Note: Descriptions are shown in the official language in which they were submitted.
EXCAVATING, SUPPORTING AND ANCHORING INTEGRATED
MACHINE SYSTEM FOR DOWNHOLE RAPID EXCAVATING AND
USE METHOD THEREOF
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mining
machinery, and in
particular, to an excavating, supporting and anchoring integrated machine
system for downhole
rapid excavating and a use method thereof.
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
[0002] As the mining depth of a production mine is increasing, a ground stress
and a
surrounding rock stress and deformation are complex and diverse. An anchor net
support is
used by a majority of tunnel mining because of a good supporting effect, a
wide range of
application, flexibility in adapting to changes according to tunnel
conditions, and other features
of the anchor net support. However, in a current process of tunnel excavation,
a mechanized
excavation efficiency is very high, and a tunnel support speed lags far behind
an excavation
speed. Due to a serious mismatch of the excavating time, supporting time and
anchoring time,
a footage time of an excavating machine is far less than a total working time,
and in a large
amount of time, the excavating machine stops operating for performing a
support operation.
One direction to resolve the serious mismatch of the excavating time,
supporting time and
anchoring time is to implement an excavating, supporting and anchoring
parallel operation.
[0003] A patent entitled "UNMANNED TUNNEL EXCAVATING AND ANCHORING
INTEGRATED MACHINE" is disclosed in CN104500086A. A support system thereof
only
involves temporary support and anchor rod support, and cannot resolve a
problem of falling of
small pieces of surrounding rock. If an anchor net needs to be installed, a
working section needs
to be manually approached, and a cutting head needs to be stopped for safety
of workers.
Therefore, the excavating, supporting and anchoring parallel operation cannot
be implemented,
and dust, noises and other factors also greatly threaten the safety of the
workers. A cutting part
thereof can perform cutting by only one feed each time the cutting part stops
to operate, and
the efficiency is relatively low.
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Date Recue/Date Received 2020-11-12
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Technical Problem
[0004] To resolve the foregoing problem, the present invention provides an
excavating,
supporting and anchoring integrated machine system for downhole rapid
excavating.
Technical Solution
[0005] To achieve the foregoing objective, the present invention adopts the
following technical
means:
[0006] The present invention provides an excavating, supporting and anchoring
integrated
machine system for downhole rapid excavating, including a longitudinal axis
type excavating
machine body, where a cutting part capable of feeding and used for cutting a
section, an
anchoring and supporting part moving flexibly, working at a plurality of
angles, and used for
driving an anchor rod on the cut section, and a baffle playing a role in
temporary support and
protecting the anchoring and supporting part are disposed on the longitudinal
axis type
excavating machine body.
[0007] Further, the cutting part includes a cutting part bottom plate welded
on the longitudinal
axis type excavating machine body, a cylindrical slide rail is disposed on the
cutting part bottom
plate, a first sliding block is correspondingly disposed on the cylindrical
slide rail, the first
sliding block is connected to a base, a feed hydraulic cylinder is connected
between the base
and the cutting part bottom plate, the base is hinged with a swing member
being able to swing
left and right, the swing member is driven by using a swing hydraulic cylinder
connected to
the base, the swing member is hinged with a cutting head being able to pitch
up and down, and
the cutting head is driven by using a pitching hydraulic cylinder connected to
the swing member;
the anchoring and supporting part includes an anchoring and supporting part
bottom plate
welded on two sides of the longitudinal axis type excavating machine body, the
anchoring and
supporting part bottom plate is connected to a feed sliding block through a
slide rail, the feed
sliding block is hinged with a pitching slide rail being able to pitch up and
down, a pitching
sliding block is correspondingly disposed on the pitching slide rail, the
pitching slide rail is
driven by using an anchoring and supporting part pitching hydraulic cylinder
installed on the
feed sliding block, a second rotary motor is disposed on the pitching sliding
block, the second
rotary motor is hinged with a first rotary motor, a motor hydraulic cylinder
driving the first
rotary motor to pitch up and down is disposed on the second rotary motor, and
the first rotary
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Date Recue/Date Received 2020-11-12
motor is connected to an anchor rod drilling machine through an anchor rod
drilling machine
sliding block; and the baffle includes a baffle bottom plate welded on a rear
side of the
longitudinal axis type excavating machine body, a baffle slide plate is
slidably disposed on the
baffle bottom plate through a baffle slide rail, the baffle slide plate is
driven to slide by using a
baffle advancing and retreating hydraulic cylinder installed on the baffle
bottom plate, the
baffle slide plate is hinged with a first baffle being able to pitch up and
down, the first baffle is
driven by using a baffle pitching hydraulic cylinder installed on the baffle
slide plate, the first
baffle is hinged with a second baffle playing a role in anchor net
installation and temporary
support, and the second baffle is driven to level by using a baffle leveling
hydraulic cylinder
installed on the first baffle.
[0008] Different from a cutting part of a general excavating machine, the
cutting part may
perform a feed movement and may feed more while stopping to operate, so as to
improve the
operation efficiency. A first rotary motor, a second rotary motor, and a motor
hydraulic cylinder
together form a humanoid wrist joint, so that an anchor rod drilling machine
is more flexible
to operate and can better adapt to the downhole complicated working
environment.
[0009] Further, each of the feed hydraulic cylinder, the swing hydraulic
cylinder, the pitching
hydraulic cylinder, the anchoring and supporting part pitching hydraulic
cylinder, the baffle
leveling hydraulic cylinder, the baffle pitching hydraulic cylinder, and the
baffle advancing and
retreating hydraulic cylinder is a servo hydraulic cylinder, so that negative
feedback control
may be implemented. The first rotary motor and the second rotary motor control
a rotation
angle by using a rotary encoder, which may make the control more accurate.
[0010] Further, a shape of a front portion of the second baffle is a cambered
net, which may
better fit a shape of a top of a tunnel on one hand, and may drive an anchor
rod into a top plate
and a side wall of the tunnel through the second baffle on the other hand.
[0011] Further, a pitching movement of the first baffle operates synchronously
with a leveling
movement of the second baffle, so that the work efficiency may be increased.
[0012] Further, an operating amplitude of the base is 0 mm to 2000 mm, a swing
amplitude of
the swing member is -35 degrees to 35 degrees, a pitching amplitude of the
cutting head is -15
degrees to 35 degrees, a movement amplitude of the baffle slide plate is 0 mm
to 2000 mm, a
pitching amplitude of the first baffle is 10 degrees to 80 degrees, and an
adjustment amplitude
between the second baffle and the first baffle is 120 degrees to 180 degrees.
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[0013] The present invention further provides a method for using the foregoing
system, the
method specifically including the following steps:
[0014] (a) moving the longitudinal axis type excavating machine body to a
section of a tunnel,
opening a front support and a rear support, a worker placing the anchor net on
the second baffle,
the first baffle and the second baffle completing a lifting action and a
leveling action under an
action of two hydraulic cylinder groups, the baffle slide plate advancing, and
the baffle
performing temporary support;
[0015] (b) the feed hydraulic cylinder of the cutting part extending, to push
the cutting head to
feed forward for a set distance and then give a feedback to control the feed
hydraulic cylinder
to stop extending, and then the swing hydraulic cylinder and the pitching
hydraulic cylinder
acting together, so that the cutting head starts to cut the section of the
tunnel along an S shape;
[0016] (c) at the same time of performing step (b), pushing the feed sliding
block of the
anchoring and supporting part to move forward for a specified distance by
using the gear rack,
the anchoring and supporting part pitching hydraulic cylinder extending for a
set distance and
giving a feedback to control the anchoring and supporting part pitching
hydraulic cylinder to
stop extending, so that the pitching slide rail swings to a specified angle;
and the first rotary
motor, the second rotary motor, and the motor hydraulic cylinder acting
together, so that a
posture of the anchor rod drilling machine is changed to a specified posture,
and the anchor rod
drilling machine performs an action of driving an anchor rod, to support the
anchor net to a
roof plate of the tunnel;
[0017] (d) after the cutting head completes a round of S-shaped section
cutting, the feed
hydraulic cylinder extending for a specific distance, to perform a next round
of S-shaped
section cutting, and at the same time, the second rotary motor of the
anchoring and supporting
part swinging counterclockwise by a specific angle, to drive a next anchor
rod;
[0018] (e) after the anchoring and supporting part completes anchor rod
driving on a section,
the baffle slide plate moving backward, the baffle slide plate exiting the
temporary support,
and the feed sliding block moving forward, to perform anchor rod support of a
next section;
and
[0019] (0 after the cutting head completes a second round of S-shaped section
cutting, the feed
hydraulic cylinder contracting, the cutting head returning to an initial
position, the feed sliding
block of the anchoring and supporting part moving backward to an end, the
anchoring and
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supporting part pitching hydraulic cylinder, the first rotary motor, the
second rotary motor, and
the motor hydraulic cylinder acting together, the anchoring and supporting
part returning to an
initial position, the front support and the rear support of the longitudinal
axis type excavating
machine body retracting, and the longitudinal axis type excavating machine
body moving
forward to a next section of the tunnel, to repeat actions of steps (a) to
(f).
Advantageous Effect
[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0021] A structure of the present invention is simple in which the cutting
part may perform a
feed movement and may feed more while stopping to operate, so as to improve
the operation
efficiency. A first rotary motor, a second rotary motor, and a motor hydraulic
cylinder together
form a humanoid wrist joint, so that an anchor rod drilling machine is more
flexible to operate
and can better adapt to the downhole complicated working environment. By means
of the
protection plate structure, the problem that the excavating time, supporting
time and anchoring
time are not matched in the existing tunnel excavating process is solved, and
the excavating
efficiency is greatly improved.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] To more clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of
the present
invention or in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the
drawings required for
describing the embodiments or the prior art. Apparently the drawings in the
following
description show merely some embodiments in the present invention, and a
person of ordinary
skill in the art may obtain other drawings on from these drawings without any
creative effort.
[0023] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram according to the present
invention.
[0024] FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting part according to
the present
invention.
[0025] FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an anchoring and supporting
part according
to the present invention.
[0026] FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a baffle according to the
present invention.
[0027] FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a humanoid wrist joint
connecting an anchor
rod drilling machine with a pitching sliding block in FIG. 3.
Date Recue/Date Received 2020-11-12
[0028] In the figures: 1 longitudinal axis type excavating machine body; 2
cutting part; 2.1
cutting part bottom plate; 2.2 cutting head; 2.3 swing member; 2.4 base; 2.5
first sliding block;
2.6 feed hydraulic cylinder; 2.7 swing hydraulic cylinder; 2.8 cylindrical
slide rail; 2.9 pitching
hydraulic cylinder; 3 anchoring and supporting part; 3.1 anchoring and
supporting part bottom
plate; 3.2 feed sliding block; 3.3 pitching slide rail 3.4 pitching sliding
block; 3.5 anchor rod
drilling machine sliding block; 3.6 anchor rod drilling machine; 3.7 first
rotary motor; 3.8
motor hydraulic cylinder; 3.9 second rotary motor; 3.10 anchoring and
supporting part pitching
hydraulic cylinder; 4 baffle; 4.1 baffle bottom plate; 4.2 baffle slide plate;
4.3 first baffle; 4.4
second baffle; 4.5 baffle leveling hydraulic cylinder; 4.6 baffle pitching
hydraulic cylinder; 4.7
baffle slide rail; 4.8 baffle advancing and retreating hydraulic cylinder.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0029] The following clearly and completely describes the technical solutions
in embodiments
of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the
embodiments of
the present disclosure. Apparently, the described embodiments are merely some
but not all of
the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a
person of
ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present disclosure
without creative
effects shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
[0030] As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, the embodiments provide an excavating,
supporting and
anchoring integrated machine system for downhole rapid excavating.
[0031] The system includes a longitudinal axis type excavating machine body 1,
where a
cutting part 2 capable of feeding and used for cutting a section, an anchoring
and supporting
part 3 moving flexibly, working at a plurality of angles, and used for driving
an anchor rod on
the cut section, and a baffle 4 playing a role in temporary support and
protecting the anchoring
and supporting part are disposed on the longitudinal axis type excavating
machine body 1.
[0032] The cutting part 2 includes a cutting part bottom plate 2.1 welded on
the longitudinal
axis type excavating machine body 1, a cylindrical slide rail 2.8 is disposed
on the cutting part
bottom plate 2.1, a first sliding block 2.5 is correspondingly disposed on the
cylindrical slide
rail 2.8, the first sliding block 2.5 is connected to a base 2.4, a feed
hydraulic cylinder 2.6 is
connected between the base 2.4 and the cutting part bottom plate 2.1, an
operating amplitude
of the base is 0 mm to 2000 mm, a function of the base is to cut a deeper
section after cutting
a section without moving the vehicle body, so as to improve the cutting
efficiency, the base 2.4
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Date Recue/Date Received 2020-11-12
is hinged with a swing member 2.3 being able to swing left and right, the
swing member 2.3 is
driven by using a swing hydraulic cylinder 2.7 connected to the base 2.4, the
swing member
2.3 is hinged with a cutting head 2.2 being able to pitch up and down, the
cutting head 2.2 is
driven by using a pitching hydraulic cylinder 2.9 connected to the swing
member 2.3, a swing
amplitude of the swing member 2.3 is -35 degrees to 35 degrees, the cutting
head 2.2 and the
swing member 2.3 are connected through a pair of pins, and a pitching
amplitude of the cutting
head 2.2 is -15 degrees to 35 degrees. Through a joint action of the swing
hydraulic cylinder
and the pitching hydraulic cylinder, S-shaped section cutting may be made by
the cutting head.
10033] The anchoring and supporting part 3 includes an anchoring and
supporting part bottom
plate 3.1 welded on two sides of the longitudinal axis type excavating machine
body 1, the
anchoring and supporting part bottom plate 3.1 is connected to a feed sliding
block 3.2 through
a slide rail, the feed sliding block 3.2 provides power by connecting to a
gear rack to push the
feed sliding block to move forward and backward along a slide rail direction,
the feed sliding
block 3.2 is hinged with a pitching slide rail 3.3 being able to pitch up and
down, a pitching
sliding block 3.4 is correspondingly disposed on the pitching slide rail 3.3,
the pitching sliding
block 3.4 provides power by the gear rack to drive the pitching sliding block
to move forward
and backward along the pitching slide rail direction, the pitching slide rail
3.3 is driven by using
an anchoring and supporting part pitching hydraulic cylinder 3.10 installed on
the feed sliding
block 3.2, a second rotary motor 3.9 is disposed on the pitching sliding block
3.4, the second
rotary motor 3.9 is hinged with a first rotary motor 3.7, a motor hydraulic
cylinder 3.8 driving
the first rotary motor 3.7 to pitch up and down is disposed on the second
rotary motor 3.9, the
first rotary motor 3.7 is connected to an anchor rod drilling machine 3.6
through an anchor rod
drilling machine sliding block 3.5, and the first rotary motor 3.7, the second
rotary motor 3.9,
and the motor hydraulic cylinder 3.8 together form a humanoid wrist joint, so
that an anchor
rod drilling machine is more flexible to operate and can better adapt to the
downhole
complicated working environment. The first rotary motor and the second rotary
motor are
respectively connected to the anchor rod drilling machine sliding block and
the pitching sliding
block, the anchor rod drilling machine may slide relative to the anchor rod
drilling machine
sliding block through the gear rack, and the first rotary motor 3.7 and the
second rotary motor
3.9 control a rotation angle by using a rotary encoder, and implement precise
control of a
posture of the anchor rod drilling machine through feedback control of the
rotary encoder and
a motor hydraulic cylinder servo system.
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Date Recue/Date Received 2020-11-12
[0034] The baffle 4 includes a baffle bottom plate 4.1 welded on a rear side
of the longitudinal
axis type excavating machine body 1, a baffle slide plate 4.2 is slidably
disposed on the baffle
bottom plate 4.1 through a baffle slide rail 4.7, the baffle slide plate 4.2
is driven to slide by
using a baffle advancing and retreating hydraulic cylinder 4.8 installed on
the baffle bottom
plate 4.1, the baffle slide plate 4.2 is hinged with a first baffle 4.3 being
able to pitch up and
down, the first baffle 4.3 is driven by using a baffle pitching hydraulic
cylinder 4.6 installed on
the baffle slide plate 4.2, the first baffle 4.3 is hinged with a second
baffle 4.4 playing a role in
anchor net installation and temporary support, and the second baffle 4.4 is
driven to level by
using a baffle leveling hydraulic cylinder 4.5 installed on the first baffle
4.3. A movement
amplitude of the baffle slide plate 4.2 is 0 mm to 2000 mm, a pitching
amplitude of the first
baffle 4.3 is 10 degrees to 80 degrees, and an adjustment amplitude between
the second baffle
4.4 and the first baffle 4.3 is 120 degrees to 180 degrees. A shape of a front
portion of the
second baffle 4.4 is a cambered net, which may better fit a shape of a top of
a tunnel on one
hand, and may drive an anchor rod into a top plate and a side wall of the
tunnel through the
second baffle on the other hand. A pitching movement of the first baffle 4.3
operates
synchronously with a leveling movement of the second baffle 4.4, so that the
work efficiency
may be increased.
[0035] The embodiments further provide a method for using the foregoing
system, the method
specifically including the following steps:
[0036] (a) moving the longitudinal axis type excavating machine body 1 to a
section of a tunnel,
opening a front support and a rear support, a worker placing the anchor net on
the second baffle
4.4, the first baffle 4.3 and the second baffle 4.4 completing a lifting
action and a leveling action
under an action of two hydraulic cylinder groups, the baffle slide plate 4.2
advancing, and the
baffle 4 performing temporary support;
[0037] (b) the feed hydraulic cylinder 2.6 of the cutting part 2 extending, to
push the cutting
head 2.2 to feed forward for a set distance and then give a feedback to
control the feed hydraulic
cylinder 2.6 to stop extending, and then the swing hydraulic cylinder 2.7 and
the pitching
hydraulic cylinder 2.9 acting together, so that the cutting head 2.2 starts to
cut the section of
the tunnel along an S shape;
[0038] (c) at the same time of performing step (b), pushing the feed sliding
block 3.2 of the
anchoring and supporting part 3 to move forward for a specified distance by
using the gear
rack, the anchoring and supporting part pitching hydraulic cylinder 3.10
extending for a set
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Date Recue/Date Received 2020-11-12
distance and giving a feedback to control the anchoring and supporting part
pitching hydraulic
cylinder to stop extending, so that the pitching slide rail 3.3 swings to a
specified angle; and
the first rotary motor 3.7, the second rotary motor 3.9, and the motor
hydraulic cylinder 3.8
acting together, so that a posture of the anchor rod drilling machine 3.6 is
changed to a specified
posture, and the anchor rod drilling machine 3.6 performs an action of driving
an anchor rod,
to support the anchor net to a roof plate of the tunnel;
[0039] (d) after the cutting head 2.2 completes a round of S-shaped section
cutting, the feed
hydraulic cylinder 2.6 extending for a specific distance, to perform a next
round of S-shaped
section cutting, and at the same time, the second rotary motor 3.9 of the
anchoring and
supporting part 3 swinging counterclockwise by a specific angle, to drive a
next anchor rod;
[0040] (e) after the anchoring and supporting part 3 completes anchor rod
driving on a section,
the baffle slide plate 4.2 moving backward, the baffle slide plate 4.2 exiting
the temporary
support, and the feed sliding block 3.2 moving forward, to perform anchor rod
support of a
next section; and
[0041] (f) after the cutting head 2.2 completes a second round of S-shaped
section cutting, the
feed hydraulic cylinder 2.6 contracting, the cutting head 2.2 returning to an
initial position, the
feed sliding block 3.2 of the anchoring and supporting part 3 moving backward
to an end, the
anchoring and supporting part pitching hydraulic cylinder 3.10, the first
rotary motor 3.7, the
second rotary motor 3.9, and the motor hydraulic cylinder 3.8 acting together,
the anchoring
and supporting part 3 returning to an initial position, the front support and
the rear support of
the longitudinal axis type excavating machine body 1 retracting, and the
longitudinal axis type
excavating machine body 1 moving forward to a next section of the tunnel, to
repeat actions of
steps (a) to (f).
[0042] Apparently, a person skilled in the art may make various modifications
and variations
to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the
present invention.
In this way, if these modifications and variations of the present invention
fall within the scope
of the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof,
the present invention
also intends to include these changes and variations.
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