ROLLER CRUSHER AND DRIVE TRAIN THEREFOR

BROYEUR A ROULEAUX ET CHAINE CINEMATIQUE ASSOCIEE

English Abstract

The invention relates to a drive train for a roller crusher having at least one transmission and a motor, wherein the motor drives the drive shaft of the transmission directly and the output shaft of the transmission directly drives the roller crusher. Driven directly, in this context, means that the force transmission occurs without slippage, meaning not via a belt drive or something similar. According to the invention, the transmission is designed such that the drive and output shafts are on the same side of the transmission and thus the motor and roller crusher are also arranged on the same side of the transmission. The drive train advantageously thus makes a hairpin bend, by means of which the total length of the crusher can be significantly reduced. According to the invention, an articulated shaft is particularly preferably arranged between the motor and the transmission or between the transmission and the roller crusher. The motor or the crusher can thus be advantageously arranged offset to the transmission, and the crusher designed to be even smaller. The effort required to align the motor shaft or the shaft of the crusher roller with the transmission shaft is furthermore advantageously eliminated.

French Abstract

La chaîne cinématique selon l'invention destinée à un broyeur à rouleaux comprend au moins une transmission et un moteur. Le moteur entraîne directement l'arbre d'entraînement de la transmission, l'arbre de sortie de la transmission entraîne directement le broyeur à rouleaux. Entraîné directement signifie dans le contexte de la présente invention que la transmission de la force est effectuée sans glissement, en d'autres termes qu'elle n'est pas effectuée par l'intermédiaire d'un système d'entraînement par courroie ou similaire. Selon l'invention, la transmission est configurée de telle manière que l'arbre d'entraînement et l'arbre de sortie se trouvent sur le même côté de la transmission, et donc que le moteur et le broyeur à rouleaux sont disposés également sur le même côté de transmission. La chaîne cinématique effectue de manière avantageuse un tour tel que la longueur totale d'un broyeur s'en trouve considérablement réduite. Un arbre à cardan est disposé de manière particulièrement préférée entre le moteur et la transmission ou entre la transmission et le broyeur à rouleaux. Ainsi, le moteur ou le broyeur peuvent être disposés avantageusement de manière décalée par rapport à la transmission, et le broyeur peut être réalisé de manière à présenter de plus petites dimensions. De plus, le recours à des moyens servant à aligner l'arbre de moteur ou l'arbre du cylindre de broyeur par rapport à l'arbre à cardan concerné est de manière avantageuse inutile.

Claims

Claims:
1. A drive train for a roller crusher, having at least one transmission and
a motor, wherein
the motor drives the drive shaft of the transmission directly and the output
shaft of the
transmission drives the roller crusher directly, wherein the transmission is
designed such
that the drive and output shafts are arranged on the same side of the
transmission and thus
the motor and roller crusher are also arranged on the same side of the
transmission,
wherein an articulated shaft is arranged between the motor and the
transmission and a
coupling is arranged both between the articulated shaft and the motor and
between the
articulated shaft and the transmission and a mounted intermediate shaft is
arranged
between the coupling on the motor shaft and the articulated shaft.
2. The drive train in accordance with claim 1, wherein a brake is provided,
which brakes the
drive train upon actuation.
3. A roller crusher having at least two crushing rollers, wherein at least
one crushing roller is
driven by a drive train in accordance with claim 1 or 2.
4. The roller crusher in accordance with claim 3, wherein the roller
crusher has two crushing
rollers, which are both driven via a drive train each.
5. The roller crusher in accordance with claim 4, wherein the crushing
rollers are connected
via synchronizing wheels.
6. The roller crusher in accordance with claim 3, wherein the crusher has
two crushing
rollers, which are connected via synchronizing wheels and only one crushing
roller is
driven by the drive train.
7. The roller crusher in accordance with any one of claims 3-6, wherein the
motor is
fastened to a housing of the roller crusher.
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8. The roller crusher in accordance with any one of claims 3-7, wherein the
at least one
transmission is fastened to a housing of the roller crusher.
9. The roller crusher in accordance with any one of claims 3-8, wherein the
crusher, motor
and at least one transmission are arranged on a common basic frame.
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Description

CA 02909569 2015-10-15
Roller Crusher and Drive Train Therefor
The present invention pertains to a drive train for a roller crusher and a
roller crusher having such
a drive train, wherein the crushers can be used as size reduction machines for
minerals in mining.
Various types of roller crushers, which are a subgroup of sizers, are known. A
distinction is
made between the number of rollers and the type of drive. Double roller
crushers having two
crushing rollers are frequently used. These roller crushers have a drive on
one side, i.e., only one
roller is driven, or one drive on both sides. By means of a synchronization of
the two crusher
shafts, both can be driven by a drive located on one side. A transmission is
usually provided
between the motor and the crusher in the drive train. Such a crusher is
presented, for example, in
WO 2010/032037. In addition to the large space needed for installation of such
a crusher, the
high effort required for the alignment of the drive train is also a drawback.
Direct drives are very often used in size reduction machines in mining. Direct
drive here means
that the drive force is transmitted via shafts and optionally also
transmissions or couplings. In
addition, roller crushers are known, in which the motors are arranged axially
parallel to the
crushing rollers next to the crusher and the transmission of force to the
crushing rollers is brought
about by means of a belt drive. Furthermore, the axis of one of the crushing
rollers is designed as
displaceable parallel to the axis direction in this embodiment variant, as a
result of which an
overload protection as well as an adjustability of the crushing gap is
ensured. An example of
such a crusher is presented in the "C800 series hybrid" prospectus of the firm
of Sandvik from
2010. The drawback is the slippage resulting due to the belt drive, which
makes a defined angle
of meshing of the two crushing rollers with one another impossible and, in
addition, a consistent
particle size cannot be ensured due to the enlargement of the crushing gap in
overload situations.
Furthermore, the belt drive, because of the large belt rollers, needs an
increased effort for safety,
must be protected against crushed minerals flying around and is, in addition,
high-maintenance.
The object of the present invention is thus to propose a drive train for a
roller crusher, which
makes possible a compact construction of the roller crusher. The crusher
shall, in addition, be
able to be constructed and mounted in a simple manner.
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The drive train according to the present invention for a roller crusher has at
least one transmission
and a motor, wherein the motor drives the drive shaft of the transmission
directly and the drive
shaft of the transmission drives the roller crusher directly. Directly driven
means, in the context
of this document, that the transmission of force takes place without slippage,
i.e., not via a belt
drive or the like. According to the present invention, the transmission is
designed such that the
drive and output shafts lie on the same side of the transmission and thus the
motor and the roller
crusher are arranged on the same side of the transmission as well. The drive
train thus
advantageously makes a hairpin bend, as a result of which the entire length of
the crusher can be
considerably reduced.
An articulated shaft is particularly preferably arranged between the motor and
transmission or
between the transmission and roller crusher. Due to the use of the articulated
shaft, the motor or
the crusher can advantageously be arranged offset to the transmission, and
thus a crusher can be
designed to be even smaller. The effort required for the alignment of the
motor shaft or of the
shaft of the crushing roller with the respective transmission shaft is,
furthermore, advantageously
eliminated.
Furthermore, a coupling, especially a fluid coupling, is preferably arranged
between the motor
and the transmission. Thus, the motor can advantageously first build up speed
and torque when
starting, before there is a connection to the crushing roller.
An intermediate shaft is also particularly preferably arranged between the
fluid coupling and the
articulated shaft. This intermediate shaft is preferably mounted in a support
on a motor platform,
the basic frame or on the crusher housing. Consequently, the motor shaft is
partially relieved and
does not have to absorb forces from the function of the articulated shaft. The
fluid coupling is
thus advantageously supported on the intermediate shaft and the motor mount.
Furthermore, a coupling, and particularly a safety coupling, is likewise
preferably arranged
between the articulated shaft and the transmission. This coupling is released
in case of an
overload and thus advantageously forms an overload protection of the crusher.
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Moreover, a brake which brakes or blocks the drive train when actuated is
advantageously
provided. It can thus advantageously be ensured that movement of the crushing
rollers can be
ruled out during operation in the crusher. A rotation of the crushing rollers
is to be feared, for
example, due to the change in the center of gravity of the roller due to the
removal of crushing
tools. For example, the brake may be a disk brake mounted at the transmission
or arranged at
another position of the drive train.
The roller crusher according to the present invention has at least two
crushing rollers, wherein at
least one of the crushing rollers is driven by an above-described drive train
according to the
present invention. The roller crusher may thus advantageously be designed as
considerably more
compact by the motor(s) being arranged next to the housing of the roller
crusher.
The roller crusher particularly preferably has two crushing rollers, which are
both driven via a
drive train each. The motors are both arranged directly next to the housing of
the roller crusher in
this configuration. To ensure a constant angle of meshing of both crushing
rollers with one
another, the crushing rollers may, in addition, be connected by synchronizing
wheels. Here, the
synchronizing wheels are arranged, for example, on the non-driven side of the
crushing rollers in
the vicinity of the mount in the housing wall of the roller crusher.
In an alternative design, the roller crusher has two crushing rollers, which
are each connected via
synchronizing wheels, wherein only one crushing roller is driven by a drive
train. The
transmission of the drive torque for the second crushing roller then takes
place via the
synchronizing wheels.
The selection of the concrete design of the roller crusher with respect to the
alternatives one or
two drive trains and with or without synchronization depends on the
requirements of the specific
crusher.
The motor or motors is/are particularly preferably fastened to the housing of
the roller crusher. In
addition, the transmission or transmissions may, furthermore, preferably be
fastened to the
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CA 02909569 2015-10-15
housing of the roller crusher. Advantageously, it is thus possible to dispense
with using a basic
platform, which, because of the mechanical requirements and the high weights
of the assembly
units to be arranged, would have to have a very stable and thus cost-intensive
design, and the
crusher housing, which has an extremely stable design anyway, may be used
instead. Thus, the
weight of the roller crusher can also advantageously be considerably reduced.
As an alternative, the roller crusher, motor and transmission may be arranged
on a common basic
frame. In this case, the transmission is preferably displaced in an
articulated manner, as a result
of which no constraining forces act on the basic frame. Thus, the basic frame
advantageously no
longer has to have such a stable design, which reduces costs.
An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is explained below on the
basis of figures, in
which:
Figure 1 shows a roller crusher according to the present invention with two
crushing rollers and
two drive trains according to the present invention,
Figure 2 shows a detailed view of the drive train according to the present
invention, and
Figure 3 shows a top view of the drive train.
Figure 1 shows a roller crusher according to the present invention with two
drive trains. The
roller crusher has two crushing rollers 3, which are arranged in a housing 2.
Two transmissions
4, the drive shafts of which are arranged coaxially to the crushing rollers 3
and are connected to
same, are arranged on one side of the housing 2, which is at right angles to
the crushing rollers 3.
The drive shafts are arranged on the same side of the transmission 4 as the
output shafts, but
further outside so that the axis of the shaft points next to the housing 2 of
the roller crusher. In
addition, two motors 6, each of which drives via an articulated shaft 8 one of
the transmissions 4,
are arranged next to the housing 2 of the [sic, word(s) missing] extensively
axially parallel to the
crushing rollers 3. A fluid coupling 7 each is also inserted between the
articulated
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shafts 8 and the motors 6. The fluid coupling essentially improves the start-
up behavior in case
of overflow of the roller crusher. A joint 9 is located at both ends of the
articulated shafts 8.
Figure 2 shows a detailed view of a drive train according to the present
invention. The motor 6 is
connected to the articulated shaft 8 via the fluid coupling 7, and a safety
coupling 11 is also
arranged between the articulated shaft 8 and the transmission, said safety
coupling being used for
overload protection. Synchronizing wheels 10 are fastened at the ends of the
crushing roller 3
facing away from the transmission 4. The transmission 4 is arranged on a
transmission platform
41 and the motor 6 is arranged on a motor platform 61.
In addition, a brake 5, which is designed as a disk brake, is arranged between
one of the motors 6
and one of the fluid couplings 7. Since the two crushing rollers 3 are
synchronized via
synchronizing wheels (not shown in Figure 1), the entire system can be blocked
with only one
brake 5 in a drive train.
Figure 3 shows the drive train in a top view. The lateral offset between the
drive shaft of the
transmission 4 and the shaft of the motor 6, which is compensated by the
articulated shaft 8, can
be seen.
The motors 6 have an output of 560 kW, at a voltage of 6 kV and operate at a
nominal speed of
1,500 rpm and a torque of 3.6 kNm. The transmissions 4 are designed as three-
stage spur gear
slip-on gear mechanisms. The crushing rollers 3 have a diameter of approx. 1.8
m and a length of
2.6m.
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List of Reference Numbers
1 Basic frame
2 Housing
3 Crushing roller
4 Transmission
41 Transmission platform
5 Brake
6 Motor
61 Motor platform
7 Fluid coupling
8 Articulated shaft
9 Joint
10 Synchronizing wheel
11 Safety coupling
6

Representative Drawing