, 13 of the bent
lever are disposed
almost horizontally in the device, as the figures 3, 4, 8 and 9 show. However,
the bent lever
can also be disposed horizontally or diagonally in the device.
A shank 13 has a U-shaped end. The other shank 12 of the bent lever 11 is
received in an
articulated manner in this U-shaped end. A curve stopped surface 17 for the
force-producing
element 20 is formed on the other shank 12 in the area of the articulation 14
with the shank.
The lever translation of the bent lever 11 is dependent on the angle A formed
by the shanks
12, 13. The more the angle A approaches 180 degrees, the more the bent lever
11 strengthens
the force of the force-producing element 20.
The force-producing element 20 extends in its longitudinal direction from the
stop 17 on the
bent lever to its fastening on the point of the device 1 that is fixed to the
device. In the first
exemplary embodiment shown the force-producing element 20 is screwed into the
device I.
The prolongation of the longitudinal axis of the force-producing element 20
runs substantially
centrally through the articulation 14, by which the two shanks 12, 13 of the
bent lever II are
connected to each other in an articulated manner. The longitudinal axis of the
force-
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producing element 20 is additionally designed diagonally to the connection
line of the two
outer articulated points of the knee lever 11.
The force-producing element 20 in accordance with the embodiment of fig. 3 to
7 will be
explained using the view in fig. 7.
The force-producing element 20 comprises a section 21 for attacking a tool,
which section is
bordered by a threaded section 22. The latter is followed by a tapered section
23 with a
cutting charge 24. The tapered section 23 borders a wider section 25 before
another tapered
section 26 closes the bolt-like element of the force-producing apparatus 20.
The last-cited,
tapered section 26 serves to receive a spring 27. The spring 27 is guided in a
casing 28
whose movement is guided by the wider section 25. The casing 28 serves for
protection
against bending of the spring 27. In the exemplary embodiment the casing 28 is
closed on
one side and therefore constructed like a container. In addition, the outside
diameter of the
casing is less than the inside diameter of the threaded section so that the
force-producing
element can be introduced from the outside of the device into the device and
be screwed.
In the following the functioning of the device 1 during the emergency
decoupling is described
using fig. 3 to 6.
As can be seen in the fig. 3 and 4 the device 1 is in a coupled state in which
the rotary latch 5
surrounds the bolt 9. The movable holding element 6 is held in the locking
position via the
strengthening of the force of the bent lever 11 by the force-producing element
20. The force
producing element 20 is screwed into a section of the device 1 which section
is fixed to the
device and presses with the spring 27 against the stop 17 of the bent lever
11.
If the device 1 is to be decoupled in an emergency, the cutting charge 24 in
the force-
producing element 20 can be ignited, for example, by remote control from the
interior of the
vehicle 2. This separates the tapered section 23, as can be seen in fig. 5 and
6, and the force-
producing element 20 is destroyed as a result. This interrupts the flow of
force via the bent
lever 11 to the movable holding element 6. As a consequence, the rotary latch
5 is no longer
prestressed and is easy to open. In the exemplary embodiment the opening of
the rotary latch
takes place due to the intrinsic weight of the mounted implement 3 and the
mounted
implement 3 slides off from the bolt 9. This cancels the coupling between
vehicle 2 and
mounted implement 3.
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In the following a second exemplary embodiment of the invention will be
described using fig.
8 to 11. The second exemplary embodiment differs substantially from the first
exemplary
embodiment by the force-producing element 20 and its connection to the device
1 and to the
bent lever 11. The force-producing element 20 is designed as spring 29, as can
be readily
recognized in the figures. The spring 29 is constructed as a pressure spring.
It is connected
by one end to a part of the device 1 fixed to the device and attacks with its
other end in the
area of the middle articulation 14 between the shanks 12, 13 of the bent lever
11. In this
manner the spring 29 prestresses the rotary latch 5 via the bent lever 11 in
its locking
position.
The second exemplary embodiment also comprises, as can be seen in the fig. 8
to 11, a stop
30 that ensures that the bolt 9 is not clamped in the locking position of the
rotary latch 5 by it.
In this manner a simple mounting of a mounted implement 3 on a vehicle 2 is
ensured by
inserting and withdrawing the bolt 9. Alternatively, a stop 30 can also be
provided on the
bent lever 11 that also has the result that the bolt 9 is not clamped.
The device according to the second exemplary embodiment can be opened for an
emergency
in different ways.
For an emergency opening, on the one hand the force-producing element 20, in
the present
case the spring 29, can be loosened on one end from the device 1, for example,
by
withdrawing a bearing bolt 31, 32 with which the force-producing element 20 is
connected to
the device 1. The bearing bolt 32 is preferably removed, that connects the
force-producing
element 20 on the end facing away from the bent lever 11 to the device 1. In
this manner the
flow of force from the force-producing element 20 to the rotary latch 5 is
cancelled. During
the loosening of the bearing bolt 31 the flow of force would be interrupted.
The bearing bolts 31, 32 can be removed manually or by motor for the emergency
opening.
For better accessibility to the bearing bolts 31, 32 the side walls 18, 19 in
the area of the
bearing bolts 31, 32 can comprise a perforation. In fig. 8 the perforation is
designed as hole
33.
On the other hand, for the emergency opening the spring 29 in the force-
producing element
20 can be compressed to such an extent that the rotary latch 5 opens, as shown
in fig. 10 and
11. For the compression of the spring 29, for example, a traction means (not
shown) that
attacks the bent lever 11 and a section running parallel to the force-
producing element 20 can
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be used. By pulling on this traction means, e.g., a cable, the pressure spring
29 of the force-
producing element 20 can be further tightened and therefore the flow of force
between it and
the bent lever 11 and therefore the rotary latch 5 can be reversed and
therefore the rotary
latch 5 can be opened. The pulling on the traction means can take place
either, for example,
with the aid of an electrical motor or, however, as an alternative, even
manually in order to
initiate the emergency decoupling. Therefore, a simple and reliable emergency
decoupling is
given.
The previously described device 1 as well as the previously described mounted
implement 3
and the previously described vehicle 2 and the previously described method for
the coupling
and emergency decoupling of a mounted implement 3 from a vehicle 2 are
distinguished in
particular in that they ensure a simple and reliable emergency decoupling
requiring only little
force by opening the rotary latch 5.
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Reference numerals:
1 device
2 vehicle
3 mounted implement
4 clearing plow
rotary latch
6 movable holding element
7 holding element
8 bolt
9 bolt
locking device
11 bent lever
12 shank
13 shank
14 middle articulation
articulation
16 articulation
17 stop surface
18 side wall
19 side wall
force-producing element
21 section for attacking a tool
22 threaded section
23 tapered section
24 cutting charge
wider section
26 tapered section
27 spring
28 casing
29 spring
stop
31 bearing bolt
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32 bearing bolt
33 hole
A angle between the shanks
