Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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1 HARVESTER CUTTERHEAD KNIFE
SHARPENING DEVICE
This in~ention relates to a forage harvester and more par-
ticularly to an improved sharpening mechanism for sharpening the
knives of the forage harvester cutterhead.
As is well known, sharp knives on a forage harvester cutter-
head are essential for the efficient operation of the machine,
and during operation of the machine, the knives should be sharp-
ened at relatively frequent intervals, in some cases at least
once a day. To that end, it is known to provide a knife sharpen-
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ing device as an integral part of a forage harvester, so that the
knives can be sharpened in the field without removing the knives -
or adding separate sharpening attachments. Such integral sharpen-
ing devices have generally taken the form of a grinding stone
mounted in a carrier that is adjustable toward and away from the `
cutterhead periphery, the carrier also being reciprocatable
across the width of the cutterhead. To sharpen the knives, the
grinding stone is brought into engagement with the cutterhead
periphery as the cutterhead is rotated and the grinding stone is ;
then reciprocated back and forth across the width of the cutter-
head to remove material from the cutterhead periphery and re-
sharpen the knife cutting edges. As described in U. S. Patent
3,677,316, it has been found highly desirable to rotate the
cutterhead in a reverse direction during the sharpening process,
a sharpening mechanism of the above general type being described
in said patent wherein the sharpening stone is mounted in a
carrier that is slidable along a supporting structure that is
shiftable toward and away from the cutterhead periphery by means
of a crank extending downwardly through the top of the cutterhead
housing, the carrier being moved back and forth across the width
of the cutterhead by means of handle that is manipulated by an
operator standing alongside the cutterhead housing. Additional
sharpening mechanisms of the above general type are shown in U.S.
Patents 3,331,167 and 3,37G,628.
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1 As is apparent, such sharpening mechanisms are disposed in a
dirty and dusty environment, which is further complicated by the
existence of metal filings removed from the knives during the
filing process, all of which tends to make the carrier relatively
stiff to manually shift back and forth across the cutterhead
periphery. Also in such prior sharpening mechanisms, the operator
manipulates the handle to reciprocate the carrier fxom the side
of the machine, while the carrier is adjusted toward the cutter-
head by means of a crank or some type of threaded device on top
of the cutterhead housing, the carrier generally being shifted
toward the cutterhead periphery at the same time that it is being
reciprocated, which has made is inconvenient to simultaneously
operate the handle and adjust the crank. Also, since the carrier
is adjusted toward and away from the cutterhead periphery by some
type of a screw mechanism, which is exposed to a dirty environ-
ment, in some cases it has been it difficult to manually actuate
the mechanism.
Summar~_o~ the Invention
According to the present invention, there is provided an
improved sharpening mechanism for sharpening the knives of a
forage harvester cutterhead on the machine while the cutterhead
is being rotated. More particularly, the improved sharpening
mechanism features a grinding stone that is reciprocated back and
forth across the width of the cutterhead while the stone is
brought into engagement with the knife edges at the cutterhead
periphery by adjustment of these supporting mechanism for the
carrier that supports the stone.
An important feature of the invention resides in the pro- ~
vision of means for making the reciprocation of the carrier and ;
the adjustment of the supporting mechanism for the carrier easier
to manipulate. Still more specifically, the supporting mechanism
for the carrier is adjusted toward and away from the cutterhead
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1 periphery by manipulation of a crank handle at the side of the
cut-terhead housing adjacent to the handle that is used to recipro-
cate the carrier so that the operator can simultaneously perform
the two functions while standing at the side of the cutterhead
housing. Also, the mechanism for adjusting the supporting struc-
ture toward and away from the cutterhead periphery is mounted in
a pair of sealed housings at opposite sides of the cutterhead, so
that the mechanisms are not exposed to contaminants and can be
supplied with lubricant. An important feature of the invention
resides in the use of a flexible seal on such housings to permit
the movement of the supporting structure while maintaining the
ajusting mechanism in the sealed housing.
Brief Description of the Drawings
Fig. 1 is a somewhat schematic vertical fore and aft section
through the cutterhead housing of a forage harvester embodying
the invention.
Fig. 2 is a right rear perspectlve of the cutterhead housing
with the access door for the cutterhead in an open condition to
expose the sharpening mechanism.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical fore and aft section of the
housing for the adjusting mechanism as viewed along the line 3--3
of Fig. 2.
-~ Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical fore and aft section through ,
a portion of the cutterhead and the sharpening mechanism.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical fore and aft section through
the upper rear portion of the cutterhead housing showing the
sharpening mechanism in a locked condition when the cutterhead
housing door is in an open condition.
Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 but showing the housing
door in a closed condition and the mechanism in its unlocked
condition.
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1 Fig. 7 is an enlarged section through the sharpening stone
as viewed along the line 7--7 of Fig. ~
Description of the Preferred Embodiment
The invention is embodied in a pull-type forage harvester, -~
only the rearward portion of which is shown in Fig. 1, the har-
vester including a mobile main frame 10 mounted on a pair of
laterally spaced wheels 11, with only the left wheel being shown ~ ~;
in Fig. 1. As is well known, such machines conventionally include
a fore and aft tongue at the le~t side of the main frame that is
connected to a towing tractor, which also supplies the power for
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the machine.
r~ounted on the right side of the frame 10 is a cutterhead `
housing 12 that includes opposite upright left and right side
walls 14 and 16, a generally horizontal top wall 18, and a door
20 that spans the width of the housing between the opposite side
walls at the rearward end of the top wall, the door having a
horizontal forward portion and a downwardly and rearwardly in- `
clined rear portion to provide acces~ to the cutterhead housing
~ interior from the top and the rear. As is apparent, the door 20
- 20 swings upwardly and forwardly about a transverse hinge 21 at the ;~
forward end of the door.
A harvesting header is conventionally mounted on the forward
end of the cutterhead housing 12 and operates to remove crop -~
material from the field and deliver it rearwardly through a
forward inlet opening to a set of feed rolls 22 only the rearward
feed rolls 22 being shown in the drawings. The feed rolls feed
the crop material rearwardly over a transverse shear bar 23 and
into a rotary cylinder type cutterhead 24 that includes a plural-
ity of knives 26 with cutting edges at`the cutterhead periphery
that generate a cylinder as the cutterhead rotates and register
with the shear bar 23. The cutterhead includes a relatively
large number of short knives mounted on a drum and is described
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1 in greater detail in U. S. Patent 4,061,284, also assigned to the
assignee herein.
The cutterhead reduces crop material as it is fed into the
cutterhead and discharges it through a rearward discharge opening
28 in the cutterhead housing to an auger housing 30 rearwardly of
the discharge opening. A grate or recutter screen 32 is mounted
over the dlscharge opening to further reduce crop material
before it passes to the auger housing. An arcuate band 34 closes
the space between the shear bar 23 and the forward end of the
grate 32, and a generally vertical bulkhead 35 close the front of
the cutterhead housing between the upper rear feedroll 22 and the
top wall 18. The auger housing 30 includes a door 36 below and
to the rear of the door 20 to provide access to the recutter
screen 32. A transversely extending auger 37 is disposed in the
bottom of the housing 30 and operates to deliver material later-
ally on the machine from the cutterhead to a blower-type elevator
38 at the left side of the machine, the elevator discharging the
crop material into an accompanying collector vehicle as is well
known.
Mounted in the cutterhead housing above the cutterhead 24 is
a knife sharpening mechanism, indicated in its entirety by the
numeral 40. The sharpening mechanism includes right and left
upright rectangular housings 42 and 44 respectively disposed
adjacent the opposite side walls 14 and 16 and connected by a
transverse inverted channel shaped member 46 that spans the width
of the cutterhead housing immediately below the forward end of
the door 20. The housings 42 and 44 are essentially mirror
images of one another, so only the right housing 42 will be
described in detail said housing including an upright inner wall
47, that includes a rearwardly extending flange 48 that overlaps
and is disposed adjacent to the inner side of the cutterhead
housing side wall, an upright fore and aft outer wall 49 spaced
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1 outwardly of the cutterhead housing side wall, an upright trans- ;
verse front wall 50, an upright transverse rear wall 51, a
generally horizontal bottom wall 52, and a removable top wall 53
that is connected to the rest o~ the housing by a pair of remov
able bolts 54 to provide access to the housing interior. The
cutterhead housing side wall has a generally rectangular opening
56 that conforms to the shape of the sharpening mechanism housing
and the housing is removably attached to the cutterhead housing --
side wall by mounting bolts 58 that extend through the inner wall
flange 48 and the cutterhead housing side wall. As is apparent,
the entire sharpening mechanism 40 can be removed from the har~
vester by simply removing the mounting bolts 58 and pulling the
mechanism upwardly from the cutterhead housing side wall openings
56, although the housings 42 and 44 and the member 46 form a part
of the cutterhead housing when the sharpening mechanism is in !
place. A transverse guide shaft 60 extends between the rearward
ends of the inner wall flanges 48 of the opposite housings and
further acts to tie the two housings together, the guide shaft
having a oircular cross section and being axially parallel to the
20 axis of the cutterhead. A transverse support member 62 also
spans the width of the cutterhead housing forwardly of the guide
shaft 60, the support member 62 also having a circular cross
section and being axially parallel to the cutterhead. The inner
walls 47 of the opposite housings have rectangular openings 64
that receive the opposite ends of the support member 62, the ends
of the support members being disposed on the interior of the
respective housings. An adjusting mechanism, indicated generally
by the numeral 66, supports each end of the support member 62 in
the respective housing for vertical adjustment relative thereto
toward and away from the periphery of the cutterhead.
Each adjusting mechanism 66 includes a vertical internally
threaded bore 68 through the end of the support member 62 and a
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1 vertically extending threaded rod or shaft that is disposed in
and threadably received by the threadable bore 68. Each threaded
rod is rotatably supported in its respective housing on a pair of
upper and lower supports 72 and 74 adjacent the top and bottom
edges of the openings 64, the supports 72 and 74 permitting
rotation of the rod 70 while maintaining the axial position
thereof so that rotation of the rod moves the end of the support
member 62 upwardly or downwardly according to the direction of
rotation of the rod due to the threaded connection between the
10 rod and the support member. A seal element 76, preferably made
of neophrene rubber or the like, has a circular opening 77 that
tightly embraces the support member 72 and is fastened over the
opening 64 by means of fasteners 78 to seal the housing while
permitting vertical movement of the support member 62 relative to
the housing. As is apparent, if the support member were moved
upwardly from the position shown in Fig. 3, the lower portion of
the seal would stretch while the upper portion would buckle or
compress, while the opposite would occur if the support member
; were moved downwardly.
- 20 A transverse crankshaft 80 also extends between the opposite
sides of the cutterhead housing above and parallel to the support
member 62, the opposite ends of the crankshaft being journaled in
the side walls of the housings 42 and 44 and being provided with
appropriate seals to maintain the sealed condition of the hous-
ing, the right end of the crankshaft 80 being provided with a
crank handle 82 adjacent the outer wall 49 of the right housing
42. Conventional worm gearing 84 connects the crankshaft 80 with
each threaded rod 70 on the interior of the respective housings,
the worm gearing including a wheel 85 on the upper end of the rod
30 and a helix 86 on the crankshaft as is well known.
Mounted on the support member 62 between the opposite cutter-
head housing side walls is a carrier 88 that is slidable along
1 the support member between the opposite cutterhead housing side
walls. The cylindrical outer surface of the support member 62 is
machined to a smooth surface, and the carrier has a transverse
bore 89 that receives the support member 62. A linear ball-type
bearing 91 is disposed in the carrier bore 89 between the carrier
and the support member 62. As is well known, such linear ball
bearings include a relatively large number of balls 92 that
recirculate in longitudinally extending tracks 90, balls 92 being
retained in the longitudinal tracks 90 by a nylon type retainer,
such linear bearings being commercially available. The carrier
includes a rearward extension 94 and a pair of spaced parallel
plates 96 are fastened to the extension 9~ by bolts 97 and extend
rearwardly therefrom. The guide plates 96 are spaced apart
approximately the same distance as the diameter of the guide
shaft 60, which is received between the opposite guide plates so `
that the carrier i5 also slidable along the guide shaft and
swingable about the axis of the shaft.
A generally horizontal plate 98 is fastened to the underside
of the carrier 88 by a plurality of bolts 99 and is provided with
a downwardly open recess 100 that spans the width of the carrier.
A grinding stone 102 is elongated in a transverse direction and ;~
has a generally rectangular upright fore and aft cross section,
the fore and aft dimension of which is slightly less than the
fore and aft width of the recess 100, the stone 102 having essen
tially the same transverse dimension as the mounting plate 98 as
shown in Fig. 7. The stone is permanently mounted in the recess
100 by a bonding material, indicated by the numeral 104, the
bonding material being of a commerically available type such as
3M no. 2216 two-part adhesive and being applied to the entire
mating surface between the top of the stone and the bottom of the
recess in the mounting plate, a portion of the adhesive being
allowed to squePze out along the sides of the stone as illu5-
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1 trated in Fig. 4. As is apparent, the stone receives frequent
impact from the knives during the sharpening process, and it has
been found that bonding the stone to the mounting plate has been
more satisfactory than the previously used clamping devices which
set up a stress in the stone, which can cause shatter of the
stone at the clamping point. Also, as is apparent, only the
extreme upper portion of the stone is required for the bonding,
whereas a clamping device would require a larger percent of the
total height of the stone, so that the bonded stone can be worn
away and used through a substantial portion of its overall
height.
An elongated rod-like handle 105 has one end attached to the
carrier extension by one of the guide plate mounting bolts 97 and
extends parallel to the cutterhead axis through an opening 106 in
the right housing 42, the handle terminating in a bent portion
107 to facilitate manipulation by the operator.
An interlock mechanism 108 is operative between the crank-
shaft 80 and the door 20 to prevent the lowering of the sharpen-
ing mechanism grinding stone into engagement with the cutterhead
` 20 unless the door 20 is closed. The interlock includes a lever arm
or locking member 109 extending through a slot 110 in the rear
upright wall of the channel member 46, the forward portion of the
lever arm and the slot 110 having a lesser width than the rearward
portion visible in Fig. 2, so that the lever arm is insertible
forwardly through the slot only as far as shown in Fig. 2. A
spring 112 has its rearward end connected to the forward end of
the lever arm and its forward end connected to the channel member
to bias the lever arm forwardly, so that the arm is free to swing
in a vertical arc about its fulcrum on the slot 110. The forward
portion of the lever arm 109 has a vertical opening 114 and a pin
or locking element 116 extends diametrically through is disposed
in the shaft 80 in alignment with the opening. As is apparent
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1 from Fig. 5, when the door is open, the spring 112 pulls the
forward end of the lever arm downwardly so that the pin enters
the opening 114 to prevent rotation of the shaft 80 in a clock~
wise direction as seen in Fig. 5. Since rotation of the shaft 80
in a clockwise direction causes lowering of the support member -~
62, when the door 20 is open, the support mechanism 62 and conse-
quently the grinding stone cannot be lowered into engagement with
the cutterhead. However, the slot is so disposed relative to the
pin that counterclockwise rotation of the shaft raises the lever
against the bias of the spring so that such counterclockwise
rotation is permissible even when the door is open, so that the
support member 62 can be raised or moved away from the cutterhead
periphery even when the door is open. The door 20 is provided
with a diagonal brace 118 across the upper rear corner of the
door and a tab 120 projects downwardly from the brace 118. The
tab 120 is aligned with the rearward end of the lever arm 109, so
that when the door 20 is swung downwardly to its closed position,
` as shown in Fig. 6, the tab 120 engages the rearward end of the
lever arm 109 to rock the forward end of the lever arm upwardly
out of engagement with the lock pin 116 against the bias of the `
spring 112, so that the shaft 80 can be rotated in either direc~
tion. Of course, as soon as the door 20 is opened, the lever arm - -
10~ again falls over the lock pin 116 to prevent lowering of the
grinding stone.
In operation, the sharpening mechanism 40 is adjusted so
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that it clears the cutterhead while the machine is being utilized
during the harvesting operation. If the operator desires to
sharpen the cutterhead knives 26, he simply stops the machine and
reverses the direction of rotation of the cutterhead as described
in U. S. Patent 3,677,316. The operator then rotates the crank
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handle 82 to rotate the crankshaft 80 and thereby rotate the
threaded rods or shafts 70 in the opposite adjusting mechanism
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1 housings 42 and 44 via the worm gearing 66. As described above,
clockwise roatation of the handle 82 causes the threaded rods or
shafts 70 to rotate in a direction that causes the opposite ends
of the support member 62 to move toward the cutterhead periphery.
As also described above, the shaf-t 80 cannot be rotated in the
direction necessary to bring the grinding mechanism into contact
with the cutterhead unless the cutterhead housing door 20 is
closedf ensuring that the operator will not attempt to sharpen
the knives with the housing door open to expose himself to injury
from either the rotating cutterhead or from the material removed
from the knives.
As the support member 62 is lowered, it lowers the carrier
88 about the axis of the guide shaft 60, and when the stone 102
engages the edges of the knives 26, the operator starts to recip-
rocate the carrier 88 across the width of the cutterhead via the
handle 105. As is apparent from Fig. 2, the outer portion 107 of
the handle 105 is disposed at the right side of the cutter head
housing immediately ad~acent to the crank handle 82 so that it is
easy for the operator to simultaneously manipulate both the crank
- 20 handle 82 to lower the grinding stone into position and the
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` handle 105 to reciprocate the stone across the width of the
cutterhead.
As described above, the linear ball bearing 90 facilitates
- the reciprocation of the carrier on the support member even
~ though it is exposed to a dirty environment. As also described,
-~ the housings 42 and 44 can be filled with lubricant so that the
worm gearing and the threaded connection between the threaded rod
70 and the support member are fully lubricated and sealed from
the contaminating environment, so the adjusting mechanism is easy
to manually actuate via the crank handle 82. Thus, the sharpening
mechanism is easy to operate and is also safe and durable.
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