Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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This invention relates to crushing apparatus, and
has more particular reference to plants in which gravel is
crushed, graded and finally discharged from the plant at one or
more delivery zones thereon.
Examples of crushing plants of the type herein
concerned can be ~ound in the Quinn Canadian Patent No. 937,915,
issued December 4, 1~73.
It is the primary purpose of this invention to ;
provide a crushing plant which features an unusual degree of
simplicity yet functions to crush material in a remarkably
efficient way, with a minimum of handling of said materials. ~ -
More particularly, this invention has as an object ~
the provision of a crushing plant which can be operated either -
in conjunction with auxiliary crushing apparatus or entirely
independently of any additional crushing apparatus.
With these observations and objectives in mind,
the manner in which the invention achieves its purpose will be -~
appreciated from the following description and the accompanying
drawings, which examplify the invention, it being understood
that changes may be made in the specific apparatus disclosed
herein without~departing from the essentials of the invention
set forth in the appended claims.
In one aspect the invention provides elongated crushing
apparatus having at itÇrear a vibratory receiving and classifying
unit for input materials, and having a crushing station forwardly
thereof; a pair of lengthwise adjacent conveyors extending for-
wardl~ and upwardly beyond said crushing station and having lower
portions which extend under said station; means comprising crusher
means at said station, from which crushed materials issue to
drop onto the lower portion of one of said conveyors to be
delivered thereby to a high load discharge zone at the front of
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said apparatus; ~creen means on said vibratory unit at a plurality
of levels, and comprising a first screen member for vibrationally
conducting over size input materials ~forwardly to ~aid crusher
means, and a second screen member beneath the first screen
member, and means beneath the second screen member for conducting
final product size materials that pass therethrough onto the
lower portion of the other of said conveyors to be delivered
thereby to a high level discharge zone at the front of said
apparatus.
The accompanying drawings illustrate two complete
examples of the embodiments of the invention constructed according
to the best mode so far devised for the practical application of
the principles thereof, and in which:
Figure 1 is a side elevation of a crushing plant of this
invention shown as the rear or rec~iving section of a plant
comprising both rear and front crushing sections;
Figure ~a is a side elevational view of the front
crushing section;
Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary side view, partially
in elevation and partly in section, illustrating a
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104~4~36
portion of the rear section;
Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary side view of
the front section, shown partly in sec-tion and partly in
elevation;
Figure 4 is a cross sectional view taken on the
plane of the line 4-4 in Figure 2; and
Figure 5 is a fragmentary view similar to Figure
2, but illustrating a modified embodiment:of the invention;
Referring now to the accompanying drawings, the
numeral 5 generally designates -the rear or primary section of an
elongated crushing plant, here shown as also comprising a front
or secondary section 6 forwardly adjacent to the primary section.
Materials to be crushed are loaded into a material
receiving and classifying unit 7 at an input station on the back
of the primary section 5. The material receiving and classify-
ing unit is of the vibratory type having upper and lower screen
decks 8 and 9, respectively; and i-t is suppor-ted by the frame
10 of the primary section chassis at an elevation above a pair
of longitudinally adjacent gate structures 11 and 12 which in
turn aree~ocated over an upper substan~ially narrow rejection
conveyor 13 and a lower substan-tially wider retention conveyor
14.
Both conveyors are of the belt type, and the narrow
upper conveyor 13 is centered over the wider lower conveyor 14.
The gate structures 11 and 12 are located over the
front and rear portions of the upper conveyor 13, and the latter
projects rearwardly a short dis-tance beyond the rear of the lower
conveyor 14. The gate and conveyor structures, which will be
discussed in greater detail hereinafter, are similar to those
disclosed in my copending Canadian application for pa-ten-t Serial
No. 203,770, filed July 2, 1974; and they make it possible for
fines which pass through both screen decks, to be rejected when
they~ are directed onto the upper conveyor 13, or retained as part
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of the final product material produced by -the plant when they
are directed onto the lower conveyor 14.
Mounted on the primary or rear section S in a
crushing zone located directly ahead of the vibratory unit 7,
is a crusher device 16. The crusher device has been illustrated
by way of example as comprising a twin roll crusher, although
jaw or other types of crushers can be employed if desired.
An engine 17 provides a source of power for the
crusher device 16 and for the vibratory unit 7, and is operatively
connected thereto in a conventional manner.
The chassis frame 10 extends forwardly beyond the
engine 17 for only a short distance, and is there supported by
sets of tandem wheels 18. Rear wheels 13' support the rear of
the chassis frame, and are located under the rear portion of the
vibratory unit 7.
According to this invention, the primary crushing
section 5 is provided with a pair of elongated belt type
conveyors 19 and 20. These conveyors ex-tend longitudinally of
the chassis frame 10 from which they are supported, and they are
mounted one over the other with the conveyor 19 uppermos-t and
spaced a slight distance above the lower conveyor 20.
The upper conveyor 19 is mounted on the frame 10
so as to extend forwardly and at an upward inclination under the ;~:
crusher device 16. It extends rearwardly beyond the outlet 22
of the crusher device so as to receive crushed materials dis-
; charging therefrom, and it termina-tes at a location adjacent
to the fore portion of the input zone at which the vibratory
unit 7 is mounted. It will be noted, therefore, that the rear
end of the upper conveyor 19 is positioned slightly forwardly
of and at a lower level than the front end of the conveyor 14.
The lower conveyor 20 extends rearwardly a slight
distance beyond the rear end of the upper conveyor to terminate
substantially directly under the forward end of the conveyor 14.
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The forward ends of the upper and lower
conveyors 19 and 20 terminate at elevated discharge zones a
distance forwardly of the front end of the chassis frame 10; and ~ ~ -
t~le front end of -the upper conveyor e~tends a short distance
forwardly beyond that of the lower conveyor.
Input materials -to be processed are loaded
into the vibratory unit 7 in any suitable fashion, and are
received on the upper screen deck 8 thereof. Large size pieces
of material are retained on the screen deck 8 and are vibration-
ally advanced in the forward direction thereby to a chutestructure 24. The chute 24 directs these large size pieces of
input material into the inlet 26 of -the crusher device 16, for
crushing, and the crushed material issuing from its outlet 22
drops onto the upper conveyor 19 to be carried to a high dis-
charge zone at its front end.
Smaller pieces of input material loaded into
the vibratory unit 7 pass through the mesh of the screen of deck
8 and drop onto the lower screen deck 9. The mesh size of the
lower screen deck is preferably selected to p~ss materials of
final product size along with fines which can be defined as sand,
dust and the like. All materials that pass through the mesh of ;~
screen deck 9 drop into a hopper 28 therebelow, the bottom of
which is defined by the lower conveyor 14.
The gate structures 11 and 12 are mounted in
the hopper, and each gate structure comprises a pair of hinged
upright plates 30 mounted to swing about axes 31 adjacent to
opposite sides of the conveyor 13. The conveyor 13 is substan-
tially narrower than the conveyor 14, so that when the two gate
forming plates of either gate structure are swung to inner posi~
tions with their upper ends in engagement with one another~ they
form a roof over the upper conveyor to prevent material from
dropping onto it, and they cooperate with the inwardly sloping
side walls 32 of the hopper to direct material by-passing
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conveyor 13 onto the wider lower conveyor 14.
When the gate forming plates of either gate
structure are swung outwardly to their outermost limits of motion,
they direct material passing through screen deck 9 onto the upper
conveyor 13. Of course, the plates can be placed in different
positions of adjustment on their pivots to divide the amount of
pass-through materials between the two conveyors 13 and 14.
With this arrangement of front and rear gate
structures 11 and 12, the fines can generally be separated from
the input material over the rear gate structure 12 and directed
thereby onto the upper conveyor 13. The conveyor 13 is so driven
that its upper stretch travels rearwardly, so as to carry the
fines to a discharge zone at the rear of the plant.
Most of the input material of final product
size ordinarily drops through the screen decks at a location
over the front gate structure 11. The plates of the front gate
structure can then be set to bypass materials around the upper
conveyor 13 and direct them onto the lower conveyor 14. Since
the lower conveyor is driven to have its upper stretch travel
in the forward direction, the input material of final product `~
size thereon is carried off of the front of the conveyor and :
into a chute structure 34. The chu-te structure 34 is slanted , :
downwardly and forwardly to discharge onto the rear or receiving
end portion of the conveyor 20.
Input ma-terials of larger than final product
size which fail to pass through the lower screen 9 are vibration- ~
ally advanced forwardly thereby and into a chute s-tructure 36. ~ :
The chute structure 36.extends downwardly behind the crusher
device 16 and has its discharge end arranged over the rear or
receiving end portion of the conveyor 19. Such oversize material
deposited on the conveyor 19 is carried upwardly and forwardly
along with crushed material from the crusher device 16 to the
aforesaid high level discharge zone at the front of primary
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crushing sectiOn 5. 104~a~
From the descrip-tion thus far, it will be
evident that the primary crushing sec-tion 5 can be considered
as a complete crushing plant capable of delivering product of
two different sizes at the forward ends of conveyors 19 and 20.
Also, if the fines are to be kept and mixed with the product of
smaller size carried by the conveyor 20, the rear gates 12 can
be closed over conveyor 13 to allow the fines to fall onto -the
forwardly driven conveyor 14.
As shown, however, the crushing plant can
also be comprised of a front or secondary crushing section 6 :
which can be similar to some of those disclosed in my aforesaid
Canadian application 203,770. For example~ the front section
6 also comprises a chassis having front and rear wheels 41 and
42, respectively, and a frame 43 having a dropped center portion
44. ~;
A drum type elevator 46 is carried by the
frame 43 at said dropped center portion for rotation on a longi-
tudinal axis. The elevator drum is located forwardly adjacent
to a vibratory receiving unit 48 and rearwardly adjacent to a
secondary crusher device 50 of any suitable type.
As shown, the materials discharging from the
upper conveyor 19 on the primary section 5 drop onto a screen
deck 52 in the upper portion of the vibratory uni-t 48. Some of
these materials will pass through the mesh of the screen deck
52, but most will be advanced as carryover materials and dis-
charged into the receiving end of a conveyor 54. The conveyor
54 can also be of the belt typeeand it extends upwardly and for-
wardly from the front of the vibratory unit 48, through the
interior of the drum elevator, to the inlet 56 of the secondary
crusher device 50.
The crushed materials issuing from the outlet
57 of the crusher device 50 fall onto the screen 58 of a vibratory
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shaker unit 59 located under the crusher device, and pieces of
final product size will pass through the screen -to fall onto an
elongated conveyor 60 below the shaker unit. Any pieces of
material which are larger than final product size, however, ~ill
be vibrationally carried rearwardly onithe screen of the shaker
unit and into -the lower interior portion of the elevator 46, for
recirculation back to -the crusher device 50 via conveyor 54.
Materials of final product size which pass
through the mesh of screen deck 52 on the vibratory unit 48 fall
through a hopper 62 therebeneath onto the upper forwardly driven
stretch of a belt conveyor 64 at the bottom of the hopper for
transfer to the conveyor 60. Conveyor 64 extends fore and aft
the full length of the vibratory unit 48, and its rear end pro-
jects a short distance beyond -the back of the unit to receive
materials discharging from the forward end of conveyor 20 on the
primary crushing section.
Hence, the final product size material from
the conveyor 20, along with other final product size materials
passing through the screens 52 and 58 are deposited on conveyor
60 to be carried forwardly and upwardly thereby to a high level
discharge zone at the front of the secondary crushing section 6.
It should be observed, however, that a downwardly and forwardly
inclined chute 66 is mounted at the front of ~onveyor 64 to
facilitate transfer of materials therefrom to the rear portion
of conveyor 60.
It will also be observed that the three
lengthwise adjacent conveyors 20~ 64 and 60 in effect provide
what amounts to a single continuous delivery conveyor extending
for the combined lengths of the plant provided by the two crush-
ing sections.
Figure 5 illustrates a modification of theprimary crushing apparatus having substantially the same vibra-
tory receiving and classifying unit 7 and upper and lower
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conveyors 13 and 14 thereunder, and superi~nposed conveyors 19
and 20 which extend under the crushing station. However, the
crusher means here comprises firs-t and second stage crushers 70
and 71, respec-tively, If desired, the first and second stage
crushers can comprise a double jaw type crusher, as shown.
The apparatus illustrated in Figure 5 also
differs from tha-t previously described in that the upper screen
deck 8 of vibratory unit 7 discharges carryover material along
a chute-like extension 73 and forwardly over the mouth of the
secondary crusher 71, into the mouth of the primary crusher 70.
The lower screen deck 9, in this case, advances carryover material
into the mouth of the secondary crusher 71, across a flap gate
75 forming the bottom of a chute structure 76. The flap gate
75 forms the bottom of the chute structure 76 until it is swung
from its horizontal position shown, -to a downwardly depending
position illustrated by broken lines. Carryover material then
passing forwardly off of the forward end of the lower screen ;
deck 9 can be made to bypass the crushers and instead flow onto
the rear end portion of the lower conveyor 20.
Upper and lower chute structures 77 and 78, ~-
respectively, then cooperate to deliver such bypassed material -to
~heconveyor 20. The lower chute structure 78 is on the order of
the chute 3~ in the first described embodiment of the invention.
It has an open top, and it is mounted in front of the lower
conveyor 14 to direct materials discharging from its forward end
onto the rear of conveyor 20.
The upper chute structure 77 is comprised of
two branches. A vertical branch 80 leads downwardly beneath the
flap gate 75 to a product delivery outlet 81 which opens to one
side of the apparatus. The upper chute structure also comprises
a rearwardly direc-ted branch 82 which is effective to direct
materials into the mouth of chute 78 at times when a ga-te 83
forming one bottom wall portion of said rearwardly directed
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branch is swung forwardly to its position seen in solid lines.
~hen swung to i-ts broken line upright position, gate 83 closes
off the mouth of chute branch 82 and permits materials entering
the upper end of branch 80 to discharge to the product delivery
outlet 81.
By this arrangement, carryover material on
the lower screen deck 9 of the vibratory unit 7 can be caused to
discharge onto the rear of conveyor 20, along with final product
material carried forwardly on conveyor 14 to chute 78. Alterna-
tively, the carryover material on screen deck 9 can be fed in-to
the mouth of the second stage 71 of the jaw crusher, which then
discharges the crushed material directly onto the rear portion
of the lower conveyor 20.
The first stage 70 of -the jaw crusher receives
the carryover material from -the upper screen deck 8, and it
discharges crushed material directly onto the rear portion of the
upper conveyor 19.
The upper and lower conveyors 19 and 20 can
again deliver final product of two different grades; or they
can discharge into a receiving and classifying uni-t such as that
described earlier, or into one having upper and lower screen
decks such as indicated.
Alternatively, the upper conveyor 19 can
discharge into a chute 85 which extends laterally to one side
of the apparatus and discharges onto the front end of an elonga-
ted belt conveyor 86. Chute 85 and conveyor 86 can be of the
portable type, and the conveyor extends upwardly and rearwardly
to discharge materials thereon into a chute 87. The chute 87
is sloped laterally inwardly toward the vibratory unit 7, so
as to discharge onto the upper screen deck 8 of the latter.
In this way, oversize materials issuing from
the first stage of the jaw crusher can be recirculated to the
input StatiQn. If such material is then sized to pass through
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the upper screen 8 but not the ower screen 9, it will be
retained on the lower screen and fed into the second stage of
the jaw crusher providing the flap gate 75 is in its horizontal
positlon .
From the foregoing description, -together with
-the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to those skilled
in the art that this invention provides crushing apparatus whîch
features simplicity of construction and minimal handling of the
materials processed therein.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate
that the invention can be embodied in forms other than as here-
in disclosed for purposes of illustratioh.
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