Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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VEHICLE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a vehicle which is particularly but not
exclusively designed for use as an agricultural vehicle for transporting various loads
across rough terrain in an agricultural process for example spraying liquid onto the
ground or spreading of granular materials onto the ground.
Various designs of vehicle have previously been provided for example
for use as field sprayers including three wheeled vehicles manufactured by Spray Coupe
which comprise a self-propelled vehicle carrying the liquid to be sprayed together with
a boom which defines the plurality of nozzles through which the liquid is sprayed.
Vehicles of this type have a design of the frame and support system which has a
number of disadvantages and cannot provide the suspension system nor the adjustability
required for modern agricultural techniques.
Other vehicles of this general type include large wheels with wide tires
which provide suspension basically through the flexibility of the tire itself. While these
vehicles can accommodate heavy loads and provide a satisfactory suspension, they of
course cause significant damage to the ground or to the crop in view of the widecompressing action of the large tires.
Many designs of a vehicle of this type have a raised frame for high
clearance and wheels mounted on vertical pivot coupling at the far corner of the frame.
These designs do not lend themselves to an effective suspension system or to a steering
system which will allow adjustment to the wheel spacing for row crop applications.
SUMMARY OF l'HE INVENTION
It is one object of the present invention therefore to provide a vehicle
having a frarne and wheel support system which enables the vehicle to carry out
agricultural processes while cooperating more effectively with the crops and terrain.
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It is a further object of the present invention to provide an improved
suspension system for a vehicle of this type.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a vehicle having
an improved steering system.
It is a yet further object of the prcsent invention to provide a vehicle
which mounts the engine, frame and suspension system in a manner which allows ready
access to the operating parts for service and repair.
According to the first aspect of the invention there is provided a vehicle
comprising a fMme, a pair of ground wheels each having a tire with a ground engaging
lo periphery for supporting the frame in movement across the ground in a direction along
an axis longitudinal of the frame, and a pair of suspension devices each for connecting
a respective one of the ground wheels for flexible movement relative to the frame to
accommodate variations in ground height, each suspension device comprising a rigid
axle member, means mounting the axle member on the frame for pivotal movement
about a suspension axis fixed relative to the frame and extending substantially parallel
to said longitudinal axis, means mounting the ground wheel on the axle member for
rotation about a wheel axis at right angles to the longi~udinal axis and fixed relative to
said axle member such that vertical movement of said ground wheel about said
suspension axis causes horizontal movement of said tire periphery at the ground in a
direction at right angles to said suspension axis, and spring means connected between
said frame and said axle member providing a spring resistance to upward movement of
said axle member relative to the frame about said suspension axis.
According to the second aspect of the invention there is provided a
vehicb comprising a frame having a front frame portion and a rear frarne portion, a
front pair of ground wheels mounted on the front frame portion and a rear pair of
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ground wheels mounted on the rear frame portion, suspension means mounting the
ground wheels on the frarne for supporting the frarne in movement across the ground in
a direction along an axis longitudinal of the frame, an engine mounted on the frame
providing motive power for driving at least one pair of the ground wheels, a load
receiving section provided on the frame, and steering means comprising pivot
connection means between the front frame portion and the rear frame portion and
defining a vertical pivot axis, the pivot axis being arranged closer to the front pair of
wheels than the rear pair of wheels.
According to the third aspect of the invention there is provided a vehicle
l o comprising a frame, a front pair of ground wheels mounted on the frame, a rear pair of
ground wheels mounted on the frame, suspension means mounting the ground wheels
on the frame for supporting the frame in movement across the ground in a direction
along an axis longitudinal of the frame, each of at least one pair of the ground wheels
having a hydraulic motor mounted thereon for providing direct drive to the respective
wheel, an engine having a main drive coupling at one end of the engine, a hydraulic
pump driven by the main drive coupling of the engine for providing pressurized
hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic motors, and means mounting the engine at one end of
the frame with the main drive coupling and the hydraulic pump on that end of the. engine which is adjacent said one end of the frame.
. 20 With the foregoing in view, and other advantages as will become
apparent to those skilled in the art to which this invention relates as this specification
proceeds, the invention is herein described by reference to the accompanying drawings
` forming a part hereof, which includes a description of the best mode known to the
application and of the preferred typical embodiment of the principles of the present
invention, in which:
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DESCRIPIION OF THE DRAWIN~S
Figure 1 is an isometric view of a field sprayer according to the
invention.
Figure 2 is a top plan view of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the sprayer of Figure 1.
Figure 4 is a top plan view of the frame, suspension and wheel
arrangement of the sprayer of Figure 1 with the cab tank and other parts removed.
Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view along the lines 5-5 of Figure 4.
Figure 6 is a side elevational view of a forward end of the sprayer with
much of the super structure of the spMyer shown only schematically.
Figure 7 is a rear elevational view of a centre portion of the boom and
boom control assembly.
Figure 8 is a top plan view of a portion of the boom showing a spray
shield arrangement omitted from Figure 1 for convenience of illustration.
Figure 9 is a cross sectional view along the lines 9-9 of Figure 8 through
one portion of the boom showing the spray shield arrangement.
In the drawings like characters of reference indicate corresponding parts
in the different figures.
DETAILED DESCRIPIION
The drawings illustrate and the following description relates to a sprayer
for spraying agricultural crops which is particularly adapted for modern spraying
conditions and is sufficiently adaptable to accommodate many different crop conditions
and re~uirements.
However many of the aspects of the sprayer are applicable to other
types of vehicle which are designed for agricultural use for example spreaders of
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particulate material which also include a boom assembly. While the description herein
is therefore particularly directed to the sprayer, it is not intended that the protection
provided by this patent should be so limited and other types of vehicle are contemplated
by the inventor in this matter.
The sprayer shown particularly in Figures 1, 2 and 3 comprises a
central frame supporting the vehicle including an elongate beam and a pair of axle
assemblies generally indicated at 10 and 11 which will be described in more detail
hereinafter. Upon the f rame and axle assembly is mounted an engine 13, a hydraulic
pump system 14, a cab 15, a platform 16 supporting a load in this case a tank 17 for
liquid to be sprayed and a boom generally indicated at 18.
Further details of the vehicle are visible in Figure 1 many of which are
not of major importance to the present invention for example a return hydraulic fluid
reservoir 19, an engine cover 20 and the various instrumentation in the cab indicated at
21.
Turning therefore firstly to the frame and axle assembly shown best in
Figures 4, 5 and 6, the main frame includes a front frame portion 22 and a rear frame
portion 23. The rear frame portion comprises a central single elongate beam 24 in the
form of square tube. The beam extends from the rear end 25 to a forward end 26 and
the beam is rigid and resistant to twisting. A support and stiffening element 27 is
connected underneath the back end 26.
The rear axle assembly 11 comprises an inverted channel llA with an
upper web 28 and depending sides 29 10 and 30. A hole is cut through the sides 29
and 30 at the web 28 at a centre section of the channel to a depth of approximately ha1f
the depth of the sides 29 and 30 and a cross channel 28A is welded in place in the
opening thus formed. The interior dimension of the cross channel is formed to
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accommodate the beam 24 which extends through the channel 28A thus formed in thechannel llA and is clamped to the cross channel 28A at portions 31 thereof whichproject outwardly from the sides 29 and 30 along the sides of the beam 24. The
portions 31 are clamped to 20 the beam by suitable bolt connections 32 which project
through holes in the beam which are located at spaced positions along the length of the
beam to accommodate different positions of the rear axle assembly 11 along the beam.
Depending upon the load applied to the frame, therefore, tl~e position of the rear axle
assembly can be chosen so that the balance of the weight applied to the different wheels
is optimized.
The sides 29 and 30 are substantially continuous along the length of the
channel except that outermost lower corners 33 are chamfered. A channel iron 34 is
welded across the open face of the channel to provide structural rigidity for the sides.
Upstanding reinforcing webs can be welded on the upper surface of the web to provide
structural strength transverse to the web adjacent its outermost ends.
The channels 1 lA and lOA arc therefore rigidly coupled to the beam and
form therewith a rigid frame structure longitudinal of the vehicle and transverse to the
vehicle. The front axle assembly 10 is substantially equivalent to the rear axle', assembly with the differences being described in detail hereinafter. The basic structure
remains common however and therefore the same reference numerals are used in
relation to the front axle assembly as shown in Figure 4.
Two axle members 3~ and 37 each supporting a respective ground wheel
38 are mounted on the channel for pivotal suspension movement relative thereto. Each
axle member comprises a horizontal portion 39 which extends from an innermost end
40 pivotally connected to the channel by a pin 41 extending through the horizontal por-
tion 39 and through the sides 29 and 30 of the channel. The pin 41 thus defines a pivot
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axis which is substantially immediately adjacent the centre axis of the vehicle defined at
and the beam 24 positioned beneath the beam 24. The axis of the pivot pin 41 is
parallel to the direction of movement to the vehicle and in a substantially horizontal
plane so that the horizontal portion 39 of the axle member is confined to pivot about
the pin 41 with the outer end thereof moving in a vertical plane. As shown in Figure
5, the horizontal portion 39 extends outwardly at right angles to the centre axis of the
vehicle and the horizontal portion is confined to move up and down in this vertical
plane at right angles to the vehicle axis. As the pin 41 must resist twisting of the axle
member 36 about a vertical axis and about an axis longitudinal to the axle member, the
pin is coupled to the sides 129 and 30 by a pair of large bearings 41A bolted on the
outer surfaces of the sides.
The horizontal portion 39 of the axle member is deftned by an outer
sleeve member 42 and an inner tubular member 43 which can slide in the sleeve
member as best shown in Figure 4 to increase and decrease the effective length of the
horizontal portion. Adjustment of the length of the horizontal portion is obtained by a
hydraulic cylinder 44 which is connected at one end to an outer surface of the sleeve
member 42 and at the opposed end to an outer surface of the tubular portion 43. The
length can be adjusted by initially driving the cylinder 44 outwardly to increase the
amount of the tubular portion 43 extending out of the channel 42 and then reversing the
action of the cylinder to draw the tubular portion 43 back into the channel up to
engagement of a pin 45 with the end surface of the channel 42. The pin 45 can belocated in a number of different holes 45A as shown. Thus in Figure 4 the front axle
assembly is shown in an extended position whereas the rear axle assembly is shown in a
retracted position and it will be appreciated that each of the axle members can be
extended individually to a required length depending upon circumstances. For example
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it is possible to extend the axle members on one side of the vehicle to a greater extent
than that of the other side of the vehicle when running on a side of the hill.
The outer end of the tubular portion 43 is welded to a vertical tubular
portion 46 which extends downwardly from the outer end to a hub 47 of the groundwheel 38. The extent of the vertical portion 46 is sufficient that the upper edge of the
wheel is approximately at the sarne height as the undaside of the horizontal portion
thus raising the clearance of the frame of the vehicle to a height well above ground
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level to accommodate passing over crops which are already well grown. In practice the
height of the clearance would be of the order of 48 to 96 inches depending upon the
crops with which the sprayer is intended to be used. The wheel size and length of the
member 46 can be altered accordingly.
Drive to the wheels 38 is provided by a hydraulic motor of conventional
type mounted within the hub 47 schematically indicated at 48. Drive can be provided
`' to all four wheels if required or to only two of the wheels depending upon known
design parameters.
In a suspension action of the axle member relative to the fixed channel
forrning part of the frame, the axle member moves upwardly and downwardly as
indicated by the arrow 49. Spring resistance to upward movement of the axle member
is provided by a single gas spring 50 mounted on top of the horizontal portion at the
outer end of the channel 42 and between the upper surface of the channel 42 and the
under surface of the web 28 of the channel of the frame. Reinforcing flanges of the
web 28 can be positioned at the gas spring 50 to accommodate the loads applied on the
web 28 by the gas spring.
The gas spring is of a conventional type readily available from Goodyear
or Firestone selected according to the loads to be accommodated. A gas spring of 6
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inch travel will give a suspension movement at the wheel of the order of 12 inches.
The single gas spring has of course no shock damping properties and acts
simply as a spring resistance to upward movement of the axle member. The single gas
spring has the advantage relative to a conventional flexible metal spring that it has a
substantially constant spring resistance over a relatively wide range rather than having
an increasing spring resistance as is obtained by a conventional metallic springarrangement. The design of the gas spring is not shown in detail as this is a
commercially available item as described above.
The pivot axis for the axle member is arranged as close as possible to the
centre axis of the vehicle. It will be appreciated from the geometry of Figure S that
vertical movement of the axle member along the line 49 will result in transverse', movement of the wheel and particularly the lower most edge of the wheel in contact
with the ground as indicated by the arrows 51. The positioning of the pivot axis of the
axle member as close as possible to the centre of the vehicle minimizes this amount of
movement. The height of the vertical portion 46 increases the amount of movement so
that in a practical arrangement in which the length of the horizontal portion issubstantially equal to the height of the pivot axis from the bottom of the wheel, the
amount of movement along the line 51 is equal to the movement 49. However the
J movement of the wheel and the flexing of the tire is used positively in this suspension
design to provide the sole shock damping arrangement thus avoiding necessity for any
other shock absorbing devices. The tire uses a conventional agricultural vehicle tire
, and the flexing of the tire and the movement of the tire relative to the ground can
readily accommodate the movement necessary along the line 51.
This suspension arrangement has a number of significant advantages for
agricultural vehicles.
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l. It surprisingly provides a significant improvement in stability so
that ~he vehicle can move over rough terrain at relatively high speeds of up to 15 miles
an hour with the suspension system accommodating and accepting vigorous movements
for example as provided by passage across a ditch.
2. The amount of roll of the vehicle from side to side is very limited
which is of particular importance bearing in mind the high centre gravity of the load.
3. There is no torque effect on acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle.
The torque effect occurs on acceleration on most suspension systems in that the
suspension rises or lowers significantly as the vehicle accelerates from rest. This is due
lo to a torquing of the suspension spring system which causes it to vary in length and thus
lift or lower the vehicle and its load. In the case of a sprayer this is highly undesirable
since if it occurs, the boom will drop vigorously toward the ground during startup or
acceleration which will significantly alter the spray pattern.
4. The system will accommodate adjustment of the length of the
axle member to vary the vehicle track width for on-the-go adjustment. Variation of the
track width is necessary to accommodate the various row widths of row crops and to
accommodate the tram-line farming system in which repeated passes over the ground
are carried out on the same wheel tracks to avoid damaging crops and to avoid the
necessity to plant seeds on the intended wheel tracks.
Turning now to particularly Figures 6 and 4, the steering system for the
vehicle is shown which is provided by an articulated steeAng system so that the front
and rear axle assemblies 10 and 11 can be substantially identical. The front axle
assembly 10 including the channel member lOA has mounted on the upper surface that
is the upper surface of the web 28 a plate 120 which includes a front portion extending
forwardly from the front surface of the channel lOA which is substantially equal to the
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width of the engine compartment. From a line across the front surface of the channel
lOA, the plate 120 tapers rearwardly from both sides toward an apex rearwardly of the
rear surface of the channel lOA. The apex terminates in a transverse edge 121 of the
plate which is substantially equal in width to that of the beam 24. A second plate læ is
attached across the underside of the channel lOA and projects only rearwardly from the
channel lOA and is shaped similarly to the rear part of the upper plate 120. The plates
therefore define between them a space for receiving the front end of the beam 24 and
the stiffening element 27. Both the beam 24 and the stiffening element 27 include a
vertical opening for receiving a pin 123 passing through the plates and through the
beam to define a single vertical axis at which the beam can pivot relative to the plates.
Suitable bearings for the pin 123 are provided so that the steering action can take place
without wear but the details of these are not shown. The pivot pin 123, therefore,
provides a pivot axis which is of the order of 18 inches rearwardly of a line joining the
rotation axis of the front pair of wheels. Thus the pivot axis is significantly closer to
the front axle than to the rear axle and provides an articulated steering system so that
the front axle and the front frame portion pivot about the steering axis relative to the
rear axle and the rear frame portion. The positioning of the steering axis adjacent the
front axle causes the vehicle to move in a steering action so that the front portion of the
frame pivots about the pivot axis rather than the conventional articulated steering
system in which both the front and rear portions tend to pivot equally about the pivot
axis. This steering action of the front portion of the frame causes the vehicle to
properly follow the required rows or tracks without a tendency of the steering system to
cause crabbing of the vehicle out of the required line of travel.
Actuation of the steering system is provided by an hydraulic
cylinder 55 coupled between a flange 55A mounted on the beam 24 and a suitable lug
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on the rear face of the axle assembly 10. Suitable hydraulic controls (not shown) are
available to achieve the necessary accuracy of steering action.
The frame including the front channel lOA, the plates 120 and
122, the rear beam 24 and the rear channel llA thus forms a substantially rigid
structure which can pivot solely about the vertical steering pivot pin 123. There is no
flexibility in the frame which allows any twisting of the frame either by twisting of the
beams or by speci~lcally provided universal couplings in the steering system. The
movement of the wheels relative to the frame is accommodated solely by the suspension
of the axle members. The front air springs are totally independent while a connection
is made across the rear air springs to accommodate roll. This provides a vehicle which
is highly stable with a very effective suspension action which can accommodate
movement over agricultural terrain. At the same time the boom and the load described
hereinafter are mounted on the stable rigid frame and thus are not exposed to twisting
actions of the frame.
The articulated steering system using the pivot point close to but just
rearward of the front axle allows the steering action to take place without the wheels
being brought closer into the frame. It will be appreciated from viewing the geometry
of Figure 4 that if the front part of the vehicle moves to the right to provide a steering
action, the right hand wheel on the front axle will move away from the frame rather
than closer to the frame defined by the rear part of the vehicle.
The positioning of the steering allocation was entirely separate from the
support of the wheels allows the previously described on-the-go adjustment of the
tracking of the vehicle since other techniques for adjustment of the tracking of the
vehicle require extensive adjustment of the steering couplings which are of course
altered as the track of the vehicle is altered. In this case the track of the vehicle is
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altered simply by sliding in and out the portion 43 relative to the sleeve 42 and this is
in no way related to the steering arrangement.
The forward portion of the frame in front of the front axle 10 is
defined by the forward portion of the upper plate 120 together with a pair of vertical
plates 124 and 125 which are welded to the front face of the channel 10A and the under
surface of the plate 120 and project in parallel spaced relationship forwardly there-from
at a spacing substantially equal to the width of the engine compartment. On the inner
surface of each of the plates 124, 125 is welded a horizontal flange 126, 127 which is
positioned at approximately half the height of the respective plate and extends from the
front of the plate to a position approximating the front of the plate 120. The flanges
126, 127 extend only partly across the engine compartment and provide mounting
flanges for the motor 13, the radiator 60, and the hydraulic pump system 14 previously
described.
The cab lS is effectively mounted upon the upper surface of the plate
120. The engine cover 20 extends downwardly from the front of the cab to a position
just above the hydraulic pump system 14.
Mounts for the engine and for the hydraulic pump 14 are not shown as
these will be apparent to one skilled in the art. The engine is a suitable internal
' combustion engine the power and type of which can be selected by one skilled in the
art. The engine does however a main drive coupling 57 at one end and accessory drive
shaft 58 at the other end for driving a fan S9. It will be noted that the engine is
mounted on the frame so that the main drive coupling 57 projects forwardly toward the
forward end of the frame. The fan S9 is therefore between the engine and the cab lS
and rearwardly of the fan is mounted a suitable cooling radiator indicated at 60. The
main drive coupling is connected directly to the hydraulic pump 14 the details of which
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' are again not shown as these will be apparent to one skilled in the art. The pump 14 is
, thus readily accessible at the front end of the vehicle as shown in Figure 1 so that the
, simple removal of a cover provides direct access to the hydraulic connections and to the
', servicing of the hydraulic pump which constitutes the most difficult and arduous part of
the servicing of the vehicle. The engine and pump are therefore readily available for
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full servicing both in view of the positioning of the engine in the reversed orientation as
shown. This orientation also allows the engine cover 20 to depend downwardly from
the front of the cab to a low front edge for attractive appearance and for improved
visibility.
The hydraulic supply system is indicated schematically at 61 including
the control unit 62. The details of the control arrangements by which the hydraulic
'~ drive to the ground wheels is provided will be apparent to one skilled in the art.
The above description of the vehicle including the frame, suspension,
~rive and power system can relate to various different types of vehicle. In thisparticular case the device is used as a sprayer and the detail,s of the spraying system
will be described as follows:
Referring therefore to Figures 2, 5 and 7, the spraying system comprises
the tank 17 and the boom 18. The tank 17 (Figure S) is mounted upon the platfonn 16
which includes a base frame defined by longitudinal frame members 63 and transverse
frame members 64. A sheet metal support 65 is provided for the tank 17 which defines
a partial cover for the platfonn together with upstanding curved sides 66 which confine
, a lower portion of the tank and define a flange 67 for straps 68.
~' The boom is supported upon a boom support stNcture comprising a
frame portion 69 which extends rearwardly from the platform 16 and terminates in a
vertical support plate 70. The platform 16 and the support stNcture 69 are suitably
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clamped to the main beam 24 defining the rear portion of the frame.
The vertical support plate 70 includes a pair of flanges 71 along the
vertical side edges thereof and a central recess portion 72 which receives a vertical
hydraulic ram 73. The ram operates upon a moveable plate 74 which runs on rollers
carried upon and guided by the plate and particularly the flanges 71. Thus the plate 74
can move up and down to variable heights from a lowered position adjacent the bottom
of the plate 70 to a raised position at the top of the plate 70. In order to achieve this
amount of adjustment, the ram may communicate with the plate 74 by way of a pulley
and chain system which achieves the required movement without the necessity of
lo movement of the ram by that distance. The movable plate 74 includes a pair of vertical
flanges which are parallel and extend at respective sides rearwardly of the plate. The
flanges have a pair of aligned holes through which projects a horizontal tubular support
75 which extends transversely across the top of the plate 74. The mounting of the
support 75 on the flanges allows slight pivotal movement about a horizontal axistransverse to the vehicle. Thus the tubular support 75 can be raised and lowered and
provides a support for the whole structure of the boom and allows a slight pivotal
movement to the boom in a forward and rearward direction about the axis of the
tubular member.
The boom includes a boom support frame 76 which is a cross beam 77
and a pair of vertical end supports 78. The cross beam 77 is connected to the tubular
member 75 by a pair of suspension links 79 which are pivoted at the upper end to the
tubular member 75 and at the lower end to the cross beam 77 thus allowing the beam to
move side to side and to tilt relative to the tubular member 75 as the vehicle tilts.
The vertical end supports 78 each comprise a support sleeve for a main
post passing through a respective one of the sleeves and providing a support for the
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boom structure indicated at 80. The main post carries at its upper end a collar 81
which rests upon a top of the cross beam 77 and can be rotated around the axis of the
- post. At a lower end of the post there is mounted a plate 82 which extends from the
post outwardly to a horizontal pivot coupling 83. The main boom is formed by a truss
structure including two parallel horizontal lower struts 84, 84A, an inclined upper strut
85 and a plurality of interconnecting tie bars 86, 86A. The inner ends of the horizontal
' main support struts 84, 84A is connected to the pivot coupling 83 to allow the boom
structure to be raised and lowered about the horizontal pivot 83. Actuation of this
. movement is achieved by a hydraulic cylinder 87 coupled between a clevis 88 on the
1 0 collar 81 and a clevis 89 connected to the inner end of the inclined strut 85.
Each boom portion 80 can be pivoted about the vertical tubular member
78 by the action of a hydraulic cylinder 90 upon a lever 91 coupled to the main support
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post. This movement causes each of the boom portions 80 to pivot around the mainsupport post to a position alongside the vehicle as shown in Figure 2. With the boom
in the raised position, this folding action causes the boom to engage over a support bar
92 carried on a post 93. The bar 92 extends across the full width of the vehicle and
extends outwardly from each side and is terminated by a vertical flange 94 which holds
the boom in position.
~i It will be noted that the boom tie parts include a pair of vertical
struts 95 and 96 which are spaced by a short distance sufficient to loop over the support
92 so that the upper inclined rail 85 loops over the support bar and rests in place on the
support bar. Thus in a folding action, the boom would be raised, folded into position
and then lowered slightly to latch the boom into place. The cylinders 90 are not: directly connected to the cross beam 77 at their inner end but are instead connected to a
linkage 97. The coupling between the linkage 97 and the respective one of the
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cylinders 90 is provided by a lever 97A (Figure 2) pivoted on a rear face of the cross
beam 77. This allows a forward to rearward floating action of the boom arms so that
these are self aligning with a reduced tendency to move forwardly and rearwardlyi independently carried by movement of the vehicle. A cable 91A connects between a
forward projection 91B of the lever 91 to reduce torque on the connection between the
boom and the support.
The supply hose for the liquid is indicated at 100 and includes a plurality
of nozzles lOOA of a conventional nature.
The boom can thus be lowered to a position in which the nozzles are
lo arranged at a height less than 24 inches and preferably of the order of 20 inches from
the ground for spray patterns to be used directly on the ground or on a crop just after
emergence. In addition the boom can be raised to a position in which the nozzle height
is of the order of 60 - 100 inches from the ground for use in crops which are well
grown.
A linkage 101 extends from a coupling on the side of the platform to a
stiffening plate 102 connecting the horizontal beam 77 to the vertical support tube 78.
The linkage 101 thus controls pivotal movement of the boom about the horizontal
tubular member 75. As the linkage is connected to the platform, the lower end of the
boom moves around a radius defined by the linkage so that the lower end of the boom
moves forwardly and rearwardly depending upon the height of the boom. In a
lowermost position of the boom for spraying on the ground or on just emerged crop,
the boom is moved forwardly so that the nozzles project at a forwardly inclined
direction. As the boom is raised, the boom tends to move rearwardly so that the
forward angle of the nozzles is reduced or eliminated.
The sprayer thus formed by the above described elements has the
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fol10wing advantages.
1. It is self propelled.
2. It can be manufactured cheaply and simply in view of the
economic design.
3. It can be used for many different spraying operations and in
various crop conditions in view of the wide adjustment of the boom height.
4. It uses narrow agricultural type tires which do not significantly
interfere with the crop.
5. The track can be adjusted to accommodate row crop widths or to
follow the tram line system.
6. The steering system allows the device to follow a required row.
7. The clearance of the unit is very high so that the vehicle can be
used with crops at all stages during growth.
Turning now to Figures 8 and 9, there is shown a shielding arrangement
for the boom which is provided to improve the ability of the sprayer to spray in windy
conditions and to reduce drift. The provision of shields or covers is well known and
various different designs available. The boom as previously described includes the
inclined beam 85 and the two lower beams 84 and 84A which are arranged parallel.The lower beams 84 and 84A are connected by occasional straps 130 which also act to
support the liquid supply tube 100 which is mounted directly between the lower beams
84 and 84A and just beneath the straps 130.
Each of the beams 84 and 84A carries a plurality of spring metal arms
131, 132. Each of the spring metal arms is formed of a flat strip of a suitable spring
metal with the upper end of the flat strip being attached to a sleeve 134 for pivotal
movement therewith. The sleeve 134 is carried on a clevis 135 defined by a pair of
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upstanding flanges and a cross pin 134A extending through the sleeve. This allows the
spring anns to pivot about an axis longitudinal of the respective beam. The lowered
position is shown in Figure 9 in which an underside of the arrn rests against the
respective beam. it will be appreciated also that the arms can be rotated in a clockwise
or anti-clockwise direction as required to a raised position. In such a raised position
the arms 131 extend substantially vertically upwardly and the arms 132 can be rotated
to the approximately 10 o'clock position inclined toward the inclined bearn 85.
Each of the beams includes a plurality of the spring arms along the
length spaced by a suitable distance to provide support for a fabric cover indicated at
- lO 136, 137. Each of the fabric covers comprises simply an elongate strip of fabric
, having a length either as an integral piece or as a number of separate pieces equal to the
' length of one of the boom arms and a width of the order of 12 to 18 inches. The fabric
strip is folded at its lower end and stitched to form a sleeve 138 within which is
received an elongate weighting rod 139 which is slightly flexible but of sufficient
stiffness to hold the front edge of the fabric strip in a substantially straight condition
between the spring arms 131, 132. The upper edge of the fabric is attached to the
- respective beam 84, 84A by a plurality of fasteners 140. The fasteners may be of the
type in which a latch mounted on the beam extends through a slot shaped opening in
the fabric edge and then can be rotated through 900 to hold the fabric edge in place on
the beam. The shield is therefore manufactured very simply and expensively from the
elongate fabric strip and the plurality of simple spring arms. The shield can be raised
when not required to a storage position above the beams 84, 84A or can simply beremoved by releasing the fasteners 140.
The area between the beams 84, 84A is left merely open so that air flow
can pass between the beams to accommodate induced air currents generated by the
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- 20 -
liquid sprayed by the nozzles. The geometry of the front and rear shields together with
the central open area also provides an effective passage of the air over the shielded
sprayer without generating significant turbulence.
Since various modifications can be made in my invention as hereinabove
described, and many apparently widely different embodiments of same made within the
spirit and scope of the claims without departing from such spirit and scope, it is
intended that all matter contained in the accompanying specification shall be interpreted
as illustrative only and not in a limiting sense.
