Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
This invention relates to breathing apparatus and
more particularly to means for automatically igniting a primer
for an oxygen producing candle in a chemical canister when
the canister is inserted in the receptacle that holds it.
Chemical canisters for use in breathing apparatus
often are provided with oxygen producing candles for quickly
producing oxygen until the chemical in the canister starts
generating enough oxygen to sustain life. Such candles have
been ignited by manually operated firing mechanisms, but
there always is the possibility that the user may neglect to
operate the firing mechanism. Also, the canisters generally
are inserted up into breathing apparatus receptacles to con-
nect the canisters into the breathing circuits.
It is among the objects of this invention to provide
breathing apparatus in which the firing mechanism for an
oxygen candle in a chemical canister is automatically operated
when the canister is inserted in its receptacle, and in which
the firing mechanism cannot interfere with complete insertion
of the canister.
In accordance with this invention, a primer for
igniting an oxygen producing candle in the bottom of a chemical
canister is ignited when a spring-pressed hammer is released
by a trigger that engages a member projecting from the bottom
of a receptacle for the canister. The engagement of the trig-
ger with this projecting member occurs when the canister is
inserted up into the receptacle.
Thus, in accordance with a broad aspect of the
invention, there is provided the combination with an open-
bottom breathing apparatus receptacle provided with a down- --
wardly depending projection near one side thereof and in the
immediate proximity of said open bottom, of a chemical canister
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insertable upwardly into the receptacle, a candle inside the
lower part of the canister for producing oxygen when ignited,
a firing mechanism housing secured to the bottom of the
canister, a primer for igniting the candle projecting down
through the bottom of the canister, an opening in the top of
the housing exposing the primer, a hammer in the housing
having one end connected to the housing on a transverse axis
at one side of the primer, a spring urging the free end of the
hammer into contact with the primer, said free end being mov-
able away from the primer to a cocked position, a triggerpivotally mounted in the housing on a transverse axis below
the hammer and having one end engaging the bottom of the free
end of the hammer in its cocked position to hold it cocked,
the opposite end of the trigger being positioned to be engaged
by said receptacle projection when the canister is moved up
into the receptacle, whereby to depress said opposite end of
the trigger to disengage it from the hammer so as to release
the hammer and thereby ignite the primer.
The preferred embodiment of the invention is illus-
trated in the accompanying drawings, .in which
Fig. 1 is a front view of a breathing apparatus :
receptacle partly broken away to show a chemical canister
inside of it;
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Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section
through the receptacle, canister and firing mechanism;
Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the firing mechanism
taken on the line III-III of Fig. 2; and
Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical section taken on
the line IV-IV of Fig. 2.
Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, a conventional
breathing apparatus canister 1 containing a chemical, such
as KO2, that absorbs csrbon dioxide and generates oxygen
when moist air is exhaled through it, has a bottom wall 2
and an upwardly extending neck 3. The upper end of the neck
i8 sealed with a metal disk that is punctured in a well-
known manner when the canister is put into use by inserting
it up into open-bottom receptacle 4 in conventional breathing
apparatuQ.
In order to produce a sufficient amount of oxygen
as ~oon as the canister is placed in a breathing circuit,
but before the chemical has started to function, a candle
is mounted in the bottom of the canister below the chemical.
This is a chlorate candle that will produce oxygen immediately
when ignited. Ignition i8 by means of a primer 7 extending
from the candle down through an opening in the bottom of the
canister and into the top of the housing 8 of a firing mechan-
ism for the primer. This firing mechanism is secured to the
bottom of the canister and projects laterally a short distance
from one edge. Mounted in the upper part of housing 8 trans-
versely thereof between the primer and the adjacent edge of
the canister there is a pivot pin 9 on which one end of a
firing pin hammer 10 is rotatably mounted as shown in Fig. 2.
A torsion spring 11 engaging the hammer urges its free end
up against the primer~ but this free end can be swung down
away from the primer against the resistance of the sprlng
,
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and upwardly into the cocked position shown in Fig. 2 between
the pivot pin and the adjacent edge of the canister. -
To hold the hammer in cocked position, a trigger is
provided. This trigger 13 has a central portion with down-
wardly bent ears 14 at its opposite edges pivotally mounted
on a pin 15 that extends parallel to pin 9 beneath the free
end of the cocked hammer. The inner end of this trigger
extends upwardly into engagement with the bottom of the
hammer to hold it in cocked position. This end of the trig-
ger is prevented from swinging inwardly from its operativeposition by means of shoulders 16 in the housing that are
engaged by lateral projections 17 on the trigger. The
opposite end of the trigger extends toward the outer end of
the housing far enough to project beyond the overlying side
of the canister.
The canister is intended to be pushed up into
receptacle 4 far enough for the seal in the neck of the
canister to be punctured and for the canister to make a
sealed connection with the breathing circuit. It i8 a feat-
ure of this invention that during insertion of the canisterin the receptacle t,he firing pin hammer 10 will be released
automatically 90 that the candle in the canister will be
ignited without any thought being glven to it by the user.
Accordingly, the canister receptacle is provided with a
downwardly extending rigid member or prong 20 that will be -
directly above the outer end of the trigger when the canister
18 inserted in the receptacle, as shown in Fig. 2. This
prong extends downwardly from a ring 21 that is rigidly
mounted in the lower part of the receptacle. The prong ex-
tends downwardly far enough to be engaged by the outer end
o~ the trigger shortly before the canister reaches its final
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upper position in the receptacle. As the canister is moved
up, the outer end of the trigger engages the lower end of
the prong and is stopped while the rest of the firing mechan-
ism continues its upward movement. This action swings the
inner end of the trigger outwardly away from the hammer,
which spring 11 then swings around with considerable force
into engagement with the primer to fire it. Thus, ignition
of the candle occurs automatically when the canister is
inserted in the receptacle.
It is desirable to prevent inadvertent release of
the hammer, which can be done by providing opposite edges
of the inner end of the txigger with laterally projecting
tabs 23, the outwardly facing surfaces of which engage, or
are close to, shoulders 24 in the housing as shown in Figs.
2, 3 and 4. In order to rotate the trigger from its hammer-
cocking position it then is necessary for it to exert enough
force upwardly against prong 20 to bend the tabs so that they
can move past shoulders 24 as indicated in dotted lines in
Fig. 2.
Another feature of this invention is that the firing
mechanism housing can be made in ~wo parts pivotally connected
together 80 that~ due to possible differences in the distance
prong 20 projects from the bottom of the receptacle, there
will be no danger of the prong pressing the outer end of the
trigger against the bottom of housing 8 before the canister
has been raised to its operative position and thus stopping
upward movement of the canister. Accordingly, one part of
the housing i8 a frame 26 having only an upper wall and two
parallel downwardly extending side walls, the upper wall
being attached to the bottom of the canister. The pivot pin
9 for the hammer is mounted in the side walls. On the other
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hand, the pivot pin 15 for the trigger is mounted in the
lower part of the upwardly extending side walls of a bottom
cover 27 for the frame.
The bottom of the cover closes the bottom of frame
26~ The cover also has an inner end wall, the upper end of
which is provided with parallel ears 28 pivotally mounted on
a pin 29 mounted in the side walls of the frame. The inner
portions of the side walls of the cover overlap the outer
surfaces of the outer portions of the side walls of the frame,
and it is the overlapped portions of the frame side walls
that are provided with the shoulders 16 and 24 that are engaged
by the projections 17 and tabs 23 on the trigger. The
trigger pro~ections 17 also overlie and rest on horizontal
shoulders 30 on the frame to normally support the outer
end portion of the cover. When the trigger is swung by the
receptacle projection 20 away from the hammer, the trigger
projections 17 are simultaneously swung away from shoulders
30, whereupon the trigger no longer supports cover 27 and
the latter will swing downwardly away from the frame. This
action will prevent any possibility of prong 20 interfering
with movement of the canister up in the receptacle to its
final operative position.
