Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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FUNGICIDAL COMPOSITIONS
The present invention relates to new compositions
for protecting plants against finagle diseases, and in
particular to compositions comprising, as active ingredients,
a fungicide of the phosphate type and l-(2-cyano-2-
methoxyiminoacetyl)-3-ethylurea.
It is known to use systemic fungicides to protect
plants against finagle diseases. In particular,
phosethyl-Al (the common name for aluminum tris-0-ethyl-
phosphonate or aluminum ethyl-phosphite) is used for
10 protecting vines and other plants against Phycomycetes.
This product has a remarkable action in preventive
treatment and a secondary curative activity at its normal
use dose. It is usually employed in a mixture with
contact fungicides.
The fungicide 1-(2-cyano-2-methoxyiminoacetyl)-
3-ethylurea (hereinafter referred to as"cymoxanil"which
has a limited systemic action and a secondary curative
action, is also used. This product is generally used
against Phycomycetes in a mixture with a contact fungicide
20 in order to improve its persistence.
It has now been found, surprisingly, that if
phosethyl-Al or its homologous derivatives as hereinafter
defined are used in combination with cymoxanil, the
mixtures have a remarkable synergistic action, especially
25 curative action, against finagle diseases.
The present invention accordingly provides
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fungicidal compositions which comprise, as active
ingredient, a mixture of
-A) at least one fungicide of the phosphate type of
the general formula:
(R P on My I
wherein R is an OH group, an alkyd group containing from
2 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group containing from
2 to 4 carbon atoms, M is a hydrogen atom (only if R is
itself an OH grouper an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal
10 or aluminum atom and R may also represent Noah when M is a
sodium atom' and n is an integer from 1 to 3,
and
-B) 1-(2-cyano-2-methoxyiminoacetyl)-3-ethylurea.
Amongst the compounds of general formula I,
15 monosodium and disodium phosphates and sodium,
calcium and aluminum ethyl-phosphites, and more
especially aluminum tris-O-ethyl-phosphonate, are
preferred. The weight ratio of B/A is advantageously
between 1/100 and 20/100 and preferably between 2/100 and
20 10/100~ The compositions according to the invention can
: also comprise other active ingredients, for example from
one to three contact fungicides chosen from the group
consisting of anti mildew compounds such as fungicides
: based on copper, mane, zineb and zinc metiram (complex
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of zineb and polyethylenethiuram disulphide), and more
especially folpet, captafol and mancozeb or fungicides
which are active against other diseases such as
botrytiS and black rot.
The mixtures according to the invention can be
prepared as a ready-to-use formulation or can be mixed
for immediate use.
The following non-limitative example illustrates
the invention and shows how it can be put into practice.
10 EXAMPLE
A mixture of phosethyl-Al (A') and cymoxanil (B)
in a weight ratio of B/A = 6/100 is prepared.
The mixture formulated in this way is used in viva
against PlasmoPara viticola on vine plants in a greenhouse
15 (curative treatment).
Vine plants cordon variety), cultivated in
pots, are treated on both sides of their leaves by
spraying with an aqueous suspension, at the desired
dilution, containing active ingredients to be tested,
20 respectively phosethyl-Al by itself, in the form of a
wettable powder containing 80% by weight of active
ingredient, cymoxanil by itself, in the form of a ready-
to-use wettable powder containing 50% by weight of active
ingredient, and a mixture of both wettable powders.
The suspension formed in this way is diluted
with water, respectively one-fold and two-fold, to give
three spraying emulsions having the desired concentration
of active ingredients to be tested. Spraying is carried
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out under conditions such that the spraying of a
suspension having a concentration of 1 gloater corresponds
to the application of about 2 micrograms of active
ingredients per cm2 of area of plant leaf.
In each case, two suspensions each containing one
of the active ingredients A' and B at the concentration
at which they are present in the mixture are prepared in
the same way.
A few days (n = 1 to 3 days) before spraying the
10 active ingredients, the plants were contaminated by
spraying the underside of the leaves with an aqueous
suspension containing about 80,000 units/cc of spores of
Plasmopara viticola, which is responsible for vine
mildew. The pots were then placed in an incubation cell
15 for 48 hours at 100% relative humidity and at 20C.
The plants are checked 9 days after contamination.
The check is made by measuring the sporulated areas as
a percentage relative to the control, the total area of
which is sporulated.
; 20 The results are recorded in the table which
follows:
issues
CURATIVE: EFFICACY WITH
DOSE TREATMENT
PRODUCT Glenn DAY(S) AFTER CONTAMINATION
2 3
0.5 0 0 0
PHOSETHYL--Al 1 0 0 0
(Al)
2 70 35 0
_
0.0315 15 0
CYMOXANIL (B) 0.06 75 75 0
_ .
0.12100 80 25
0.5
PHOSETHYL-Al (Aye 90 75 75
-t .
CYMOXANIL (B)
+0.0697 95 85
+0.12100 97 85
This table clearly shows that the curative
activity of the mixtures at three different doses is
superior or very superior to the sum of the activities of
phosethyl-Al and cymoxanil taken separately. The
protection obtained is still virtually total after 2 days
and still good after 3 days, the constituents being
inactive in the latter case when they are used separately.
This example shows the excellent fungicidal
activity of the compositions according to the invention,
which can be used on various families of phytopathogenic
fungi, such as e.g. Phycomycetes, in a preventive or
curative treatment.
For their use in practice, the compounds according
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to the invention are not generally employed by themselves.
Most frequently, they are used in compositions which
comprise, in addition to the active ingredient, an inert
carrier (or delineate) and/or a surface-active agent which
are compatible with the active ingredient.
These compositions also form part of the present
invention. They usually contain from Oily to 95% by
weight of active ingredient. They generally contain
between 0.1% and 20% by weight of surface-active agent.
In the present account, the term "carrier"
denotes an organic or inorganic, natural or synthetic
material with which the active ingredient is combined in
order to facilitate its application to the plant, to
seeds or to the soil. This carrier is therefore generally
inert and it must be acceptable in agriculture, in
particular on the plant treated. The carrier can be
solid (e.g. clays, natural or synthetic silicates, silica,
chalks, resins, waxes and solid fertilizers) or liquid
(e.g. water, alcohols, kittens, petroleum fractions,
aromatic or paraffinic hydrocarbons, chlorohydrocarbons
and liquefied gases).
The surface-active agent can be an emulsifying,
dispersing or wetting agent of ionic or non-ionic type.
Examples which may be mentioned are polyacrylic acid salts,
lignosulphonic acid salts, phenolsulphonic or naphthalene-
sulphonic acid salts, polycondensates of ethylene oxide
with fatty alcohols, fatty acids, fatty amine or
substituted phenols (in particular alkylphenols,arylphenols
I,
- ` lZ~7'7~0
or styrylphenol), salts of sulphosuccinic acid esters,
Turin derivatives (in particular alkyltaurates) and
phosphoric acid esters of condensates of ethylene oxide
with alcohols or phenols. The presence of at least one
surface-active agent is generally essential, especially
if the inert carrier is not soluble in water and if the
vehicle of application is water.
The compositions used in the invention can be in
a fairly wide variety of solid or liquid forms.
As forms of solid compositions there may be
mentioned dusting powders or sprinkling powders (with an
active ingredient content which can range up to 100%)
and granules.
As forms of liquid compositions or compositions
which are to be made up into liquid compositions on
application, there may be mentioned solutions, in
particular water-soluble concentrates, emulsifiable
concentrates, emulsions, suspension concentrates, aerosols,
wettable powders (or spraying powders) and pastes.
The emulsifiable or water-soluble concentrates
most frequently comprise 10 to 80% by weight of active
ingredient, and the emulsions or solutions which are ready
for application contain 0.001 to 20% by weight of active
ingredient. In addition to the solvent, and where
25 necessary, the emulsifiable concentrates can contain 2
to 20% by weight of suitable additives such as stabilizers,
surface-active agents, penetrating agents, corrosion
inhibitors, distaffs and adhesives. Starting from these
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concentrates, emulsions of any desired concentration,
which are particularly suitable for application to the
leaves, can be obtained by dilution with water.
The suspension concentrates, which can also be
applied by spraying, are prepared so as to give a stable
fluid product which does not form a deposit, and they
usually contain from 10 to 75% by weight of active
ingredient, from 0.5 to 15% by weight of surface-active
agents, from 0.1 to Lowe by weight of thixotropic agent,
10 from 0 to 10% by weight of suitable additives such as
anti-foam agents, corrosion inhibitors, stabilizers,
penetrating agents and adhesives, and, as the carrier,
water or an organic liquid in which the active ingredient
is sparingly soluble or insoluble, certain organic
15 solids, or inorganic salts, can be dissolved in the
carrier in order to assist in preventing sedimentation
or to act as anti-freeze agents for the water.
Ike wettable powders (or spraying powders) are
usually prepared so as to contain 20 to 95% by weight
20 of active ingredient, and they usually contain, in
addition to the solid carrier, from 0 to 5% by weight
of a wetting agent, from 3 to 10% by weight of a
dispersing agent and, where necessary from 0 to 10% by
weight of one or more stabilizers and/or other additives
25 such as penetrating agents, adhesives, anti-caking
agents and distaffs.
Various compositions of wettable powders are
now given as examples:
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g _
EXAMPLE 2
- active ingredients (6.5/100 mixture of B/A) 50 %
- ethylene oxide/fatty alcohol condensate
(wetting agent) 2.5%
5 - ethylene oxide/styrylphenol condensate
(dispersing agent) 5 %
- chalk (inert carrier) 42.5%
Another example of a wettable powder has the
following composition:
10 EXAMPLE 3
- active ingredient (6.6/100 mixture of By
phosethyl-AL 50 %
cymoxanil 3.3%
folpet 25 %
15 - ethylene oxide/fatty alcohol condensate
(wetting agent) 5.7%
- ethylene oxide/styrylphenol condensate
(dispersing agent) 6 %
To obtain these spraying powders or wettable
20 powders, the active ingredient is intimately mixed
with the additional substances in suitable mixers and
the mixture is ground in mills or other suitable
grinders. This gives spraying powders of advantageous
nettability and suspend ability, they can be suspended
25 in water at any desired concentration and this suspension
can be used very advantageously, in particular for
application to the leaves of the plants.
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As already stated, the aqueous dispersions
and aqueous emulsions, e.g. compositions obtained by
diluting with water, a wettable powder or an emulsifiable
concentrate according to the invention, are included
within the general scope of the present invention. The
emulsions can be of the water-in-oil or oil-in-water
type and they can have a thick consistency such as that
of a "mayonnaise".
The granules, which are intended to be placed
lo on the soil, are usually prepared so as to have
dimensions of between Owl and 2 mm, and they can be
manufactured by agglomeration or impregnation. In general,
the granules contain Owe to 25% by weight of active
ingredient and O to 10% by weight of additives such as
15 stabilizers, slow release modifiers, binders and
solvents.
Compositions according to the present invention
may also be in the form of dusting powders, thus, it is
possible to use a composition comprising 50 g of active
20 ingredient and 950 g of talc; it is also possible to use
a composition comprising 20 g of active ingredient,
lo g of finely divided silica and 970 g of talc, these
constituents are mixed and ground and the mixture is
applied by dusting.
The invention also relates to a method for
treating plants against attack by phytopathogenic fungi
which comprises applying to these plants an effective
amount of a mixture of A) at least one compound of general
issue
formula I (wherein R, M and n are as herein before
defined) and B) 1-(2-cyano-2-methoxyiminoacetyl)-3-
ethyl urea in a composition according to the present
invention, for example after contamination of the plants
by the fungus or fungi. The term "effective amount"
is understood as meaning a sufficient amount to enable
the fungi present on these plants to be controlled and
destroyed. However, the use doses can vary within
wide limits, according to the fungus to be combated,
10 the type of crop and the climatic conditions.
