Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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~pparatlls for l~revcnt:Lng tlle Escape o~ ~ases dur:ing
the Cila.rging o~ Coal Cakes :into llori~.onta:L Coking
Chambers.
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1'he invention concerns an appara-tus for preventing
the escape of gases when charg:ing coal cakes, into
hori~ontal colcing chambers, said coal cakes produced
in a ramming mould o:E a ramming, charying and pusher
maehine outside -the coking chamber and standing on
-the travelling ramming bo-ttom of the ramminy mould,
in whieh ease the apparatus is desiyned as a tunne:L,
surroundi.ng the enterincJ eoal eake and whose front
encl, on the oven sicle, f:i.ts aga:inst tl-lc door framc of
the coking chainber.
DE 28 21 169 describes a sealing frame which
surrounds the oven opening and the entering
compressed eoal eake and whieh, from a posi-tion nex-t
to the ramming mould, can be placed in front of -the
head of the coal eake to be eharged by means of a
swinging boom. The swinging boom, on the o-ther hand,
is arranged on a carriage travelling parallel to the
oven axis so that it can be driven up to the oven
opening. This known frame does not bridge the
complete distance between the coking chamber and the
ramming mould. Ra-ther, sealing on the side of -the
ramming mould is aehieved by means of elas-tic sealing
elements arranged on the sealing frame and lying
direetly adjaeent -the entering eoal eakes.
I-t has been shown, in praetiee, -that these sealing
elements, lying directly adjacent the eoal eake, have
important disadvantages and lead to shut downs, in
the first place because of the relative mo-tion
between the coal cake and the sealing elements, and
also because of the high opera-ting temperature to
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which ~hey are subjected due -to their posi-tion
immediately be:~ore the openecl coking chamber ar-d
which lead to elTIbrittlement of the sea1ing elements.
Ano-ther disadvantage of the sealing elements which
fit by friction against the coal cake :Ls tha-t, when
the coal cake gets s-tuc]c ancl there:Eorc can vn1y be
charged partially, the re~iaining cake cannot be
~isposed of, i.e. cannot be returned to the ramming
installation. When moving the coal cake back,
against the direct:ion oE charging ~or which the
frict:ion seal is designed, the result is an
accumulat:ion of coal on the friction seal s:ince the
coal cake :Ls de:Eormed by getting s-tuck in the coking
chamber and does not form an exact square block
anymore.
From -the point o:E view of construction, this known
arrangement is very expensive. Over and above -tha-t,
the arrangement of the sealing frame, which is swung
back and retracted next to the ramming mould, leads
to important space problems since in this area, on
both sides oE the ramming mould, other elemen-ts are
also provided such as -the mobile front door of the
ramming mould, the charging stand s-top, the movable
lifting device for the coking chamber door as well as
the door frame cleaning device.
Therefore in DE 29 43 319, it was already addition-
ally suggested to arrange the sealing frame
immediately in front of the ramming mould door, in
which case a s-ta-tionary frame is attached before the
ramming mould while the actual sealing frame can be
swung forwards and downwards by means of a parallel
mechanism. Apart from the fact that also here
sealing occurs directly on the en-tering coal cake,
the passage for the operator, the distance between
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the anchor supports of -the coking chamber and the
ramming, chargi.ng and pusher machine, the so-called
RCP mach:ine, are g:reatly reduced by -the stationary
part of the arrangement. ~n order to prevent harrn to
the opera-ting personnel during the operation of the
RCP machine, a sufficiently wide passage, however,
has to be ensured and in addition has to be pro-tected
by a railinc~. On the o-ther hand, the total dlstance
between the coking chamber and the ramming mould,
:i.e. -the d:istance the coal cake has to travel wh:ile
free standing should be kep-t as small as possible.
An object o:E the present invention is to provide a
simple, practical arrangement to prevent the escape
of gases duriny -the charging oE coal cakes into
hor:izontal coking chambers, which avoids the above
disadvantages.
With an arrangement o:E the type mentioned above, this
problem can be solved by moving the side walls of the
tunnel into the side walls of the ramming mould which
on the oven side are designed as hollow walls,
forming the tunnel bottom Erom the travelling ramming
bottom and providing the tunnel cover with tele-
scoping design and guides for the sliding side walls,
in which case a levelling device which smoothens the
surface of -the coal cake, with a disposal device for
-the scraped off coal, is arranged on the stationary
part of the tunnel cover.
Suitably, grippers, e.g. spring loaded friction
contact members, are provided between the side walls
of the tunnel and -the telescoping tunnel cover to
move the -telescoping part in and out together with
the side walls of the tunnel, so that a separate
drive for the tunnel cover is unnecessary.
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'l'he side wa~LI.s oF the tunne:L can be coupled clireclly
with the travellincJ ramming bottom or -the ramming
bottom drive so that also here a separate drive is
not needed.
To the exten-t -that a ramming bottoln support is
present, which is moved ou-t be~ore the coal cake is
charged and which rests on a bracket in the oven
chamber, the side walls are advan-tageously moved out
when coupled with -the ramming bottorn support. This
arrangement has -the advantage tha-t the side walls o:E
the tunnel and w:ith tllese the tunnel cover are
already moved out and flt against the door frame of
the cokirlg chamber before -the coal cake itself is
charged. In this way the gases which already form
when -the coal cake gets close to the hot coking
chamber, are saEely disposed of, also helped by the
chimney ef~ect which is setting in.
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I'he disposal o~ the gases can be carried out in known
manner via a gas outlet, arranged in the cover of the
coking chamber, and a gas collecting pipe, installed
above the colce oven battery, as par-t of a gas
cleaning installation. If the drawn off gases are
burned in a gas combustion carrier travelling on -the
coke oven ba-ttery or by passing same into an adjacen-t
occupied coking chamber, the tunnel which surrounds
the entering coal cake has, apart from preventing
emission, the further advantage that air is not
sucked along in uncontrolled condition wi-th the gases
through the opened coking chamber, which can greatly
influence the ignition characteristics of the gases
and prevent an optimal combustion of the gases. By
sealing off the entering coal cake, -the quantity of
supplied combustion air can be adjusted specifically
in accordance with the actual requirement.
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In the case of the arrangement acco.rdiny to the
inventioll, no frlction seals which fi.t again.st the
enter:ing coal cake itself are requi.re~. ~rlle seali.ng
on the sides is obta:ined here by Inear-ls o:E scaling
s-trips arranged inside the side walls o:E the rammi.ng
rnould and which ~it agains-t the -tunnel side walls
The ~ownwar~ sealing is provid~ b~ ~he :ramm:ing
bo-t-tom. On the surface of -the cake, -the seal:iny is
obtained through -the coal bead formed by the coal
which is scraped off by the levell:ing device.
E'o:r sealiny against -the door frame of -the cok:ing
chamber, spring loaded cutting edges are` suitably
provided which can also consist of cutting edge
segmen-ts which, if necessary, can adapt -to the
unevenness of -the door Erame.
In a moving-in position, neither the space between
the coking chamber and the RCP machine nor -the space
beside the RCP machine is adversely affected in any
way by the arrangement according to the invention.
In the joined together position the telescoping
-tunnel cover projects over the passage for the
opera-tor, in front of -the ramming mould, however,
depending on the heigh-t of the cake, a-t a heigh-t of 4
- 6 m, so that there is no adverse effect here
either.
A static tube is provided on the tunnel cover to
control -the charging operation which, under the
influence of the pressure exerted by the accumula-ting
coal, s-tops the charging operation in the case of
blockage of the coal cake to be charged.
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AccordincJ Lo another embod:iment of the apparaLus
according to the :invention~ an add:iti.onal gas outlet
can be provided on the tunnel. 'I'his gas outle-t can
be connected with the stationary gas collecting pipe
installed above the cover of -t:he coke oven bat-ter~ or
can otherwise be connected wi-th a combus-tion chamber
arrarIged on the RCP mach:Lne and travelling with the
lat-ter.
'rhe invent:ion is il:Lustra-t:ed b~ means of the
embodiment illus-tra-ted in Figs. 1 to 15, in which:
Fig. 1: is a side view of a tunnel in moving-in
poslt:LOn;
Fig. 2: is a side view of a tunnel in moving out
position;
Fig. ~: which is on the same sheet as Fig. 1 is a
perspective view of a movable coupling of a
gas exhaus-t;
Fig. 4: is a fron-t view of a tunnel in moving-in
position;
Fig. 5: shows the connection oE the side walls of
the tunnel to the ramming bottom support in
moving-in position;
Fig. 6: shows the connection of the side walls of
the tunnel -to -the ramming bottom support in
moving-out position
Fig. 7: is a top view of a tunnel cover in
moving-out position wi-th levelling device
and formed coal bead;
Fig. 8: shows the mounting of a moving-ou-t tunnel
cover agains-t the door frame of the coking
chamber;
Fig. 9: is a front view showing the arrangemen-t
of -the side walls of the tunnel in the
compartments of the side walls of the
ramming mould;
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ig. 10: is a deLailed cross-section view -talcen
along line :[V-[V of E'ig. 9;:ig. lL: shows the mounting of the si(lc~ walls o~ the
tunnel against -the door Eram~ of a coking
ch~mber;iy. 12: shows the coupling of the side walls of the
tunnel with the ramming bottom when the
tunnel is pulled along by the ramming
bo-ttom;ig. 13: is a cleta:iled eross-sec-tion vlew taken
along line II:C~ of Fig. 12;lg. 14: is a cletailed cross-sect:Lon vlew taken
alonc~ llne :C-~ of Fly. 7; andicJ. 15: is a detailed cross-section vlew taken
along llne Il-II of Fi~. 8.
An arrangemen-t to prevent the escape oE gases duriny
the charglng of a coal cake 15, produced in a ramming
lnstallation 1 outside the eo]cing chamber 20 and
standing on the travelling ramming bottom 14 of the
ramming mould, eonsists of a tunnel 3 whieh bridges
the distanee between coking ehamber 20 and RCP
machine 1 and which completely surrounds the entering
coal cake 15.
To assist in the expelling of the gas exhaust from
colcing ehamber 20 itselE, the gases retained in
-tunnel 3 can be disposed of via a separate gas
exhaust S which can be coupled to the tunnel via a
closeable connection 25 and which, as in the example
shown in Figs. 1 and 2, can be coupled via connee-
tions 6 to a stationary gas eollecting pipe 7, the
so-called gas off-take main, installed above the coke
oven battery. Instead of stationary connee-tions 6
above every coking chamber 20, a travelling gas
conneetion 19 can, however, also be provided, as
shown in E'ig. 3. However, it might also be suitable
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not to vent the gases clrawn orr ~rom tunrlel 3
together w:Lth lhe gases drawn o.EE frorn thc coking
chamber 20 via tllc gas o:Efta]ce main 7, ~ut to ~:ispose
of -them in a separate combus~ion chamber provided on
the RCP machirle 1.
Tunnel 3 consists of the movable tunnel cover 9, side
walls 10 and rarnrning bottom 14 portions, which in the
moving-out state form a unlt, more specifically a
tunnel.
For the operation oE -the RCP machine 1, tunnel 3 has
to be moved back sufficiently Ear so -that a
sufficiently wide passage between the anchor supports
~G of the colce ovcn hattery and the ~CP machirlc 1. i8
provided ~or ~he safe-ty of -the operating personnel.
Mo.reover, in the case of the arranyement according to
the invention, the side walls 10 of the tunnel 3 can
be rnoved in-to the side walls 4 of the ramming mould
which in this area are constructed as hollow walls.
The -tunnel cover ~ is telescoping and, in the
moving-in situa-tion above the ramming mould door 21,
is a-t a height of about 4 to 6 m above the passage
provided for the operator 23. The movable ramming
mould door 21, the charging stand stop 22 as well as
the movable door li:Et off device and door Erame
cleaning device for the coke chamber door are not
adversely aEfected in any way (Fig. 4).
The side walls 10 of the tunnel 3, are coupled with
the ramming bot-tom support 12 and can thus jointly be
moved in and out wi-th the latter (Figs. 5, 6, 9 10).
In so far as no ramming bottom support 12 is
provided, the side walls 10 of the -tunnel 3 can also
be coupled, e. g. via driving rollers 13 (Figs. 12,
13), to the travelling ran-lming bottom 14.
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The telescopillg tunnel cover 9 is of U-shape
construction It consists of a narrow stationary
part 32 and a wldcr telescrop.ing par-t 31. The
resulting lateral slot on both side.s serves as a
guide for the movable side walls 10 of tunnel 3.
When moving out, the side walls 10 of tunnel 3 slide
out together wi-th -the -telescoping part 31 of tunnel
cover 9 by means of grippers 16 arranged in the slots
29. In -the embodi.rnent illustrated in Fig. 14, the
grippers 1~ are designed as spring loaded friction
elements. If the tunnel cover 9 fi-ts against -the
door frame 2, the side walls 10, overcoming the
frictional forces of the gr:ippers 16, move on up -to a
s-top 27 arranged at the front end of the tunnel cover
9 so as to ensure tha-t the tunnel cover 9 seals with
sufficient tension against door frame 2.
The side walls 10 of tunnel 3 are moved in the side
walls 4 of -the ramming mould by rneans of rails
mounted rollers and are guided by means of sliding
guides 30. The small slot between -the side walls 10
of tunnel 3 and the side walls 4 of the ramming mould
is sealed with adjustable strlps~ The sealing of the
tunnel 3 against the door frame 2 of the coking
chamber 20 as well as oE the side walls 10 against
the ramming bottom 14 is carried out by means of
spring loaded cu-tting edges 11 which are divided into
segmen-ts 1.7.
The surface of the entering coal cake 15 is
smoothened out by means of a levelling device 8
placed on the tunnel cover 9. The sealing on the -top
side of the cake is obtained by the coal bead 15
which is formed during the process. Excess, scraped
o:Ef coal is disposed of via a pipe 28.
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In the case of a coal cake 15, wh:ich is stuck and can
no more be charged, the charging operation is
:intcrrupted by Lhe pres~sure resulting rrorn the coal
whicll accumulates in the tunnel 3 and which acts on a
sta-tic tube 24.
To charge ca rammed coal cake 15, a side wall 4 of the
ramming mould mus-t be moved by a few millime-ters so
as to release the coal cake 15. The side wal:L 10 of
the tunnel 3, arranged in the movable side wall ~ o:E
the ramming mould, thus ends up in front of the slot
29 o.E the appropriately matched tunnel cover 9. On
tlle side of the sLde wall 4 of the rarnming mould,
mounted firmly on the RCP machine 1, -the upper part
of the correspondlng side wall 10 of the tunnel 3 is
engaged permanently by means of a guide nose 33 in
the slot 29 of the tunnel cover 9.
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LF.GEND
1 RCP mach:Lne
2 Door frame
3 Tunnel
4 Ramming mould walls
Gas ou-tlet
6 Gas connection
7 Gas collecting pipe
8 LevelLing device
9 Tunnel cover
Tunnel side walls
11 Sealing st:r.ips
12 Ramming bottom support
13 Driviny rollers
14 Ramminy bottom
Coal cake
16 Gripper
17 5eallng strip segments
18 Coal bead
19 Movable gas connection
Coking chamber
21 Ramming mould door
22 Charging stand stop
23 Passage for operator
24 Static tube
Gas outlet closure
26 Ancllor support
27 Stop on the tunnel cover
28 Pipe Eor scraped-off coal
29 Guide slot
Guide
31 Telescoping part of -the tunnel cover
32 Stationary par-t of -the tunnel cover
33 Guide nose
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