Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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The invention relates to a machine for severing the
mea-t adherin~ to bones from said bones by pressing the bones
having meat adhering thereon.
Machines of this type are known, which comprise a
compressing chamber having a vertical axis arranged with a frame.
The side wall of this chamber can be raised in sealing engagement
with an abutment member. A press piston can be mounted in this
chamber from the bottom side and the chamber can be closed at its
upper end by the abutment member for the pressing operation, said
abutment member being swivellable around a vertical axis between
a closing position located above the compressing chamber and a
position giving free the compressing chamber. The abutment
member is cylindrical at its bottom facing the compressing
chamber a protrusion sealingly entering into the compressing
chamber from above when the chamber is raised. The wall of the
compressing ~hamber has openings for the passage of the meat
converted into a pasty position under the compression pressure
but is impassable for the bones. A substantially horizontal
supporting surEace for the bones to be introduced into the
compressing chamber laterally adjoins the upper end of the
2U compressing chamber, and above the compressing chamber, spaced
apart therefrom, there is provided a horizon-tal cross-piece,
which is anchored on two columns of the frame and which is
contacted by the compressing chamber in its closing position and
which counteracts the compression pressure during the pressing
2~ operation. By means of such devices, the bones having meat
adhering thereon can be pressed with low expenditure for
recovering residual meat, which passes through the openings of
the wall of the compressing chamber in a pasty condition and is
collected, whereas the compressed mass of bones, after finishing_
the pressing operation and after swivelling aside the abutment,
is shifted out of thè compressing chamber in upward direction and
is removed. In the conventional construction, the abutment
member consists of a piece of tube closed on its bottom and
forming in its position closing the compressing chamber some sort
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of extension of the wall of the compressing chamber. In this
position the abutment member contacts with its upper end the
stationary cross-piece, and this piece and the mentioned both
columns transmit the load exer-ted by the compressing pressure
into the frame.
The present invention simplifies this device to lower
its costs, whilst simultaneously improving the sealing Pffect at
the upper front end of the compressing chamber during the
pressing operation.
u! Accordiny to the present invention there is provided a
; ~ machine for scrving ~he meat adhering to bones from said bone by
pressing the bones, comprising a frame, a compressing chamber
having a vertical disposed axis withln the frame and having a
side wall, a horizontal cross-piece disposed above the
1~ compressing chamber and including an abutment member which
absorbs compressing pressure during a pressing operation, said
side wall of said compressing chamber being adapted to be raised
in sealing engagement with said abutment member, a press piston
adapted to be moved in the compressing chamber and clase the
2U chambers on its bottom, said abutment member being adapted to
close the upper end of said compressing chamber dur~ng the
pressing operation, said abutment being swivellable around a
first vertlcal column between a closing position located above
the compresslng chamber and a position giving free access to the
2~ compressing chamber and carrying on the bottom facing the
compressing chamber a protrusion sealingly entering from above
into the comprsssing chamber when the compressing chamber is
lifted into engagement with the abutment member, openings in the
wall of the compressing chamber for the passage of a meat
3~ converted into a pasty condition under the action of the
compression pressure, said openings being impassable to ths
bones, a substantially horizontal supporting surface ~or the
bones having me~t adhering thereon to be introduced into the
compressing chamber, said supporting surface laterally adjoining
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the upper end of the compressing chamber, said abutment member
being adapted -to be anchored on a further column oE said frame
duriny the pressing operation and being combined with he
protrusion to a single component part being swivellable around
said first vertical column, said protrusion being provided with a
conical mantle surface for centering and sealing purposes.
Thus, according to the invention, the abutment member
is combined with the cross-piece and with the protrusion to one
single component part being swivellable around the vertical axis
being formed by said one column, the protrusion being provided
lu with a conical mantle surface. While in the conventional
construction two component parts being separated one from the
other, i.e., the abutment member E~ se and the cross-piece, are
required for transmitting the compress~on pressure into the
frame, said both component parts are, in the present invention,
combined to one signal component part and are swivellable
together around the vertical axis. This has a premise that the
cross-piece can be loosened from the said one column but can
still reliably b~ anchored thereon, in order to be able to
transmit the compression pressure into the frame. The invention
provides also the advantage that, on account o the simplified
construction~ any tolerances are avoided whlch would be critical
in the conventional construction at the surface, along which the
abutment member engages the cross-plece. Also the operation of
the machlne is simplified because the common component part
2~ forming the cross-piece and the abutment member can more easily
be handled than the separate abutment member havlng to be moved
below the cross-piece in the conventional construction.
Furthermore, the conical protrusion provides an automatic
~ centering means for the abutment member relative to the - 3U compressing chamber when applying the compression pressure, so
that an unobjectable seal is obtained at the upper end of the
compressing chamber.
According to a preferred embodlment of the invention,
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the cross-piece can be swivelled in its posi-tion giving free
access to the compressing chamber in a direction towards the side
located opposite the supporting surface. The cross-piece thus
provided no hindrance for filling the compresslng chamber and
simultaneously forms a guide means for the compressed residual
mass when expelling and removing same.
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According to a further embodiment of the invention, the
cross-piece is in ths shape of a hook at its end located opposite
the vertical pivotal axis and embraces, in the position absorbing
the compression pressure, with this hook in a recess of the other
column not forming the swivelling axis. This results in a
reliable anchoring of the cross-piece on the column during the
pressing operation, so that the load is reliably absorbed. Thus
that end of the cross-piece which is located opposite the
swivelling axis can be blocked on its column in that position of
1~ the cross-piece in which it absorbed the compression pressure.
For facilitating operation, the cross-piece can be provided with
a handle at its end located opposite the swivelling axis.
The present invention will be further illustrated by
2~ way of the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 shows in a side elevation and partially in a
section the essentially parts of a machine according to one
embodiment of the present invention with the wall of the
compressing chamber in its lowered position and with the cross-
piece in its closing position;
Figure 2 is a section along the line II-II of Figure 1,
soms parts being shown in a broken away condition;
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Figure 3 is a similar v~ew to Figure 1, partially in a
section, but with the wall of the compressing chamber lifted
against the cross-piece; and
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Figure ~ is a plan view the arrangement for the
swivelling the cross-piece.
The machine comprises a frame 1 in which a hydraulic
cylinder 2 is rigidly fixed. A piston 3 can be moved from this
cylinder 2 and introduced into a compressing chamber 4 having a
vertical axis 5. The compressing chamber 4 is in the shape of a
cyllnder of circular cross section closable at i-ts upper front
end 6 by an abutment for the pressing operation in the form of a
cross-piece 7. The tubular wall 8 of the compressing chamber 4
has several openings holes or slots 9, through which openings can
u flow the meat which has been converted into a pasty condition
under the action of the compression pressure. However, these
openings 9 cannot be passed by the bones. The wall 8 with its
openings 9 thus forms a perforated or slotted filter for
separating the meat from the bones. The meat flowing th~ough the
openings 9 passed into an annular chamber 10 surroundlng the wall
8 and formed a mantle tube 11. The meat may accumulate in this
annular chamber 10 and flow ln outward direction through several
radial outlets 12, to which hoses (not shown)-may be connected
leading to a collecting vat.
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The wall 8 of the compressing chamber 4 is, within
limits, vertically displaceable between a lowermost position
shown in Figure 1 and an uppermost position shown in Figure 3.
in the lowermost position (Figure 1), the wall 8 is lowered to
2~ such an extent that its upper front end 6 is located at a level
lower than the cross-piece 7, l.e. is located at such a distance
below the cross-piece 7 that it can be swivelled to one side in
direction of the twin arrow 13 (Figure 4), so that it can be
moved into a position in which the bones 1~ to pressed (~igure 3)
3U can be introduced from above into the compressing chamber ~. For
this purpose, there is conveniently provided a horizontal
supporting surface 15 for the bones to be pressed or such a
supporting surface which is slightly inclined in direction
towards the compressing chamber (Figure 4), while supporting
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surface ad;oins -the fron-t end 6 of the compressing chamber 4
assuming the aforesaid position. The suppor-ting surface may have
the shape of a shallow vat being delimited by a marginal bead 16
for preventing the bones from unintentional dropping. The bones
may easily manually be mounted on the supporting surface 15 in
direction of the arrow 17 ~Figure 4) to the compressing chamber
4. Conveniently, a transition plate 18 surrounding the pressing
chamber 4 adjoins the supporting surface 15 and may optionally
have upwardly bent edges 19 suiding the bones into the
compressing chamber 4. This transltion plate 18 may be provided
with a chute 20 at the edge located opposite the supporting
:Iu surface 15, said chute allowing the compressed residual mass
expelled from the compressing chamber 4 to be removed in
direction o~ the arrow 21, for example into a receiving
receptacle.
1~ The cross piece 7 forming the abutment is swivellable
around a vertical axis 22 constituted by the axis of symmetry of
a column 23, on which the cross-piece 7 is supported by means of
a bearing 40 to effect a swivelling movement in a horizonta~
plane. A similar column 24 is provided at the other side of the
2U device and has a recess 25 which is, in the active position of
the cross-piece 7, accommodated by the free end of this cross-
piece 7 which has the shape of a hook 26. This hook 26 is
provided with a handle 27 which may simultaneously serve as a
locking member for locking the cross-piece 7 in its closing
2~ position shown in full lines in ~igure 4. The cross-piece may be
swivelled to one side of this position into the inactive position
shown in dashed llnes and be swivelled back out of the latter
position. In the closing position, shown in full lines, of the
cross-piece 7, the columns 23, 24 absorb the compression pressure
3U during pressing operation and the columns are of correspondingly
strong design. For preventing the cross-piece 7 from becoming
upwardly forced off the columns 23, 24 under the action o~ the
- compression pressure, both columns 23, 24 are provided with
enlarged heads 41.
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~ ca-tch ring 28 made of synthetic plastics material and
con-tacting a perforated plate 29 serves to effect the aforesaid
lifting movement or lowering movemen-t of the wall 8 of the
compressing chamber 4 and is fixedly connected to the wall 8 or
the mantle tube ll, respectively. For this purpose, several
clamping pieces 30 are screwed into the perforated plate 29 which
~i pieces 30 are distributed over the circumference of the
perforated plate and grip over a flange 31 of the lower front end
of the mantle tube ll. The catch ring 28 is completely cut
through by a radial slot 32 and both ring ends located one
adjacent the other are clamped together by means of a tightening
lU screw 33 (Figure 1). By ad~usting this tightness screw 33 it is
possible to adjust in the desired manner the frictional force,
with the catch ring 28 contacts the wall 34 of the piston. For
the purpos~ of facilitating the actuation of the tightening screw
33, this crew is provided with a handle 39 protruding laterally
from the mantle tube 11.
Along the outer circumference of the perforated plate
29, there are stationarily.arranged several stop carriers 35,
each of which carries two stop members 36, 37 spaced one from the
2U other, as seen in direction of movement of the perforated plate
29, one of said stop members 36 being located above the
perforated plate 29, whereas the other of said stop members 37 is
located below the perforated plate 29. The distance below each
palr of stop members 36, 37 is at least as great as the length of
2~ the stroke of the wall 8 of the compressing chamber 4 and is
preferably somewhat greater. These stop members 36, 37 define
the limits for the movement of the wall 8.
When operating the device, the cross-piece 7 is, with
3U wall 8 of the compressing chamber 4 completely lowered, swivelled
away from the supporting surface 15 and from the transition plate
18, into the inactive position shown in Figure 4 in dashed lines.
Subsequently, the bones 14 to be pressed and having meat adhering
thereon can be moved in direction of the arrow 17 (Figure 4) from
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the supportlng surface 15 and via the transition plate 18 (Figure
4) into the thus exposed upper opening of the compressing chamber
4, without this operation being hindered by the cross-piece 7.
As soon as the compressing chamber 4 has been sufficiently
filled, the cross-piece 7 is swive~led back on the axis 22 to the
active position shown in full lines in Figure 4. After locking
this position by means of the handle 27, the hydraulic control is
actuated, such that the pressing piston 3 is raised in the
cylinder 2. Due to the catch ring 28 being frictionary connected
with the press piston, the perforated plate 29, the wall 8 of the
compressing chamber and the mantle tube 11 are also pulled in the
lU upward direction until the upper front end 6 of the wall 8 of the
compressing chamber sealingly engages the cross-piece 7. For
centering purposes, this cross~piece 7 comprises a unitary
protrusion 38 constituting the thrust surface 43 during the
pressing operation and having a conical mantle surface 42 which
enters the upper end of the compressing chamber 4 in lifting
same. As soon as the upper front end 6 of the wall 8 of the
compressing chamber sealingly engages the cross~piece 7, the
compressing chamber 4 is sealingly closed on top and ~urther
2U upward movement of the wall 8 of the compressing chamber cannot
take place, this being prevented by the cross-piece 7 being
secured on the columns 23, 24 against movement in an upward
direction. When further moving the press piston 3 in the up~ard
direction, the catch ring 28 is thus arrested and pressing the
openings 9 into the annular space 10 and leaves this space via
2~ the outlets 12. As soon as the bones 14 have sufficiently been
compressed, the hydraulic cylinder 2 is controlled so that the
press piston 3 is moved downwardly. On beginning this downward
movement, the pressing piston 3 pulls the wall 8 of the
compressing chamber together with the perforated plate 29 and the
3U mantle tube 11 along with it in downward direction and under the
action of the catch ring 28, until the perforated plate 29 hits
the lower stop member 37. The press piston 3 is subsequently
further slightly retracted, during which movement the wall 8
remains still. Subsequently, the cross-piece 7 can, after having
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released the lock, agaln be swivelled -to one side into the
inactive position shown in dashed lines in Figure 4. Af-ter
having finished this opera-tiny step, the press piston 3 is again
raised by correspondingly controlling the cylinder 2, noting that
the press piston pulls, at the start of this lifting movement,
the wall 8 in upward direction until the perforated plate 29 hits
the upper stop member 36. As soon as this is the case, the press
piston 3 is upwardly mounted relatlve to the wall 8 and moves the
residual mass formed o~ compressed bones 14 out through the upper
front end 6 of the compressing chamber 4 ln upward direction.
Then this mass is removed via the chute 20. the press piston 3
Lu is then again retracted and pulled with it the wall 8 into th~
lower starting position. As soon as the press piston 3 has
arrived at its lowermost pos~tion, the working cycle is completed
and the compressing chamber 4 can again be filled with bones to
be pressed.
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