Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
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Massage shoes with combination arch support
Cross-Reference to Related Applications
This application claims priority to U.S. App. No. 15/961,243, filed
April 24, 2018, titled Massage shoes with combination arch support,
issued as U.S. Pat. No. 10,149,512 on December 11, 2018.
Technical Field
This invention relates to the field of shoes and more particularly to
a shoe that provides arch support using a combination of a
structural insole and protruding nodules.
Background Art
The human foot is an incredible biological machine. It is strong
enough to support the repeated impacts of running and the constant
pressure of standing. But it remains dexterous enough to balance on
a tightrope or pick up a marble from the floor.
Feet manage these disparate tasks using a collection of bones and
muscles. Only when these bones and muscles are functioning
properly can the foot fully perform. In order to properly function,
the bones and muscles must be maintained in the optimal positions.
In addition to maintaining position, the feet must also be
stimulated. As the lowest point in the body, there is a tendency for
blood to settle in the feet and lower legs. This blood pooling causes
swelling and reduces the local oxygen concentration, thereby
increasing the time required to heal wounds.
Stimulation of the feet pushes blood out of the foot, and thereby out
of the lower legs. The stimulation has the added benefit of
activating the reflexology zones of the feet, thereby causing
therapeutic improvement throughout the body.
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What is needed is a shoe that properly supports the bones and
muscles of the foot, while simultaneously providing stimulation in
the form of varying pressure.
Disclosure of Invention
The shoe herein, in the form of a sandal, uses a combination of a
midsole of varying thickness and nodules of varying diameters and
heights to provide the requisite level of flexibility, support, and
stimulation to specific regions of the foot.
Gradients of pressure that generate variations in the laminar flow
of the foot bed lead to better circulation and perfusion of the
capillary foot bed of the foot transection irrigation, allowing for
better circulation and venous return.
Before turning to the invention, an understanding of the foot is
helpful.
The human foot is formed from twenty-six bones. The bones are
shaped to form three arches within the foot¨the medial
longitudinal arch, the lateral longitudinal arch, and the transverse
arch. The longitudinal arches run from the front region of the foot to
the back region of the foot, while the transverse arch runs from side
to side.
The medial longitudinal arch and the lateral longitudinal arch are
formed between the tarsal bones and the proximal end of the
metatarsals.
The medial longitudinal arch is the highest of the two longitudinal
arches. It runs along the inside of the foot, along its length. When
one says he has a "high arch," or a "low arch," it is typically this
arch being referenced.
The lateral longitudinal arch is the flatter of the two longitudinal
arches. It runs along the outside of the foot, also along its length.
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The lateral longitudinal arch collapses when the body is in the
standing position, and thus is less commonly known.
The transverse arch is just behind the ball of the foot, running from
side to side.
Proper support of a foot requires supporting the medial longitudinal
arch, the transverse arch, and the lateral longitudinal arch.
In disclosed shoes, support for the arches comes from a combination
of a varying midsole thickness and nodules of varying diameter and
height.
Varying the nodules' height alters the depth to which each nodule
penetrates the bottom of the foot, and thus its ability to create a
massaging action. As a related effect, taller nodules flex more from
side-to-side than shorter nodules. The diameter of the nodules also
affects the amount of flexion. A nodule of greater diameter resists
flexion and thus has a greater tendency to resist bending.
No single nodule creates the desired massage effect, but rather the
combination of many nodules. While the user walks, applying
pressure to the back, middle, then front of the foot, the many
nodules work together to create waves of pressure. These waves of
pressure massage the bottoms of the feet and foster circulation.
This pressure wave effect is enhanced through the use of flexible
nodules that focus the pressure on individual points of the sole of
the foot.
The massaging action acts on the nerves, blood vessels, muscles,
and connective tissue of the foot. As recognized by the field of
reflexology, the application of pressure to the feet can create
positive physical changes to areas of the body beyond the feet. For
example, application of pressure to the area of the foot referred to as
the ball is associated with the treatment of lung disorders.
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The result of the supportive nature of the midsole and nodule
combination, in conjunction with the massaging action, is that the
disclosed shoe can treat a multiplicity of foot conditions. For
example, plantar fasciitis. Plantar fasciitis a common cause of heel
pain. The pain is caused by inflammation of a thick band of tissue
that runs the length of the bottom of the foot, connecting the heel
bone to the toes.
The supportive and massaging action of the disclosed shoes acts to
treat the inflamed tissue, while supporting the foot to encourage
healing.
Turning to the support structure of the shoe: The support structure
of the shoe is divided into three regions based on the respective
location of each relative to the arches of the human foot.
The transverse arch support is a rectangular support region
centered on what, during use, is just behind the ball of the foot.
The lateral longitudinal arch support is an arc along the outside of
the foot. The support in this region is largely through the use of a
thicker midsole, with short nodules. The short nodules resist
bending, and thus create a create support effect at the expense of a
lessening massage effect. To use longer nodules may create the
feeling of a sideways-shifting foot during a step, like walking on a
slippery surface. This is an undesirable effect, and thus avoided by
using shorter nodules in areas of the shoe where stability is desired.
As compared to the nodules of the rest of the shoe, the nodules of
the lateral longitudinal arch support are of an average height.
The medial longitudinal arch support is formed from a trapezoidal
section of tall, wide nodules combined with thick midsole, thus
creating a higher foot bed. The height of the nodules results in deep
tissue pressure, massaging the arch. Their thickness acts to reduce
side to side motion, partially compensating for the nodule height.
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This arch is where the most support is needed to avoid flattening.
Without proper support the foot can turn inwards, which affects the
ankle joint, the knee, the hip, and so forth.
While not truly an arch of the foot, the curvature of the toes forms
an arc between the ball of the foot and the toe tips. This curvature
is supported by the toe arch support region. It is an arch of taller
nodules that will contact the foot between the ball of the foot and
the tips of the toes.
Other regions of the shoe are load bearing, rather than providing
arch support. These load bearing regions include nodules, but of a
lesser height than non-load bearing, thus avoiding lateral motion
between the foot and the shoe.
The toe contact region is in the front of the shoe. Relatively short
nodules are used to minimize bending and allow the toes to stabilize
the foot.
The ball contact region is a critical load bearing section of the shoe.
It is a section of smaller, consistently-sized nodules that provide
support between the toe arch support and the transverse arch.
A single line of taller modules is optionally placed along the inside
front of the shoe. These taller nodules form a big toe barrier,
helping to keep the big toe from wandering outside the bounds of
the shoe.
The load passed through the heel of the foot is critical to stability.
The shoe uses a heel cup that lacks nodules to provide the most
support without the risk of lateral shifting.
The heel cup is surrounded by short nodules that are higher than
the heel cup itself. Thus, there is a self-centering action that
maintains the heel within the heel cup.
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The total quantity of nodules varies slightly among shoe sizes, but
is around 1,390 ¨ 1,400 total nodules. Reasonable deviation above
and below this range is anticipated, and will not affect the function
of the shoe or its therapeutic benefits.
The nodules discussed above are but a part of the entire shoe. The
shoe is formed from a number of layers.
Starting from the lowermost layer, the first layer is the outer sole.
The outer sole is what comes into contact with the surface on which
user is walking. The material must create grip, whether through
friction or by incorporation of a tread. The preferred tread is a
repeating hexagon shape.
The next layer up is the structural mid-sole. The structural midsole
creates distance between the outer sole and the foot bed. Varying
the structure midsole thickness creates different support for
particular portions of the foot. The structural midsole provides
stiffness and structure to the shoe, with some degree of cushion.
The structural midsole protrudes outward and forms the sidewall of
the shoe.
Nested within the upper section of the structural midsole is the
cushioned mid-sole. The cushioned midsole is a softer material than
the structure midsole, as it is not intended to create structure but
rather to provide cushion.
The cushioned midsole is a consistent thickness across the top of the
structural midsole, resulting in even shock absorption across the
shoe.
Finally, the upper sole. The upper sole is formed from a combination
of a foot bed and nodules. The nodules protrude from the foot bed.
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The shoe requires structure to hold itself to the user's foot during
the upward motion of a stride. The preferred structure is one or
more straps that cross the forefoot and optionally the midfoot.
Straps are preferably adjusted using a removable hook and loop
fastener, but can also use buckles, snaps, elastic, or other related
forms of fastening or banding.
Brief Description of the Drawings
The invention can be best understood by those having ordinary skill
in the art by reference to the following detailed description when
considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in
which:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment;
Fig. 2 is a front view thereof;
Fig. 3 is a back view thereof;
Fig. 4 is a left-side view thereof;
Fig. 5 is a right-side view thereof;
Fig. 6 is a top view thereof;
Fig. 7 is a bottom view thereof;
Fig. 8 is a view of the bottom of an exemplary human foot;
Fig. 9 is a view of the bones within an exemplary human foot;
Fig. 10 is a top view thereof, indicating support regions;
Fig. 11 is a front isometric view thereof, again indicating support
regions; and
Fig. 12 is a cross sectional view of the first embodiment, showing
the multiple support layers.
Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
Reference will now be made in detail to the presently preferred
embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in
the accompanying drawings. Throughout the following detailed
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description, the same reference numerals refer to the same
elements in all figures.
Referring to Figure 1, a perspective view of a first embodiment of
the shoe is shown.
The shoe 100 includes an upper sole 104 formed from a combination
of a foot bed 105 and nodules 140. The structural midsole 106 (see
Fig. 12) is partially hidden, but edges are shown as forming the
sidewall 110.
The forefoot straps 112 include an upper forefoot strap 114 and
lower forefoot strap 116. The midfoot straps 118 are formed from
the upper midfoot strap 120 and lower midfoot strap 122.
Referring to Figure 2, a front view of the shoe 100 is shown.
The upper forefoot strap 114 and upper midfoot strap 120 are
visible, as is the sidewall 110. The outer sole 102 is shown below the
sidewall 110.
Referring to Figure 3, a back view of the shoe 100 is shown.
The upper midfoot strap 120 and lower midfoot strap 122 are visible
toward the rear of the shoe 100, with the upper forefoot strap 114
and lower forefoot strap 116 visible toward the front of the shoe 100.
Referring to Figure 4, a left-side view of the shoe 100 is shown.
The upper forefoot strap 114 and upper midfoot strap 120 are
shown affixed to the sidewall 110 formed from the structural
midsole 106 (see Fig. 12). The straps 114/120 are optionally
sandwiched between the structural midsole 106, shown here as the
sidewall 110, and the outer sole 102.
Referring to Figure 5, a right-side view thereof is shown.
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The lower forefoot strap 116 and the lower midfoot strap 122 are
shown, again optionally sandwiched between the structural midsole
106, shown here as the sidewall 110, and the outer sole 102.
Referring to Figure 6, a top view of the shoe 100 is shown. The foot
bed 105 includes a multiplicity of nodules 140, divided as discussed
below. The heel cup 154 is shown surrounded by a perimeter of
nodules 140.
Referring to Figure 7, a bottom view of the shoe 100 is shown. The
hex sole protrusions 124 are shown protruding from the outer sole
102. The hex shape is the preferred shape for the protrusions,
providing a balance of low lateral shifting with many exposed edges
and corners to create a gripping tread.
Referring to Figure 8, a view of the bottom of an exemplary human
foot is shown.
The foot 1 is generally divided into the forefoot 18, midfoot 20, and
heel 22. Within the forefoot 18, the foot 1 includes the ball 10, or
region behind the toes. The ball 10 is divided into the inner ball 12,
middle ball 14, and outer ball 16.
The portion of the foot 1 that faces toward its matching foot is
referred to as the inner foot 24. Its opposite is the outer foot 26.
The toes include the hallux or big toe 30, second toe or index toe 32,
third toe or middle toe 34, fourth toe or ring toe 36, and fifth toe or
little toe 38.
The arches of the foot 1 include the medial longitudinal arch 40,
lateral longitudinal arch 42, and transverse arch 44.
Referring to Figure 9, a view of the bones of the bottom of an
exemplary human foot is shown.
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The distal phalanges 50, middle phalanges 52, proximal phalanges
54, and metatarsals 56 make up the forefoot 18 (see Fig. 8).
The medial cuneiform 58, middle cuneiform 60, lateral cuneiform
62, navicular 64, and cuboid 66 make up the midfoot 20.
Finally, the talus 68 and calcaneus 70 make up the heel 22.
Referring to Figure 10, a top view of the foot bed thereof is shown,
indicating support regions. For an unobstructed view of the nodules
140, the forefoot straps 112 (see Fig. 1) and midfoot straps 118 (see
Fig. 1) are omitted.
The toe contact region 142 is formed from a multiplicity of shorter
nodules 140 that provide a lesser amount of massaging action,
instead focusing on support. The similarly-structured ball contact
region 144 also uses shorter nodules 140.
An optional big toe barrier 152 is formed from a series of taller
nodules 140 that retain the big toe 30 (see Fig. 8) within the bounds
of the shoe 100 (see Fig. 1).
The heel cup 154 is shown with its associated nodules 140 that
surround a section without nodules. The result is firm support for
the heel with minimal lateral shifting.
The toe arch support 156 is placed between the toe contact region
142 and ball contact region 144.
Transverse arch support 146 is placed to the rear of the ball contact
region 144. It is shown formed from twelve nodules 140 of a
diameter and height greater than the surrounding nodules 140. But
a range of quantity of nodules is acceptable. For example, the use of
between ten and forty nodules to form the transverse arch support
146 is anticipated.
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Lateral longitudinal arch support 148 uses smaller nodules 140, but
with increased height of the structural midsole 106 (see Fig. 12),
thereby raising the height of the foot bed 105.
The most significant arch support, the medial longitudinal arch
support 150, is shown with a trapezoidal shape. The nodules 140
increase in height and diameter moving from the center of the shoe
100 (see Fig. 1) toward the inner foot 24 (see Fig. 8).
Referring to Figure 11, a front, isometric view of the foot bed thereof
is shown, again indicating support regions. For an unobstructed
view of the nodules 140, the forefoot straps 112 and midfoot straps
118 are omitted.
The greater height is visible of the nodules 140 used for the
transverse arch support 146 and medial longitudinal arch support
150. The toe arch support 156 is also shown with its greater nodule
140 diameter and height.
The big toe barrier 152 is visible, with the increased nodule 140
height.
Referring to Figure 12, a cross sectional view of the first
embodiment is shown, indicating the multiple support layers.
The base layer is outer sole 102 with its hex sole protrusion 124.
The next layer is the structural midsole 106, which is the full width
and length of the shoe 100 (see Fig. 1), thereby forming sidewalls
110.
The thickness of the structural midsole 106 varies by location
within the shoe 100 (see Fig. 1), thereby creating differing levels of
support. For example, the midsole arch support thickness ta is
greater because it is supporting the medial longitudinal arch 40 (see
Fig. 8). In comparison, the midsole base thickness tb is less as it is a
lower portion of the shoe.
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For example, an exemplary shoe 100 will have a maximum ta of 18
millimeters, corresponding to a tb of 6 millimeters. Thus, thickness
ta may be three times thickness tb.
The cushioned midsole 107 is a consistent thickness across the shoe
100 (see Fig. 1) in order to provide uniform cushioning to the foot 1
(see Fig. 8).
The upper sole 104 is the uppermost layer, formed from the foot bed
105 and nodules 140. The upper sole 104 has an upper sole overlap
section 188 that overlaps the structural midsole 106 at the midsole
shelf 186.
Equivalent elements can be substituted for the ones set forth above
such that they perform in substantially the same manner in
substantially the same way for achieving substantially the same
results.
It is believed that the system and method as described and many of
its attendant advantages will be understood by the foregoing
description. It is also believed that it will be apparent that various
changes may be made in the form, construction, and arrangement of
the components thereof without departing from the scope and spirit
of the invention or without sacrificing all of its material advantages.
The form herein before described being merely exemplary and
explanatory embodiment thereof. It is the intention of the following
claims to encompass and include such changes.
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