Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
This is a division of applica-tion No. 276, 246 filed
April 15, 1977.
This invention relates to an apparatus for applying a
lining of refractory material, cement, heat-insulating
material or other insulating materials over the refractory
layers of a converter or a furnace inc]u~ing an electric
furnace and an open-hearth furnace or a vessel with gxeat
mobility and efficiency.
In conventional ~ining operations, the lining material
is generally produce~ at a location remote rom the lining
operation site and then is transferred to the operation site
by means of a long compression supply tube wherein the long
floor-laid tube hampers the movement of the lining device
when it must move from one converter to another, resulting
in an inefficient lining operation.
Furthermore, since the water storage tank, refractory
material tank, compressor and the like which are required in
the lining operation occupy a large floor area, the operation
cannot be conducted efficiently or with adequate mobility.
In addition, these devices are usually located in
spaced apart locations so that a central control system for
the spraying apparatus is hard to achieve. Therefore, at
least several wor~ers are requlred to operate the apparatus.
Meanwhile, in the lining operation, the lining apparatus
is moved to a position adjacent to the upper open end of th~
~urnace. Subsequently, the long spray pipe is extended into
the ~urnace and the spray nozzle attached to the extremity
of the spray pipe is directed toward the abraded or eroded
portion of the furnace lining and the desired amount of
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refractory material is sprayed onto the above portion so as
to repair the lining of a furnace.
In this case, the operat:or controls the spray pipe
while observing the movemen~ thereof.
However, the mere manipulation of the spray pipe i5
often inadequate to insure coverage of all of the abraded
portion on the furnace lining because they are not all
within the sprayable range of the spray pipe.
For example, when the spray nozzle is directed ~rom
one abraded portion to another in some cases ~he spray pipe
will come into contact with the upper periphery of the
furnace i~ the lining apparatus is kept in the same
position. In these cases, the apparatus as a whole must be
moved a certain distance to prevent breaking the spray pipe.
The operation to move the apparatus conventionally requires
that the operator gets o~f the apparatus or shifts his
position on the apparatus thereby making the operation very
cumbersome.
Furthermore, since the rotation of the spray pipe is
effected manually by an ON-OFF switching operation, it is
hardly possible ~o apply a refractory material uniformly or
efficiently onto the abraded or eroded portion of a considerably
large area. It is also considerably dif ficult for an operator
to conduct two operations simultaneously, namely reciprocation
and occilation of the spray pipe.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention
to provide an apparatus for applying a lining onto the inner
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surface of a ~urnace which overcomes the afo~emention.ed dis-
advantages an~ which is capable of conducting the ~ining
operation wi-th great mobility and effi.ciency~
It is another object of the present inv~ention to
provide an apparatus for applyin~ a linin.g on.to the inner
surface of a furnace wherein the spray no~zle ean u~iformly and
efficiently apply refractory material onto the eroded or abraded
portion of the inner surface o~ a furnace or vessel.
It is still another object of the present invention to
provide an apparatus for applying a lining onto the inner
surfaee of a furnaee and ine~udes a eentra~ control sys-tem.with
whieh an operator ean manipulate all the deviees mounted on the
transport car easi.ly and precisely.
It is still another objeet of the present invention to
provide an apparatus for repairing the lining of a furnaee by
means of whieh the entire spraying operation inelu~ing the
; manipulation of the spray pipe as well as the steering of the
transport ear ean.be conducted by a sïngle operator while
sitting on the seat mounted on the apparatus throughout the
spraying operation.
The invention, as particularly claimed in the
~ instant divisional application is for use in an.apparatus for
applying a refractory lining onto the inner surace of a
furnaee eomprising- a transport car capable of mo~ing on a
floor, a shooting pipe with a spray nozzle from which refractory
material is sprayed onto the inner side of a furnace, a support
means located on the transport car for pivotally supporting
the shooting p-pe, a cylindrieal body pivotally mounted onto
the top of the support and slidably encasing the sbooting pipe,
a eontrol means imparting the rotation oE the shooting pipe
relative to the eylindrical body, and a tank storing refraetory
material therein and ineluding a means for supplying the
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refractory ma-terial to the shooting ~ipe from.the tank, and
is par-ticularly characterized in that the con:trol means
includes a means for oscillating the rotation.of the shooting
pipe relative to the cy~indrical body.
According to a preferred embodime~t of the in~ention,
the oscillating means comprises: first and second spaced apart
ring~like plates mounted on the outer pipe adjacen-t to one end
of the cylindrical member, a selected number of circumferentially
equidistant contact pads secured.to the outer circular surface
of the first ring-like plate which faces t.he corresponding
surface of the second ring-like pla-te, the corresponding surface
of the second plate also having a selected number o~ contact
pads secured thereto, and a limit switch provided wi.th two
contact levers mounted on the cylindrical member, each of which
lever is adapted to contact the contact pads of one of the ring-
like plates so as to switch on and of the limit switch and
thereby effect the rotatlon of the outer pipe relative to the
cylindrical body in alternately opposed directions.
A preferred embodiment of the in~ention will now be
described having reference to the appended drawings wherein:
. ~ Figure 1 is a top plan v:iew of the basic construction
of the apparatus of this invention.
Figure 2 is a side view taken along the line I I of
:~ : Figure 1,
Figure 3 is another side view partially broken awa~ :
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.~ and taken along line II-II of Figure 1,
Figure 4 is an enlarged-trans~erse cross-sectional ~iew
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of slide means for sliding the outer spray pipe taken along
the line III-III of Figure 3,
Figure 5 is a side view of the slide means taken along
the line IV-IV of Figure 4,
Figure 6 is an enlarged plan view of slide means for
sliding the inner spray pipe relative to the outer spray
pipe taken along the ~ine V-V of Figure 3,
Figure 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the
slide means taken along the line VI-VI of Figure 6,
Figure 8 is a schematic view of the skeleton structure
of the lining apparatus showing the mechanism for steering
the transport car,
Figure 9 is an enlarged explanatory view showing the
mounting position of the oscillating means on the cylindrical
body,
Figure 10 is a front view of a limit switch employed in
the above oscillating means,
Figure 11 is a cross-sectional side view of the above
limit switch taken along the li.ne VII-VII of Figure 10.
The basic structure of the lining apparatus of this
invention is firs~ described. Referring to Figure 1 through
Figure 3, there is shown a transport car 2 provided with
wheels 4 driven by hydraulically-operated motors so that the
: car 2 is movable both backwards and forwardsO Above and
substantially parallel to the transport car 2, there is
`~: shown a spray pipe 8 consisting of an inner pipe 10 and~ an
~ outer pipe 12.
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The inner spray pipe 10 is provided with a spray nozzle
14 at the front extremity thereof ancl has the rear end
thereof tightly connected with one end of a flexible hose 16
through.which regractory material in either dry or wet form
is supplied thereto.
The other end of the fle:xible hose 16 is connected to a
refractory material supply source which is described later.
The inner spray pipe 10 is sl.idably disposed inside the
outer spray pipe 12 such that spray pipe 8 as a whole can be
extended in a telescopic manner while the outer spray pipe
12 is rotatably and slidably disposed within a cylindrical
member or body 18 which is disposed substantially at the
front of the transport car 2. A power-operated motor 20 and
a gear mechanism 22 which are both attached to the cylindrical
body lB cause the rotation of the outer spray pipe 12 by way
of a rotating boom 19. The rotating boom 19 forms a part of
the cylindrical body lB.
This cylindrical body 18 is tiltably mounted by means
of a pivot shaft 21 on the top of a vertical support structure
24 which in turn has the bottom end ixedly secured to ~he
upper surface of~a turntable 26. A hydraulic cylinder 28 is
diagonally disposed on the turntable 26 for the purpose of
tilting the cylindrical body 18. This turntable 26 is
supported by a plurality o~ roller means 30 which are disposed
in a circle at the lower periphery of the turntable 26.
The turntalbe 26 further includes a worm wheel 32 which
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~ : meshes with a worm 34. The worm 34 is driven by a suitable
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driving means 35, such as a power-operated motor, ~o as to
rotate the turntable 26 by way of the worm wheel 32.
On the turntable 26, a s~orage tank 36 for powder-like
refractory material and another storage ~ank 38 for water
are mounted by means of support columns 37 such tha~ the
vertical axes of the tanks are aligned with the axis of the
turntable 260 These tanks 36 and 38 are concentrically
disposed one within the other such that the discharge outlet
of the conical-shaped xefractory material tank 36 is disposed
just below the center of the bottom of the water storage
tank 380
- A heat insulating shield 41 is provided in front of the
tank means.
Below the outlet 40 of the tank 36, a flow regulatiny
valve 116 is disposed which regulates the amount of refractory
material to be suppliad to the flexible hose 16.
The flow regulating valve 116 has an opening at the
lower end thereof which, in turn, communicates with the
flexible hose 16 throu~h the refractory material is charged
to the inner spray plpe 10.
In order to ~ive flow energy to the refractory mat~rial
which passes through the flexible h~se 16 and the inner
spray pipe 10, an air jet gun 136 is provided at the lower
end o~ the flow regulating valve 116 disposed oppso`ite to
the opening 134. This air jet gun may be provided at any
suitable position of~either the flexible hose, the spray
pipe or the spray nozzle.
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The water storage tank 38 has a water outlet 138 at the
bottom thereoE which is connected to one end of a cooling
water supply tube 140. The cooling water supply tube 140
has its other end connected to an inlet ppening 142 formed
in the outer spray pipe 12 at a location so that the water
charged into spray pipe 8 cools the entire spray pipe 8
which is subjected to_high radiation heat temperatures
during the spraying operation.
: The outer spray pipe 12 has another water outlet opening
144 which is connected to one end of a warm water return
tube 146 wherein the water warmed during the circulation
thereof within the spray pipe 8 is discharged into the
return tube 146 by way.of the outlet opening 144.
The return tube 146 has its other end connected to the
flexible hose 16 at the middle thereof by way of a three-
port valve 148 wherein the warmed water which passes through
the return tube 146 is mixed with the powder-like refractory
material to produce refractory material in a wet slurry form
which is charged into the inner spray pipe 10 by way of the
: flexible hose 16.
At the reartof the transport car 2, an air compressor
lS0 is provided which supplies compressed air to the air jet
.~: gum 136, the water storage tank 33, the refractory-material
storage tank 36 and other parts of the apparatus which
: :: require compressed air. A diesel engine 151 for moving the
transport car 2 is also mounted at the rear portion on the
transport ca.r 2 along with its radiator 153.
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This air compressor 150 and the diesel engine 151 are
both protected from dust and the like by a cover means 152.
In Figure 4 and Figure 5, the mechanism to slidably
move the outer pipe 12 relative to the tiltable cylindrical
hody 18 is shown wherein each roller shaft 154 which fixedly
carries a pipe-propelling roller 156 and a spiral gear 158
in series has both en~s thereof journalled by ball bearings
160 which, in turn, rest within openings formed in the side
walls of a casing 162. A spiral year 164 which is fixedly
mounted on a drive shaft 166 of a power~operated motor 168
is meshed with spiral gears 158 so that the actuation of the
motor 168 causes the rotation of the pipe-propelling rollers
156 which, in turn, move the outer spray pipe 12 forward or
backward within and relative to the cylindrical body 18.
: Pressure to pinch the outer spray pipe 12 by the two
opposing rollers 156 is adjusted by a bolt and nut means 170
disposed adjacent each ball-bearing 160.
In Figure 6 and Figure 7, the mechanism to slidably
move the inner s~pray pipe 10 relative to the outer spray
pipe 12 is shown wherein each of a pair of parallely-
~: : disposed roller spaft 172 are integrally provided with a
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: second pipe-propelling roller 174 and have both ends journalled
by ball bearings 176 which rest in openings for~ed in the
side walls of a casinq 178. Each roller shaft 172 is further
provided:with a spiral gear 180 ~t the extension adja ent to
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:: one journallled portion~thereof. A~spiral gear 182 whlch is
fixedly mounted on a rotating shaft 184 of a power-operated
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motor 186 is meshed with spiraL gears 180 50 that the actuation
of the motor 186 causes the rotation of the second pipe-
propelling rollers 174 which, in turn, slidably move the
inner spray pipe 10 forward or backward within and relative
to the outer spray pipe 12~
To be more specific and exact, the second pipe-
propelling rollers 17~ pinch the flexible hose 1~ (not the
inner spray pip~ 10) as can be observed from Figure 7. When
the above rollers 174 are rotated by the activation of motor
186, the flexible hose 16 which is now despressed in an
elliptical hollow cross section is moved longitudinally in
either forward or backward direction due to the friction at
the inter-surface of rollers 174 and flexible hose 16.
As described previously, since the hose 16 is connected
with the inner spray pipe 10, the inner spray pipe 10 moves
backwards or forwards longitudinally along with the flexible
hose 16.
The casing 178 is also provided with two opposing side
rollers 18B which rotatably come into contact wi~h the
expanded or distended round side of the hose 16 so as to
guide the hose 16~
The pressure to ~inch the flexible hose 16 by the two
opposing rollers 174 is adjusted by a bolt and nut meansl90
disposed above each ball bearing 176. ~piral gears 180 and
lB2 are protected from dust or the like by a cover means 192
which is fixedly attached to the outer spray pipe 12 together
with the casing 178.
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Referring to the means for controlling the apparatus of
this shown in F.igure 8, a steering wheel 194 which steers
the transport car 2 hydraulically by manipulating the rear
wheels 4 is disposed adjacent to the upper portion of the
refractory-material storage tank 36.
The mechanism to steet the transport car 2 has the
following constructio~.
In Figure 8, ~wo lugs 196 which vertically move in
opposite directions by the rotation of the steering handle
194 are attached to an endless chain 198 which is extended
between a steering handle shaft 200 and a follower shaft
202. These lugs 196 are connected with a hydraulic power
steering unit 204 by means of throttling wires 206. This
power steering unit 204 which can steer the rear wheels 4
has one end connected with a rear-wheel steering link 208
and the other end pivotally secured to the frame of the
transport car 2. Referring to other parts of this mechanism,
numeral 210 indicates a throttling lug to which throttling
wires 206 are connected, numeral 212 indicates casing tubes
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which slidably enclose throttling wires 206 and numeral 214
indicates a hollo~ rotary shaft for running the elec~ric
connections and hydraulic circuits as well as throttling
wires.~ ~ ~
: : The construction of the oscillating means which features
the present invention is now described hereinafter in~con~ùnction
:~ with~Figure 9 through Figure 11, especially Figure 9 which
shows the detail thereof.
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In the drawings, two spaced-apart circular ring plates
378a and 378b are formed onto the outer shooting pipe 12
adjacent to the pivot pin 41 which tiltably connects the
cylindrical body 18 to the support column 24. Each riny
plate 378a or 378b has a plurality of contacting pads 380a
or 380b secured equidistantly circumferentially on the sides
thereof which faces t~e corresponding side of the other ring
plate. A fork-lever-shaped limit switch 382 which is provided
- with two pressure detecting levers 384, 386 is fixedly
mounted on the top of the cylindrical body 1`8 such that one
detecting lever 384 is disposed in the rotational path of
the row of contacting pads 380a while detecting lever 386 is
disposed in the rotational pa~h of the row of connecting
pads 38Ob.
The limit switch 382 which is especially applicable to
the oscillating means of this embodiment further comprises
contact rollers 388 and 390 attached to respective ends of
the levers 384 and 386 and spring means 392 which tends to
position the levers 384 and 386 in alignment with the body
: of the limi~ switch 382 unless no contact pressure is applied
to the contact ro~lers 388 and 390.
~ In this embodiment, when the outer shooting pipe 12 is
;~ rotated relative to the cylindrical body 18 by the actuation
of the.motor 20 and gear mechanism 22, the contactiny pad
: 380a disposed on the side o~ one ring plate 378a comes into
contact with the corresponding contact roller 388 of the
~ limit switch and subsequently rotates the pressure detectinq
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lever 384. When the lever 384 is rotated 90 degrees, the
limit switch 382 initiates the rotation of the outer spray
pipe 12 in the reverse direction.
The continued reverse rotation then.causes the contacting
pad 380b on the side of ring 378b to contact with the correspond-
ing contact roller 390 of the limit switch 382, and subsequently
the limit switch 382 ~tops the reverse rotation after rotating
the lever 386 by 90 degrees and starts the rotation of the
outer cylindrical body 12 in the previous or first direction.
In this manner, the shooting pipe is oscillated periodically
by a predetermined rotating or oscillating angle.
In Figure 1, the spray nozzle 14 which has its opening
directed in an upward direction is oscillated a desired
angle for applying the refractory material onto the inner
upper portion of the furnace lining uniformly.
However it must be noted that the oscillating device
provides the above oscillating movement of the shooting pipe
regardless of the direction of the spraying opening of the
spray nozzle.
Namely, when the inner lower portion of the furnace
lining is require~ to be repaired, the spray nozzle must be
directed from the upward position to the lower position.
In this case, the supply o~ electricity to the limit
switch 382 is interrupted so as~not to nergize the limit
switch 382 even when its con~act roller come into contact
with the cont:act pad by the rotation of the outer spray pipe
12. For facilitating the above rotation of the outer shooting
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pipe 12 and also for preventing the breaking of the limit
switch 382, the limit switch 382 is provided with two auxiliary
pivot shafts 396 and 398 and a common shaft 400 which pivotally
connects corresponding proximal ends of ~he two right-angled
levers 384 and 386.
Each auxiliary pivot shaft is constructed such that it
allows only one-way p~oting o:E the pressure detecting
lever.
Due to the above construction, even when the vertically
disposed contact roller of the inoperative limit switch 382
is pressed rearwardly by the trains of contacting pads 380a
on one side of the ring-like plate 378~ the outer spray pipe
12 is rotated without breaking the lever 384 since the
rotation of the lever 384 on the auxiliary shaft 396 allows
the advancement of above contacting pads.
Accordingly, since the spray pipe is capable of oscillating
in addition to rotating, tilting and sliding, the spraying
operation by the l.ining apparatus of this invention is
further enhanced.
The manner in which the apparatus of this invention is
operated is as fo~lows.
The powder-like refractory material is discharged from
the hopper like storage tank 36 by compressed air supplied
from the air compressor 150 and the flow amount is regulated
by the flow regulating valve 116. The discharged refractoxy
material is conveyed through the flexible hose 16 with flow
energy applied by the air jet from the air jet gun 136. The
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powder-like material subsequently passes throu~h spray pipe
8 and eventually is sprayed from the spray nozzle 14.
If the refractoxy material is required in a wet slurry
form, the water which is supplied to spray pipe 8 from the
water storage tank 38 for cooling the spray pipe 8 is available.
Namely, the cooling water is clischarqed from the water
stora~e tank 38 by cQ~pressed air which is supplied from the
air compressor lSO. The cooling water then passes through
the cooling water supply tube 14~ into the spray pipe 8.
The water which is warmed after the abov~ cooling
operation i5 discharged from the outlet 144 and passes
through the warmed water return tube 146 and reaches the
three port valve 148. By opening the three port valve 148,
the powder-like refractory material from the refractory-
material storage tank 36 and the warm water from the spray
pipe 8 are mixed together forming refractory material in a
wet slurry form at the junction where the return tube 146
and the flexible hose 16 meet. The thus produced slurry-
like xeractory material is supplied to spray pipe 8 and
finally is sprayed from the spray nozæle 14 onto the inner
surface of the furnace.
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I~ the above operation, the spray pipe 8 is manupulated
by the rotating mechanism, the feeding mechanism, the tilting
mechanism and the turntable 26 such that the spray nozzle 14
secured to the extremity of the spray pipe 8 is directed
toward the abraded portion of the inner surface of a ~urnace.
After above positioning of the spray nozzle 14, the spra~
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pipe 8 is automatically oscillated hy a desired rotating
angle with the oscillating means disclosed heretofore.
Accordingly, the apparatus of this invention has the
following advantages.
1. Since the spray pipe 8 can be automatically oscillated,
the spray nozzle can fully and easily cover the abraded
or eroded portiQn of the inner surface of a furnace
which has, in general, a considerable area.
2. With the conventional apparatus, it is extremely difficult
for an operator to efect two operations such as
reciprocation and oscillation of the spray pipe
simultaneously. Since above oscillating operation is
conducted automatically in this invention, the operator
can easily manipulate two operations, resulting in the
improvement of the spraying operation.
3. Since the spray nozzle is oscillated, refractory material
is uniformly applied onto the entire area of abraded
portion of a furnace.
4. Since the oscillating angle can be adjusted, the optimal
amoun~ of re~ractory material can be sprayed onto the
above abraded portion.
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