Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
: 1091133
The present invention refers to a heald of a textile
thread and to a method for the manufacture thereof. The invention
furthermore incorporates a device adopted for automatic bundling
of such healds.
Healds made from textile thread are used for hand looms,
and these healds have, since times immemorial, been made thereby
that a thread has been tied manually into a three-part loop,
which has been achieved with three knots. This is a very time-
wasting job, as it is required between 1000 and 3000 healds
for a loom of normal width, depending on the fabric to be woven,
and as a trained heald tier can make a maximum of about 800
healds during an eight hour work day. When it is thereabove
` considered that the thread healds are sensitive to wear and
therefore have to be replaced after some times~ use, is it
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easily understood that it can be difficult to cover the demand
for hand-tied thread healds. The possibility of hiring more
heald tiers is also limited as the payment for the work amounts
'~ to only a few Swedish ~ore pro each tied heald, which means that
the daily earnings for a heald tier in Sweden will be only
some ten Swedish Crowns. The work must therefore to a large
. extent be made as therapy work and the like. This means that
, there is always a latent need of hundreds or thousands of healds,
which in turn leads to waiting time for those who wish to
replace their worn-out set of healds or who wish to buy a new -
loom.
The manual tying furthermore gives raise to problems
regarding stock-keeping and handling as two tiers will not
necessarily make uniformly tied thread healds. It is therefore
necessary for heald retailers to store the production of each
tier apart from that of other tiers and also to keep records
over the type of healds delivered to every separate customer
for making it possible to give the customers the same type of
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` healds, having the particular properties given to them by
"their own" heald tier at a later replenishment or when a worn
out set of thread healds shall be replaced.
Another drawback at these hand tied thread healds
is that the knots are more than twice as thick as the very thread.
As 1000 or more healds are pressed against each other on heald
rods or on the shafts for forming the shed it is understood
that the knots which are arranged essentially in level with
each other will form bosses, which can damage the warp or -- -
become damaged by th~s.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a
heald at which the abovementioned drawbacks are all eliminated
and this is obtained thereby that the heald consists of two
crochetted threads, which are brought alongside each other, and
where loops from each one of said threads are arranged to grip
into each other at predetermined spaced apart positions along the
length of the two threads for forming connecting points intended
, to replace the knots of the conventional hand-tied heald,
ql for forming the closed heald with its heald eyelet.
The invention furthermore relates to a method for
making healds of this type and this method is characterized there-
by that a hosiery machine is used for crochetting two threads,
which are brought alongside each other and where, in order to
form the heald eyelet, loops in the two threads which are
situated in front of each other are crochetted together so that
one rib from each one of said loops grips into the opposite loop
of the other thread.
The invention also incorporates a device for automatic
bundling of healds of this type and this device is characterized
mainly by a pivotably supported threading-in-lever arranged
during a reciprocating movement to thread healds connected in a
continuous heald length onto a threading-fork, by carrying when
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moving in one direction the length of healds to a position above
the shanks of said threading-fork and to release said length of
healds at its reciprocating movement in the opposite direction,
a heald retainer furthermore being arranged to cooperate with
the threading-fork to retain each heald when being thread upon
~ the threading-fork.
; The invention will hereinafter be further described
with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Figure 1 shows a conventionally hand-tied heald in
which the knots have not been tightened for the sake of clarity,
Figure 2 shows in a view corresponding to figure 1 a
heald according to the invention,
' Figure 3 is a view in larger scale Of a portion of the
heald according to the invention and showing a connection point,
Figure 4 shows how a plurality of continuously connect-
ed healds according to the invention are arranged on heaid rods,
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Figure 5 is a schematic side view of a device for
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bundling healds according to the invention.
Figure 1 shows a heald 1 of a conventional hand-tied
type, which consists of a single thread preferably of a
comparatively soft material, which is twisted to a string 2
of suitable thickness~ This string is at three positions provided
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with knots 3, 4, 5 which for the sake of clarity are shown not `
` tightened and which knots have been tied manually. These knots
form the side portions and the eyelet 6 of the heald. It is
easily understood that a large plurality of healds arranged
; in shafts will give the bundle of healds a considerably larger
thickness in level with the different knots than at the portions
of the bundle which have no knots. It shall hereby be considered
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that each knot from a general point of view is more than twice
as thick as the heald thread itself and that 1000 or more
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healds arranged on the shafts will of course give a highly
varying bundle thickness in the longitudinal direction of the
healds. The reason for using a comparatively soft material for
this conventional hand-tied thread heald is that the bosses
formed by the knots could damage the warp if the material was
not soft and comparatively flexible. This in turn means that
the heald has a comparatively short service life as the wear
i will be relatively rapid due to the soft material which has a
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low resistance to wear.
It is furthermore difficult for a not trained tier to
; tie the thread of such a heald in such a manner that the heald
eyelet will be situated at the same distance from the ends of
each heald of a long series of similar healds in spite of use
of aids such as frames and the like.
In figure 2 is shown a heald 10 according to the
:~ invention, which heald consists of two crochetted threads 11 and
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~ 12 provided with connecting points 13, 14, 15 and 16, which form
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the heald and its heald eyelet 17. As can be better seen in1'
figure 3, which shows a part of a connecting point in larger
scale, the connecting points 13, 14, 15 and 16 are made in such
- a manner that a loop in one of the threads 11 is crochetted
to grip into a loop of the other thread 12. It is hereby formed
connecting points, the thickness of which is considerably less
than the thickness of the knots made in conventional manner
of hand-tying. As the problem of bosses forming at the threading
' of a plurality of healds on heald rods or on shafts thereby is
-~ eliminated is it possible to use a considerably much stronger
thread as initial material for the heald without thereby achieving
the negative effect that the warp can be twisted off by the heald.
It is hereby possible to obtain a longer service life for healds
of this type as compared to conventional, hand-tied thread healds.
The crochetted heald according to the invention is
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preferably made in a hosiery machine, e.g., a raschel loom,
which works automatically and which with simple aids can be
adapted to produce healds in continuous lengths with accurate
heald lengths and precise location of the heald eyelet in the
heald. The problem of keeping the production of different
heald-tiers in stock is hereby eliminated as all healds made
with that specific machine or with a similar machine are exactly
similar. The length of continuous healds is preferably provided
with intermediate portions 18, which allow a free adjustability
between the separate healds at the threading of the healds on
; heald rods 19, shafts or the like. An advantage at this type -
of production is that the heald can be supplied as a piece-goods
sold by the meter, whereupon it at a convenient time and at an
appropriate place can be thread upon heald rods or shafts, which
is clearly in contrast to hand-tied healds, which are tied one
by one separately, and prior to the subsequent delivery must be
thread upon frames. When threading healds on heald rods it can
` now and then happen that one or more healds are thread in wrong
manner. As it is possible simply to cut off the heald which
has been placed wrong by cutting off the intermediate parts 18
such a wrong threading is no considerable drawback being more
severe for the heald according to the invention than for
conventional separate healds.
It is possible by use of only one hosiery machine to
produce between 25,000 and 50,000 healds according to the
invention in one working day, whereby the separate healds thus
~- made can have exactly the same measures and it is furthermore
obtained that thickness variations worth mentioning are eliminated
as the thick knots are eliminated. Due to the simple manufacture
it is also possible to make healds of this type at costs which
are favourable as compared to the costs for the hitherto common
convent~onal, hand-tied healds in spite of the very poor payment
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for such hand-tying.
The invention furthermore incorporates a device for,
- automatic bundling of the healds according to the invention
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~ which are made in a continuous length, and this device is
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schematically shown in figure 5.
Y( The continuous length of healds 20 is whenproduced in the: hosiery machinepreferably collectedin a container. The length of
healds 20are fromsaid container (not shown) led through aknot detector
fittedin a frame21 andcomprising apivotably supportedlever 22having
~ 10 an aperture,throughwhich the length of healds is thread. Said
;~?~ pivotable lever being adapted to be
~, pivotable to a position, in which it will act upon a contact rail
24. This knot detector will automatically and positively indicate
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- and/or stop the operation of the bundling device if a knot
~ exceeding a predetermined size will appear on the length of
> healds, which comes from the container. The length of healds 20
is from this knot detector led through a thread brake 25 and
therefrom to a thread stretcher, which also acts as a knot
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~ detector and like the first mentioned knot detector consists
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of a second pivotable lever 26 with an aperture, and which second
lever cooperates with a second contact rail 27, which when acted
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upon by the second lever will stop the operation of the device,
e.g. by cutting off the power supply thereto. The second lever
26 is biased by a spring 28 to stretch the length of healds as
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,, desired. The length of healds continues from the aperture in
; said second lever 26 to a threading-in-lever 29, which is pivot-
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ably supported and adapted to make a reciprocating movement
, about its support point whereby it when moving in one direction -
towards the right in the figure - carries a point of the continuous
length of healds positively and positions this over a threading
fork 30 by releasing the said point at its reciprocating movement
in the opposite direction, whereby the closed loops on each side
of the heald eyelet in each heald will be thread over a fork arm
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of said threading fork 30 each. When a heald thus has been
thread upon the threading fork 30 in this manner a heald
retainer 31 seizes the thread heald and moves it downwards,
which is repeated until the desired bundle size (e.g. 100 healds/
bundle) has been reached.
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By aid of this bundling device is it possible to make
the production of healds according to the invention highly
automatic.
The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in
figures 2-5 and described in connection thereto but it can be
modified in a plurality of different manners within the scope
of the appended claims.
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