Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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FLAVOURED VAPORISABLE FORMULATION
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present disclosure relates to a flavoured vaporisable formulation,
containers in which
are contained the flavoured vaporisable formulation and to electronic vapour
provision
systems such as electronic vapour delivery systems (e.g. e-cigarettes)
incorporating said
formulation.
BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION
Electronic vapour provision systems such as e-cigarettes generally contain a
reservoir of
liquid which is to be vaporised, typically containing nicotine. When a user
inhales on the
device, a heater is activated to vaporise a small amount of liquid, which is
therefore inhaled
by the user.
The use of e-cigarettes in the UK has grown rapidly, and it has been estimated
that there are
now almost three million people using them in the UK. E-cigarettes typically
deliver a vapour
containing nicotine and/or flavour to the user. For users requiring an
experience of flavoured
inhalation then a flavoured vapour may be provided either in combination with
nicotine or,
indeed, without the delivery of any nicotine.
Current e-cigarette formulations typically utilise glycerol and/or propylene
glycol as the
excipient substances. It is found that that levels of volatile ingredients,
such as flavours and
in particular menthol, in electronic cigarette liquids reduce over time during
storage. The loss
of flavours is found to have a negative impact on sensory experience for
consumers.
Furthermore, the application rate of flavours is constrained by a limited
solubility in the
electronic cigarette base fluid (typically a mixture of glycerol, water and
propylene glycol,
optionally together with nicotine).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In one aspect there is provided a flavoured vaporisable formulation comprising
(i) one or more solvents;
(ii) a flavour; and
(iii) one or more cyclodextrins;
wherein the flavoured vaporisable formulation contains water in an amount of
from 0 to 10
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wt.% based on the vaporisable formulation.
The present invention further provides a process for forming a vapour, the
process
comprising
(a) providing a flavoured vaporisable formulation comprising
(i) one or more solvents;
(ii) a flavour; and
(iii) one or more cyclodextrins;
wherein the flavoured vaporisable formulation contains water in an amount of
from 0
to 10 wt.% based on the vaporisable formulation; and
(b) vaporising the flavoured vaporisable formulation.
The present invention further provides a contained flavoured vaporisable
formulation
comprising
(a) a container; and
(b) a flavoured vaporisable formulation comprising
(i) one or more solvents;
(ii) a flavour; and
(iii) one or more cyclodextrins;
wherein the flavoured vaporisable formulation contains water in an amount of
from 0
to 10 wt.% based on the vaporisable formulation.
The present invention further provides an electronic vapour provision system
comprising:
(a) a vaporiser for vaporising liquid for inhalation by a user of the
electronic vapour provision
system;
(b) a power supply comprising a cell or battery for supplying power to the
vaporiser; and
(c) a flavoured vaporisable formulation comprising
(i) one or more solvents;
(ii) a flavour; and
(iii) one or more cyclodextrins;
wherein the flavoured vaporisable formulation contains water in an amount of
from 0
to 10 wt.% based on the vaporisable formulation.
The present invention further provides a process for reducing loss of flavour
over time of a
flavoured vaporisable formulation
the process comprising the steps of
(a) providing a vaporisable material comprising one or more solvents;
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(b) incorporating into the vaporisable material a flavour and one or more
cyclodextrins to
form the flavoured vaporisable formulation.
The present invention further provides use of one or more cyclodextrins for
reducing loss of
flavour over time of a flavoured vaporisable formulation, wherein the
flavoured vaporisable
formulation comprises
(i) one or more solvents; and
(ii) a flavour.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
As discussed herein the present invention provides a flavoured vaporisable
formulation
comprising (i) one or more solvents; (ii) a flavour; and (iii) one or more
cyclodextrins; wherein
the flavoured vaporisable formulation contains water in an amount of from 0 to
10 wt.%
based on the vaporisable formulation.
The use of cyclodextrins to solubilise hydrophobic drugs has been documented
in the
pharmaceutical industry. Specifically, cyclodextrins have been used where
drugs are
designed for treatment of respiratory diseases and therefore intended for deep
lung
inhalation. Furthermore, the use of cyclodextrins to encapsulate flavours is
known in
consumer products, albeit not for products designed for inhalation.
However, whilst
cyclodextrin has been generally used to address solubility issues, in systems
where solubility
of hydrophobic components is not of concern the use of solubilising agents
such as
cyclodextrin would not be necessary. We have found that in the field of
electronic cigarettes
containing water in an amount of from 0 to 10 wt.% based on the vaporisable
formulation the
use of one or more cyclodextrins can be used to reduce the loss of flavour
over time of a
flavoured vaporisable formulation.
For ease of reference, these and further aspects of the present invention are
now discussed
under appropriate section headings. However, the teachings under each section
are not
necessarily limited to each particular section.
Cyclodextrins
In some aspects of the invention the flavoured vaporisable formulation may
comprises one
or more cyclodextrins (which may be substituted or unsubstituted). In these
aspects, the one
or more cyclodextrins may be selected from the group consisting of
unsubstituted
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cyclodextrins, substituted cyclodextrins and mixtures thereof. In these
aspects, the at least
one cyclodextrin may be an unsubstituted cyclodextrin. In these aspects, the
one or more
cyclodextrins may be selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted
cyclodextrins. In
these aspects, the at least one cyclodextrin may be a substituted
cyclodextrin. In these
aspects, the one or more cyclodextrins may be selected from the group
consisting of
substituted cyclodextrins.
In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are selected from the group
consisting of
unsubstituted (a)-cyclodextrin, substituted (a)-cyclodextrin, unsubstituted
(13)-cyclodextrin,
substituted (13)-cyclodextrin, unsubstituted (y)-cyclodextrin, substituted (y)-
cyclodextrin, and
mixtures thereof.
As discussed herein, we have found that each of the a, 13 and y variants of
cyclodextrin may
be used and the most suitable one may be selected depending on the 'guest'
components,
such as the present flavours, to be complexed.
In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are selected from the group
consisting of
unsubstituted (a)-cyclodextrin, unsubstituted (13)-cyclodextrin, unsubstituted
(y)-cyclodextrin,
and mixtures thereof.
In some aspects of the invention the flavoured vaporisable formulation may
comprises one
or more substituted cyclodextrins. In these aspects, or in aspects in which
the one or more
cyclodextrins may be substituted or unsubstituted, the one or more
cyclodextrins may be
selected from the group consisting of substituted (a) -cyclodextrin,
substituted (13)-
.. cyclodextrin, substituted (y)-cyclodextrin, and mixtures thereof.
In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are selected from the group
consisting of 2-
hyd roxy-propyl-a-cyclodextrin , 2-
hydroxy-propyl-13-cyclodextrin, 2-hyd roxy-propyl-y-
cyclodextrin and mixtures thereof. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins
is at least 2-
hydroxy-propyl-a-cyclodextrin. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins is
at least 2-
hydroxy-propy1-13-cyclodextrin. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins is
at least 2-
hyd roxy-propyl-y-cyclodextri n.
We have found that 2-hydroxy-propyl derivatives of cyclodextrins, such as 2-
hydroxy-propyl-
13-cyclodextrin are particularly preferred since these derivatives have
increased solubility in
water when compared to base cyclodextrins such as 13-cyclodextrin.
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The one or more cyclodextrins may be present in any suitable amount in the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are
present in a total
amount of no greater than 20 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In one
aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of no
greater than 18
wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or
more
cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of no greater than 16 wt.% based
on the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins
are present
in a total amount of no greater than 14 wt.% based on the flavoured
vaporisable formulation.
1.0 .. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a total
amount of no greater than
12 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one
or more
cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of no greater than 10 wt.% based
on the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins
are present
in a total amount of no greater than 9 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable
formulation.
In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of
no greater than
8 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one
or more
cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of no greater than 7 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are
present in a total
amount of no greater than 6 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In one
aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of no
greater than 5 wt.%
based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation.
In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of
at least 1 wt%
based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more
cyclodextrins
are present in a total amount of at least 2 wt.% based on the flavoured
vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a
total amount of at
least 3 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the
one or more
cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of at least 4 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are
present in a total
amount of at least 5 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In
one aspect the
one or more cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of at least 6 wt.%
based on the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins
are present
in a total amount of at least 7 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In one
aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of at least
8 wt.% based
on the flavoured vaporisable formulation.
In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of
from 1 to 20
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wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or
more
cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of from 1 to 18 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are
present in a total
amount of from 1 to 16 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In
one aspect
the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of from 1 to 14
wt.% based on
the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more
cyclodextrins are
present in a total amount of from 1 to 12 wt.% based on the flavoured
vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a
total amount of
from 1 to 10 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one or
more cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of from 1 to 9 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are
present in a total
amount of from 1 to 8 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In
one aspect
the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of from 1 to 7
wt.% based on the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins
are present
in a total amount of from 1 to 6 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In one
aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of from 1
to 5 wt.% based
on the flavoured vaporisable formulation.
In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of
from 2 to 20
wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or
more
cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of from 2 to 18 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are
present in a total
amount of from 2 to 16 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In
one aspect
the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of from 2 to 14
wt.% based on
.. the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more
cyclodextrins are
present in a total amount of from 2 to 12 wt.% based on the flavoured
vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a
total amount of
from 2 to 10 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one or
more cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of from 2 to 9 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are
present in a total
amount of from 2 to 8 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In
one aspect
the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of from 2 to 7
wt.% based on the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more cyclodextrins
are present
in a total amount of from 2 to 6 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In one
aspect the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a total amount of from 2
to 5 wt.% based
on the flavoured vaporisable formulation.
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Solvent
As discussed herein, the flavoured vaporisable formulation comprises one or
more solvents.
The one or more solvents may be any suitable solvents. In one aspect, the one
or more
solvents is selected from water, glycerol, propylene glycol and mixtures
thereof. Other
suitable solvents will be apparent to one skilled in the art.
The one or more solvents may be present in any suitable amount in the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of at least 5 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one or
more solvents is present in a total amount of at least 10 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of at least 15 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one or
more solvents is present in a total amount of at least 20 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of at least 25 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one or
more solvents is present in a total amount of at least 30 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of at least 35 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one or
more solvents is present in a total amount of at least 40 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of at least 45 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one or
more solvents is present in a total amount of at least 50 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of at least 55 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one or
more solvents is present in a total amount of at least 60 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of at least 65 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one or
more solvents is present in a total amount of at least 70 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of at least 75 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one or
more solvents is present in a total amount of at least 80 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of at least 85 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one or
more solvents is present in a total amount of at least 90 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation.
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In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 5
to 99 wt.%
based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more
solvents is
present in a total amount of from 10 to 99 wt.% based on the flavoured
vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in a total
amount of from 15 to
99 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one
or more
solvents is present in a total amount of from 20 to 99 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 25 to 99 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 30 to 99 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 35 to 99 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 40 to 99 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 45 to 99 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 50 to 99 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 55 to 99 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 60 to 99 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 65 to 99 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 70 to 99 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 75 to 99 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 80 to 99 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 85 to 99 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 90 to 99 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation.
In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 5
to 95 wt.%
based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more
solvents is
present in a total amount of from 10 to 95 wt.% based on the flavoured
vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in a total
amount of from 15 to
95 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one
or more
solvents is present in a total amount of from 20 to 95 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 25 to 95 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
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or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 30 to 95 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 35 to 95 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 40 to 95 wt.% based on
the flavoured
.. vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present
in a total amount
of from 45 to 95 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 50 to 95 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 55 to 95 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 60 to 95 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 65 to 95 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 70 to 95 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 75 to 95 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 80 to 95 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 85 to 95 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 90 to 95 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation.
In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 5
to 90 wt.%
based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more
solvents is
present in a total amount of from 10 to 90 wt.% based on the flavoured
vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in a total
amount of from 15 to
90 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one
or more
solvents is present in a total amount of from 20 to 90 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 25 to 90 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 30 to 90 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 35 to 90 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 40 to 90 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 45 to 90 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 50 to 90 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
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of from 55 to 90 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 60 to 90 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 65 to 90 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
.. or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 70 to 90 wt.% based
on the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 75 to 90 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more solvents is present in a total amount of from 80 to 90 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more solvents is present in
a total amount
of from 85 to 90 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation.
As discussed herein, in one aspect the solvent is at least glycerol. The
glycerol may be
present in any suitable amount in the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In
one aspect the
glycerol is present in a total amount of at least 5 wt.% based on the
flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect the glycerol is present in a total amount of at
least 10 wt.% based
on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the glycerol is
present in a total
amount of at least 15 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In
one aspect
the glycerol is present in a total amount of at least 20 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the glycerol is present in a total
amount of at least 25
wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the
glycerol is present in
a total amount of at least 30 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In one
aspect the glycerol is present in a total amount of at least 35 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation.
In one aspect the glycerol is present in a total amount of from 5 to 40 wt.%
based on the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the glycerol is present in a
total amount of
from 10 to 40 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the
glycerol is present in a total amount of from 15 to 40 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the glycerol is present in a total
amount of from 20 to
40 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the
glycerol is
present in a total amount of from 25 to 40 wt.% based on the flavoured
vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect the glycerol is present in a total amount of from
30 to 40 wt.%
based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the glycerol is
present in a
total amount of from 35 to 40 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable
formulation.
As discussed herein, in one aspect the solvent is at least propylene glycol.
The propylene
glycol may be present in any suitable amount in the flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In
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one aspect the propylene glycol is present in a total amount of at least 5
wt.% based on the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the propylene glycol is
present in a total
amount of at least 10 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In
one aspect
the propylene glycol is present in a total amount of at least 15 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the propylene glycol is present in a
total amount of at
least 20 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect
the propylene
glycol is present in a total amount of at least 25 wt.% based on the flavoured
vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect the propylene glycol is present in a total amount
of at least 30
wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the
propylene glycol is
present in a total amount of at least 35 wt.% based on the flavoured
vaporisable formulation.
In one aspect the propylene glycol is present in a total amount of from 5 to
40 wt.% based on
the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the propylene glycol is
present in a total
amount of from 10 to 40 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation.
In one aspect
the propylene glycol is present in a total amount of from 15 to 40 wt.% based
on the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the propylene glycol is
present in a total
amount of from 20 to 40 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation.
In one aspect
the propylene glycol is present in a total amount of from 25 to 40 wt.% based
on the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the propylene glycol is
present in a total
amount of from 30 to 40 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation.
In one aspect
the propylene glycol is present in a total amount of from 35 to 40 wt.% based
on the
flavoured vaporisable formulation.
Water
As discussed herein, the flavoured vaporisable formulation contains water in
an amount of
from 0 to 10 wt.% based on the vaporisable formulation. This amount includes
0% water
based on the vaporisable formulation and therefore the flavoured vaporisable
formulation
may contain water or may not contain water.
In one aspect the flavoured vaporisable formulation contains water. The water
may be
present in any suitable amount in the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In
one aspect water
is present in a total amount of from 0 to 9 wt.% based on the vaporisable
formulation. In one
aspect water is present in a total amount of from 0 to 8 wt.% based on the
vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect water is present in a total amount of from 0 to 7
wt.% based on
the vaporisable formulation. In one aspect water is present in a total amount
of from 0 to 6
wt.% based on the vaporisable formulation. In one aspect water is present in a
total amount
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of from 0 to 5 wt.% based on the vaporisable formulation. In one aspect water
is present in a
total amount of from 0 to 4 wt.% based on the vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect water
is present in a total amount of from 0 to 3 wt.% based on the vaporisable
formulation. In one
aspect water is present in a total amount of from 0 to 2 wt.% based on the
vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect water is present in a total amount of from 0 to 1
wt.% based on
the vaporisable formulation. In one aspect water is present in a total amount
of from 0 to 0.5
wt.% based on the vaporisable formulation. In one aspect water is present in a
total amount
of from 0 to 0.2 wt.% based on the vaporisable formulation. In one aspect
water is present in
a total amount of from 0 to 0.1 wt.% based on the vaporisable formulation. In
one aspect
water is present in a total amount of from 0 to 0.05 wt.% based on the
vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect water is present in a total amount of from 0 to
0.02 wt.% based on
the vaporisable formulation. In one aspect water is present in a total amount
of from 0 to
0.01 wt.% based on the vaporisable formulation. In one aspect water is present
in a total
amount of from 0 to 0.001 wt.% based on the vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect water is
present in a total amount of from 0 to 0.0001 wt.% based on the vaporisable
formulation. In
one aspect water is present in a total amount of from 0 to 0.00001 wt.% based
on the
vaporisable formulation.
In an alternative embodiment, the solvent comprises substantially no water. In
this regard, it
is noted that some formulations may be hygroscopic and as such water ingress
into the
formulation cannot be ruled out. Accordingly, by "substantially no water" it
is meant that the
amount of water present is less than 0.1 wt.% based on the flavoured
vaporisable
formulation.
Flavours
As used herein, the terms "flavour" and "flavourant" refer to materials which,
where local
regulations permit, are add with the intention to create a desired taste or
aroma in a product
for adult consumers. Thus, whilst it is acknowledged that some other
functional components
of the formulation may contain components that have a perceptible flavour or
aroma, such
components are not added for this purpose and as such are not considered to be
a "flavour"
or "flavourant" in the context of the present invention. Furthermore, it will
be understood that
"flavours" or "flavourants" may well composed of one or more individual
compounds that
together form an identifiable flavour. As such, reference here to "flavour" or
''flavourant"
includes both singular and multi-component flavours.
As discussed here the flavoured vaporisable formulation of the present
invention comprises
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one or more flavours.
In one aspect the flavoured vaporisable formulation of the present invention
comprises only
one flavour. In one aspect the flavoured vaporisable formulation of the
present invention
comprises more than one flavour. In one aspect the flavoured vaporisable
formulation of the
present invention comprises two or more flavours. In one aspect the flavoured
vaporisable
formulation of the present invention comprises only two flavours. In one
aspect the flavoured
vaporisable formulation of the present invention comprises three or more
flavours. In one
aspect the flavoured vaporisable formulation of the present invention
comprises only three
flavours. In one aspect the flavoured vaporisable formulation of the present
invention
comprises four or more flavours. In one aspect the flavoured vaporisable
formulation of the
present invention comprises only four flavours. In one aspect the flavoured
vaporisable
formulation of the present invention comprises five or more flavours. In one
aspect the
flavoured vaporisable formulation of the present invention comprises only five
flavours.
In one aspect the one or more flavours are selected from the group consisting
of extracts
(e.g. liquorice, hydrangea, Japanese white bark magnolia leaf, chamomile,
fenugreek, clove,
menthol, Japanese mint, aniseed, cinnamon, herb, wintergreen, cherry, berry,
peach, apple,
Dram buie, bourbon, scotch, whiskey, spearmint, peppermint, lavender,
cardamom, celery,
cascarilla, nutmeg, sandalwood, bergamot, geranium, honey essence, rose oil,
vanilla,
lemon oil, orange oil, cassia, caraway, cognac, jasmine, ylang-ylang, sage,
fennel, piment,
ginger, anise, coriander, coffee, or a mint oil from any species of the genus
Mentha), flavour
enhancers, bitterness receptor site blockers, sensorial receptor site
activators or stimulators,
sugars and/or sugar substitutes (e.g., sucralose, acesulfame potassium,
aspartame,
saccharine, cyclamates, lactose, sucrose, glucose, fructose, sorbitol, or
mannitol), and other
additives such as charcoal, chlorophyll, minerals, botanicals, or breath
freshening agents.
They may be imitation, synthetic or natural ingredients or blends thereof.
They may be in any
suitable form, for example, oil, liquid, or powder.
In one aspect the one or more flavours are selected from the group consisting
of (4-(para-
)methoxypheny1)-2-butanone, vanillin, y-undecalactone, menthone, 5-propenyl
guaethol,
menthol, para-mentha-8-thioI-3- and mixtures thereof.
In one aspect the flavour is at least menthol. In one aspect the flavour is
only menthol. In
one aspect menthol comprises at least 30wt. /0 of the flavours present in the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect menthol comprises at least 40wt. /0 of
the flavours
present in the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect menthol
comprises at least
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50wt.% of the flavours present in the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In
one aspect
menthol comprises at least 60wt. /0 of the flavours present in the flavoured
vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect menthol comprises at least 70wt. /0 of the flavours
present in the
flavoured vaporisable formulation.
In one aspect, at least one of the one or more flavours is hydrophobic. In one
aspect each of
the one or more flavours is hydrophobic.
The one or more flavours may be present in any amount to deliver the desired
flavour to the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are
present in a
total amount of no greater than 10 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In
one aspect the one or more flavours are present in a total amount of no
greater than 9 wt.%
based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more
flavours are
present in a total amount of no greater than 8 wt.% based on the flavoured
vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in a total
amount of no
greater than 7 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more flavours are present in a total amount of no greater than 6 wt.% based
on the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are
present in a
total amount of no greater than 5 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In
one aspect the one or more flavours are present in a total amount of no
greater than 4 wt.%
based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more
flavours are
present in a total amount of no greater than 3 wt.% based on the flavoured
vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in a total
amount of no
greater than 2 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more flavours are present in a total amount of no greater than 1.8wt.%
based on the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are
present in a
total amount of no greater than 1.6 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In
one aspect the one or more flavours are present in a total amount of no
greater than 1.5
wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or
more flavours
are present in a total amount of no greater than 1.4 wt.% based on the
flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in a total
amount of no
greater than 1.3 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more flavours are present in a total amount of no greater than 1,2 wt.%
based on the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are
present in a
total amount of no greater than 1.1 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In
one aspect the one or more flavours are present in a total amount of no
greater than 1 wt.%
based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation.
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In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in a total amount of at
least 0.01 wt.%
based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more
flavours are
present in a total amount of at least 0.02 wt.% based on the flavoured
vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in a total
amount of at least
0.03 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the
one or more
flavours are present in a total amount of at least 0.04 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in
a total amount
of at least 0.05 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more flavours are present in a total amount of at least 0.06 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in
a total amount
of at least 0.07 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more flavours are present in a total amount of at least 0.08 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in
a total amount
of at least 0.09 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more flavours are present in a total amount of at least 0.1 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in
a total amount
of at least 0.2 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one or
more flavours are present in a total amount of at least 0.3 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in
a total amount
of at least 0.4 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one or
more flavours are present in a total amount of at least 0.5 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in
a total amount
of at least 0.6 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one or
more flavours are present in a total amount of at least 0.7 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in
a total amount
of at least 0.8 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one or
more flavours are present in a total amount of at least 0.9 wt.% based on the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation.
In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in a total amount of from
0.01 to 10 wt.%
based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more
flavours are
present in a total amount of from 0.01 to 9 wt.% based on the flavoured
vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in a total
amount of from
0.01 to 8 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect
the one or
more flavours are present in a total amount of from 0.01 to 7 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in
a total amount
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of from 0.01 to 6 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more flavours are present in a total amount of from 0.01 to 5 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in
a total amount
of from 0.01 to 4 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more flavours are present in a total amount of from 0.01 to 3 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in
a total amount
of from 0.01 to 2 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one
or more flavours are present in a total amount of from 0.01 to 1.8vvt. /0
based on the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are
present in a
total amount of from 0.01 to 1.6 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In one
aspect the one or more flavours are present in a total amount of from 0.01 to
1.5 wt.% based
on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more
flavours are present
in a total amount of from 0.01 to 1.4 wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In
one aspect the one or more flavours are present in a total amount of from 0.01
to 1.3 wt.%
based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect the one or more
flavours are
present in a total amount of from 0.01 to 1.2 wt.% based on the flavoured
vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect the one or more flavours are present in a total
amount of from
0.01 to 1.1. wt.% based on the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect the one or
more flavours are present in a total amount of from 0.01 to 1 wt.% based on
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation.
We have found that the addition of the one or more flavours in a molar excess
with respect
to the one or more cyclodextrins may result in the one or more flavours
precipitating from the
formulation. Therefore in one aspect, the one or more cyclodextrins are
present in a molar
excess with respect to the one or more flavours. In one aspect, the molar
ratio of
cyclodextrins to flavours is at least 1.2:1. In one aspect, the molar ratio of
cyclodextrins to
flavours is at least 1.4:1. In one aspect, the molar ratio of cyclodextrins to
flavours is at least
1.6:1. In one aspect, the molar ratio of cyclodextrins to flavours is at least
1.8:1. In one
aspect, the molar ratio of cyclodextrins to flavours is at least 2:1. In one
aspect, the molar
ratio of cyclodextrins to flavours is from 5:1 to 1.5:1. In one aspect, the
molar ratio of
cyclodextrins to flavours is from 4:1 to 1.5:1. In one aspect, the molar ratio
of cyclodextrins to
flavours is from 2:1 to 1.5:1. In one aspect, the molar ratio of cyclodextrins
to flavours is from
2:1 to 1.5:1. In one aspect, the molar ratio of cyclodextrins to flavours is
from 2:1 to 1.2:1.
Flavoured vaporisable formulation
The flavoured vaporisable formulation of the present invention may contain one
or more
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further components. These components may be selected depending on the nature
of the
formulation. In one aspect, the flavoured vaporisable formulation further
comprises an active
agent. By "active agent" it is meant an agent which has a biological effect on
a subject when
the vapour is inhaled. The one or more active agents may be of synthetic or
natural origin.
The active could be an extract from a botanical, such as from a plant in the
tobacco family.
An example active is nicotine.
In one aspect, the active agent is at least nicotine. Thus, the present
invention may provide a
flavoured vaporisable formulation comprising a flavoured vaporisable
formulation comprising
(i) one or more solvents; (ii) a flavour; (iii) one or more substituted
cyclodextrins; and (iv)
nicotine. The present invention may further provide a flavoured vaporisable
formulation
comprising (i) one or more solvents; (ii) a flavour; (iii) one or more
cyclodextrins, wherein the
total content of cyclodextrins is at least 1wt.% based on the vaporisable
formulation; and (iv)
nicotine.
Nicotine may be provided at any suitable amount depending on the desired
dosage to be
inhaled by the user. In one aspect nicotine is present in an amount of no
greater than 6 wt%
based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect nicotine is
present in an amount of from 0.4 to 6 wt% based on the total weight of the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is present in an amount of
from 0.8 to 6 wt%
based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect nicotine is
present in an amount of from 1 to 6 wt% based on the total weight of the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is present in an amount of
from 1.8 to 6 wt%
based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect nicotine is
present in an amount of from 0.4 to 5 wt% based on the total weight of the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is present in an amount of
from 0.8 to 5 wt%
based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect nicotine is
present in an amount of from 1 to 5 wt% based on the total weight of the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is present in an amount of
from 1.8 to 5 wt%
based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect nicotine is
present in an amount of no greater than 4 wt% based on the total weight of the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is present in an amount of
from 0.4 to 4 wt%
based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect nicotine is
present in an amount of from 0.8 to 4 wt% based on the total weight of the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is present in an amount of
from 1 to 4 wt%
based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect nicotine is
present in an amount of from 1.8 to 4 wt% based on the total weight of the
flavoured
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vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is present in an amount of no
greater than 3
wt% based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect
nicotine is present in an amount of from 0.4 to 3 wt% based on the total
weight of the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is present in an
amount of from 0.8
.. to 3 wt% based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In one aspect
nicotine is present in an amount of from 1 to 3 wt% based on the total weight
of the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is present in an amount of
from 1.8 to 3 wt%
based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one
aspect nicotine is
present in an amount of no greater than 1.9 wt% based on the total weight of
the flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is present in an amount of no
greater than
1.8 wt% based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In
one aspect
nicotine is present in an amount of from 0.4 to 1.9 wt% based on the total
weight of the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is present in an
amount of from 0.4
to 1.8 wt% based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable formulation.
In one aspect
nicotine is present in an amount of from 0.5 to 1.9 wt% based on the total
weight of the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is present in an
amount of from 0.5
to 1.8 wt% based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable formulation.
In one aspect
nicotine is present in an amount of from 0.8 to 1.9 wt% based on the total
weight of the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is present in an
amount of from 0.8
to 1.8 wt% based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable formulation.
In one aspect
nicotine is present in an amount of from 1 to 1.9 wt% based on the total
weight of the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is present in an
amount of from 1 to
1.8 wt% based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In
one aspect
nicotine is present in an amount of less than 1.9 wt% based on the total
weight of the
flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is present in an
amount of less
than 1.8 wt% based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In one
aspect nicotine is present in an amount of from 0.4 to less than 1.9 wt% based
on the total
weight of the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is
present in an
amount of from 0.4 to less than 1.8 wt% based on the total weight of the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is present in an amount of
from 0.5 to less
than 1.9 wt% based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In one
aspect nicotine is present in an amount of from 0.5 to less than 1.8 wt% based
on the total
weight of the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is
present in an
amount of from 0.8 to less than 1.9 wt% based on the total weight of the
flavoured
vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is present in an amount of
from 0.8 to less
than 1.8 wt% based on the total weight of the flavoured vaporisable
formulation. In one
aspect nicotine is present in an amount of from 1 to less than 1.9 wt% based
on the total
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weight of the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In one aspect nicotine is
present in an
amount of from 1 to less than 1.8 wt% based on the total weight of the
flavoured vaporisable
formulation.
As discussed herein, we have found that each of the a, f3 and y variants of
cyclodextrin may
be used and the most suitable one may be selected depending on the 'guest'
components,
such as the present flavours, to be complexed. We have found that the 13
variant complexes
well with nicotine and other structurally similar active substances, so a
small inclusion level
is likely. 2-hydroxy-propy1-6-cyclodextrin complexes well with cyclic
molecules which
includes nicotine, but also key flavour components such as menthol and
vanillin.
We have found that the addition of a combination of the one or more actives
and the one or
more flavours in a combined molar excess with respect to the one or more
cyclodextrins may
result in the actives and flavours precipitating from the formulation.
Therefore in one aspect,
the one or more cyclodextrins are present in a molar excess with respect to
total combined
amount of the one or more flavours and the one or more actives. In one aspect,
the one or
more cyclodextrins are present in a molar excess with respect to total
combined amount of
the one or more flavours and nicotine. In one aspect, the molar ratio of
cyclodextrins to
flavours and nicotine combined is at least 1.2:1. In one aspect, the molar
ratio of
cyclodextrins to flavours and nicotine combined is at least 1.4:1. In one
aspect, the molar
ratio of cyclodextrins to flavours and nicotine combined is at least 1.6:1. In
one aspect, the
molar ratio of cyclodextrins to flavours and nicotine combined is at least
1.8:1. In one aspect,
the molar ratio of cyclodextrins to flavours and nicotine combined is at least
2:1. In one
aspect, the molar ratio of cyclodextrins to flavours and nicotine combined is
from 5:1 to
1.5:1. In one aspect, the molar ratio of cyclodextrins to flavours and
nicotine combined is
from 4:1 to 1.5:1. In one aspect, the molar ratio of cyclodextrins to flavours
and nicotine
combined is from 2:1 to 1.5:1. In one aspect, the molar ratio of cyclodextrins
to flavours and
nicotine combined is from 2:1 to 1.5:1. In one aspect, the molar ratio of
cyclodextrins to
flavours and nicotine combined is from 2:1 to 1.2:1.
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Process
As discussed herein, the present invention provides a process for forming a
vapour, the
process comprising
(a) providing a flavoured vaporisable formulation comprising
(i) one or more solvents;
(ii) a flavour; and
(iii) one or more cyclodextrins;
wherein the flavoured vaporisable formulation contains water in an amount of
from 0
to 10 wt.% based on the vaporisable formulation; and
(b) vaporising the flavoured vaporisable formulation.
Further Aspects
The flavoured vaporisable formulation may be contained or delivered by any
means. In one
aspect the present invention provides a contained flavoured vaporisable
formulation
comprising
(a) a container; and
(b) a flavoured vaporisable formulation comprising
(i) one or more solvents;
(ii) a flavour; and
(iii) one or more cyclodextrins;
wherein the flavoured vaporisable formulation contains water in an amount of
from 0
to 10 wt.% based on the vaporisable formulation.
The container may be any suitable container, for example to allow for the
storage or delivery
of the formulation. In one aspect the container is configured for engagement
with an
electronic vapour provision system. The container may be a bottle. The
container may be
configured to become fluidly in communication with an electronic vapour
provision system so
that formulation may be delivered to the electronic vapour provision system.
As described
above, the present disclosure relates to container which may be used in an
electronic vapour
provision system, such as an e-cigarette. Throughout the following description
the term "e-
cigarette" is used; however, this term may be used interchangeably with
electronic vapour
provision system.
As discussed herein, the container of the present invention is typically
provided for the
delivery of flavoured vaporisable formulation to or within an e-cigarette. The
flavoured
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vaporisable formulation may be held within an e-cigarette or may be sold as a
separate
container for subsequent use with or in an e-cigarette. As understood by one
skilled in the
art, e-cigarettes may contain a unit known as a detachable cartomiser which
typically
comprises a reservoir of flavoured vaporisable formulation, a wick material
and a device for
vaporising the flavoured vaporisable formulation. In some e-cigarettes, the
cartomiser is part
of a single-piece device and is not detachable. In one aspect the container is
a cartomiser
or is part of a cartomiser. In one aspect the container is not a cartomiser or
part of a
cartomiser and is a container, such as a tank, which may be used to deliver
flavoured
vaporisable formulation to or within an e-cigarette.
In one aspect the container is part of an e-cigarette. In one aspect the
present invention
further provides an electronic vapour provision system comprising:
(a) a vaporiser for vaporising liquid for inhalation by a user of the
electronic vapour provision
system;
(b) a power supply comprising a cell or battery for supplying power to the
vaporiser; and
(c) a flavoured vaporisable formulation comprising
(i) one or more solvents;
(ii) a flavour; and
(iii) one or more cyclodextrins;
wherein the flavoured vaporisable formulation contains water in an amount of
from 0
to 10 wt.% based on the vaporisable formulation.
In addition to the flavoured vaporisable formulation of the present invention
and to systems
such as containers and electronic aerosol provision systems containing the
same, the
present invention provides a process for reducing loss of flavour over time of
a flavoured
vaporisable formulation
the process comprising the steps of
(a) providing a vaporisable material comprising at least one or more solvents;
(b) incorporating into the vaporisable material a flavour and one or more
cyclodextrins to
form the flavoured vaporisable formulation.
The process of the present invention may comprises additional steps either
before the steps
listed, after the steps listed or between one or more of the steps listed.
In addition to the flavoured vaporisable formulation of the present invention
and to systems
such as containers and electronic aerosol provision systems containing the
same, the
present invention provides use of one or more cyclodextrins for reducing loss
of flavour over
21
time of a flavoured vaporisable formulation, wherein the flavoured vaporisable
formulation
comprises (i) one or more solvents; and (ii) a flavour.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention will now be described in further detail by way of
example only with reference
to the accompanying figure in which:-
Figure 1 shows a graph of phase solubility of 0-20%w/w HPBCD;
Figure 2 shows a graph of phase solubility of 0-3%w/w HPBCD;
Figure 3 shows a schematic of the headspace analysis method;
Figure 4 shows a spectra of the headspace analysis of base formulation 1;
Figure 5 shows a spectra of the headspace analysis of base formulation 2; and
Figure 6 shows a graph of the loss of menthol from cartomiser over time;
The invention will now be described with reference to the following non-
limiting example.
Examples
Base Formulation
Base Formulation 1 was prepared containing:
propylene glycol 35.5 wt.%
glycerol 39.5 wt.%
water 25 wt.%
Into this base formulation was incorporated a variety of 2-hydroxy-propyl-3-
cyclodextrin (HP-B-
CD) and menthol amounts as described below:
= Excess of menthol added to base formulation containing varying
concentrations of HP-B-
CD
= Formulation allowed to equilibrate for 24hrs on roller.
= Excess menthol centrifuged then filtered off by syringe filtration
(Millex PVDF, 0.45pm
pore size)
= Saturated formulation isolated and diluted in PES.
= Diluted formulation analysed via GC-FID to quantify maximum menthol
concentration in
formulation.
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Date Recue/Date Received 2021-09-07
CA 03080684 2020-04-28
WO 2019/086857 PCT/GB2018/053137
= Plotting maximum menthol concentration at each HP-B-CD concentration
gives a
gradient which shows how effective cyclodextrin is at solubilising menthol in
that
base formulation.
= 3 repeats at each cyclodextrin concentration.
Visual InspectiPti
The products were subjected to visual inspection and the results given below.
Solubilisation
was considered to have occurred when substantially no menthol crystals could
be visualised,
Where the menthol crystals were considered to have solubilised the sample was
given a Y
(yes, solubilised). Where the menthol crystals were considered to have
solubilised the
sample was given a N (no, not solubilised).
Cyclodextrin Concentration (/owfw)
Menthol Concentration N/A 0.5 1 3 7
0.50% Y
0.60% N N N ................................... Y ... Y __
0.70% N
0.80% N ..................................
0.90% N N N N
1% N N1N ........... IN Y .
Phase solubility
Phase solubility was also studied and the results of this are shown in Figures
1 and 2.
These analytical data support the solubility trend seen observationally in
formulations i.e.
menthol concentration is increased with increasing cyclodextrin concentration.
A linear
relationship of increased menthol concentration when increasing HP-B-CD
concentration
was observed. Approximately 30% increase in menthol concentration was found
from
0 /0HP-B-CD to 3 /0HP-B-CD.
Static Headspace
In addition to Base Formulation 1 (described above), Base Formulation 2 was
prepared
containing:
propylene glycol 40 wt.%
glycerol 60 wt.%
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CA 03080684 2020-04-28
WO 2019/086857
PCT/GB2018/053137
Base Formulation 1 and Base Formulation 2 containing 0%, 3% and 20%w/w HP-B-CD
were
prepared. 10g of each base formulations were spiked with 0.05g menthol. and
0.4g of a
flavour comprising essential oils. 1mL headspace of volatile compounds was
analysed to
study whether cyclodextrins reduce the volatility of flavour compounds and
thereby reduce
flavour loss from cartomiser units. The method of analysis is shown in Figure
3. The
concentrations of HPBCD used (w/w) were 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 3% and 7% and the
following
procedure was followed:
= Cartomiser units filled with e-liquid containing varying concentrations
of cyclodextrin.
= Measurement of menthol concentration via GC-FID every two weeks in order
to track
menthol loss from cartomisers over time and to see if this is influenced by
the
presence of cyclodextrin.
= 0.1mL taken from cartomiser at each time point (two measurement at each
concentration)
= Cartomisers kept at room temperature
The results of the analysis are shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6. The headspace
analysis showed
that the presence of cyclodextrin reduces the concentration of flavour
compounds in the
headspace. The reduction of headspace loss was observed for both bases. The
cartomiser
loss also confirmed that cyclodextrin reduces the loss of menthol from
cartomisers.
Various modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent
to those skilled
in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.
Although the invention
has been described in connection with specific preferred embodiments, it
should be
understood that the invention as claimed should not be unduly limited to such
specific
embodiments. Indeed, various modifications of the described modes for carrying
out the
invention which are obvious to those skilled in chemistry or related fields
are intended to be
within the scope of the following claims.
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