Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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SURFACE DECONTAMINATION FORMULATION
Cross-Reference to Related Applications
[0001] This is a PCT international patent application of US provisional
patent
applications, serial number 62/618,095, 62/618,096, 62/618,098, 62/618,100,
and
62/618,104 filed on January 17, 2018. This application further claims priority
to a US
nonprovisional patent application, serial number 16/209,960, filed on December
4, 2018,
which is a continuation of a PCT international patent application, application
number
PCT/U518/37817, filed on June 15, 2018, which claims priority to a US
provisional
patent application, serial number 62/520,372, filed on June 15, 2017. The
disclosures of
the above applications are incorporated by reference in their entirety herein.
Background
[0002] The first necessity in decontamination is to facilitate exposure of
the
pathogen/agent/contaminant/toxin to the reactive mechanism designed to defeat
it. On
surfaces this necessitates:
[0003] inducing the ability to desorb a substance from the surface, or
[0004] enabling hydraulic mobility of the substance (displacement), or
[0005] forcing the substance into a hydraulically vulnerable state
(dissolution)
[0006] A harmful substance may penetrate deeply into the reticulated grain
structures of
microscopic surfaces, making it difficult to displace. Simply using water or
other solvent
may not present the appropriate physiochemical environment sufficient to
overcome the
forces holding or shielding the substance in place.
Summary
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[0007] Embodiments of the invention describe an enhanced chemical
formulation and
manner of practice administering two predicate patented products (DF-200 and S
SDX-
12) designed for the decontamination, disinfection and renewal of surfaces
exposed to
chemical, biological, toxic industrial contaminants and residues. These two
products are
standalone treatments for decontamination strategies. The combinations of the
two in
concert with one another presents a unique approach to decontamination and
disinfection
strategies.
[0008] SSDX-12 is a high potency decontamination soap specifically used for
the safe
decontamination of air craft. In order to achieve that claim, SSDX-12 was
required to
demonstrate resistance to corrosion on aircraft metal alloys and sensitive
equipment. The
product was also required to remove residues of chemical weapons down to an
acceptable
standard. While the product is demonstrably effective at treating the targeted
surfaces,
the challenge of remediating the now dissolved and mobile chemical agents
remained. In
many situations it is simply unacceptable to rinse the treatment off into the
environment.
[0009] D7 formula (hereinafter "D7" or "D7 formula") is a high potency
decontamination/disinfection agent used to treat surfaces contaminated with
bacteria,
viruses, mold, mildew, toxic industrial chemicals, chemical weapons and other
pathogenic and harmful agents. D7 is able to promote the rapid chemical
remediation of
these threats by virtue of its unique ability to solubilize normally water
insoluble targets
and expose them to chemical oxidation directly or in the realm of a self
assembled
micellular structure embodied in the formula.
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[0010] In one example, D7 formula extends the technology to include both
oxidation
reactions and reducing reactions. Additionally, D7 incorporates the treatment
for toxic
industrial chemicals. It also is the first reference to a bleaching activator.
[0011] In another example, D7 expands into the area of mold, disinfection
and
sterilization. The chemistry has not changed or been modified. In effect, D7
is closest to
the utility the product enjoys today.
[0012] Moreover, D7 expands on the chemical landscape for DF-200.
Additionally it
incorporates data for rates of reaction against various toxic agents. It is
also an
improvement of the original DF-100 relative to performance against mustard
agents in
regard to reaction time and specificity. In one embodiment, D7 also integrates
different
bleaching activators.
[0013] The synergy of effectiveness of these two decontamination strategies
is a step
forward in the state of the art of decontamination and surface remediation
providing a
much needed improvement in these practices.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] SSDX-12 is designed to achieve a safe, environmentally benign, low
regret
physiochemical agency capable of enabling conditions favorable toward the
removal or
deshielding of pathogens/agents/contaminant/toxins. With the application of
SSDX-12,
the offending substance can be hydraulically removed or rendered hydraulically
vulnerable.
[0015] In one example, the SSDX-12 may include a cleaning composition such
as a
C8-22 alkyl dimethylamine oxide surfactant, a C6-12 alkyl
dimethylamine
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oxide surfactant, a C8-18 alkyl polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty ester
surfactant,
and a C12-14 secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant. The C8-18
alkyl
polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty ester surfactant includes from 0 to about
20 ethoxylate
groups per C8-18 alkyl polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty ester
surfactant molecule.
The C12-14 secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant includes from about 14
to about
16 ethoxylate groups per C12-14 secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant
molecule.
[0016] In yet another embodiment, a cleaning composition for cleaning
exterior surfaces
of a vehicle is provided. The cleaning composition includes from about 0.1% to
about 5%
by weight of a C8-16 alkyl dimethylamine oxide surfactant, from about
0.1% to
about 5% by weight of a C6-10 alkyl dimethylamine oxide surfactant, from
about
0.1% to about 5% by weight of a C10-14 alkyl polyethylene glycol sorbitan
fatty
ester surfactant, and from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of a C12-14
secondary
alcohol ethoxylate surfactant including from about 14 to about 16 ethoxylate
groups per
C12-14 secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant molecule. The C10-14
alkyl
polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty ester surfactant includes from 0 to about 6
ethoxylate
groups per C8-18 alkyl polyethylene glycol sorbitan fatty ester
surfactant molecule.
The C12-14 secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant includes from about 14
to about
16 ethoxylate groups per C12-14 secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant
molecule.
The C8-16 alkyl dimethylamine oxide surfactant, the C6-10 alkyl
dimethylamine oxide surfactant, the C10-14 alkyl polyethylene glycol
sorbitan fatty
ester surfactant, and the C12-14 secondary alcohol ethoxylate surfactant
are
provided in a 1:1:1:1 ratio in the cleaning composition. The cleaning
composition is
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effective to remove chemical warfare agents from the exterior surfaces of the
vehicle
upon application thereto.
[0017] In one application, a method for cleaning exterior surfaces of a
vehicle using the
above cleaning composition may be applied. The method includes providing a
cleaning
composition, applying the cleaning composition to the exterior surfaces of the
vehicle,
and rinsing the exterior surfaces of the vehicle with water.
[0018] However, once displaced from its microscopic perch, substances may
then be
exposed to the reactive spectrum (photoelectric radiation, oxidation, chemical
modification by an external substance) that facilitates its chemical
transformation. In
other words, the fact that SSDX-12 was able to be applied as a cleaning
composition to a
surface of a vehicle, for example, does not mean the dissolved solution is not
toxic or
environmentally friendly. That is to say, in this state, a toxin becomes
highly vulnerable
to natural forces which promote its inevitable tumble to its lowest energy
state.
[0019] A concrete surface may look solid from our perspective but when
viewed
microscopically, it can consist of a complex network of pathways. This is the
same with
any porous surface. Close inspection reveals a labyrinth in many cases.
Delivering
chemistry into this microscopic environment requires that significant surface
tension
forces be overcome. Surface tension is the property of a liquid that defines
how it
spreads out on a surface and how well it will penetrate into a surface. The
proprietary
formulation elements of D7 enable very low surface tension values to be
obtained at a
surface. These values are not equilibrium values but rather, dynamic values. A
turbulent
solution, made so by the effervescence of decomposing hydrogen peroxide, will
continuously be refreshing itself at the leading edges of its penetration into
a surface.
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These transient ultra-low surface tension values enable a deeper penetration
of the active
chemistry embodied in D7. The cationic quaternary amine surfactants, coupled
with the
alkaline pH carbonated buffer system lay the pathway for a more effective
penetrating
delivery of the complex cleaning chemistry embodied in D7. The product behaves
in
ways similar to the mechanisms behind hydraulic fracturing without the high
pressure
pumps.
[0020] Alkali carbonates (potassium based) interact with the predominantly
negatively
biased surface
[0021] Quaternary amines adsorb strongly onto that negatively biased
surface
[0022] Hydraulic channels are opened allowing delivery of the cleaning
power in the
form of water, peroxide, and other formulation nonionic species.
[0023] In its ability to penetrate/eradicate biofilms vs. traditional
forms, D7 provides
advantages over prior technologies as well. In one example, biofilms are
comprised of a
secreted chemical matrix that protects pathogen colonies from intruding
threats. These
films have nutrient causeways, respiration causeways and transpiration
causeways and
their precise nature is the subject of intense inquiry. The physiochemical
solution
properties of D7 interact in such a way as to efficiently and thoroughly
disrupt those
surfaces. The solvency properties and the oxidation from peroxide and
peracetic acid
species effectively "pry" open the surface of the film and in some cases aid
in the defeat
of the functional causeways resulting in terminal disruption. Biofilms
effectively
organize water in a secreted extracellular matrix that in many cases are
disrupted by the
D7 detergency mechanisms.
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[0024] Embodiments of D7 describe an enhanced chemical formulation designed
for the
decontamination, disinfection and renewal of surfaces exposed to chemical,
biological
and toxic industrial contaminants and residues. This formula improves on prior
art by
expanding the efficacy spectrum, decreasing treatment time, modifying chemical
properties allowing for lower effective dosage and broadening the roster of
chemical
agents remediated by it. The formulation described herein may also be applied
in
variable concentrations to achieve decontamination objectives (cleaning,
sanitization,
disinfection, high level disinfection, mold remediation, biofilm remediation,
targeted
decontamination).
[0025] Embodiments of D7 aim to incremental variants designed to perform
particular
tasks is the intent of this effort. In one embodiment, aspects of the
invention may be
formulated with a Generation 1 version of Quaternary amine (ADBAC). It is
thought
that broadening the type of quaternary amine may bring a benefit in either
efficacy
against a broader range pathogens or greater effectiveness against biofilms.
Of the two,
biofilm effectiveness is likely the prominent value proposition.
[0026] Furthermore, D7 provides a simple roster of ingredients. D7 is not
made of exotic
ingredients. It is assembled with common, benign, readily available materials.
Their
combination produces a net effect greater than the simple sum of each.
[0027] The physical properties embodied in D7 tell part of the story of its
success.
Things like dynamic surface tension, critical micelle concentration, micellar
aggregation
number, solvolytic potential and solution polarity all contribute to the
enigmatic behavior
of D7.
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[0028] One of the more compelling actions of D7 arises from the micelle
formations.
These micelles act as miniature reaction factories where toxicants react with
activated
oxygen species rendering them neutralized or harmless.
[0029] As a starting point, the application of D7 in response to biofilm
issues seems a
valued efficacy for the customer. Defeating a biofilm protected bacteria
colony virtually
insures defeat of the prokaryotic bacteria itself The roster of efficacy of D7
in relation to
various organisms is listed below:
Disinfection Efficacy
Staphylococcus Aureus
Eschericia Coli Listeria Monocytogenes
(MRSA, VRSA)
Stereptococcus
Klebsiella pneumoniae Enterobacter cloacae
epidermidis
[0030] Taking a view of the relationship of the quat generation, the
following
comparison is relevant.
[0031] Generation 5 Quaternary Amine. This category is a mixture of
generation 1 and
generation 4. The innovation options can rapidly multiply when one considers
permutations of different generation 1 chemistries along with the generation 4
variants.
In one embodiment, D7 formulation includes:
Vendor Product Description Notes
Stepan BTC-1210 80% Active Different foaming
characteristics,
32% CAS 68424-85-1 different efficacy profile,
different
Pilot Maquat 48% CAS 7173-51-5 physiochemical performance,
2420-80% enhanced biofilm defeat
efficacy,
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residual sanitation performance
Stepan BTC-888 80% Active Different foaming
characteristics,
32% CAS 68424-85-1 different efficacy profile,
different
Pilot MQ-624M 48% Variable dialkyl, dimethyl physiochemical performance
Part A Formulation Ingredient Prescribed amount
BTC 888 (80 % active) 32% (40% C12, 50% C14, 10% C16) + 48%
DADMAC 0.1 to 4.00%
Octyl Decyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride (24%) W=334.0273 0.024 to 0.960%
Di-n-Octyl Ammonium Chloride (12%) W=270.5207 0.012 to 0.480%
Di-n-Decyl Ammonium Chloride (12%) W=326.6279 0.012 to 0.480%
ADBAC C12 (40%) W=339.9909 __ 0.0128 to 0.512%
ADBAC C14 (50%) W=368.0445 0.016 to 0.640%
ADBAC C16 (10%) W=396.0981 0.0032 to 0.128%
Adogen 477D (50% Active) 0.05 to 2.00%
Glycol Ether DB 0.4 to 1.60%
Isobutanol 0.025 to 1.00%
Propylene Glycol 0.5 to 20.00%
Lauryl Alcohol 0.02 to 0.80%
Potassium Bicarb USP Anhyd 0.3 to 12.00%
Caustic Potash 0.0425 to
1.70%
Water 56.90 to
98.56%
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Part B Formulation Ingredient Prescribed
amount
Hydrogen peroxide 0.2 to
8.00%
Inerts and stabilizers
Water 99.8 to 85%
Part C Formulation Ingredient Prescribed
amount
Bleaching accelerator 0.05 to 2.00%
[0001] In one embodiment, the Generation 5 surfactants and dimethyl dialkyl
quaternary
amines present an enhanced structure to the micelles developed in the D7
formulation.
[0002] These surfactants may modify the Gouy-Chapman-Stern layer to the
point of
enhanced and improved ability to more rapidly solubilize agents into the
micelle body.
[0003] In one example, the surfactants may modify the Gouy-Chapman-Stern
layer that
may be tied to the speed at which an agent is decontaminated, or it might be
the extent of
its decontamination.
[0004] This embodiment of the invention may have different physical
properties. The
efficacy profile of this version will also be different. The development of
the efficacy
profile should be from a dilute version, perhaps a 1 to 100 dilution of the
final product,
up to the full version. The dilute version might be considered for surfaces
that are
already clean and devoid of biofilm presence. In one embodiment, the
concentrated
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version would be considered for circumstances where gross filth is more
prevalent (live
animal facilities, processing plants, high biofilm potential places). Various
embodiments
of the invention for different dilutions (bacteria, biofilm, fogging efficacy)
may enable
various levels of applications in addition to those disclosed in FIG. 1.
[0005] This improvement upon prior art enables the contemplation of a full
spectrum
product capable of dealing with sensitive cleaning and sanitization situations
like those
encountered in food contact circumstances. In those circumstances, a product
may be
able to be applied to a target surface usually as a spray and wiped down
distributing the
cleaning/sanitization formulation over the entire surface. In one embodiment,
aspects of
the invention may need to receive approval from regulatory oversight agencies
before
use. In this case, this is commonly known as a "leave-on" product. There are
statutory
limits of labeled ingredients permissible for this type of use. It is an
embodied intention
of this improvement to enable this type of use. A full strength version of the
product is
intended for use in highly compromised environments like live animal barns
where
significant gross filth is anticipated. This represents the other end of the
product
spectrum. Regulatory oversight is also a requisite in relation to pesticidal
embodiments.
It is anticipated that there will be many situations in between these two
extremes where a
strength modulated product would serve the need. Examples of such situations
are given
in spectrum above.
[0006] It is often necessary to promote a speedier transition to a less
harmful state.
Pathogens, toxic industrial chemicals, or other undesirable substances exist
unchallenged
in ambient environments except by those reactive agents common to their
surroundings.
The natural remedies for treatment of infestations include predation by
organisms,
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hydrolysis by water, photolysis by electromagnetic radiation, absorption by
the substrate
and shielding of the pathogen by environmental film to name a few. If a
pathogen is
soluble in water, a simple rinse may suffice. The kinetic time frame for these
actions can
range from the immediate to very long periods of slow transition. Delivering
reactive
chemical activity in the form of oxidation or nucleophillic substitution is an
effective
treatment strategy well known in common practice. It is the route by which
numerous
agents deliver their efficacious dose. Once a substance is oxidized, it is
generally more
susceptible to environmental decay via one or more of the aforementioned
mechanisms.
Delivering oxidation activity to a target is not always straight forward. The
use of bleach
for instance is a common practice in many areas for disinfection and
decontamination.
Bleach is a water based solution whose ability to penetrate and engage
pathogens is
limited to the physiochemical barriers embodied on the substrate being
treated. If the
active cidal agent cannot come into reactive proximity with the target
pathogen, nothing
will happen. For this reason, disinfection and decontamination agents are
formulated
with substances that enable the ability overcome physiochemical barriers of
interfacial
tension and surface energy to deliver substances to reactive proximity.
Additionally,
substances that are not soluble in water may not be vulnerable to reaction
based on the
limited exposure to reactive conditions.
[0007] D7, as illustrated above, is a formula which overcomes
physiochemical barriers to
deliver reactive oxidation species to pathogenic targets and by virtue of its
design, aid in
the ability to bring resistant substances into solution where they are then
vulnerable to
oxidation by the mechanisms embodied in D7. This new version of the formula is
an
enhancement of previous versions and demonstrates a more robust and effective
ability to
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perform decontamination/disinfection tasks. By alteration of the surfactant
characteristics of the formula, we are able to show faster decontamination
times and more
complete defeat of protective pathogenic layers leading to better remediation
results.
[0008] D7 is a decontamination agent that delivers chemical oxidation
energy in a safe,
dilute form for the purpose of promoting oxidation of toxins to less harmful
or totally
benign breakdown products. D7 chemically treats toxins by promoting oxidation
and by
consequence speeding up the decontamination process. By itself, D7 will work
to
promote decontamination. The application of SSDX-12 before D7 enhances the net
effect by enabling of the displacement of adsorbed substances.
[0009] In one embodiment, the ratio of 30:1 equivalent dosage of D7 with
SSDX-12 is
desirable to achieve the targeted results with the right properties and
effects on surface
decontamination.
[0010] The foregoing description and drawings merely explain and illustrate
the
invention and the invention is not limited thereto. While the specification is
described in
relation to certain implementation or embodiments, many details are set forth
for the
purpose of illustration. Thus, the foregoing merely illustrates the principles
of the
invention. For example, the invention may have other specific forms without
departing
from its spirit or essential characteristic. The described arrangements are
illustrative and
not restrictive. To those skilled in the art, the invention is susceptible to
additional
implementations or embodiments and certain of these details described in this
application
may be varied considerably without departing from the basic principles of the
invention.
It will thus be appreciated that those skilled in the art will be able to
devise various
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arrangements which, although not explicitly described or shown herein, embody
the
principles of the invention and, thus, within its scope and spirit.
[0011] While various embodiments have been described above, it should be
understood
that such disclosures have been presented by way of example only and are not
limiting.
Thus, the breadth and scope of the subject compositions and methods should not
be
limited by any of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but should be
defined
only in accordance with the following claims and their equivalents.
[0012] Having now fully described the subject compositions and methods, it
will be
understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the same can be
performed within a
wide and equivalent range of conditions, formulations and other parameters
without
affecting their scope or any embodiment thereof. All cited patents, patent
applications
and publications are fully incorporated by reference in their entirety.
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