Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
CA 02882678 2015-09-04
A CLEANING COMPOSITION COMPRISING SOAPBERRIES AND
SAPONIFIED OIL
REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Patent Application Serial
No.
14/486,644, filed September 15, 2014, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S.
Patent
Application Serial No. 14/046,692, filed October 4, 2013, now U.S. Patent No.
8,835,370, issued September 16, 2014, which is a continuation of U.S. Patent
Application Serial No. 13/959,311, filed August 5,2013, now abandoned.
BACKGROUND
Most commercial cleaning/detergent formulations are designed to efficiently
clean industrial, domestic and/or communal hard surfaces, soft surfaces,
including all
natural, organic, synthetic and blended fibers, or organic surfaces including,
but not
limited to, human skin and hair and animal skin and hair, but not all four.
Compositions, formulations and solutions known in the art generally comprise a
solution of surfactants having various ionic charges, in particular
surfactants that are
non-ionic, anionic, cationic, or amphoteric in nature, acids, caustics,
solvents,
penetrating agents, oils, and/or alcohols. Many of these formulations are
harsh,
however, and are not naturally occurring.
Other detergent/cleaner formulations known in the art include linear
alkylbenzene sulfonates (LASs), e.g., sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, 2-
butoxyethanol, chlorine bleach (e.g., sodium hypochlorite (Na0C1)), and other
synthetic or manmade chemicals, such as glycols and non-natural surfactants
and
ammonia, many of which are toxic and damaging to the environment. In cases of
intensive prolonged exposure, such chemicals can be toxic to those using the
compositions for cleaning. Over time, the toxic effects of such compositions
have
become more widely known, and it has become desirable to attempt to avoid
exposure
to such toxic materials.
SUMMARY
The presently disclosed subject matter provides a cleaning/detergent
composition, formulation and/or solution that primarily comprises naturally
and/or
organically occurring ingredients, provides effective cleaning/detergent
action on a
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variety of surfaces, and is generally safe(r) to use and is less toxic to the
user and the
environment than existing cleaning/detergent compositions.
In some aspects, the presently disclosed subject matter provides an organic
cleaning mixture, comprising soapberries, one or more saponified oils, and
optionally
one or more of sodium carbonate (also referred to herein as washing soda),
sodium
hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide, mixed in varying ratios in a solvent in an
amount sufficient for the mixture to exhibit commercially acceptable cleaning
properties.
In particular aspects, the mixture comprises up to about ninety five percent
(95%) by weight soapberries, up to about thirty three percent (33%) by weight
one or
more saponified oils, and up to about three percent (3%) by weight sodium
carbonate,
not including water.
In yet other aspects, the mixture comprises up to about eighty two percent
(82.0%) by weight soapberries, twelve percent (12.0%) by weight one or more
saponified oils, and one point five percent (1.5%) by weight sodium carbonate,
not
including water.
In other aspects, the mixture comprises from about five percent (5%) to about
ninety five percent (95%) by weight soapberries, from about 0.1% to about one
hundred percent (100%) by weight one or more saponified oils, and optionally
from
about 0.5% to about thirty percent (30%) by weight of one or more of sodium
carbonate, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide, not including water.
In particular aspects, the mixture comprises from about twenty percent (20%)
to about eighty-five percent (85%) by weight soapberries, from about 0.1% to
about
eighty percent (80%) by weight one or more saponified oils, and optionally
from
about 0.5% to about thirty percent (30%) by weight of one or more of sodium
carbonate, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide, not including water.
In yet more particular aspects, the mixture comprises from about sixty-five
percent (65%) to about eighty-five percent (85%) by weight soapberries, from
about
ten percent (10%) to about twenty-five percent (25%) by weight one or more
saponified oils, from about 1% to about 15% of a thickener, and optionally
from about
0.5% to about three percent (3%) by weight of one or more of sodium carbonate,
sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide, not including water.
In even yet more particular aspects, the mixture further comprises one or more
components selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, ethyl
palmate,
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sodium hydroxide, calcium chloride, one or more enzymes, silica, and one or
more
fragrances.
In further aspects, the mixture comprises from about 0.0% to about five
percent (5%) by weight soapberries, from about 90 percent (90%) to about one
hundred percent (100%) by weight one or more saponified oils, from about 1% to
about 15% by weight of a thickener, and optionally from about 0.5% to about
three
percent (3%) by weight of one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide,
and
potassium hydroxide, not including water.
In yet further aspects, the mixture comprises from about twenty percent (15%)
to about twenty-five percent (25%) by weight soapberries, from about seventy
percent
(70%) to about eighty percent (80%) by weight one or more saponified oils,
from
about 1% to about 15% of a thickener, and optionally from about 0.5% to about
thirty
percent (30%) by weight of one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide,
and
potassium hydroxide, not including water.
Such materials are mixed in a solution, for example, in some aspects, with
water, for use as a cleaning/detergent composition.
In other aspects, an organic cleaning composition comprising between about
0.1% to about 35% by weight soapberries, between about 18% to about 99% by
weight saponified oil, between about 0.01% to about 10% by weight soap bark,
between about 0.01% to about 26% by weight of one or more of sodium carbonate,
sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, alkali and combinations thereof,
between
about 0.01% to about 12% by weight calcium chloride or salt derivatives,
between
about 0.1% to about 15% by weight alcohol, between about 0.01% to about 12% by
weight of thickener(s) and/or viscosifier(s), between about 0.01% to about 25%
by
weight of one or more surfactants, between about 0.1% to about 7.5% by weight
of
one or more preservatives, between about 0.1% to about 12% by weight of
peroxide(s)/oxidant(s), and between 0.1% to about 12% of one or more
fragrances,
not including water, wherein the mixture comprises at least one of (i) not
less than 95
percent organically produced raw or processed agricultural products, or (ii)
at least 70
percent certified organic ingredients, excluding salt and water.
In yet other aspects, an organic cleaning composition comprising between
about 0.1% to about 35% by weight soapberries, between about 18% to about 99%
by
weight saponified oil, between about 0.01% to about 10% by weight soap bark,
between about 0.01% to about 20% by weight of one or more of sodium carbonate,
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sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, alkali, and combinations thereof,
between
about 0.01% to about 12% by weight calcium chloride or salt derivatives,
between
about 0.1% to about 15% by weight alcohol, between about 0.01% to about 12% by
weight of thickener(s) and/or viscosifier(s), between about 0.01% to about 25%
by
weight of one or more surfactants, between about 0.1% to about 7.5% by weight
of
one or more preservatives, between about 0.1% to about 12% by weight of
peroxide(s)/oxidant(s), between about 0.1% to about 30% enzymes, and between
0.1% to about 12% of one or more fragrances, not including water, wherein the
mixture comprises at least one of (i) not less than 95 percent organically
produced raw
or processed agricultural products, or (ii) at least 70 percent certified
organic
ingredients, excluding salt and water.
In further aspects, an organic cleaning composition comprising between about
0.1% to about 35% by weight soapberries, between about 0.1% to about 35% by
weight surfactant(s), between about 0.01% to about 35% by weight of one or
more of
sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, alkali, and
combinations
thereof, between about 0.1% to about 35% by weight saponified oil, between
about
0.1% to about 55% by weight alcohol, between about 0.1% to about 10% by weight
of
one or more preservatives, between about 0.01% to about 10% by weight calcium
chloride or salt derivatives, between about 0.1% to about 35% by weight of
thickener(s) and/or viscosifier(s), and between 0.1% to about 12% of one or
more
fragrances, not including water, wherein the mixture comprises at least one of
(i) not
less than 95 percent organically produced raw or processed agricultural
products, or
(ii) at least 70 percent certified organic ingredients, excluding salt and
water.
Certain aspects of the presently disclosed subject matter having been stated
hereinabove, which are addressed in whole or in part by the presently
disclosed
subject matter, other aspects will become evident as the description proceeds
when
taken in connection with the accompanying Examples as best described herein
below.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The presently disclosed subject matter now will be described more fully
hereinafter with reference to the accompanying Examples, in which some, but
not all
embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter are shown. Like numbers
refer
to like elements throughout. The presently disclosed subject matter may be
embodied
in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the
embodiments
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set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this
disclosure will
satisfy applicable legal requirements. Indeed, many modifications and other
embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter set forth herein will
come to
mind to one skilled in the art to which the presently disclosed subject matter
pertains
having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions
and the
associated Examples. Therefore, it is to be understood that the presently
disclosed
subject matter is not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and
that
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modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within the
scope of
the appended claims.
I. ORGANIC CLEANING COMPOSITION
In some embodiments, the presently disclosed subject matter provides an
organic cleaning/detergent composition, formulation and/or solution. In
particular
embodiments, the presently disclosed solutions comprise a carrier, such as
blend
water, comprising effective amounts of a soapberries in combination with one
or more
saponified oils, glycerin, optionally one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium
hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide for pH adjustment (if required) or as a
residual
reagent from the saponification process; and a natural viscosifier or
thickening agent.
Such a solution can be used as a cleaning agent/detergent, which exhibits
commercially acceptable cleaning properties.
As used herein, the term "commercially acceptable cleaning properties" refers
generally to the degree of cleanliness, extent of effort, or both that a
typical consumer
would expect to achieve or expend when using a cleaning product or cleaning
system
to address a typical soiling condition on a typical substrate or surface. This
degree of
cleanliness may, depending on the particular cleaning product and particular
substrate,
correspond to a general absence of visible soiling, or to some lesser degree
of
cleanliness. For example, a cleaner for a hard surface would be expected by a
typical
consumer to achieve an absence of visible soiling when used on a moderately
soiled,
but relatively new hard surface, but would not be expected to achieve an
absence of
visible soiling when used on an old hard surface that already bears permanent
stains
or discoloration. Cleanliness may be evaluated in a variety of ways depending
on the
particular cleaning product being used (e.g., laundry detergent, hard surface
cleaner,
or the like) and the particular hard, soft, or organic surface being cleaned,
and
normally may be determined using generally agreed industry standard tests or
localized variations of such tests. In the absence of such agreed industry
standard
tests, cleanliness may be evaluated using the test or tests already employed
by a
manufacturer or seller to evaluate the cleaning performance of its cleaning
products
sold in association with its brand.
Further, although the term "blend water" is used in connection with the term
"solution," at least one of the components of the presently disclosed
composition can,
in some embodiments, be only "miscible" in water and accordingly does not go
into
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. .
solution. Thus, the term "solution" is intended to encompass all such terms as
"composition," "formulation," "mixtures," "emulsions," and "solutions" and
such
terms are used interchangeably herein.
Soapberries, also referred to as "soapnuts" are the fruit of shrubs or small
trees
belonging to the genus Sapindus, which includes a number of species including,
but
not limited to, Sapindus delavay, Sapindus detergens, Sapindus emarginatus,
Sapindus laurifolius, Sapindus marginatus, Sapindus mukorossi, Sapindus
oahuensis,
Sapindus rarak, Sapindus saponaria, Sapindus tomentosus, Sapindus trifoliatus,
and
Sapindus vitiensis.
For example, fruit from the Sapindus mukurossi tree also is known as washnut,
tiha, reetha, aritha, dodan, and doadni, as well as soapberry or soapnut. The
Sapindus
mukurossi tree is a deciduous tree widely grown in upper reaches of Indo
Gangetic
plains, Shivaliks and sub Himalayan tracts at altitudes from 200 m to 1500 m.
Sapindus mukurossi fruit extract has cleansing, anti-bacterial, and anti-
fungal
properties, among others, and it provides a less irritating alternative to non-
natural
chemical formulations.
In some embodiments, the bark of bush or tree from the genus Sapindus can
be used, and is referred to herein as "soapbark." In representative, non-
limiting
embodiments, the soapbark can be obtained from an Quillaja saponaria, or so-
called
"soap bark," tree. Soap bark can impart detergency properties, as well as
function as a
foaming agent.
These properties have been attributed to the saponin found in soapberries and
soapbark. Saponins are natural surfactants and have a diverse range of
properties,
including foaming, cleaning and emulsifying, pharmacological and medicinal,
and
haemolytic properties, as well as antimicrobial, insecticidal, spermicidal and
molluscicidal activities. Saponins are amphipathic glycosides comprising one
or
more hydrophilic glycoside moieties combined with a lipophilic triterpene
derivative.
Generally, saponins are the glycosides of 27 carbon steroids or 30 carbon
triterpenes.
Soapberries have been used for washing for thousands of years by native
peoples and have been included, for example, in natural laundry detergents.
In some embodiments, the soapberry extract and/or soapberries is provided in
an amount ranging from about sixty five percent (65%) to about ninety five
percent
(95%), including 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, and 95%, and any integer
percentage and fraction thereof from 65% to 95%, depending on product
function. In
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other embodiments, the soapberry extract is provided in an amount ranging from
about zero percent (0.0%) to about ninety five percent (95%), including 0.0%,
0.01%,
0.1%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0%, 3.5%, 4.0%, 4.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%,
20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%,
90%, and 95%, and any integer percentage and fraction thereof from 5% to 95%,
depending on product function.
A saponified oil suitable for use with the presently disclosed compositions,
formulations, and solutions can be prepared by hydrolysis of a vegetable oil,
i.e., a
triglyceride extracted from a plant, or an animal fat with a strong alkali,
such as
sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, or combinations thereof, to form the
carboxylate salt, e.g., a sodium or potassium salt, and glycerol (also
referred to as
glycerin, i.e., propane-1,2,3-triol (C3H803)).
Representative saponified oils suitable for use with the presently disclosed
compositions, formulations, and solutions can be prepared by the
saponification of
vegetable oils and animal fats known in the art including, but not limited to,
almond
oil, apricot kernel oil, avocado oil, babassu oil, beef tallow, borage oil,
canola oil,
castor oil, cocoa butter, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, crisco
shortening, emu
oil, grapeseed oil, hazelnut oil, illipe butter, jojoba oil, kukui nut oil,
lard, macadamia
nut oil, mango butter, neem oil, olive oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, peach
kernel oil,
peanut oil, rice bran oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, shea butter, soybean
oil, stearic
acid, sunflower oil, walnut oil, and wheat germ oil.
The saponified oils used in the presently disclosed methods generally are
substantially free of glycerol. By "substantially free" is meant that the
presently
disclosed compositions, formulations, and solutions comprise, in some
embodiments,
less than about 1.0 percent by weight, in some embodiments, less than about
0.5
percent by weight, in some embodiments, less than 0.25 percent by weight, and
in
some embodiments, less than 0.1 percent by weight of the total composition. In
other
embodiments, however, glycerol, can be added to the presently disclosed
compositions, formulations, and solutions.
One of ordinary skill in the art would appreciate that the ingredients, such
as
the oil and the alkali, used in the saponification process can influence the
characteristics of the presently disclosed cleaning/detergent composition,
formulation,
or solution. Such characteristics can include, but are not limited to,
hardness or
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softness of the soap product, cleansing ability, fluffy lather, stable lather,
stability in
solution, and, in some embodiments, skin care qualities.
For example, coconut oil provides a stable solution with excellent cleaning
ability and a fluffy, but unstable, lather, whereas palm oil also provides
excellent
cleaning ability, but, in contrast to coconut oil, provides a stable, but not
fluffy, lather.
Olive oil contains natural antioxidants and creates a creamy lather, whereas
beef
tallow forms a firm, white bar and creates a stable lather.
Further, potassium hydroxide can be used to prepare a soft soap or liquid soap
due to its greater solubility, whereas sodium hydroxide can be used to prepare
a bar
soap. In some embodiments, any residual or excess alkali can be removed to
decrease
the harshness, irritability, and/or potential toxicity of the soap.
In some embodiments, the saponified oil is provided in an amount ranging
from about zero point one percent (0.1%) by weight to about thirty three
percent
(33.0%) by weight, including 0.1%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, and
33% , and any integer percentage and fraction thereof from about 0.1% to about
33%,
depending on product function. In other embodiments, the saponified oil is
provided
in an amount ranging from about zero point one percent (0.1%) by weight to
about
100% percent (100.0%) by weight, including 0.1%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%,
25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%,
95%, 99%, and 100% , and any integer percentage and fraction thereof from
about
0.1% to about 100%, depending on product function.
In some embodiments, the presently disclosed organic cleaning mixture
comprises one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, and potassium
hydroxide, wherein, in some embodiments, the one or more of sodium carbonate,
sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide is provided in an amount of about
zero
percent (0.0%) to about three percent (3.0%), including 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%,
2.0%,
2.5%, and 3.0%, and any integer percentage and fraction thereof from about
0.0% to
about 3.0%, depending on product function. In other embodiments, the one or
more
of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide is provided in
an
amount of about zero percent (0.0%) to about thirty percent (30%), including
0.5%,
1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0%, 3.5%, 4.0%, 4.5%, 5.0%, 5.5%, 6.0%, 6.5%, 7.0%,
7.5%, 8.0%, 8.5%, 9.0%, 9.5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%, and any integer
percentage and fraction thereof from about 0.0% to about 30%, depending on
product
function.
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In some embodiments, the viscosifier is provided in an amount ranging from
about zero point five percent (0.5%) to about fifteen percent (15%), including
0.5%,
1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 15%, and any integer percentage and
fraction
thereof depending on product function. As used herein, the term "viscosifier"
refers
to any material that increases the viscosity of a fluid and also can be
referred to as a
"thickener" or "thickening agent." Representative viscosifiers include, but
are not
limited to, xanthan gum, guar gum, aragum, gum arabic, arrowroot powder, soy
lecithin, or any cellulosic, such as methylcellulose or ethylcellulose, or
starch based
viscosifier.
When the presently disclosed solutions are mixed with water, the water, in
some embodiments, comprises an amount ranging from about sixty three
percent (63.0%) to about seventy eight percent (78.0%), including 63%, 64%,
65%,
66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, and 78% by
weight, and any fraction thereof, of the total volume. In other embodiments,
the water
comprises an amount ranging from about fifty percent (50.0%) to about ninety
percent (90.0%), including about 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, and
90%, by weight, and any fraction thereof, of the total volume.
Further, depending on the particular formulations, additional soapberries or
derivatives thereof, glycerin, citric acid, aloe, salts, enzymes, and/or
sodium
derivatives can be provided in differing amounts as illustrated by the
examples
described herein below to provide appropriate texture, foaming capabilities,
and foam
stability. Representative enzymes include, but are not limited to, proteases,
amylases,
including bacilliary amylases, lipases, mannanases, pectate lyases, and
cellulases.
Representative sodium derivatives include, but are not limited to, sodium
bicarbonate,
sodium percarbonate, sodium borate, and trisodium phosphate.
In some embodiments, the presently disclosed organic cleaning mixtures also
include one or more essential oils. Essential oils can be used for
fragrancing, cleaning
properties, preservation, soil penetration, saponification, and therapeutic
benefits.
Representative essential oil include, but are not limited to, allspice,
ambrette seed,
amyris, angelica root, anise, star anise, atlas cedarwood, Peru balsam, basil,
holy
basil, bay, bay laurel, beeswax absolute, benzoin absolute, bergamot, bergamot
mint,
black pepper, blue cypress, bois-de-rose, boronia, bursera graveolens,
cajeput,
cananga, cardamom, carrot seed, cassia, catnip/catmint, atlas cedarwood,
Virginian
cedarwood, German chamomile, Roman chamomile, chocolate peppermint,
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cinnamon, citronella, clary sage, clove bud, coffee, common sage, coriander,
cumin,
cypress, blue cypress, davana, dill, dalmation sage, elemi, eucalyptus, lemon
eucalyptus, radiata eucalyptus, fennel, fir needle, frankincense, galbanum,
geranium,
rose geranium, ginger, grapefruit, gurjum balsam, helichrysum, hyssop,
immortelle,
jamine absolute, juniper berry, kanuka, abrialis lavandula, lavender,
lavendin, lemon,
lemon balm, lemon eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon myrtle, lime, linden blossom,
mandarin, mandravasarotra, manuka, marjoram, may chang, melissa, mullein,
myrrh,
myrtle, lemon myrtle, neroli, niaouli, nutmeg, oakmoss, oliganum, bitter
orange,
sweet orange, oregano, palmarosa, palo santo, parsley, patchouli, peppermint,
petitgrain, berry/leaf pimento, scotch pine, ravensara, rose, rosemary,
rosewood,
common sage, Spanish sage, sandalwood, saro, spearmint, spikenard, spruce,
tagetes,
tangerine, common tea tree, lemon tea tree, New Zealand tea tree, thyme,
tobacco,
tuberose, tulsi, vanilla, vetiver, violet leaf, yarrow, ylang ylang, and yuzu.
The presently disclosed organic cleaning mixtures also can include one or
more of the following ingredients, including, but not limited to, salt, such
as sea salt,
kosher salt, Epsom salt, and standard table salt; viscosifiers, such as agar
flakes, guar,
modified guar, xanthan, sodium alginate, sodium alginate/calcium chloride,
modified
xanthan, gellan gum, carrageenan, soy lecithin, egg yoke, corn starch, and
sodium
chloride; natural surfactants, such as yucca, quillaja, yucca/quillaja natural
blends,
jojoba, and buffaloberry; oils for saponification, such as, coconut, glycerin,
olive,
jajoba, and palm; acids, such as acetic dry, standard grade acetic acid, i.e.,
"vinegar,"
(4% acidity or activity), acetic 120 (12% acidity or activity), acetic 300
(30% acidity
or activity), any of which can be diluted to obtain an acetic acid percent
acidity or
activity having a range from about 0.001% to about 30%, including, but not
limited to
0.001%, 0.01%, 0.1%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%, and any integer
percentage and fraction thereof from 65% to 95%, depending on product
function,
citric dry, citric liquid, malic, lactic, tartaric, formic, and phosphoric;
and alcohols,
such as ethyl and isopropyl alcohol.
Importantly, the presently disclosed compositions, formulations, and/or
solution are "organic." As used herein, the term "organic" refers to a product
or
ingredient that complies with 7 CFR 205.301, which establishes organic
content
requirements for labeling and marketing purposes. Four categories of organic
content
have been established by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
under
the National Organic Program (NOP): "100 percent organic," which is defined as
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products comprising 100 percent organic ingredients; "organic," which is
defined as
products comprising 95 percent or more organic ingredients; "made with
organic,"
which is defined as products comprising between 70 percent to 95 percent
organic
ingredients; and "ingredient panel only," which is defined as products
comprising less
than 70 percent organic ingredients.
More particularly, under 7 CFR 205.301, all of the ingredients in products
sold, labeled, or represented as "100 percent organic" must be certified
organic and
contain (by weight or fluid volume, excluding water and salt) 100 percent
organically
produced ingredients.
Products sold, labeled, or represented as "organic" must contain (by weight or
fluid volume, excluding water and salt) not less than 95 percent organically
produced
raw or processed agricultural products. Any remaining product ingredients must
be
organically produced, unless not commercially available in organic form, or
must be
nonagricultural substances or non-organically produced agricultural products
as
specified on the National List under 7 CFR 205.605. Accordingly, non-organic
ingredients allowed per National List may be used, up to a combined total of
five
percent of non-organic content (excluding salt and water).
Products sold, labeled, or represented as "made with organic" must contain (by
weight or fluid volume, excluding water and salt) at least 70 percent
organically
produced ingredients. Accordingly, multi-ingredient agricultural products in
the
"made with organic" category must include at least 70 percent certified
organic
ingredients (excluding salt and water). Although any remaining agricultural
products
are not required to be organically produced, non-agricultural products must be
specifically allowed on the National List under 7 CFR 205.605.
Multi-ingredient products having less than 70 percent certified organic
content
(excluding salt and water) are not qualified to be certified. Accordingly, any
non-
certified product must not include the USDA organic seal anywhere or the word
"organic" on a principal display panel. Such products may only list certified
organic
ingredients as organic in the ingredient list and the percentage of organic
ingredients.
Remaining ingredients are not required to follow the USDA organic regulations.
Further, under 7 CFR 205.605, specified nonagricultural (nonorganic)
substances may be used as ingredients in or on processed products labeled as
"organic" or "made with organic," including the following nonsynthetic and
synthetic
ingredients:
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Nonsynthetics: acids (alginic; citric¨produced by microbial fermentation of
carbohydrate substances; and lactic); agar-agar; animal
enzymes¨(rennet¨animals
derived; catalase¨bovine liver; animal lipase; pancreatin; pepsin; and
trypsin);
bentonite; calcium carbonate; calcium chloride; calcium sulfate¨mined;
carrageenan;
dairy cultures; diatomaceous earth¨food filtering aid only; egg white lysozyme
(CAS
# 9001-63-2); enzymes derived from edible, nontoxic plants, nonpathogenic
fungi, or
nonpathogenic bacteria; flavors, nonsynthetic sources only and must not be
produced
using synthetic solvents and carrier systems or any artificial preservative;
gellan gum
(CAS # 71010-52-1)¨high-acyl form only; glucono delta-lactone¨production by
the
oxidation of D-glucose with bromine water is prohibited; kaolin; L-Malic acid
(CAS #
97-67-6); magnesium sulfate, nonsynthetic sources only; microorganisms¨any
food
grade bacteria, fungi, and other microorganism; nitrogen¨oil-free grades;
oxygen¨
oil-free grades; perlite¨for use only as a filter aid in food processing;
potassium
chloride; potassium iodide; sodium bicarbonate; sodium carbonate; tartaric
acid-
made from grape wine; waxes¨nonsynthetic (Carnauba wax; and Wood resin);
yeast¨nonsynthetic, growth on petrochemical substrate and sulfite waste liquor
is
prohibited (autolysate; bakers; brewers; nutritional; and smoked¨nonsynthetic
smoke
flavoring process must be documented); and
synthetics: activated charcoal (CAS #s 7440-44-0; 64365-11-3)¨only from
vegetative sources; for use only as a filtering aid; alginates; ammonium
bicarbonate¨
for use only as a leavening agent; ammonium carbonate¨for use only as a
leavening
agent; ascorbic acid; calcium citrate; calcium hydroxide; calcium phosphates
(monobasic, dibasic, and tribasic); carbon dioxide; cellulose¨for use in
regenerative
casings, as an anti-caking agent (non-chlorine bleached) and filtering aid;
chlorine
materials¨disinfecting and sanitizing food contact surfaces, except that
residual
chlorine levels in the water shall not exceed the maximum residual
disinfectant limit
under the Safe Drinking Water Act (calcium hypochlorite; chlorine dioxide; and
sodium hypochlorite); cyclohexylamine (CAS # 108-91-8)¨for use only as a
boiler
water additive for packaging sterilization; diethylaminoethanol (CAS # 100-37-
8)-
for use only as a boiler water additive for packaging sterilization;
ethylene¨allowed
for postharvest ripening of tropical fruit and degreening of citrus; ferrous
sulfate¨for
iron enrichment or fortification of foods when required by regulation or
recommended
(independent organization); glycerides (mono and di)¨for use only in drum
drying of
food; glycerin __ produced by hydrolysis of fats and oils; hydrogen peroxide;
11
CA 02882678 2015-02-20
lecithin¨bleached; magnesium carbonate¨for use only in agricultural products
labeled "made with organic" prohibited in agricultural products labeled
"organic";
magnesium chloride¨derived from sea water; magnesium stearate¨for use only in
agricultural products labeled "made with organic" prohibited in agricultural
products
labeled "organic"; nutrient vitamins and minerals, in accordance with 21 CFR
104;
20, Nutritional Quality Guidelines For Foods; octadecylamine (CAS # 124-30-
1)¨for
use only as a boiler water additive for packaging sterilization; ozone; pectin
(low-
methoxy); peracetic acid/peroxyacetic acid (CAS # 79-21-0)¨for use in wash
and/or
rinse water according to FDA limitations; for use as a sanitizer on food
contact
surfaces; phosphoric acid¨cleaning of food-contact surfaces and equipment
only;
potassium acid tartrate; potassium carbonate; potassium citrate; potassium
hydroxide¨prohibited for use in lye peeling of fruits and vegetables except
when
used for peeling peaches during the Individually Quick Frozen (IQF) production
process; potassium iodide¨for use only in agricultural products labeled "made
with
organic," prohibited in agricultural products labeled "organic"; potassium
phosphate¨for use only in agricultural products labeled "made with organic,"
prohibited in agricultural products labeled "organic"; silicon dioxide; sodium
acid
pyrophosphate (CAS # 7758-16-9)¨for use only as a leavening agent; sodium
citrate;
sodium hydroxide¨prohibited for use in lye peeling of fruits and vegetables;
sodium
phosphates¨for use only in dairy foods; sulfur dioxide¨for use only in wine
labeled
"made with organic grapes," provided that total sulfite concentration does not
exceed
100 ppm; tartaric acid¨made from malic acid; tetrasodium pyrophosphate (CAS #
7722-88-5)¨for use only in meat analog products; tocopherols¨derived from
vegetable oil when rosemary extracts are not a suitable alternative; and
xanthan gum.
Following long-standing patent law convention, the terms "a," "an," and "the"
refer to "one or more" when used in this application, including the claims.
Thus, for
example, reference to "a subject" includes a plurality of subjects, unless the
context
clearly is to the contrary (e.g., a plurality of subjects), and so forth.
Throughout this specification and the claims, the terms "comprise,"
"comprises," and "comprising" are used in a non-exclusive sense, except where
the
context requires otherwise. Likewise, the term "include" and its grammatical
variants
are intended to be non-limiting, such that recitation of items in a list is
not to the
exclusion of other like items that can be substituted or added to the listed
items.
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CA 02882678 2015-09-04
For the purposes of this specification and appended claims, unless otherwise
indicated, all numbers expressing amounts, sizes, dimensions, proportions,
shapes,
formulations, parameters, percentages, parameters, quantities,
characteristics, and
other numerical values used in the specification and claims, are to be
understood as
being modified in all instances by the term "about" even though the term
"about" may
not expressly appear with the value, amount or range. Accordingly, unless
indicated
to the contrary, the numerical parameters set forth in the following
specification and
attached claims are not and need not be exact, but may be approximate and/or
larger
or smaller as desired, reflecting tolerances, conversion factors, rounding
off,
measurement error and the like, and other factors known to those of skill in
the art
depending on the desired properties sought to be obtained by the presently
disclosed
subject matter. For example, the term "about," when referring to a value can
be meant
to encompass variations of, in some embodiments, 100% in some embodiments
50%, in some embodiments 20%, in some embodiments 10%, in some
embodiments 5%, in some embodiments 1%, in some embodiments 0.5%, and in
some embodiments 1 0.1% from the specified amount, as such variations are
appropriate to perform the disclosed methods or employ the disclosed
compositions.
Further, the term "about" when used in connection with one or more numbers
or numerical ranges, should be understood to refer to all such numbers,
including all
numbers in a range and modifies that range by extending the boundaries above
and
below the numerical values set forth. The recitation of numerical ranges by
endpoints
includes all numbers, e.g., whole integers, including fractions thereof,
subsumed
within that range (for example, the recitation of 1 to 5 includes 1, 2, 3, 4,
and 5, as
well as fractions thereof, e.g., 1.5, 2.25, 3.75, 4.1, and the like) and any
range within
that range.
All publications, patent applications, patents, and other references mentioned
in the specification are indicative of the level of those skilled in the art
to which the
presently disclosed subject matter pertains. It will be understood that,
although a
number of patent applications, patents, and other references are referred to
herein,
such reference does not constitute an admission that any of these documents
forms
part of the common general knowledge in the art.
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CA 02882678 2015-02-20
EXAMPLES
The following Examples have been included to provide guidance to one of
ordinary skill in the art for practicing representative embodiments of the
presently
disclosed subject matter. In light of the present disclosure and the general
level of
skill in the art, those of skill can appreciate that the following Examples
are intended
to be exemplary only and that numerous changes, modifications, and alterations
can
be employed without departing from the scope of the presently disclosed
subject
matter. The descriptions and specific examples that follow are only intended
for the
purposes of illustration, and are not to be construed as limiting in any
manner to make
compounds of the disclosure by other methods.
EXAMPLE 1
Representative Procedure for Preparing Formulations for Laundry Detergent,
Hard
Surface Cleaner, Hand Soap, Automatic Dishwasher Detergent, Human Shampoo,
and Animal Shampoo
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
The procedure described is for a five hundred (500) gallon batch. Weights are
based on a specific gravity for water of eight point thirty-four (8.34) pounds
per
gallon. As will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, adjustments
can be
made depending on variation in the batch size.
Initially, a blending vessel is filled with two hundred and fifty (250)
gallons of
blend water. Stirring or circulation is initiated depending on the vessel
design.
Thereafter, approximately 69 gallons (575 pounds/about 13.8 wt. %) of
soapberries is
added to the blend vessel. Stirring is continued until a uniform solution is
achieved.
This normally takes about two (2) to three (3) minutes.
After the solution is uniform, about thirty four gallons (290 pounds/about 7.0
wt. %) of forty one percent solids (41%) saponified oil is added to the blend
vessel.
Stirring is continued for an additional five (5) minutes.
Thereafter, 10 pounds (0.2 wt. %) of glycerin is added to the vessel. Stirring
continues for five (5) minutes.
Thereafter, in a separate vessel, 10 pounds (0.2 wt. %) of a viscosifier, such
as,
but not limited to xanthan, is hydrated in 250 gallons of water.
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CA 02882678 2015-02-20
After hydration of the viscosifier is complete, the solution is added to the
base
solution and stirring continued for an additional 30 minutes.
Additional blend water is added to a total weight of four thousand one hundred
seventy (4,170) pounds for a five hundred (500) gallon batch. Stirring is
continued
for fifteen (15) minutes and thereafter the batch is complete.
In preparing the solution, the solution should be a white to a light yellow
with
no separation or settling. The pH of the solution should be about nine point
five (9.5)
point to about ten point five (10.5), including 9.5, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8, 9.9, 10.0,
10.1, 10.2,
10.3, 10.4, and 10.5, depending on water quality. After completion of the
first batch,
the pH is measured and set as the target specification, allowing for plus or
minus point
three (0.3). Two (2) quarts of the completed solution is kept as a quality
control
sample.
In preparing a hand cleaner formulation, a similar procedure is based on a
five
hundred (500) gallon batch and weights are based on a specific gravity for
water of
eight point thirty-four (8.34) pounds per gallon as before
A blending vessel is filled with two hundred and fifty (147) gallons of blend
water. Stirring or circulation is initiated depending on the vessel design.
Thereafter,
approximately 69 gallons (575 pounds/about 13.8 wt. A) of soapberries is
added to
the blend vessel. Stirring is continued until a uniform solution is achieved.
Uniformity typically is achieved in about two (2) to three (3) minutes.
After the solution is uniform, about thirty four gallons (290 pounds/about7.0
wt. %) of forty one percent solids (41%) saponified oil is added to the blend
vessel.
Stirring is continued for an additional five (5) minutes.
Thereafter, 10 pounds (0.2 wt. %) of glycerin is added to the vessel. Stirring
continues for five (5) minutes.
Thereafter, in a separate vessel, 10 pounds (0.2 wt. %) of a viscosifier, such
as,
but not limited to xanthan, is hydrated in 250 gallons of water.
After hydration of the viscosifier is complete, the solution is added to the
base
solution and stirring continued for an additional 30 minutes.
Thereafter additional blend water is added to a total weight of four thousand
one hundred seventy (4,170) pounds for a five hundred (500) gallon batch.
Stirring is
continued for fifteen (15) minutes and thereafter the batch is complete.
In preparing the solution, the solution should be a white to a light yellow
with
no separation or settling. The pH of the solution should be about nine point
five (9.5)
CA 02882678 2015-02-20
point to about ten point five (10.5), including 9.5, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8, 9.9, 10.0,
10.1, 10.2,
10.3, 10.4, and 10.5, depending on water quality. After completion of the
first batch,
the pH is measured and set as the target specification, allowing for plus or
minus point
three (0.3). Two (2) quarts of the completed solution is kept as a quality
control
sample.
EXAMPLE 2
Organic Laundry Detergent
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
An organic laundry detergent includes active components constituting ninety
five percent (95.0%) organic materials by weight, and includes sixty four
percent (64.0%) by weight soapberries, thirty two percent (32.0%) by weight
saponified oil, one percent (1.0%) glycerin by weight, one percent (1.0%)
xanthan by
weight, one percent (1.0%) by weight sodium carbonate and up to one percent
(1.0%)
by weight enzymes. The previously listed components are mixed into water at a
ratio
of twenty one hundredths (0.21) of a pound of total components to one (1.0)
pound of
water.
EXAMPLE 3
Organic Hard Surface Cleaner
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
An organic hard surface cleaner includes active components constituting
ninety five percent (95.0%) organic materials by weight, and includes sixty
five
percent (65.0%) by weight soapberries, thirty three percent (33.0%) by weight
saponified oil, one percent (1.0%) glycerin by weight and one percent (1.0%)
xanthan
by weight. The previously listed components are mixed into water at a ratio of
twenty
one hundredths (0.21) of a pound of total components to one (1.0) pound of
water.
EXAMPLE 4
Organic Hand Soap
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
An organic hand soap includes active components constituting ninety five
percent (95.0%) organic materials by weight, and includes sixty five percent
(65.0%)
by weight soapberries, thirty three percent (33.0%) by weight saponified oil,
one
16
CA 02882678 2015-02-20
percent (1.0%) glycerin by weight and one percent (1.0%) xanthan by weight.
The
previously listed components are mixed into water at a ratio of twenty one
hundredths (0.21) of a pound of total components to one (1.0) pound of water.
EXAMPLE 5
Organic Automatic Dishwashing Detergent
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
An organic automatic dishwashing detergent includes active components
constituting ninety five percent (95.0%) organic materials by weight, and
includes
eighty two percent (82.0%) by weight soapberries, twelve percent (12.0%) by
weight
saponified oil, one point five percent (1.5%) by weight sodium carbonate, two
point
eight percent (2.8%) by weight citric acid and one percent (1.0%) by weight
xanthan.
This composition also can include point seven percent (0.7%) by weight
silicate. The
previously-listed components are mixed into water at a ratio of thirty seven
hundredths (0.37) of a pound of total solution to one (1.0) pound of water.
EXAMPLE 6
Organic Human Shampoo
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
An organic shampoo includes active components constituting ninety five
percent (95.0%) organic materials by weight, and includes sixty five percent
(65.0%)
by weight soapberries, thirty three percent (33.0%) by weight saponified oil,
one
percent (1.0%) glycerin by weight and one percent (1.0%) xanthan by weight.
The
previously listed components are mixed into water at a ratio of twenty one
hundredths (0.21) of a pound of total components to one (1.0) pound of water.
EXAMPLE 7
Organic Animal Shampoo
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
An organic animal shampoo includes active components constituting ninety
five percent (95.0%) organic materials by weight, and includes sixty five
percent (65.0%) by weight soapberries, thirty three percent (33.0%) by weight
saponified oil, one percent (1.0%) glycerin by weight and one percent (1.0%)
xanthan
17
CA 02882678 2015-02-20
by weight. The previously listed components are mixed into water at a ratio of
twenty
one hundredths (0.21) of a pound of total components to one (1.0) pound of
water.
EXAMPLE 8
Automatic Dish Detergent
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
In this example, an automatic dish detergent can be prepared comprising
between about 70% to about 75% by weight soapberries extract, between about
10%
to about 15% by weight saponified oils, between about 0.1% to about 5% by
weight
sodium carbonate, between about 5% to about 15% by weight guar gum, between
about 0.5% to about 2.5% by weight sodium hydroxide, between about 0.5% to
about
2.5% by weight lemongrass, and less than 1% by weight ethyl palmate, silica,
and
organic white thyme oil, not including salt and water.
EXAMPLE 9
Laundry Detergent
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
In this example, a laundry detergent can be prepared comprising between
about 70% to about 85% by weight, soapberries extract, between about 10% to
about
20% by weight saponified oils, between about 0.5% to about 2% by weight guar
gum,
between about 0.5% to about 5% by weight of a first enzyme, e.g., including,
but not
limited to, Medley Core and equivalents, and about 0.5% to about 2.0 A by
weight of
a second enzyme, e.g., including, but not limited to, Celluclean 5000L and
equivalents, and less than 1% hydrogen peroxide, sodium carbonate, calcium
chloride,
white thyme, organic lavender, not including salt and water. Suitable enzymes
suitable for use with the presently disclosed examples include, but are not
limited to,
proteases, amylases, including bacilliary amylases, lipases, mannanases,
pectate
lyases, and cellulases.
EXAMPLE 10
Laundry Detergent
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
In this example, a laundry detergent can be prepared comprising between
about 90% to about 100% by weight saponified oils, between about 0.1% to about
5%
18
CA 02882678 2015-02-20
by weight sodium carbonate, between about 0.5% to about 10% by weight guar
gum,
between about 0.5% and 5% white thyme, and less than 1% soap bark, and organic
lavender, not including salt and water.
EXAMPLE 11
Free and Clear Laundry Detergent
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
In this example, a free and clear laundry detergent can be prepared comprising
between about 70% to about 80% by weight soapberries extract, between about
15%
to about 25% by weight saponified oils, between about 0.5% and about 1.5%
xanthan
gum, between about 0.5% and 1.5% by weight a fist enzyme, e.g., including, but
not
limited to, Celluclean 5000L and equivalents, and less than 1% aragum, a
second
enzyme, e.g., including, but not limited to, Medley Core and equivalents,
sodium
carbonate, calcium chloride, and thyme oil essential oil, not including salt
and water.
EXAMPLE 12
Laundry Detergent
fconcentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
In this example, a laundry detergent can be prepared comprising between
about 20% to about 30% by weight soapberries extract, between about 70% to
about
80% by weight saponified oils, between about 0.5% to about 2% by weight
aragum,
between about 0.5% and about 5% xanthan gum, between about 0.5% and about 2.0%
sodium carbonate, and less than 1% soap bark and organic lavender.
EXAMPLE 13
Laundry Detergent
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
In this example, a laundry detergent can be prepared comprising between
about 0.1% to about 35% by weight soapberries (also referred to herein as
"soap
nuts"), between about 80.1% to about 99% by weight saponified oil, between
about
0.01% to about 10% by weight soap bark, between about 0.01% to about 26% by
weight of one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium
hydroxide,
alkali, and combinations thereof, between about 0.01% to about 12% by weight
calcium chloride or salt derivatives, between about 0.1% to about 15% by
weight
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alcohol, between about 0.01% to about 12% by weight of thickener(s) and/or
viscosifier(s), between about 0.01% to about 25% by weight of one or more
surfactants, between about 0.1% to about 7.5% by weight of one or more
preservatives, between about 0.1% to about 12% by weight of
peroxide(s)/oxidant(s),
and between 0.1% to about 12% of one or more fragrances, including essential
oils,
emulsions, hydrosols, or similar fragrances.
EXAMPLE 14
Laundry Detergent
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
In this example, a laundry detergent can be prepared comprising between
about 0.1% to about 35% by weight soapberries (also referred to herein as
"soap
nuts"), between about 55.1% to about 80% by weight saponified oil, between
about
0.01% to about 10% by weight soap bark, between about 0.01% to about 26% by
weight of one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium
hydroxide,
alkali, and combinations thereof, between about 0.01% to about 12% by weight
calcium chloride or salt derivatives, between about 0.1% to about 15% by
weight
alcohol, between about 0.01% to about 12% by weight of thickener(s) and/or
viscosifier(s), between about 0.01% to about 25% by weight of one or more
surfactants, between about 0.1% to about 7.5% by weight of one or more
preservatives, between about 0.1% to about 12% by weight of
peroxide(s)/oxidant(s),
and between 0.1% to about 12% of one or more fragrances, including essential
oils,
emulsions, hydrosols, or similar fragrance.
EXAMPLE 15
Laundry Detergent
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
In this example, a laundry detergent can be prepared comprising between
about 0.1% to about 35% by weight soapberries (also referred to herein as
"soap
nuts"), between about 18% to about 55% by weight saponified oil, between about
0.01% to about 10% by weight soap bark, between about 0.01% to about 26% by
weight of one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium
hydroxide,
alkali, and combinations thereof, between about 0.01% to about 12% by weight
calcium chloride or salt derivatives, between about 0.1% to about 15% by
weight
CA 02882678 2015-02-20
alcohol, between about 0.01% to about 12% by weight of thickener(s) and/or
viscosifier(s), between about 0.01% to about 25% by weight of one or more
surfactants, between about 0.1% to about 7.5% by weight of one or more
preservatives, between about 0.1% to about 12% by weight of
peroxide(s)/oxidant(s),
and between 0.1% to about 12% of one or more fragrances, including essential
oils,
emulsions, hydrosols, or similar fragrance.
EXAMPLE 16
Laundry Detergent with Enzymes
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
In this example, a laundry detergent can be prepared comprising between
about 0.1% to about 35% by weight soapberries (also referred to herein as
"soap
nuts"), between about 70.1% to about 99% by weight saponified oil, between
about
0.01% to about 10% by weight soap bark, between about 0.01% to about 20% by
weight of one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium
hydroxide,
alkali, and combinations thereof, between about 0.01% to about 12% by weight
calcium chloride or salt derivatives, between about 0.1% to about 15% by
weight
alcohol, between about 0.01% to about 12% by weight of thickener(s) and/or
viscosifier(s), between about 0.01% to about 25% by weight of one or more
surfactants, between about 0.1% to about 7.5% by weight of one or more
preservatives, between about 0.1% to about 12% by weight of
peroxide(s)/oxidant(s),
between about 0.1% to about 30% enzymes, and between 0.1% to about 12% of one
or more fragrances, including essential oils, emulsions, hydrosols, or similar
fragrance. Suitable enzymes suitable for use with the presently disclosed
examples
include, but are not limited to, proteases, amylases, including bacilliary
amylases,
lipases, mannanases, pectate lyases, and cellulases.
EXAMPLE 17
Laundry Detergent with Enzymes
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
In this example, a laundry detergent can be prepared comprising between
about 0.1% to about 35% by weight soapberries (also referred to herein as
"soap
nuts"), between about 55.1% to about 70% by weight saponified oil, between
about
0.01% to about 10% by weight soap bark, between about 0.01% to about 20% by
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weight of one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium
hydroxide,
alkali, and combinations thereof, between about 0.01% to about 12% by weight
calcium chloride or salt derivatives, between about 0.1% to about 15% by
weight
alcohol, between about 0.01% to about 12% by weight of thickener(s) and/or
viscosifier(s), between about 0.01% to about 25% by weight of one or more
surfactants, between about 0.1% to about 7.5% by weight of one or more
preservatives, between about 0.1% to about 12% by weight of
peroxide(s)/oxidant(s),
between about 0.1% to about 30% enzymes, and between 0.1% to about 12% of one
or more fragrances, including essential oils, emulsions, hydrosols, or similar
fragrance. Suitable enzymes suitable for use with the presently disclosed
examples
include, but are not limited to, proteases, amylases, including bacilliary
amylases,
lipases, mannanases, pectate lyases, and cellulases.
EXAMPLE 18
Laundry Detergent with Enzymes
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
In this example, a laundry detergent can be prepared comprising between
about 0.1% to about 35% by weight soapberries (also referred to herein as
"soap
nuts"), between about 18% to about 55% by weight saponified oil, between about
0.01% to about 10% by weight soap bark, between about 0.01% to about 20% by
weight of one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium
hydroxide,
alkali, and combinations thereof, between about 0.01% to about 12% by weight
calcium chloride or salt derivatives, between about 0.1% to about 15% by
weight
alcohol, between about 0.01% to about 12% by weight of thickener(s) and/or
viscosifier(s), between about 0.01% to about 25% by weight of one or more
surfactants, between about 0.1% to about 7.5% by weight of one or more
preservatives, between about 0.1% to about 12% by weight of
peroxide(s)/oxidant(s),
between about 0.1% to about 30% enzymes, and between 0.1% to about 12% of one
or more fragrances, including essential oils, emulsions, hydrosols, or similar
fragrance. Suitable enzymes suitable for use with the presently disclosed
examples
include, but are not limited to, proteases, amylases, including bacilliary
amylases,
lipases, mannanases, pectate lyases, and cellulases.
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EXAMPLE 19
Automatic Dish Detergent
(concentrated ingredient % by weight, excludes water)
In this example, an automatic dish detergent can be prepared comprising
between about 0.1% to about 35% by weight soapberries (also referred to herein
as
"soap nuts"), between about 0.1% to about 35% by weight surfactant(s), between
about 0.01% to about 35% by weight of one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium
hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, alkali, and combinations thereof, between
about
0.1% to about 35% by weight saponified oil, between about 0.1% to about 55% by
weight alcohol, between about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of one or more
preservatives, between about 0.01% to about 10% by weight calcium chloride or
salt
derivatives, between about 0.1% to about 35% by weight of thickener(s) and/or
viscosifier(s), and between 0.1% to about 12% of one or more fragrances,
including
essential oils, emulsions, hydrosols, or similar fragrance.
In particular embodiments, the automatic dish detergent can be prepared
comprising between about 0.1% to about 35% by weight soapberries , between
about
0.1% to about 35% by weight saponified oils, between about 0.1% to about 35%
by
weight sodium carbonate, between about 0.1% to about 35% by weight guar gum,
between about 0.1% to about 35% by weight sodium hydroxide, between about 0.1%
to about 10% by weight lemongrass, and less than 0.1% to about 55% by weight
surfactants; ethyl palmate, silica and alcohol and less than 0.1% and 10%
thyme oil.
Although the foregoing subject matter has been described in some detail by
way of illustration and example for purposes of clarity of understanding, it
will be
understood by those skilled in the art that certain changes and modifications
can be
practiced within the scope of the appended claims.
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