Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
1
A CARTRIDGE AND A TEAT CUP
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention refers generally to teatcups to be attached to the teats
of animals to be
milked. More precisely, the present invention refers to a cartridge configured
to be received
in a connector of a teatcup to be attached to a teat of an animal to be
milked, the cartridge
comprising a sleeve having an upper end and a lower end, a teatcup liner
mounted in the
sleeve and having an inner space for receiving said teat, and a pulsation
chamber provided
between an inner side of the sleeve and an outer side of the teatcup liner,
wherein the teatcup
liner comprises an upper end portion located at the upper end of the sleeve, a
barrel portion
and a lower end portion extending beyond the lower end of the sleeve, wherein
the lower end
portion forms an end nozzle extending beyond the lower end of the sleeve and
having a
circumferential external surface. The present invention also refers to a
teatcup to be attached
to a teat of an animal to be milked.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION AND PRIOR ART
Teatcups used today typically consists of two separate main parts, a shell and
a teatcup liner
mounted in the shell. A pulsation chamber is provided between the shell and
the teatcup liner.
The teatcup liner is an article of consumption that is subjected to wear, and
thus has to be
replaced on a regular basis. The replacement of the teatcup liner is a time-
consuming and
difficult work, requiring dismounting of the teatcup liner from the shell and
mounting of a new
teatcup liner in the shell.
Traditionally, the teatcup liner forms one single part together with a milk
conduit, typically a
so called short milk conduit. In order to enable replacement of only the
barrel of the teatcup
liner, it is know to produce teatcup liners being separate from the milk
conduit. In such
teatcups, the teatcup liner and a shell may form a cartridge to be connected
to the milk conduit
via an outlet nipple provided in a casing for receiving the cartridge, see for
instance US-
2,502,956 or EP-511723.
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2
In these prior art solutions, a difficulty exists with regard to the
connection of the teatcup liner
to the separate milk conduit. Especially, it is difficult to provide an easy
mounting and
dismounting of the cartridge to the casing and the milk conduit without
leakage.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the present invention is to overcome the problems discussed
above and to
provide a cartridge that enables a convenient and tight connection of a
teatcup liner to a milk
conduit. More specifically, it is an object of the present invention to
provide a cartridge that
permits easy dismounting and replacement of the teatcup liner and thus
minimising of the
time needed for the replacement without negatively influencing the hygienic
properties of the
teatcup.
According to an aspect of the present invention there is provided a cartridge
configured to be
received in a connector of a teatcup to be attached to a teat of an animal to
be milked, the
cartridge comprising
a sleeve having an upper end and a lower end,
a teatcup liner mounted in the sleeve and having an inner space for receiving
said
teat, and
a pulsation chamber provided between an inner side of the sleeve and an outer
side
of the teatcup liner,
wherein the teatcup liner comprises
an upper end portion located at the upper end of the sleeve,
a barrel portion and
a lower end portion extending beyond the lower end of the sleeve,
wherein the lower end portion forms an end nozzle extending beyond the lower
end
of the sleeve and having a circumferential external surface,
wherein an annular seal element is provided at the circumferential external
surface
and configured to seal between the lower end nozzle and the connector,
Date Recue/Date Received 2020-08-19
2a
wherein the annular seal element is attached to the end nozzle by a permanent
joint,
wherein the connector comprises an outlet nipple defining an outlet channel,
and
wherein the annular seal element is configured to provide a tight transition
for a milk
channel for transport of milk from the inner space to the outlet channel.
Such a cartridge may be easily replaced and mounted in a connector connected
to a milk
conduit by introducing the end nozzle into the connector. The annular seal
element may
ensure a tight abutment of the end nozzle against the connector. Solely by
pressing the end
nozzle into the connector a secure and tight connection will be achieved.
Consequently, the
milk may flow in a reliable manner from the teatcup liner into the milk
conduit connected to
the connector.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the connector comprises a
connection
space for receiving the cartridge, and a bottom wall, which delimits the
connection space and
through which the outlet channel extends, wherein the annular seal element is
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provided at the bottom wall to seal between the bottom wall and the
end nozzle.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the end nozzle
has a tapering external shape. Advantageously, the end nozzle may
have a tapering internal shape. Thanks to such an internal shape, a
smooth and even milk flow from the teatcup liner into the milk
conduit during milking may be ensured.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the annular seal
element is attached to the end nozzle by a permanent joint. Such a
permanent joint may be formed by melting of at least one of the first
material and the second material at the permanent joint. The
melting, or welding, may secure a reliable and permanent joint
between the lower end portion and the annular seal element.
Advantageously, the annular seal element extends around the
circumferential external surface. Furthermore, the annular seal
element may be attached to the circumferential external surface.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the annular seal
element comprise a sloping zone sloping inwardly and downwardly
towards the longitudinal centre axis x. For instance, the sloping
zone may be conical. Advantageously, an inner zone having a
smaller angle of inclination may be provided Inside the sloping
zone.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the annular seal
element is made of a first material having a relatively high elasticity,
and the lower end portion is made of a second material having a
relatively low elasticity in comparison with the relatively high
elasticity of the first material. Advantageously, the first material is
different from the second material, or in other words may have a
different composition than the second material. By making the lower
end portion and thus the end nozzle in a less elastic material, i.e. a
more rigid or stiff material, than the annular seal element, the end
nozzle may be easily guided to a correct position in the connector.
The barrel portion may be made of a third material having a
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relatively high elasticity in comparison with the relatively low
elasticity of the second material. Advantageously, the barrel portion
may be attached to the lower end portion by a permanent joint. Also
this permanent joint may be formed by melting of at least one of the
second material and the third material at the permanent joint.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the lower end
portion comprises a lower engagement member which engages the
sleeve in such a manner that the barrel portion of the teatcup liner
is maintained in a stretched state in the sleeve. In the stretched
state, the teatcup liner is prolonged in comparison with a rest state
in which it is not mounted in the shell and thus not subjected to any
external forces.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the lower
engagement member comprises, or is formed by, a lower annular
flange extending outwardly and abutting an end surface of the lower
end of the sleeve. Preferably, the lower annular flange has a
diameter that is greater the inner diameter of the lower end of the
sleeve.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the sleeve
comprises a sealing ring extending around an outer surface of the
sleeve, and a hole through the sleeve, which hole is configured to
permit a pulsating vacuum to be applied in the pulsation chamber
and which hole is provided between the sealing ring and the lower
end of the sleeve.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the cartridge
comprises a lip member provided at the upper end portion of the
teatcup liner and forming a lip defining an opening for the teat.
Advantageously, the lip member may be detachably attached to the
teatcup liner, or possibly to the sleeve, by a snap connection. Such
a snap connection permits easy dismounting and replacement of
the lip member.
5
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a
teatcup to be
attached to a teat of an animal to be milked comprising a connector and a
cartridge to be
received in the connector, the cartridge being as described herein.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the connector comprises a
connection
space for receiving the cartridge, and a bottom wall which delimits the
connection space and
through which the outlet channel extends, wherein the annular seal element is
provided at
the bottom wall to seal between the bottom wall and the end nozzle.
Advantageously, the
bottom wall may comprise a sloping area sloping outwardly and downwardly from
the outlet
channel, i.e. the bottom wall may have an outwardly sloping area which extends
around the
outlet channel and against which the annular seal element is pressed.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the connector comprises a
connection
space for receiving the cartridge and a pulse nipple forming a pulse channel
to the connection
space and wherein the sleeve comprises a hole permitting communication between
the
connection space and the pulsation chamber.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention will now be explained more closely by means of a
description of various
embodiments and with reference to the drawings attached hereto.
Fig 1 discloses a longitudinal section of a teatcup connected to a milk
conduit.
Fig 2 discloses an exploded longitudinal section of a cartridge of the
teatcup in Fig
1.
Fig 3 discloses a section of a connector of the teatcup in Fig 1.
Fig 4 discloses a section of a lower end portion of a teatcup liner of
the cartridge.
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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS EMBODIMENTS OF THE
INVENTION
Fig 1 discloses a teatcup to be attached to a teat of an animal to be
milked. The teatcup comprises a cartridge 1 and a connector 2. The
teatcup may also comprise a lip member 3. In addition, the teatcup
may comprise or be connected to a milk conduit 4, such as a so
called long milk conduit. Moreover, the teatcup may comprise or be
connected to a pulse conduit 5, such as a so called long pulse
conduit.
A longitudinal centre axis x extends through and along the teatcup,
i.e. the cartridge 1, the connector 2 and the lip member 3. The
longitudinal centre axis x also extends through and along an upper
part of the milk conduit 4 when it is in a rest state as disclosed in
Fig. 1.
The cartridge 1, see also Fig 2, comprises a sleeve 6 having an
upper end 6a and a lower end 6b, and a teatcup liner 7 mounted in
the sleeve 6. In Figs 1 and 2, the cartridge is shown in a mounted
state, i.e. the teatcup liner 7 is mounted in the sleeve 6. The
teatcup liner 7 has or forms an inner space 8 for receiving the teat.
A pulsation chamber 9 is provided or formed between an inner side
of the sleeve 6 and an outer side of the teatcup liner 7.
The teatcup liner 7 comprises an upper end portion 7a located at
the upper end 6a of the sleeve 6, a barrel portion 7c and a lower
end portion 7b located at the lower end of the sleeve 6. The barrel
portion 7c is an intermediate tubular portion provided between and
adjoining the upper end portion 7a and the lower end portion 7b.
The barrel portion 7c is the main part of the teatcup liner 7 and is in
contact with the teat of the animal during milking.
The lower end portion lb extends from a position within the sleeve
6 away from and beyond the lower end 6b of the sleeve 6. The
lower end portion 7b forms an end nozzle 10, see also Fig 4. The
end nozzle 10 is the part of the lower end portion 7b that extends
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beyond the lower end 6b of the sleeve 6. The end nozzle 10 forms
an outlet from the inner space 8. The end nozzle 10 has a
circumferential external surface 10a. An annular seal element 11 is
provided at and extends around the circumferential external surface
10a. The annular seal element 11 is configured to seal between the
lower end nozzle 10 and the connector 2.
The end nozzle 10 has a tapering external shape, i.e. the
circumferential external surface 10a is tapering towards the lower
end. In particular, the circumferential external surface 10a is conical
at least at a substantial part thereof.
The end nozzle 10 also has a tapering internal shape forming a
tapering outlet for the milk from the inner space 8 of the teatcup
liner 7.
In the embodiments disclosed, the annular seal element 11 is
attached to the end nozzle 10 by a permanent joint 12, especially to
the circumferential external surface 10a. Such a permanent joint 12
may be formed by a melt joint, a weld joint or a chemical bonding
between the first material and the second material.
The annular seal element 11 is made of a first material, which is
deformable and has a relatively high elasticity. The lower end
portion 7b, i.e. the end nozzle 10, is made of a second material,
which is different from the first material and has a different
composition. The second material has a relatively low elasticity in
comparison with the relatively high elasticity of the first material.
The annular seal element 11 comprises a sloping zone 11a sloping
inwardly and downwardly towards the longitudinal centre axis x in a
disconnected state, see Figs 2 and 4. The sloping zone 1 1 a
extends around the annular seal element 11. The sloping zone 11 a
may be conical. The inclination angle a of the sloping zone 11a may
be 15 - 450, preferably 20 - 40 , more preferably 25 - 35 , for
instance 28 .
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Inside the sloping zone 11a, an inner zone 11b having a smaller
angle of inclination, for instance -5 - +5 , especially 00, Le. a
substantially flat inner zone 11b, may be provided.
The barrel portion 7c is made of a third material, which is different
from the second material and has a different composition. The third
material has a relatively high elasticity in comparison with the
relatively low elasticity of the second material. The barrel portion 7c
is attached to the lower end portion 7b by a permanent joint.
The first material may consist of or comprise rubber, black rubber,
silicone rubber, elastic polymers, such as Thermoplastic
Elastomers, TPE, or any other suitable elastic material.
The second material may consist of or comprise a suitable polymer
with low elasticity, such as polyeten, polypropene, etc.
The third material may consist of or comprise rubber, black rubber,
silicone rubber, elastic polymers, such as Thermoplastic
Elastomers, TPE, or any other suitable elastic material.
The upper end portion 7a is made of a fourth material having a
relatively low elasticity in comparison with the relatively high
elasticity of the third material of the barrel portion 7c. The fourth
material may be a material having similar or the same composition
and/or properties as the second material of the lower end portion
7b.
The barrel portion 7c is attached to the lower end portion 7b by a
lower permanent joint 13. Such a permanent joint 13 may be formed
by a melt joint, a weld joint or a chemical bonding between the
second material and the third material.
The barrel portion 7c is also attached to the upper end portion 7a
by an upper permanent joint 14. Such a permanent joint 14 may be
formed by a melt joint, a weld joint or a chemical bonding between
the third material and the fourth material.
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The lower and/or upper permanent joints 13, 14 my be formed by
melting of at least one of the materials at the permanent joint. The
lower and/or upper permanent joints 13, 14 may also be obtained
through vulcanisation.
Alternatively, the barrel portion 7c and the lower end portion 7b
and/or the upper end portion 7a are made of the same material, for
instance in one single piece, preferably through injection moulding.
The sleeve 6 is made of a fifth material having a relatively low
elasticity. The fifth material may be a material having similar or the
same composition and/or properties as the second material.
The lower end portion 7b of the teatcup liner 7 comprises a lower
engagement member 15, which engages the sleeve 6 in such a
manner that the barrel portion 7c of the teatcup liner 7 is
maintained in a stretched state in the sleeve 6. The lower
engagement member 15 comprises, or is formed as, an annular
flange extending outwardly at least beyond an inner diameter of an
end surface of the lower end 6b of the sleeve 6. The annular flange
of the lower end portion 7b may extend radially or substantially
radially outwardly with respect to the longitudinal centre axis x. The
annular flange of the lower end portion 7b extends beyond and
abuts the end surface of the lower end 61a of the sleeve 6.
The upper end portion 7a of the teatcup liner 7 comprises an upper
engagement member 16, which engages the sleeve 6 at the upper
end 6a of the sleeve 6. The upper engagement member 16
comprises, or is formed as, an upper annular flange extending
outwardly at least beyond an inner diameter of an end surface of
the upper end 6a of the sleeve 6. The annular flange of the upper
engagement member 16 may extend radially or substantially
radially outwardly with respect to the longitudinal centre axis x. In
the embodiment disclosed, the annular flange of the upper
engagement member 16 of the upper end portion 7a abuts an
outwardly bent part of the first material of the barrel portion 7c,
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which in turn abuts the end surface of the upper end 6a of the
sleeve 6.
The sleeve 6 comprises a sealing ring 17 extending around an outer
5 surface of the sleeve 6. The sealing ring 17 is configured to engage
a surface, especially an end surface, of the connector 2, as will be
described below.
Moreover, the sleeve 6 comprises a hole 18 through the sleeve 6,
10 or more precisely through the wall of the sleeve 6. The hole 18
permits a pulsating vacuum to be applied in the pulsation chamber
9. The hole 18 is provided between the sealing ring 17 and the
lower end 6b of the sleeve 6,
The lip member 3 is in the embodiment disclosed attached to the
upper end portion 7a of the teatcup liner 7, as can be seen in Figs 1
and 2. The lip member 3 is preferably detachably attached to the
cartridge 1 by a snap connection 19. In Fig 2 the lip member 3 is
shown in a detached state with respect to the teatcup liner 7 and
the cartridge 1. Alternatively, the lip member 3 may be detachably
attached to the sleeve 6.
The lip member 3 comprises or forms a lip 20, which surrounds and
defines an opening 21 for the teat to the inner space 8. The lip 20 is
.. also made of a relatively elastic material, possibly a material having
similar or the same composition and/or properties as the third
material of the barrel portion 7c.
It is to be noted that the lip member or the lip 20 as an alternative
may form an integrated part of the teatcup liner 7, preferably by
being permanently joined to the upper end portion 7a, or being
manufactured in one single piece with the teatcup liner 7.
The connector 2, see also Fig 3, comprises a casing 24, which has
a bottom wall 25 and a surrounding wall 26 having an inner surface,
The connector 2, or casing 24, defines a connection space 27,
which is also delimited by the bottom wall 25.
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The connector 2, or the casing 24, comprises an inlet opening 28
for the cartridge 1 to the connection space 27. The cartridge 1 may
be introduced into the connection space 27 through the inlet
opening 28.
Furthermore, the connector comprises an outlet nipple 29 defining
an outlet channel 30 for the milk, The outlet channel 30 extends
through the bottom wall 25. The outlet nipple 29 is configured to be
connected to the milk conduit 4 by being introduced into the milk
conduit 4.
In the embodiment disclosed, the longitudinal centre axis x extends
concentrically through the casing 24 and through the inlet opening
28 and the outlet nipple 29. The bottom wall 25 has a sloping area
25a adjoining the outlet channel 30 and sloping outwardly from the
outlet channel 30. The inclination angle 13 of the sloping area 25a
may be 5 ¨ 20 , preferably 10- 15 , for instance 12 . Outside the
outwardly downwardly sloping area 25a, the bottom wall 25 may
slope outwardly and slightly upwardly. The annular seal element 11
is provided at or adjoins the bottom wall 25 to seal between the
bottom wall 25 and the end nozzle 10, when the cartridge 1 is
introduced into the connection space 27. The bottom wall 25 thus
has an outwardly sloping area 25a against which the inner zone 11b
and the sloping zone 11 a of the annular seal element 11 is pressed.
The connector 2 is connected to the cartridge 1 by means of locking
means. The locking means is provided on the inner surface of the
surrounding wall 26. Corresponding locking means is provided on
the outer side of the sleeve 6. The corresponding locking means is
provided between the sealing ring 17 and the lower end 6b of the
sleeve 6. The locking means may comprise on or more outer
bayonet coupling parts 31 on the inner surface of the casing 24.
The corresponding locking means may comprise one or more inner
bayonet coupling parts 32 on the outer surface of the sleeve 6 of
the cartridge 1. The outer bayonet coupling parts 31 and the inner
bayonet coupling parts 32 form a bayonet coupling permitting
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secure locking of the cartridge 1 in the connector 2, whereby the
end nozzle 10 and the annular seal element 11 is pressed to
abutment, or tight abutment, against the bottom wall 25, so that the
annular seal element 11 is elastically deformed.
Furthermore, the connector 2 comprises an outer shell 34 extending
beyond the inlet opening 28 of the casing 24. The outer shell 34 is
tubular and attached to an end portion 24a of the casing 24. The
purpose of the outer shell 34 is to protect the cartridge 1. The outer
shell 34 may be made of a relatively rigid material, for instance as
plastics or metal, such as stainless steel.
The connector 2 comprises a pulse nipple 35 forming a pulse
channel 36 to the connection space 27. The pulse nipple 35 is
configured to be connected to the pulse conduit 5 by being
introduced into the pulse conduit 5. The pulse conduit 5 thus
communicates with the pulsation camber 9 via pulse channel 36,
the connection space 27 and the hole 18 through the sleeve 6.
The assembling of the teatcup is now to be described. One
assembling step is to produce the cartridge 1, wherein the teatcup
liner 7 is mounted in the sleeve 6. This mounting may be made in
advance. The teatcup liner 7 is then pulled through the sleeve 6,
wherein the lower end portion 7b is introduced at the upper end 6a
of the sleeve and pushed and pulled downwardly so that the lower
end portion 7b passes the lower end 6b until the lower engagement
member 15 snaps outwardly to abutment against the end surface of
the lower end 6 of the sleeve 6. Thanks to the upper engagement
member 16, the upper end portion 7a will not pass through the
upper end 6a of the sleeve 6, but the lower and upper engagement
members 15 and 16 secure that the teatcup liner 7 and its barrel
portion 7c is retained in a stretched state in the sleeve 6. In the
stretched state, the teatcup liner 7 is prolonged in comparison with
a rest state, in which the teatcup liner 7 is not subjected to any
external forces, i.e. before the teatcup liner 7 is mounted in the
shell 6.
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Thereafter the lip member 3 may be attached to the cartridge 1,
wherein the lip member 3 is pressed onto the upper end ea of the
sleeve 6 so that the snap connection 19 locks the lip member 3 in a
detachable manner on the cartridge 1.
The cartridge 1 is a replaceable component, together with or
without the lip member 3, depending on the wear of the lip 21. The
cartridge 1 and the lip member 3 are the components of the teatcup
that are subjected to significant wear.
A further assembling step is the assembling of the connector 1. The
outer shell 34 may be mounted to the casing 24 in advance or after
mounting of the milk conduit 4 and the pulse conduit 5. The milk
conduit 4 is mounted to the connector 2 by the introduction of the
outlet nipple 29 into the milk conduit 4.
In a similar manner, the pulse conduit 5 is mounted to the connector
2 by the introduction of the pulse nipple 35 into the pulse conduit 5.
The teatcup is then present as two main components, in the
disconnected state, namely the cartridge 1 together with the lip
member 3, and the connector 2 together with the milk conduit 4 and
the pulse conduit 5. The milk conduit 4 and the pulse conduit 5 may
be mounted to their respective components of the remaining milking
equipment in any suitable manner.
Finally, these two main components are connected to each other.
The cartridge 1, with or without the lip member 3, is then introduced
into the connection space 27 of the connector 2 until the annular
seal element 11 abuts tightly the bottom wall 25, as explained
above, in a connected state, wherein the annular seal element 11 is
elastically deformed.
In this position of the cartridge 1 vis-a-vis the connector 2, the end
surface of the casing 24 will abut the sealing ring 17 so that the
space formed between the sleeve 6 and the casing 24 is tightly
sealed, thereby permitting proper communication of the pulsating
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vacuum. It is to be noted that the sealing ring 17 alternatively may
be provided on the connector 2, especially on the casing 24 as
indicated in Fig 3.
When the cartridge 1 has reach this position vis-a-vis the milk
conduit, the cartridge is locked in the connector 2, by means of the
bayonet coupling, i.e. the coupling of the outer bayonet coupling
part 31 and the inner bayonet coupling part 32. This coupling may
be achieved through a turning of the cartridge 1 in relation to the
connector 2. It is to be noted that the coupling and locking of the
cartridge 1 to the connector 2 may also be achieved by other
locking means, e.g. a thread connection.
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed
but may be varied and modified within the scope of the following
claims,
The terms "upper" and "lower" used in the description and the
claims refer to the orientation disclosed in the figures and the
approximate orientation when the teatcup is attached to the teat of
an animal.
The annular seal element 11 may alternatively be attached to the
bottom wall 25 or even be a separate element attached between the
end nozzle 10 and the bottom wall 25 by being clamped
there between.
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List of reference signs
1 cartridge
2 connector
5 3 lip member
4 milk conduit
4a first end portion
4b second end portion
4c conduit portion
10 5 pulse conduit
5a attachment end portion
6 sleeve
6a upper end
6b lower end
15 7 teatcup liner
7a upper end portion
7b lower end portion
7c barrel portion
8 inner space
9 pulsation chamber
10 end nozzle
10a circumferential external surface
11 annular seal element
11 a sloping zone
11b inner zone
12 permanent joint
13 lower permanent joint
14 upper permanent joint
15 lower engagement member
16 upper engagement member
17 sealing ring
18 hole
19 snap connection
20 lip
21 opening
24 casing
24a end portion
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25 bottom wall
25a sloping area
26 surrounding wall
27 connection space
28 inlet opening
29 outlet nipple
30 outlet channel
31 outer bayonet coupling part
32 inner bayonet coupling part
34 outer shell
35 pulse nipple
36 pulse channel
