Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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The present invention relates to tools> more particularly, to
tools having an adapter portion, such as drills.
Straight chucks and adapters are known in the art and which may
be contrasted with the present construction wherein three balls and six
detents in an adapter are utilized, thereby requiring an average rotation
of 30 for engagement. One or two balls with corresponding number of
detents are also provided in the prior art whereby 180 or 360 rotation
could be required to engage. Further in contrast with this latter con-
figuration, the present invention utilizes a tool having recesses in the
form of dimples which arespherically shaped, thereby reducing angular
free play, instead of recesses as shown in the latter prior art configuration
which are elongated and therefore more difficult to generate. In accordance
with a first embodiment of a chuck for use with the invention a collar in
the chuck is raised in the direction of drilling so that the drill cannot
be dislodged when bumping the work piece, whereas the collar in the referenced
chuck moves in the opposite direction. The adapter in accordance with the
present invention is a low-cost integral throw-away portion of tool, e.g.,
drill, whereas the referenced adapter contains a tapered hole and is therefore
more expensive, being added temporarily to the drill. The present chuck
configuration is threaded for utilization in hand-held motors, whereas
` the referenced chuck utilizes morse taper adapted for large stationary
machines.
Another example of the prior art illustrative of tool-handling
chucks and adapters, utilizes a conical adapter, in contrast to the present
cylindrical adapter, which further utilizes a drill tool having an integral
adapter portion. This conical adapter is threaded to the drill tool and also
utilizes angled elongated recesses in the adapter to lock in the drilling
machine, thereby requiring some initial rotation until lock-up and requiring
further rotation for drill retraction. In accordance with an embodiment
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hereinafter described, the stop for the collar is provided in the chuck and
ball reliefs are utilized for indexing, the present collar also serving as the
spring holder, thereby permitting one pin to serve all functions. The
chuck used with the last-mentioned example of the prior art is of increased
complexity compared to the described chuck, in that two stops are provided
in the collar to stop rotation and two separate stops for the spring. In
contrast with the prior art extension spring, in an embodiment hereinafter
described a single wind-up spring is utilized in the chuck.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a tool for use in a
tool-holding chuck having locking means including a plurality of spherically
shaped balls for securing the tool, said tool comprising an elongated
cylindrically shaped body member, said tool having a working surface at a
first end thereof and an adapter portion at the other end of said elongated
f cylindrically shaped body member, said adapter portion having a beveled end
surface facing said working surface at said first end of said elongated
cylindrically shaped body member, said adapter portion having a plurality of
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spherically shaped d-imples equiangularly disposed about the
central axis of said tool around the outer surface of said
adapter portion, and said adapter portion further including
a circumferential recess surrounding said plurality of
spherically shaped dimples equiangularly disposed about the
central axis of said tool around the outer surface of said
adapter portion.
The invention, toqether with the objects and
features thereof, will be more clearly understood when the
following description is read in connection with the
accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a hand-held
portable motor having a spindle coaxial with the motor
central axis, showing a chuck having an axially spring-
biased collar and tool having an adapter portion coaxiarly
disposed in the chuck;
Figure 2 is a vertical cross section of the chuck
and tool shown in Figure l;
Figure 3 is a cross section of the chuck and tool
showing adapter portion thereof taken along line 3-3 of s
Figure 2;
Figure 4 is a cross section similar to Figure 2
of the chuck~and adapter portion of the tool showing the
adapter portion being withdrawn;
Figure 5 is a cross section taken along line 5-5
of Figure 4 showing ball elements of the chuck shown in
Figures 1 to 4 in an unlocked condition;
Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view showing
in more detail the chuck assembly and tool having an
adapter portion of Figure l;
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Figure 7 i~ ~ view in perspective of a hand-held
portable motor having a spindle angularly displaced 90~
with respect to the motor control a~:is, further showing a
chuc~ ~vinq a rotary spring-biased collar and tool having
~n adapter portion coaxially disposed in the chuck;
Figure 8 is an exploded perspective of the tool
and chuck of Figure 7:
Figure 9 is a vertical cross section of chuck and
adapter portion of the tool shown in Figure 7;
Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along
the lines 4-4 of chuck and adapter portion shown in Figure
9,
Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view similar to
Figure 9, however, showing the adapter portion being
withdrawn;
Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of chuck and
adapter portion of Figure 11 taken along the lines 6-6.
Turning now to Figure 1, it will be noted that
hand-held portable motor 10 is provided with a chuck 12
for retaining and driving a tool, viz., a drill bit 14
; having an adapter portion 16 concentrically disposed
within chuck 120 Figure 2 is a vertical cross section of
the chuck 12~and tool 14 of Figure 1 showing in more detail
the parts of the present system. Chuck 12 comprises a
generally cylindrically shaped body member 18 having a
hollow first end portion 20, concentrically disposed
hollow first end portion 20 is threaded on the inner wall
surface thereof to accept the mating threaded spindle 22
of portable motor 10.
Hollow first end portion 20 is concentric with
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hollow end portion 24 at the other end of cylindrically
shaped body member 18 of chuck 12 which accepts adapter
portion 26 of tool 14, thereby minimizing tool 14 run-out
tendencies. More detailed discussion of tool 14 configu-
S ration in hereinafter discussed in connection with Figure 6.
However, it should be noted that cylindrically sha~ed
adapter portion 26 includes six (6) sphericalIy shaped
dimples 28 equiangularly disposed about the central axis
of tool 14 around the outer surface of adapter portion 26.
Also it should be further noted that three balls 30 (more
easily seen in Figure 3) are controlled by chuck collar
member 32 and locked in dimples 28 (as shown in Figure 2)
to permit tool 14 retention, or withdrawn from dimples 28
(as seen in Figure 4) to permit tool 14 withdrawal.
In the chuck embodiment of Figures 1 to 5, balls
30 are disengaged for removing adapter portion 26 of tool
14 by raising spring-loaded collar member 32 of chuck 12,
thereby permitting balls 30 to move outward radially (with
respect to the chuck 12 central axis) into recesses 40
formed in the inner wall surface o~ collar member 32
adjacent radially extending shoulder portions 42 utilized
to lock balls 30 in dimples 28. When collar member 32 is
released, axially ~iasing spirally wound spring member 44
preloaded in position by retaining ring 47 will drive collar
member 32 downward when dimples 28 in adapter portion 26 are
aligned with balls 30 of chuck 12, thereby trapping balls
30 in dimples 28 of adapter portion 26. It will be noted
from Figure 4 that collar member 32 must be moved towards
the work piece beyond the end of tool 14 for tool removal,
thus accidental disengagement, which might occur when the
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work piece is contac~-ed, is prevented.
When adapter portion 26 is installed ~y insertion
into chuck 12 within body member 18, proper depth for
engaJement is realized upon contact with roll pin depth
stop 52. Adapter portion 26 i9 formed of hardened steel,
e.g. 1020 steel case-hardened, 1095 through-hardened, to
minimize dimple 28 brinelling and also for the purpose of
minimizing damage to the outside diameter thereof that
might occur in handling or storage. A slip fit is provided
between the outside diameter of adapter portion 26 and the
inner bore 24 diameter, e.g. .0005 to .0015 inches
clearance between these surfaces. Cylindrically shaped
body member 18 has an outer knurled surface 56, thereby
providing sufficient roughening to allow hand rotation of
body member 18 to free tool 14 in the event of handin-up
of tool 14 in the work piece. Collar member 32 is also
provided with a knurled outer surface 27 rearward of the
work piece. However, it is left smooth at the forward
region to minimize damage to the work piece that might
occur upon work contact. A disassembled exploded view is
shown in Figure 6 of the chuck 12 and tool 14 with adapter
portion 26, which adapter portion 26 has the front surface
58 thereof beveled to prevent work damage in the event of
contact therewith. A circumferential recess 67 is provided
in adapter portion 26 surrounding dimples 28 to clear debris
and permit some deformation of the dimples without preventing
insertion in the chuck.
Installation and removal of adapter 26 is
- accomplished in the following manner: collar 32 is gripped
at knurled portion 56 and raised, thus allowing the three
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balls 30 to be disengaged from the adapter detents 28 by
moving outward radially into the collar recess 40. Tool 14
and adapter 26 are now free for remo~tal of adapter 26.
During installation adapter 26 is pushed into the bore 24
' 5 with the collar 32 still raised, until roll pin depth stop
52 is reached. Now collar 32 is released and compression
spring 44 will automatically snap the collar 32 closed and
, trap the balls 30 between surface 42 and detents 28 upon
! rotation of adapter 26 to align detents 28 with ball
sockets 80.
Proceeding now to Figure 7, it will be seen that
a suitable hand-held angle motor 110 is utilized instead of
a straight drive motor 10 as shown in Figure 1, which motor
110 is provided with a chuck 112 having a rotary spring-
biased collar 212 (as seen in Figures 9 and 11) to drive
; tool 14, viz., a drill bit having an adapter portion 16 of
the same type shown in connection with the previous
description wherein the same numerals were utilized and
which description may be referred to for further under-
standing thereof. ChUck 112, shown;in more detail in a
cross-sectional view thereof in Figures 9 and 11, includes a
threaded first end portion 120 that receives spindle 122 of
angle motor 110. Threaded first end portion 120 is
concentric with bore 126 in the other end of body member 118,
which bore 126 is a slip fit accepts adapter portion 26 9f
tool 14, thereby minimizing tool 14 run-out tendencies. In
a comparison of Figures 9 and 11 hereinafter described with
respect to Figures 2 and 4 earlier described, it will be
observed that three (3) balls 30 are also utilized in chuck
112 as were utilized in chuck 12 and that balls 30 are also
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locked in the six (6) spherically shaped dimples 28 to
drive tool 14, albeit in a different manner as hereinafter
described, by chuck 112. ChUCk 112 utilizes a rotary
spring-biased collar member 212, biased by single-turn
spring 144, which collar member 212 upon rotation permits
removal of or insertion of adapter portion 26 of tool 14.
The aforementioned rotation of collar member 212 permits
balls 30 to move outwardly in a radial direction with
respect to the central axis of adapter 112 into recesses
206. When collar member 212 is released, wind-up single-
turn spring 144 (as readily seen in Figure 10) returns
collar member 212 to the engaged position against fixed
stopping member 228 which is pressed into body member 118,
thereby trapping balls 30 between dimples 28 and raised
areas 150.
It.should be noted that collar member 212 of
chuck 112 is rotated in the direction of tool 14 rotation
for removal of adapter portion 26, thereby preventing
accidental disengagement upon work contact by adapter
portion 26. Stopping member 228, which collar member 212
seats against, provides the further function of providing
anchoring means for one end of spring 114 (as readily
observed in Figure 10), while the other end of spring 114
is hooked over one of the spline-like recesses 206 in body
member 118 Over rotation of wind-up spring 114 is not
possible, since the recess 206 in collar member 212 reaches
stopping member 228 before spring 114 can be overwound.
Collar member 212 is provided with a slip fit on chuck body
member 118 and held in position by means of retaining ring
240~
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It should b~ further noted that when collar 212
is rotated in the direction of drill rotation, spring 114
is wound up between pin 228 and recess 151, thereby
allowing balls 30 to fall into recesses 206, which
S disengages balls 30 from the adapter dimples 28. When
installing adapter 26 with collar 212 rotated, adapter 26
is simply pushed into bore 126 until the bottom is reached.
Upon release of collar 212, collar 212 will auto~atically
snap closed to fixed pin 228 when adapted dimples 28 are
aligned with ball sockets 80, thereby providing positive
engagement with balls 30 trapped between detents 28 and
raised surfaces 150,
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