Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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DESCRIPTION
Mounted reversible plough with swivel limiter
The invention concerns a mounted reversible plough in accordance with the
generic term of patent claim 1.
Mounted reversible ploughs of this type have a plough frame that is slanted
in the working position, which has to be lifted high enough during the
rotating pro-
cedure so that none of the components of the rotating part of the mounted
reversi-
ble plough can collide with the ground. If the mounted reversible plough has
more
than four plough body pairs, frequently all that helps is a swivelling device
with
which the plough frame is swivelled appropriately high enough. Swivelling
usually
means swivelling the slanted plough frame in the direction of the imaginary
exten-
sion of the axis of rotation. If the plough frame is not swivelled
sufficiently here,
components of the reversible plough, such as, for example, the support wheel
or
the rear end of the plough frame, can come into contact with the ground and be
damaged. If the plough frame is swivelled in too much, the plough frame or
parts
of the rotating part of the reversible plough can hit the plough beam or the
turning
tool and also cause damage. A mounted reversible plough of this type can be
seen in the German utility model GM 77 26 689. Here, the plough frame is swiv-
elled via a hydraulic cylinder, whereby the swivelling movements in and out
can be
limited conditionally by limit stops. However, if the width of the front
furrow is ad-
justed, the clearance between the rotating part of the plough and the ground
is
adjusted as well at least. Another mounted reversible plough, in which the
plough
frame is swivelled before the half-turn plough frame position is reached, can
be
seen in the German patent registration DE 3 151 302 Al. Here, the swivelling
height differs in dependence on the setting of the front furrow width. An
adjustment
of the front furrow width leads to an adjustment to the same extent of the
lifting
height. In particular an increase in the front furrow width reduces here the
lifting
height by the same amount and thus the clearance between the rotating part of
the
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mounted reversible plough and the ground. For this purpose, the hydraulic
cylinder
for swivelling the plough frame must have a correspondingly large working
stroke.
Conversely, the parts of the rotating part of the mounted reversible plough
must be
arranged at a sufficiently large distance from the plough beam so that they
cannot
collide with the plough beam. Mounted reversible ploughs and so-called hybrid
ploughs with electronic controls are also known in which the swivelling
movement
of the plough frame is registered by means of sensors. The swivelling movement
is not ended until the plough frame has reached a given sufficiently wide
swivelled
position. However, solutions of this type for limiting the swivelling movement
are
relatively expensive and maintenance intensive with regard to both software
and
hardware.
The task of the invention is to create a mounted reversible plough in which
the rotating part of the plough frame always has a sufficient clearciance from
the
ground during the rotating process, in which a clearance that is as uniform as
pos-
sible is achieved between the rotating part of the plough frame and the ground
during the rotating process, in which the rotating part of the plough frame
always
has a favourable clearance from the centre of gravity to the plough beam, that
is,
is located extremely close to the plough beam, in which during the rotating
process
the rotating part of the plough frame cannot collide with stationary parts of
the
plough beam or of the turning tools and in which overall the swivelling
limiter is
designed simply and at low cost.
The task of the invention is solved with the characteristics of patent claim
1.
Through the instantaneous centre of rotation that is generated at the mo-
ment of stopping in the area of the mounted reversible plough, which has
approx-
imately the same horizontal clearance to the plough beam in the direction of
travel
as the rotating part of the mounted reversible plough, which has the lowest
vertical
clearance from the ground during the rotating process, it is ensured that
practically
all adjustments on the mounted reversible plough with regard to front furrow
width,
traction point and working width per plough body have to the greatest extent
no
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effect on the lifting height of the plough frame or the clearance that remains
be-
tween the rotating part of the mounted reversible plough and the ground. The
freewheel of the limit stop ensures that after a limited swivelling movement
in the
swivelling direction the outward swivelling movement in the opposite direction
can
be carried out freely, that is, it is not limited by the limit stop.
A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the adjusting device
consists of a converging steering gear, which consists of a supporting main
link
and an additional link, whose imaginary extensions intersect in front of the
plough
beam, preferably at the distance from the plough beam in the direction of
travel at
which the imaginary extensions of the tractor's lower links intersect, whereby
the
position of the main link and of the additional link of the converging
steering gears
can be changed via an adjusting link and a change to the setting of the
adjusting
links leads to a swivelling of the plough frame around a second centre of
rotation,
which is formed from the instantaneous centre of rotation of the converging
steer-
ing gears with the main link and the additional link. Because of this
arrangement of
the converging steering gears, each change of the position of this converging
steering gear by means of the adjusting link leads to a change in the position
of
the plough beam, the tractor's lower links and of the traction point that is
formed by
the point of intersection or instantaneous centre of rotation of the imaginary
exten-
sions of the tractor's lower links, but a preset front furrow width is not
changed.
The advantage of an adjusting device in which a preset front furrow width is
not
changed through a change to the traction point can be integrated into the
solution
in accordance with the invention.
The invention provides advantageously that the limit stop is designed as a
tension link with which the swivelling in of the plough frame is limited,
whereby the
imaginary extension of the tension links and the imaginary extension of the
main
link intersect behind the plough beam, preferably in the area of the rotating
part of
the mounted reversible plough that has the lowest clearance to the ground
during
the rotating process. This arrangement ensures that on adjustments the plough
frame or the rotating part of the plough swivels around the point of
intersection
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using the adjusting link. Because the most critical, that is, the narrowest,
area for
the clearance between plough and ground is located there, which, however, is
not
affected by the adjustments, these adjustments and other adjustments as well
do
not have any effect on the ground clearance. The tension link is limited as to
its
length and has a freewheel that does not hinder the adjustments of the other
ad-
justing parts that lead among other things to the plough frame pivoting around
the
first centre of rotation.
If the freewheel of the limit stop or of the tension link is designed as a
slot, a
particularly simply constructed embodiment for an effective freewheel is
realised.
The invention provides further advantageously that the tension link is de-
signed as a chain, cable or belt. For constructional reasons, a chain, a cable
or a
belt as well can be employed as the tension link that effectively limit the
swivelling
range, but can also serve as a simple freewheel. Other construction forms are
also
conceivable as tension link with freewheel.
The invention is characterised in particular in that a mounted reversible
plough is created in which the swivelling limiter is constructed simply and
cheaply,
in particular in combination with the steering gear with tension link and the
con-
verging steering gear with additional link. The plough can be set easily, but
also, in
particular on major changes to the existing adjusting devices, always
swivelled in
at a sufficient height, it is compact and simply constructed and does not
place any
great demands on the tractor with regard to the position of the centre of
gravity. In
the rotating process the rotating part of the plough frame always has
sufficient
clearance to the ground and there is always a clearance between the rotating
part
of the plough frame and the ground that remains as constant as possible. It is
also
guaranteed that the rotating part of the plough frame always has a favourable
cen-
tre of gravity clearance to the plough beam and is thus arranged extremely
closely
at the plough beam. In addition, the rotating part of the plough frame cannot
collide
with stationary parts of the plough beam or of the turning tools.
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Further details of the invention can be seen in the figures and in the de-
scriptions of the figures, which show a preferred embodiment of the invention:
Figure 1 shows a top view of the mounted reversible plough in the
5 working position,
Figure 2 shows a side view of the mounted reversible plough in a
semi-
rotated position and
Figure 3 shows a further top view of the mounted reversible plough
in
the working position.
Figure 1 shows the top view of the mounted reversible plough 1 with a
plough beam 2, the top link attachment points 3, 4 and 5 for the connection
with
the three-point linkage of a tractor that is not shown. The plough beam 2
accom-
modates the rotary shaft 44 with the integrated supporting body 49, on which
the
main link 19 is arranged by means of link bolt 33 and the additional link 20
is ar-
ranged by means of pivot bolt 37 so that they can be swivelled horizontally.
The
plough frame 6 with its frame plate 32 is connected at the rear by means of
link
bolt 34 with the main link 19 and can also be swivelled horizontally. The link
bolt
34 also accommodates the central link 31, which is connected at the outside
with
the additional link 20 by means of pivot bolt 38. The main link 19 and the
additional
link 20 form a converging steering gear 18 whose position can be changed using
the adjusting link 23. The adjusting link 23 is connected with bolt 35 to the
main
link 19 and at a distance from link bolt 34 to the frame plate 32 or to the
plough
frame 6 by means of bolt 36. The hydraulic cylinder 41 is connected at central
link
31 by means of bolt 42 and at the rear to the support plates 32 by means of
bolt
43. The working width of the plough bodies 7 that are arranged rotatable on
the
plough frame 6 can be changed via the hydraulic cylinder 41, the steering 50
and
the control rod 51. The parking stand 40 is fastened to the supporting body 49
by
means of the bolts 37 and optionally as well the tension link 24 that acts as
limit
stop 12, but which for the sake of simplicity is linked swivelling with the
reinforced
hose connections 47 or with the functionally comparable bearing pins 52 of the
hydraulic cylinder 10 that acts as an additional link 20. Further details of
tension
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link 24 can be seen in the description of Figure 3. The plough frame 6 or the
rotat-
ing part of the plough frame 14 is rotated via the hydraulic cylinder 30,
which en-
gages at rotary shaft 44 and is supported by plough beam 2.
Figure 2 shows a side view of the mounted reversible plough 1 in a half-
rotated position, with a plough frame 6 that is swivelled in completely by
swivelling
device 9. The plough frame 6 with its frame plate 32, the main link 19 and the
ad-
justing link 23 forms a unit here that is swivelled in by hydraulic cylinder
10 that
serves as additional link 20 around the first centre of rotation 11 to achieve
suffi-
cient clearance between the rotating part 14 of the mounted reversible plough
1
and the ground 45. The swivelling movement and the swivelling path are limited
by
means of limit stop 12. Tension link 24, which is connected swivelling in the
area
of the pivot bolt 37 with the hose connections 47 of the hydraulic cylinder
10, acts
here as limit stop 12. The tension link 24 is connected at the rear with the
frame
plate 32 with stop bolt 39. Together with the main link 19 the tension link 24
forms
a steering gear 15 that is only effective at the moment that the swivelling
move-
ment of plough frame 6 is limited and forms an instantaneous centre of
rotation 16.
In this case, this instantaneous centre of rotation 16 is located behind the
second
plough body 7 at a distance from the plough beam 2 at which in the normal case
with a four-furrow mounted reversible plough 1 the lowest point between the
sup-
port wheel 27 and the ground 45 is located during the rotating process. There
are
several drill holes 53 in the frame plate 32 for the connection with the
tension link
24 that are intended for the stop bolt 39. By means of an appropriate
selection of
the drill hole 53 the convergence of the main link 19 and of the tension links
24 to
one another can be changed and thus the position of the instantaneous centre
of
rotation 16 that becomes instantaneous centre of rotation 16', which is
positioned
further to the rear. Here, the tension link 24 has a freewheel 13 formed as a
slot
26, which does not prevent a swivelling out movement of the plough frame 6 or
adjustments during work with regard to front furrow width by means of the addi-
tional link 20, with regard to the traction point by means of the adjusting
link 23 or
changes to the working width per body by means of the hydraulic cylinder 41.
All
possible adjustments, for example to the front furrow width and the traction
point
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by means of the adjusting device 8 and also to the working width per body with
the
control devices 20, 23 and 41, take effect at the moment of the swivelling
limit
through the tension link 24 in such a way that the position of the plough
frame 6
with regard to the distance from the ground 45 does in fact change, but not in
the
area of the rear instantaneous centre of rotation 16 or 16', which is formed
from
the point of intersection of the imaginary extension 21 of the main link 19
with the
imaginary extension 25 of the tension link 24. Expediently, the position of
the ten-
sion link 24 is chosen so that the instantaneous centre of rotation 16 is
positioned
where the lowest distance between the rotating part 14 of the mounted
reversible
plough 1 and the ground 45 is found during the rotating process. Usually, the
sup-
port wheel 27 that swivels around during the rotating process forms the lowest
point of the rotating part 14 of the mounted reversible plough 1. In Figure 2
the
swivelling support wheel 27 has reference number 46 and is shown with dashes.
The lowest point is frequently found in the middle area 17 of the rotating
part 14 of
the plough frame 6 at the same distance from plough beam 2 as for example with
a mounted reversible plough with four pairs of plough bodies 7 or with five
pairs of
plough bodies 7. This means that the tension link 24 must be positioned so
that it
forms the instantaneous centre of rotation 16 or 16' there with the main link
19 at
the moment of the swivel stop. However, with larger mounted reversible ploughs
1,
for example with six pairs or seven pairs of plough bodies 7, the
instantaneous
centre of rotation 16 or 16' must be positioned more in the rear area of the
mount-
ed reversible plough 1, because then the lowest point of the swivelling
support
wheel 46 is found in a position displaced to the rear seen in the direction of
travel
48. The tension link 24 must then be connected with the appropriate drill hole
53 of
frame plate 32 by means of stop bolt 39.
Figure 3 shows a further top view of the mounted reversible plough 1 in
working position. It also makes the position of the converging steering gears
18
with the main link 19 and the additional link 20 clear, whose imaginary
extensions
21 and 22 intersect in front of plough beam 2 and form the instantaneous
centre of
rotation 28. Preferably, in the direction of travel 48 the instantaneous
centre of ro-
tation 28 should be at the same distance from the plough beam 2 as the point
of
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intersection of the imaginary extensions of the tractor's lower link. The
additional
link 20 must then be arranged correspondingly to the main link 19. On a change
of
the position of the steering gear 18 by means of adjusting link 23, the plough
frame 6 or the rotating part 14 of the mounted reversible plough 1 swivel
kinemati-
cally around the second centre of rotation 29, which also forms the
instantaneous
centre of rotation 28. This ensures that after an adjustment of the front
furrow
width by means of additional link 20 a traction point adjustment is enabled
that, as
is generally known, does not lead to a change to the front furrow width.
