Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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BACKGRO~ND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an evaporation
burner capable of readily attaining a complete combustion of
a preheat burning flame, by preheating rapidly to the
vaperized gas generating ambient temperature a gas
generating unit and a burning unit arranged adjacent to each
other, thereafter vaperizing or gasifying the fuel supplied
together with the combustion air, and burning the gas
mixture through a number of injection flame ports.
The present applicant has proposed an evaporation
burner in the Japanese Patent Publication No. 21170/83, in
which a gas generating unit through which a preheat burning
flame flows and a burning unit having therein a hollow gas
chamber and a number of flame injection ports in its surface
are arranged adjacent to each other. A distal or free end
of the gas generating unit is connected to the burning unit
through communication windows, so that the gas generating
unit and the burning unit are rapidly preheated from the
inside by the flow action of the preheat burning flame
generated in the gas generating unit, and at the same time,
a part of the preheat burning flame injecting through the
injection ports is directed to the gas generating unit to
heat the gas generating unit from the outside. Thereafter,
the fuel supplied into the gas generating chamber is
vaperized or gasified togehter with the combustion air to
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1 generate a gas mixture. Then, the gas mixture is directed
upwardly from the injection ports of the burning unit while
heating the gas generating unit around its periphery,
thereby burning the gas mixture. Thus, the evaporation
combustion is continued.
In such a conventional evaporation burner, since
the burning unit connected to the distal and side of the gas
generating unit is closed except for the injection ports,
the preheat burning flame introduced from the gas generating
unit to the burning unit is gradually stagnant in the burn-
ing unit. Therefore, there will be a phenomenon where the
burning flame flows reversely to the gas generating unit.
As a result, an incomplete combustion is caused due to the
fact that the area of the combustion chamber for the preheat
burning flame is smaller. The material generated resulting
from the incomplete combustion will plug or clog the
injection ports, thereby resulting in degradation of the
preheat effect of the gas generating unit. In addition, the
material is also adhered to the inner surfaces of the gas
generating unit and the burning unit, resulting in degrada-
tion of the vaperized gas generating performance. It is
therefore difficult to continue the constant amount
vaperized combustion in a stable manner.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, an object of the present invention
is to provide an evaporation burner wherein a gas generating
chamber and a burning unit are arranged adjacent to each
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1 other, and the burning unit is connected at both sides to adistal end side and a proximal end side of the gas generat-
ing unit through recirculation windows, whereby without
stagnation of the preheat burning flame in the burning
unit, the preheat burning flame is freely recirculated
smoothly between the gas generating unit and the burning
unit, increasing a volume of the combustion chamber,
attaining a complete combustion of the preheat burning
~lame, promoting the preheat of the gas generating unit and
the burning unit and attaining an automatic transition from
the wet combustion state to the vaperized conbustion state
for a short period of time, thereby enabling to continue a
stable vaperized combustion and freely adjusting the degree
of clasing or opening of the recirculation windows in
response to the combustion state to adjust the preheat
combustion flame and the vaperized combustion flame.
In view of the above, to attain the object, there
is provided an evaporation burner comprising a burning unit
having a hollow gas chamber therein and burning plates on
its surface, a gas generating chamber through which a
preheat burning flame may flow, the gas generating chamber
being located adjacent to the burning unit and substantially
along the centerline of the burning unit, an inlet window
through which the preheat burning flame within the gas
generating chamber may flow into the burning unit, and
recirculation windows through which a part of the preheat
burning flame entering into the burning unit may be
recirculated back to the gas generating chamber, the burning
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1 unit and the gas generating chamber being communicated to
each other.
Also, according to another aspect of the present
invention, there is provided an evaporation burner compris-
ing a burning unit having a hollow gas chamber therein andburning plates on its surface, a gas generating chamber
through which a preheat burning flame may flow, the gas
generating chamber being located adjacent to the burning
unit and substantially along the centerline of the burning
unit, an inlet window through which the preheat burning
flame within the gas generating chamber may flow into the
burning unit, and recirculation windows through which a
part of the preheat burning flame entering into the burning
unit may be recirculated to the gas generating chamber, the
burning unit and the gas generating chamber being communi-
cated to each other, said recirculation windows being
adjusted to vary their closing/opening degree as desired
by an opening/closing damper.
According to the evaporation burner, upon starting
the vaperized burning, even through the preheat burning
flame generated in the gas generating chamber is made to
flow through the inlet window into the adjacent burning
unit in order to preheat the gas generating chamber and the
burning unit to the vaperized gas generating ambient
temperature, the preheat burning flame may be burnt while
being recirculated from the burning unit through the
recirculation windows back to the gas generating chamber.
Therefore, the burning chamber area for the preheat burning
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l flame is remarkably increased, so that the preheat burning
flame is not stagnant in the burning unit. Therefore, there
is not fear that the preheat burning flame would be made
to flow reversely to the gas generating chamber to cause
an incomplete combustion, the material resulting from the
incomplete combustion to plug or clog the burning plate and
to adhere to the inner surfaces of the gas generating unit
and the burning unit. Thus, the complete combustion of the
preheat burning flame may readily be attained. The gas
generating chamber and the burning unit are preheated from
the insides fox a short period of time. At the same time,
the outer peripheries thereof are also heated by a part of
the preheat burning flame injected from the burning plates.
Thereafter, the fuel fed to the gas generating chamber is
rapidly vaperized or gasified. The generated vaperized gas
is agitated and mixed with the supplied combustion air to
thereby complete gas mixture while automatically attaining
the transition to the vaperized combustion. At the same
time, prior to the transition to the vaperized combustion
or even after the transition, the recirculation windows are
adjusted as desired to vary their closing/opening degree by
operating the opening/closing damper, so that the recircula-
tion amounts of the preheat burning flame and the gas
mixture are freely adjusted. Thus, a suitable and stable
preheating action or vaperized combustion is always
maintained.
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1 BRI~F DESCRIPTION OF THE DR~WINGS
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a partially fragmentary logitudinal-
sectional view showing an evaporation burner in accordance
with the first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the
line II-II of Fig. l;
Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the
burner shown in Figs. 1 and 2;
Fig. 4 is a partially fragmentary longitudinal-
sectional view showing an evaporation burner in accordance
with the second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the
line V-V of Fig. 4;
lS Fig. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the
burner shown in Figs. 4 and 5i
Fig. 7 is a part~ally fragmentary longitudinal-
sectional view showing an evaporation burner in accordance
with the third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the
line VIII-VIII of Fig. 7; and
Fig. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the
burner shown in Figs. 7 and 8.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention will now be described with
reference to the accompanying drawings.
In Figs. 1 to 3, there is shown an evaporation
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1 burner in accordance with a first embodiment of the inven-
tion, in which a recessed surface 3 is integrally formed
essentially along a longitudinal centerline of a flat
rectangular burning unit 1. The recessed surface 3 is
covered by an arcuate cover plate 7 50 that the burning
unit 1 is located adjacent to a gas generating chamber 10.
More specifically, the burning unit 1 is formed generally in
a flat rectangular shape and has an inner hollow space
which serves as a gas chamber 2. Further, substnatially in
the centerline of a burning plate 4 provided on the upper
side of the burning unit 1, there is formed the arcuate
recessed surface 3 extending in the longitudinal direction.
A number of injection ports S through which the gas chamber
2 communicates are formed in the surface of the burning
plate 4 except for the recessed surface 3. A part, which
is confronted with the recessed surface 3, of a bottom
wall 6 of the burning unit 1 is made to project outwardly.
The arcuate cover plate 7 is arranged so as to
cover the upper portion of the recessed surface 3 of the
burning unit 1. A peripheral edge flange 8 of the cover
plate 7 is mounted on a peripheral portion of the recessed
surface 3 through fastening means 9 so that the longitudinal
gas generating chamber 10 having a circular cross-section
is formed. Proximal ends of the arcuate recessed surface
3 and the arcuate cover plate 7 extends outwardly beyond
the burning unit 1 by substantially the same length. This
makes it possible to provide mounting flanges 11 and 12
at the proximal ends, respectively.
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1 The burning unit 1 and the gas generating chamber
10 which are arranged adjacent to each other as described
above are connected so as to communicate with each other
through a single inlet window 13 formed on the distal end
side of the recessed surface 3 and two recirculation windows
14, 14 formed on the proximal end side in symmetrical
relation with respect to the centerline. A preheat burning
flame generated within the gas generating chamber 10 may
freely enter from the gas generating chamber 10 through the
inlet window 13 to the interior of the burning unit 1.
Subsequently, a part of the preheat burning flame which has
entered into the gas chamber 2 may be recirculated through
the two recirculation windows 14, 14 to the proximal end
side of the gas generating chamber 10. Thus, the preheat
burning flame is freely recirculated between the burning
unit 1 and the gas generating chamber 10, so that a surface
area of the combustion chamber is remarkably increased and
the preheating burning flame is completely burnt. An
opening/closing damper 15 serves to fully open or close the
two recirculation windows 14, 14 at the same time and to
adjust the opening degree thereof as desired. The opening/
closing damper 15 is dispo~ed in the gas generating chamber
10 on the proximal end side.
The opening/closing damper 15 is composed of an
elongate hollow sleeve 16 provided at its proximal end with
a centrally opened bent wall 17. The bent wall 17 is
provided with a desired number of through holes 18
equiangularly at a constant interval.
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A proximal end of a control rod 19 is affixed to
the hollow sleeve 16 and the distal end thereof is assembled
to project outwardly through an oblong slot 20 formed in the
arcuate cover plate 7. Two communication openings 21, 21
5 which are identical with the recirculation windows 14, 14
are formed at the diametrically opposite positions~ in the
circumferential wall of the hollow sleeve 16, to the
position where the control rod 19 is mounted.
Inside of the opening/closing damper 15, there is
10 disposed a blower sleeve 24 provided integrally at a
proximal end with a flange 23 which is to be mounted on
the mounting flanges 11 and 12 through a packing 22. Thus,
a main blow passage 25 is defined in the blower sleeve 24
and a sub-passage 26 is defined between the opening/closing
15 damper 15 and the blower sleeve 24. The same number and
configuration of through holes 27 as those of the through
holes 18 are formed in the flange 23 confronted with the
through holes 13. When the recirculation windows 14, 14
and the communication openings 21, 21 are fully opened by
20 operating the control rod 19, the through holes 18 and the
through holes 27 are made identical with each other. In the
same manner, when the recirculation windows 14, 14 are
shut off by the circumferential wall of the hollow sleeve
16, the through holes 27 are fully closed by the surface
25 of the bent wall 17. Therefore, when the recirculation
windows 14, 14 are opened at a desired opening degree, the
through holes 27 are also opened at a corresponding opening
degree so that air for combustion may flow through the
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1 sub-passage 26.
By a blower 28, air for combustion is made to flow
to the gas generating chamber 10 through the main blow
passage 25 and the sub-passage 26. A flange 30 provided at
a distal end of a blower sleeve 29 of the blower 28 is
mounted on the flange 23 in a predetermined manner.
An atomizing nozzle 31 is mounted substantially at
the center of the main blow passage 25. An ignition spark
plug therefor is indicated by reference numeral 32. In Fig.
1, an oil feed tube 33 is shown by the two-dot and chain
line. When the fuel is vaperized or gasified by the
preheating action and is in the gasified combustion state,
the oil feed tube 33 serves to feed the fuel to the
proximal end side of the recessed surface 3 instead of the
atomizing nozzle 31 and to vaperize or gasify the fuel by
the preheating action. Also, it is possible to raise the
left and right edge portions of the burning unit 1 as
indicated by the two-dotted and chain line in Fig. 2. This
modification makes it possible to increase the surface area
of the gas chamber 2 and the burning plate 4, resulting in
an increase of the burning capacity and an enhancement of
the preheating effect of the gas generating chamber 10.
Spark plugs 34 for gasified combustion are
arranged to face the burning plates 4, 4 at their ends.
In a second embodiment shown in Figs. 4 through
6, a recessed surface 3' formed centrally essentially in
the longitudinal direction of a burning unit 1' is made
discrete from the burning unit 1'. In such an evaporation
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1 burner, to enhance a heat transfer ef~iciency o~ the entire
recessed surface 3', the fuel supplied in the gas g~nerating
chamber 10' is rapidly vaperized or gasified and a stable
gasified combustion may be kept for a long period o~ time.
In the second embodiment, the substantially central surface
of the flat rectangular burning unit 1' having therein a
hollow gas chamber 2' is opened along the longitudinal
direction as designated by reference numeral 35. The
surface except for the opened portion is covered by burning
plates 4', 4' each having a number of gas injection ports
5'. An upright heat transfer wall 36 is integrally provided
along the three peripheral edges, i.e., right and left
sides and a distal end side of the opened portion 35. In
addition, a lower half arcuate portion of the recessed
surface 3' is disposed in the burning unit 1' to some
extent. An inlet window 13' and two recirculation windows
14', 14' are formed on the distal and proximal end sides
of the recessed surface 3', respectively.
An arcuate cover plate 7' is mounted inside of
the heat transfer wall 36 provided along the three edges of
the recessed surface 3'. The burning plates 4', 4', the
recessed surface 3' and the arcuate cover plate 7' are
coupled together by fastening members 9' while the burning
unit 1' and the gas generating chamber 10' are arranged
adjacent to each other and are communicable to each other
through the inlet window 13' and the recirculation windows
14', 14'.
In this embodiment, the burning plates 4', 4'
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1 are made of ceramics in order to radiate infrared rays.
However, the burning plates 4', 4' may be made of metal
mesh or porous metal plates. The construction o~her than
the thus far described construction is the same as that of
the first embodiment.
In a third embodiment shown in Figs. 7 through 9,
a preheating burning flame and gas mixture generated in the
gas generating chamber 10" are injected upwardly and
downwardly from the burning unit 1" to thereby further
increase the burning capacity. In such an evaporation
burner, the gas generating chamber 10" is in the form of a
longitudinal cylinder having a closed distal end and an
open proximal ends. A square mounting flange 37 for being
mounted on a flange 23 is integrally provided at the proximal
end side of the gas generating chamber 10". A pair of
burning plates 4a" and 4b" each having a number of gas
injection ports 5" in its upper and lower surfaces are
provided at symmetrical positions with respect to the
centerline of the elongate gas generating chamber 10".
Right and left elongate rectangular burning units 1", 1"
each opened at one side and having therein a hollow gas
chamber 2" are mounted so as to be confronted with each
other. Inlet windows 13", 13" and recirculation windows
14", 14" which are communicated to the interior of the
burning units 1", 1" are formed on the right and left sides
of the distal and proximal end sides of the gas generating
chamber 10" so that the preheat burning flame is smoothly
recirculated between the gas generating chamber 10" and the
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1 burning units 1", 1".
Therefore, in the evaporation burner in accordance
with the third embodiment, the same construction as in the
first embodiment is adopted except for the construction
where two communication ports 21", 21" are formed at the
right and left symmetrical positions with respect to the
centerline of the hollow sleeve 16" of the opening/closing
damper for opening/closing the recirculation windows 14",
14" and the control rod 19" is mounted on the hollow sleeve
16" with the rod being directed downwardly.
The operation of the foregoing embodiments will now
be described.
In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 3, when the
hollow sleeve 16 of the opening/closing damper 15 is rotated
in one direction by the operation of the control rod 19 so
that the recirculation windows 14, 14 and the communication
ports 21, 21 are in alignment with each other to thereby
open these openings in a fully opened state, the through
holes 27 and-the through holes 18 are also in alignment
with each other in a fully opened state. Under such a
condition, when the blower 28 operates and the combustion
air is rendered to flow through the main blow passage 25,
the through holes 27 and the through holes 18 to the sub-
passage 26 and at the same time, the fuel is injected into
the gas generation chamber 10 from the injection nozzle 31
and then, is ignited by the spark plug 32, the preheat
combustion flame is rapidly generated. Then, after the
preheat burning flame flows through the gas ~enerating
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1 chamber 10 toward the distal end thereof, the flame enters
into the burning unit 1 from the inlet window 13 while
preheating the recessed surface 3 and the interior of the
gas generating chamber, and at the same time, the ~lame
causes a part of the preheating burning flame to be injected
from the gas injection ports S. The other of the flame is
introduced through the recirculation windows 14, 14 and the
communication ports 21, 21 into the sub-passage Z6, and
then, is aga.in recirculated into the gas generating chamber
10 together with the combustion air.
Therefore, since the part of the preheating burn-
ing flame is injected from the gas injection port 5 and the
other is freely recirculated, the area of the combustion
chamber is remarkably increased and in addition, the rate of
flow is also increased to thereby completely burn the fuel.
The gas generating chamber is heated by the part of the
preheat burning flame from the outside and the interior of
the gas generating chamber 10 is rapidly heated to a
gasifying ambient temperature. Thus, when the interiors of
the burning unit 1 and the gas generating chamber 10 are
raised at a predetermined temperature, the fuel dispersion
action of the injection nozzle 31 is temporarily interrupt-
ed, thereby stopping the continuation of the preheat
burning flame and subsequently injecting and dispersing the
fuel, supplied from the injection nozzle 31, into the pre-
heated gas generating chamber 10 together with the combus-
tion air.
Thus, the fuel is rapidly vaperized or gasified
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l by the preheating action in the flow passage. The generated
evaporated gas is agitated and mixed with the combustion
air in the ~low passage, to become a complete mixture. The
mixture is made to flow from the inlet window 13 to the
burning unit l. The part of the mixture is injected upward-
ly from the number of gas injection ports 5, and, at the
same time, the other is made to recirculated the recircula-
tion windows 14, 14, the communication ports 21, 21 and
the sub-passage 26 into the gas generating chamber 10.
When the mixture gas is injected upwardly through
a number of the gas injection ports 5 in this manner, the
recirculation windows 14, 14 are interrupted by the
circumferential wall of the hollow sleeve 16 of the opening/
closing damper 15 by operating the control rod 19, thereby
bringing the windows in the fully closed state. As a
result, the mixture gas which has entered from the gas
generating chamber 10 into the burning unit l is retained
in the burning unit 1 without the recirculation, and is
injected from the gas injection ports 5 under a constant
pressure thereby keeping the gasified combustion stable and
heating the overall gas generating chamber 10 with the part
of the gasified combustion flame from the outside. There-
after, the vaperizing gasifying action of the fuel injected
into the gas generating chamber 10 is promoted. Incidental-
ly, when the recirculation windows 14, 14 are under the fullyclosed state, the through holes 27 are also under the fully
closed condition and the combustion air will flow through
the main blow passage 25.
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1 Accordingly, upon the generation of the preheat
combustion flame fills and stagnates in the burning unit 1
without any reverse flow from the burning unit 1 to the gas
generating chamber 10. Namely, the complete combustion may
readily attained, and a state in which the gas injection
ports 5 would be plugged or clogged by material generated
due to the incomplete combustion is prevented or an
unstable condition of the evaporated gas generation due to
the adhesion of the material to the gas generating chamber
10 and the inner surface of the burning unit 1 may be
prevented.
In addition, since the opening degree of the
recirculation windows 14, 14 is freely adjusted by the
opening/closing damper 15, the recirculation amounts of the
preheat combustion flame and the gas mixture may be adjusted
as desired and the injection amount of the injected flame
from the gas injection ports 5 may be adjusted.
Also, since the burning unit 1 is always heated by
the preheat burning flame, the gas mixture generated upon
the transient vaperized combustion is prevented from being
in the liquefied state.
In the second embodiment shown in Figs. 4 through
6, although the recessed surface 3' is formed independently
of the burning unit 1', the heat transfer wall 36 is strongly
~5 heated by the part of the burning flame injected from a
number of gas injection ports 5'. The overall recessed
surface 3' may be preheated at the vaperized gas generating
ambient temperature by the heat transfer action. Therefore,
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1 even upon the transient state from the preheat combustion to
the vaperized combustion, the dispersed fuel is positively
gasified or vaperized so that the gas mixture may be stably
obtained and the desired vaperized combustion may be
continued.
Furthermore, in the evaporation burner in
accordance with the third embodiment shown in Figs. 7 to ~,
the part of the preheat burning flame which has entered
into the right and left burning units 1'l, 1" from the gas
generating chamber 10" is simultaneously injected upwardly
and downwardly through the gas injection ports 5" formed in
the upper and lower surfaces of the burning plates 4a"
and 4b". Even if the gas generating chamber 10" is made
cylindrical, not only the preheating effect is enhanced but
also upon the transient state to the vaperized combustion,
the great arnount of the gas mixture is injected at a high
speed from the upper and lower surfaces of the burning
units 1", 1", thereby driving an optimum performance from
the heating instrument.
