Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
116475~
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Sc.lrlr~
The present :i.m~clltion reIates to a sc~riLier
of the ~yl)c h~ ng cl plural;ty oL poi.nts for thc
i scarif:ication ol~ the sk~ , partl.cuLar].y for V
ions ~ cul; react .i ons ~ ilT~ lnolog:i c~ll o l- cl ller2o.l r)g:i ca:L
tests ~ln~] i.n p~rt;cl]:l.lr ;n the fol^m o~ mlll.t :ipl~
.~ tests.
Sc.~rifiers for carrying Ollt vaccinations [or
medical tests are ~nown which comprise on a support
which i.s to be g-l^ipl~c(l by the opcrato-r, a gro~lp o[
scarifying points surroun~ed by a detachable tllbe
making it possib].e to maintain the suhstance within
the tube and in contact with the point.s by capi.llarity.
Howevcr, ~uch scariLiers hLlve large dim~nsiolls alld
i 15 have to be kept i.n aseptic, hermetic packs.
Scarifiers intellclcd for nlultiple tests are
also kno~l, which coml>-ri.se a relat;.ve].y r.ig;(]
elongated hLmdle~ from which, ;.n the malmer of clips,
lead inwal-(ll.y curved c0l7ll(?cting rods~ eLIch of wh:ich
20 leads to a grollp of poillts. The points of diEferellt
groups ar~ imprc~gn-ltc(l Witll the respecLive acti.v(
substances by Ineans of a base melilber hLIving a plurality
of contail-lers or depressions in ~lgreement wi.th the
different groups and containing the rcspectl.ve
substallces. Each group of points is inllnersed i.ll OlIC
of thc containers or del)ressiolls when the scaririer
is appli.ed to the said base Inember. In order to
elimina-e Lhe llCCe';S:ity ror such a bcl.se, it has al.so
been proposed to s~1-roun(1 each gro~lp of po:int~s w:it-h
.I d~t.l~ cro-l~ lI)c col~ xt~l~lc
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maint.~ e~l ro~ d th~ ~)Oil-~S by c.lp-i:L~ ri.ty. 'I`he
tube i.s wc'lded by grlpping at its end remote from
the points, so as to Lorm an aseptic, hermetic
and det~lchable packag;.n~ means for the substallc~.
llowever, sllch am arrangetncnt has a large
number of di.sadv.~ntagles. It fi-rstly lends to a
high consumption of active substances such as
antigens, allergens, test medicaments or substclnce~.
Moreover, the scarifi.er has signiicant overall
dimens.ions due to the length or the tubes, ~herc~or
the end which has to be sealed must be at a
sufficient distance from the end which is to surro~ d
the points to prevent deformation of saicl e-nd at
the points. Moreover, this arrangement does not
ensure that the welding operation will not influence
the'activc substance, which cou~d be partly or who].ly
denaturecl.
Thc prescrlt invention aims at obviating thcse
disadvallta~es and at sul)p].ying a scarifier wh.i.ch Catl
considerLIbly recluce thc consumption of active substc-llces,
whilst guarantecing the sealin~ an~l integrity tllereof,
whilst hav',ng l)articu]arl.y small overa.l.]. d:imensi.olls~
'l'hc invcntion also makes it possible to
automntica:Lly introduce and pro~ect the active
substance, whilst improvi-ng the stability and
presentation of the scarifier.
Fi.na].l.y, ~ccordin~ to n vari.lllt, the i.nvcllt;.o
mah~ ;.t possiblc for the same scarifier to l-)e us~cl
with selected active substanccs or substatlces wh; ch
are combilled in an ;.ndiviclucll Inanner by th~ USel',
~16475~
Tll(~ i.nvel-ltion re~ tes to a scari ficr
coml~risin .~ ~t :Least olle group Or e l.ong~tcd po in~s
havin~ ni.te(l spaci.ng from one ,mother and
extendillg from a support connccl:e(l to gripp;.ng
means, sa;d group of po;nts hei.ng surroundecl hy
a pre~eral:)ly cy:li.ndrical ~nvelopc, whi.ch -is herllleLi-
cally, bu~ detachal~ly sealed and fixed to the suppol I
J of thc po:i nts, wherein the etlvelope has a w~ L
extending, para Llel ~o the points and surroundin~
the latter, froln a first end detachably cormected
to the sul~port ~o a second end located slightLy
beyoncl thc encl o~ tl-e pOilltS and cxtell(lc~d at ~hi.s
location by a transversc should passing radially
away from the point s so as to i~orm a surface which
is central Ly providccl with a passage towards the
ends of tl-c points and receives a cover which sea~. s
the passa~.~e and is hermetica] ly joinccl t;o the
surface a~ a location r~diall.y rcmote from tl~c
passagc
Thus, thc enve:l.opc can advarlt~geously llave
a cylill(lrical port ion, whi.ch scrves Lo surro~lrl(l
the points and whose Free end can be Eixed a~ai nst
t he s~ pol t, Lor cx~.llllple .Eor fo~ cc~-l)cneLrat; ll~ I
circ-llar groove Otl the s~lpport surrounding the base
of the poi.nts. Tlle other end of the cylindri.cal part
is radi..ll.Ly extendccl in tlle forrn of a flat rillg,
leavin~ at its centre the passage which givcs
.~ccess l;o thepoi.rlts. The cove-r i.s rnade in thc rorl!l
Or a r I al ~lisk ; lltcgra 1. with t hc rillg-shapecl c nvc 1 ol)c
30 portion towards the pcrlphery thcreof. Thus, thc
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volume surrounding the points is reduced to the
absolute minimum and consequently so is the quantity
of active substance surrounding them.
Advantageously, the periphery of the ring~shaped
part can again be extended along a widened diameter
cylindrical portion which forms, together with the
ring-shaped portion a cup-like member at the bottom of
which the cover is placed. This widened diameter
cylindrical portion can advantageously be provided
on its edge with grooves or channels which facilitates
the gripping thereof.
Preferably, the envelope is made from a plastics
material such as, for example, polyethylene and the
cover can advantageously have a plastics material
layer, under the circumstances polyethylene, whose
outer face is preferably covered with a protective
material such as a metal film or a cardboard sheet.
The cover is preferably rendered integral with
the corresponding surface of the envelope by hot
welding.
The significant radial distance separating the
weld line from the central part of the cover and
providing the only contact with the active substance,
eliminates any temperature rise of the central part of
the cover and consequently of the active substance
during the welding of the latter.
As a variant, welding can be replaced by other
~oining processes, for example ultrasonic welding,
gluing, etc. These operations are carried out at an
adequate distance from the active substance
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to prevent any denaturing thereof.
Moreover, in the case where the envelope
is cup-shaped and receives the cover at its bottom,
the prefeL-abl~7 grooved l~ase of the cup removes the
5 cover alld lts weld lillc rrom any mechclnical contact,
which pl-c)tects the covcr and ~hc wcld.
As stated herein~efore, the scarifier accordillD
to the invention may on]y have a single group of
points and consequently a single envelope surroundin~
10 the group. However, the scarifier can also be in the
form of a multiple scariEier which makes it ~ossible
to simult.lneously perform multiple reactions or
vaccinations. It prefernl)ly has a relat;vely rigi(1
elongated handle with supports arranged laterally
15 towards the outside of the two longitudinal edges
of the handle. These supports are connected to the
handle by preferably curved connecting clips, each
¢ of the said supports carrylng its own group of points.
According to the invention, each group of points is
20 surro-1nded by an eTlvcLope. At its base, the ~nvelope
can have a cup-shaped member, but as a variant the
1at nill~s~,-shape(l l)oltioll radi~lll.y contil-~uin~ ~:he
cylindrical wall of thc envelope may not have the
widenecl diameter cylindrical extcnsion and can be
25 constructed in a perfectly flat manner. All the
bases of the different envelopes of the scarifier
can be located in the same plane. It is then possible
to simultaneously perform the sealing, i.e. the
placement and welAing of the diffcrent covers by
30 forming them in a sheet which is applied to the
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dlffeIent; bases i.n such a way tl-at the areas
fonning the cover of Lhe sheet coincide with the
corresponding bases. Preferably, the sheet can
remai.n integral after tlle placelnerlt of the covers
in order to form a surface which can carry
inscriptions. However, it is also possible ror the
covers to be lndividualized in the sheet, not onLy
by their circu:lar weld line, but also by pre-c~lts
or weakencd areas surrounding said li.ne. Advantageousl.y,
the base can be in the forrn of a film of plastics
materi.ll, particularly polyethy]ene, coverecl ~y a
relatively strong cardboard, optionally with the
interpositioning of a metal fllm.
According to a preferred embodirrlent of thc
invention, the gripping means, for example the hanclle~
with its various clips, can carry detachable
indiviclual. supports, each carrying its envelope.
Thus, the operator can arrange in a random manner
`l~ the support - envelope assemblies containing the
~0 substances of his choice at the ends of the different
cli.ps. Preferclb].y, the support then has at i.ts end
opposite from that carrying the points means for the
rapi.d rixing, e.g. hy ~ ce or t)y :Iatching to the
correspondi.ngly shaped clip ends, the resistance to
se~aration betweell the s~lpport and the clip cnc] o]-
connecting member being greater than the resistance
separation between tlle support and the envelope.
In a variant of such a constructlon, the
gripping means can advalltageously be designcd so
as to receive a singl.c support wi.th its envelopc as
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a result Or high-speed fixing Ineans. The lat~er
can advantageous]y be of the type having jaws
able to fasten a portio-r- of the support opposite
to the end carrying the points. These jaws can,
for example, advantageousJy be tightened around
said portion by sliding in a tubular member bringing
about thc fastening of the jaws by a ramp efect.
In a particularly advantageous manner, said
gripping means can incorporate means making it
possible, during fixing, to separate the envelope
from the s~lpport in order to free the points and
enable ~he operator holding the gripping means to
carry out the scarification operation as froln this
time.
lS The invention is described in greater detail
hereinafter relative to non-limitative embodiments
and with reference to the attached drawings, wherein
show:
Fig 1 a profile view of a multiple support scarifier
according to the invention.
Fig 2 a view of il scarifier according to a variant o~
the invention.
Fig 3 a pl.m view of a sheet of covers for the scarificr
of ~ig 2.
Fig 4 a sectional view of a detachable envelope -
support assembly.
Fig 5 a part sectional view of a gripping mealls for
a single suppor~.
Fig 6 a sectional vièw of the lower part of said
me~llls at tlle time of separatillg the suppol^L rr
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i. ~ s ~llV~ l O ~C` .Fig 7 a vi~w identical to t'hat o~ Fig 6 just prior
to scarification.
Reference is firstly made to Fig 1. The
scarifi~r which serves to enable the performance
of a plurality of immunological or allergological
tests is made from pol~nethyl methacrylate. It is
provided wi~ a handle l, which is shown in pro~ile
in Fig 1 and which normally extends perpendicularly
to the drawing plane. On either side of its median
plane, the handle has a plurality of clips 2 with
a first horizontal porLion extending perpendicu]ar
to the handle l and a downwardly extending ob],ique
portion. At the end of each of the downward obli~lue
portions of clips 2, there is a substantially
circular support 3, moulded in one piece with the
scarifier and which also has a stiffening rib 4
extending towards the clip. Thc lower clip of'thc
circular support 3 has a circular groove 5 defining in
its celltrc a base 6 havillg a group of do~lward]y
oriented points 7 in its lower portion.
The envelope surrounding the group oE points
7 firstly has a cylindrical portion 8, whose internal
' diameter corresponds to the external diamet~r o
base 6 so as to permit a force fitting oE portion
8 on the base and around point 7, whereby this is
at an adequate distance as a resu]t of the depth of
group 5 to ensure a hermctic joint. At its cnd remote
from support 3, the polyethylene cyl;ndrical portion
8 is colltinued ~y a shoulder in thc form of flat ring
4751
9, which is itself downwardly extendecl by a fl.lrthc~r
cylindrical portion 10 l~av:ing a widencd diallleter,
but which is not as long as portion 8. a.s can be
seen from the envelope separated from the support,
which appears in the left-hand portion of the drawiTlg,
portion 10 has grooves facilitating the grlpping
thereof.
As can be seen i-n the clrawing, the lellgth of
the internal ori.fice of portion 8 is sufficient so
that when its upper end abuts against the bottom of
groove 5, its lower end is positioned slightly below
the end of point 7. When the envelope has been mounted
in this way on the base, it is possible to place in
the bottom of the cup formed by the flat annular
portion 9 and the peripheral rim 10, a disk-shaped
circular cover incorporating a polyethylene sheet ll
extern~ly coated with an aluminium filrn 12. This
cover is welded at its periphery against the bottom
of the cup in the vicinity of rim 10, where it is
possible to see the outline of the weld line 13.
Filling takes place in the following way.
, An envelope, without its cover, is placed on e~ch
J support, i.. e. around each group of points 7. The
assembly is sterilized and turned over in such a way
that the handle points dow~wards and the pcints point
upwards. The depressions adjacent to the poi.nts within
portion 8 are filled with the different active substances,
namely one substance per group o:E points. The dlffercJnt
covers are then placed in the depressions or small.
containers, followed by the welding thereof. It is
: ~ \
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c:lclr ~h.lL (~ iL~ ol?~r~lt:ion~ only a li~ite(l
~ t;~y of acL;v( substlllce :is ;ntroduce~ .Ind its
volunl~ is at the most equal to and preferably ].ess
tllan tlle ~ol~lnlc dcriTlcd t)ctween the L)ase, the w~.ll
8 and the cover. Moreover, welding takes place ~I.ol-g
the circu]ar l;.ne 13radiaLly remote from the i.n~erl~a.L
volume containill~ the ~substallce, in such a way ~h~t
no he~t tr~lnsmission takes plclce towards the :Latt~-).
The thus formed apparatus can then be packed
in single packs. This is particularly the case in
vi.ew of the fact th~lt the bases of the envelopes,
fonned by the lower edge of the cylindrical portions
10, extcnd in the ~ame plane Mnd for the sclri~ier
form a stable base surface.
When it is desired to use the scarifier, the
operator rcmove.s i.t from its packi.ng, grips the
handle l in one hand and with the other successive.Ly
removcs tlle var:io~ls cnvclop~s in such a way as to
disengage all the grollps oE points, such as 7. l`he
scarificr is then re.ldy Lor sca:r-iicatioll
In order to acilitate the removal of the
envelopes, it is optionally possible to use a sheet
of cardboard or plastics ~naterial (not shown) provided,
at the spacing of the cylindrical Portions 8, wi.th
a ccrt.~ nunl~c~- of or:ifices, whose diameter is
slightly larger than the external diameter of the
cylindrical portions 8. In this way, the meml~er is
grasped between the diferent rims 10 and the l.ower
edges of.supports 3, ln such a way that on pulli.ng
said mcmbe:r downwlrds away from handl.e 1, thc di.~erel-lt
1164~51
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envelopes are freed.
In the embodilllent of Figs 2 and 3, the
envelopes still have a cylindrical portion 8 and
an annular portion 9, but no longer have the widened
cylindrical portion 10, so that the base of the
scarifier is fo~ned by the lower faces of the
annular portions 9.
The different envelopes of the scarifier are
sealed all at once by means of a plate 14 formed from
a polyethylene sheet lS and a cardboard layer 16.
Partial C-ltOuts 17, advantageously arranged with
i the spacing of supports 3, define covers 18 which
are sinlultaneously welded to the lower faces of the
different portions 9 in accordance with the weld
lines 13, after the scarifier has received the
different desired quantities of the various substances
, placed in the corresponding envelopes around the
points.
. The partial cutout 17 can be designed so as
to pcrmit, after welding, the separation from the
remainder of plate 14, so as to only leave the
covers welded to the envelopes. However, as a variant,
the plate can be designed so as to remain permanently
in place and optionally permit the separation of the
envelopes from the supports, for example in pairs,
if the strength of the welds exceeds the strength of
the fixture of the envelope in groove 5.
In the embodiment of Fig 4, it is possible to
see a clip 2 which, at its end, has a portion provided
with a transverse circular groove 19. This groovc
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cooperates 'by locking with a corresponding interlla'l
flange 20 of a support 21, which otherwise has
the same configuratioll as supports 3~ Support 21
is covered with an envel.ope, provided with its
cover, as in Fig 1. The axial separation resistance
between clip 2 and support 21 exceeds the a~ial
separation resistance between the support and the
support and the envelope surrounding the points.
Xt is therefore possible to supply the user
with scarifiers having a handle like handle 1 and
a plurality of support-free clips 2, as well as
assemblies i.n each case constituted by a support 21
covered by its envelope and containing a specific
substance. As a result, the user is able to fi~
at the desired locations on the scarifier the support -
cllve:Lopc asse~ Lics con~a.ining the desi.red subsL,Ii-lco~
then, after separation from the envelope and wi.th
the support still fixed to the clip, the scarifier
is ready for ~se. After use~ the supports 21 are
separated from the scarifier, whi.ch can then be
~' ' reused after fitting newassemblies.
The construction of such separable individual
supports also has the advantage of avoiding the
discarding of the scarifier,having several groups of
points, if the tests performed after the impregnation
of the points and prior to the sealing by covers 12,
reveal a defect in impregnation.
In the embo(lioent of F;.gs 5, 6 and 7, and
in the case of a scarifier having a single group oL
i~ 30 points, i.t ;s possi.ble to see a grippping means 21
A75i
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which is al.)le to LeCe i.ve ~nd support in ~ rapid
and detachable manner a support with its group of
pOilltS. The swpport is preferably identical with
that of Fig 4 and is designated by the ref~rence
numeral 21, the group of points bci.ng protected by
envelope 8. Unlike thc~ support 21 oE Fig 4, Lhe
support of Fig 5 has at its end opposite to l-he
groups of points, a conical extension 23 with a
limited slope.
The grippi.ng means 22 is in the forrn of an
elongated body, provided with two support clips for
fingers 24 and an upper handle 25 making it possible
to actuate~ a sliding rod 26. The movement of rod 26
makes it possible to axial.ly drive a group of jaws
27, for example four jaws which, in the manner well
known in the propelling pencil field, tend to
radially rnove away from one another when rod 26
is forccd downwards by but~on 25s whereas the jaws
tend to cl.ose when rod 26 is again driven upwards
tnder the action of a conventional opposing spring.
Thus, operation is as fol:lows. The operator
grips thc~ gripping means 22 with two fingers and
s~lpportecl on cli.ps 24. Ile then presses button 25
with the thumb and, counter to the action of the
opposing spring, slides jaws 27 downwards, which also
leads to the moving apart thereof up to the extreme
position shown in Fig 5 in which the end of jaws 27
emerges from body 22 beyond its extreme edge 28. As
shown in Fig 5, the operator then moves together the
jaws of extension 23 in such a way as to surround the
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latter. Ile then relaxes the pressure on button 25
which causes an upward movement of the jaws and
very rapidly the.latter are securcd to extensi.on 23.
Thus, the assembly formed by support 21 and en~lo~e
8 is displaced upwards and inwards of the body of
gripping means 22. Fig 6 shows ~he extreme upper
position of jaws 27. It can be seen that the diametcr
of the internal orifice in which slide the jaws is
smaller than the diameter of the widest portion oE
envelope 8, which thus abuts against rim 28. As a
result of following the upward movement of the jaws
and the support 21, this separates envelope 8 from
support 21 in such a way that envelope 8 drops under
the action of gravity and the points are then dis-
engaged. The operator then applies end 28 againstthe ~pidcrmis 29af the patient and then operates
button 25 bringing about the downward movement of
jaws 27 and the support of points 21. As a result,
the points penetrate the epidermis and scarificati.on
takes place. Following scarification, the operator
removes the gripping means 22 from the epidennis
and, whilst continuing to press button 25 downwards,
moves the jaws 27 apart and drops support 21. The
operator is then able to take another support 21
provided with its envelope. The supports21 can advan-
tageously be arranged successively on a belt, carton
or any other member in an unchanging order, corres-
pondi.ng to the different substances used.
Although the i.nvcntion has been described and
represented with respect Lo spccific embodinlents, it
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is to l?L~ ulldel-s~ood L~ umel ous vari ~nts e.ln
be mac]~ thereto witho-lt passing beyond the scope
o f the i nvent i.on .
