Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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`- FOR~:)RX SYSTEM
BACKG~)UND OF THE INVE`IT ION
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The invention relates to a fonmwork system for a timed slip form~ork or
producing building walLs made from concrete, having a girder structure,
which is provide~ with substantially verticalLy extending, inner and cuter,
associated girders, which are non-positively interconnected m fixed or
adjustable manner by means of a crossmember, with at least one climbing
bar fixed in the waLL in the vertical extension of the latter, with a
lifting mechanism vertically adjustable relative to the cl;mbing bar and
which allows the girder structure to slide over the crossmember and with a
wall formwork provided oetween the girder structure and the building wall
and which has several verticaL~y superi~pcsed formwork members, which can
be fixed against the building wall by means of a formwork tie means and
after the sl;~ding up of the girder structure the in each case bottcm form~
work member can be fitted as the new top forTIwork member.
Such a for~work system is known from EP O 350 525 Al. In ~aid known form-
work system for the production of concrete 'Guilding walls use is made of a
cl;mbing formwork with several vertically superi~posed for~,work panels,
which are anchored in the waLl by crosstie rcds, which are located in plas-
tic tubes, which remain in the concrete. Following the setting and hard-
ening of the concrete between the upper formwork panels, ~he lcwer formwork
panels or members æe released and fitted as the n_w, top formwork panels.
In order to enable such work to be carried out in the case of high build-
ings, use is made of a slIp or slide structure, which can slide upwards by
means of a climbing bar and a lifting mechanism. On either side of the
buil~ing wall the girder structure has in each case a girder member, which
are connected by means of a crossmember in the vicinity of the lifting
mechanism. The individual working platforms are fixed to the girder mem-
bers and in the direction of the building wall are provide~ transverse
stiffenerst which engage on the vertical supports of the formwork panels
and can sli~e upwards thereon.
A significant disadvantage of said known for~work system is the relatively
labour-intensive fitting of the plastic tubes for the crosstie rods. Both
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~he arrang~nen-t of said plastic tubes during -the introduction of the
reinforcing irons and the release of the crosstie rods on the lcwer fo~n-
work panels during the transfer of the latter takes a consi~erable amcunt
of time. In addition, it is subsequ~ltly necessa~y to close the plastic
tubes open at both sides and following the sealing of the openings said
tubes are still unesthetically visible, particularly in the case of a
srnooth concrete wall.
Another fonmwork systern is kncwn fron DE 19 43 365 A1, where use is made of
a ccrnbination of a climbing fornwork and a slip fonmwork, the girder struc-
ture being stabilized as a double support in the manner of a frictional
,oarallelogram. The aim of the latter for,~work system is to make clearly
visible on the concrete wall surface the individual formwork panels and for
this purpose use is made of tubular mcu1~ed members, which are e.g.
horizont~lly arranged along the joints of the for,~work panels, optionally
also in the vertical direction. An anchoring must 'oe provi~el at least in
the case of the girder members carrying the climb mg formwork.
9UMMARY OF THE INVENTION
On the basis of in particular the first-mentioned formwo~k system, the
object of the invention is to so improve such a system, that a facilitated
sliding or sli~,oing process can be achieve~ in the case o~ a slip fonmwork,
whilst respecting the necessæy safety requirements and whilst reducing the
amount of labour and material needed, p æticularly with respect to the
anchoring.
According to the invention this object is achieved in that the foLmwork
tie means has at least one crosstie rod for the transverse force action
either directly or indirectly via the girders, of one or more upper foDm-
work panels above the fonmwork upper edye of the tcp formwo~k me~bers.
An important idea of the invention is to move awa~ from crosstie rcds
j and their plastic sleeves pass mg thrcugh the concrete wall and instead to
use a formwork tie for each girder structure, which is located abcve the
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formwork upper edge of the upper formworX member and ~hich permits a
bracing together of the girder struc-ture for receiving and compensating
the concrete ~ressure. It is also considered aFprcpriate on the concreting
side of the fonmwork memoers to nave relatively small retaining ties, e.g~
in the form of retaining cones made from hard rubber and which are fixed
with the ai~ of a screwO These retaining cones, whereof there are app-ro-
priately two per formwork member in the lcwer part, can have an approx~nate
depth of 1.5 cm and constitute a dowellmg of the formwork ~ember with the
concrete wall.
The aforementioned constructional measures lead to cons;~erable labo~r
savings and also improve the concrete surface from the esthetic standpoint,
because it is only necessary to have a much smaller number of retaining
cones and correspondingly small depressions. In addition, the optically
perceptible concrete ccnvexities or bulges due to local elastic deforma-
tions of the formwork, such as are possible with crosstie rcds, are avoided.
In order to be able to reliably transfer relatively high transverse forces,
the girder structure is equipped on each side with the girder member, which
w;ll subsequently be referred to as the inner girder member. The latter,
which is appropriately a square steel pipe, is non-positively connected to
the formwork tie means via the crossmember.
In order to be able to introduce in an opti~um manner the bracing trans-
verse forces from the girder structure to the upper foLn,work panels, in
the horizontal direction adjacent to the inner girder member and on either
side is prGvided an outer girder member, which is in the form of a unit by
means of transverse struttings. O-n a transverse struttmg and roughly at
half the height of said outer girler member are provided one or more cross-
tie rods, which have their counterabutment on the outside of the facing
outer girder member. On b~acing the outer girder member by means of the
ties, the transverse forces are consequently transferred to the upper form-
` wor~ members, which equals out the concrete pressure in the top formwork
panel in a very prècise and reliable manner. As a result of bracing said
transverse forces are transferred via the tie or ties substantially directly
to horizontal cross-supports, which rest non-positively on the vertical
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~upports of the for,~wor~ panels.
The hitherto conventional crosstie rods for each fo~nwork panel are conse-
quently replaced by a single formwork tie means, which only has one to two
crosstie rods per girder structure. Thus, it is possible to very reliably
adjust the transverse forces. There is ~dditionally an a~justing means
between the outer giLder members and the inner girder, which allows a local
fine adjustment of the transverse ~orces acting on the upper fo~mwork
members.
Thus, follcwing the solidification of the lean concrete between the upper
formwork members, the transverse tension applied by the ties is removed
and the complete girler structure can slide u-pwards. The lower formwork
members then become the new top formwork member and again the crosstie rods
of the girder structure are located above the upper edge of the formwork.
The crosstie rods are then again pretensioned against the vertical supports
of the top formwork members. In the meantime the retaining cones of the
underlying formwork members e~sure a reliable, although slight anchoring
on the concrete builling wall.
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The bottom end of the girder structure is advantageously in the upper
region of the already solidified concrete wall, so that on introducing
concrete between the top formwork members the necessary transverse forces
can be adjusted in an optimum manner by a rcughly central deflection of the
auter ginder members approximately in a range of 1.5 om.
The crosstie member of the girder structure is appropriately a rcund iron
or steel, which has on either side an exte~nal thread for screwing nuts.
The crosstie members can, in another preferred embcdiment, be constructed
as hydraulic presses non-positively engaging on the girder members and
which in controlled manner introduce the necessary forces into the girder
structure via the round iron or steel members linking the girder me~bers.
In order to reduce weight, the outer girder members are constructed as
channels with a U-cpen mg remote frcm the inner gir~er member. Only in
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the vicinit~ of the crosstie rods is a plate-like reinforcing iron
appropriately fitted in the U-snape.
For uniform force in-troduction the outer girder members are rGughly cent-
rally interconnected by means of a tie cross-iron. The actual ties are
consequently plac3d on said cross-iron, t'ne spacing between the ties being
so maintained that the inner girder member and -the climbing rod cames to
rest with clearance between them.
Appropriately for each formwork member there are several vertical supports
which are constructed as s~lare pipes. The vertically superlmposed square
supports are appropriately positively interconnected and for this purpose
transverse wedging can be provided~
The support of the outer girder members used solely for transverse anch-
ormg purposes takes place at the top with a cross 'oearing with respect to
the crossmember and at the bottcm with a means against the lawer ring sup-
port constructed as a transverse support, e.g. as a squ æe steel pipe. A
vertical bearing surface for the outer girder members is created at the top
with respect to the inner girder.
A rigidly interconnected outer girder member pair is consequently freely
adjustable by means of the crosstie members in the transverse direction
and there is a pivoting area at the tGp in the vicinity of the crossme~ber
and the upper end of the inner girder member.
The inventive formwork system can not only be used in the case of substan-
tially linear building walls, but also for raunded, circular or polygonal
buildings.
BRIEF DESCRTPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention is described in greater detail hereinafter relative to a non-
limitative embcdiment and the attached drawings, wherein shaw:
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Fig. 1 A vertical section through a partly producel cuilling wall
with a two-sided climbing fon~or~ and a girder structure at
the tGp.
Fig. 2 A scme~hat larger-scale representation of the girder structure
accorling to fig. 1 with further details.
Fig. 3 A plan vie~ fran the sl~e of the ginder structure of a girder
without foLmwork mernbers~
DESCRIPTION OF A P~EFERRED EMEODIMENT
In fig. 1 at the upper end of a concrete building wall 6 is shown a girder
structure 1, which is part of a formwork system, which also has a timed
slip formwork 2 or climbing formwork.
In fig. 1 the climbing for,nwork 2 cc~prises three superimposed formwork
members 4, which are fixed tcgether cy means of vertical supports ~, which
are e.g. square pipes, which interengage m positive manner and are wedged
against one another in the transition region by means of a cross-wedge 17.
On the wall side each fonmwork member 4 is provided in the lower region
with a retaining ccne 15, which is e.g. m~de fIom hard rubber and can be
hemispherical or truncate~ cone-snaped.
Between the tcp formwork mernbers 5 as yet no concrete has been introduced
in fig. 1. In order to be able to provide working pla ffoDms and make them
jointly raisable and apply transverse forces to the fonmworX menbers and
also deternine the f~xing thereof with respect to the building wall from
the safety standpoint, the girder stIucture 1 is provided.
The girder structure 1 essentially ccmprises an upper crossmember 21, which
`is e.g. formed ~rom two U-supports, which receive in their gap a lifting
mechanism 8. The conventionally hydraulically actuated liEting mechanism
consequently carries by means of the crossrnernber 21 the entire girder
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structure on the climb mg bar 11 projecting vertically upwards r~ughly on
the centre of the concrete waLL.
On referring to fig. 2, on either side of the building wall an inner girder
22 is non-positively and in particular rigidly connected by means of an
upper angle iron 35 to the crossmenber 21. l~is inner girler member 22
is normally a square plpe, in whose lcwer region facing the building wall
are welde~ cross struts 31, 32, 33, which are directed roughly horizontally
and rest on the outer face of the ver~tical support 5.
In the present enbodiment a further angle iron 47 is provided at the bottom
to ensure better stiffening between the inner girder member 22 and the
lower ring support 30.
Fig. 1 also shGws an upper working platform 51, the latter and a lower,not shown working platform normally baing carried by the inner girder
member.
In place of a plurality of crosstie rcds through the building wall for
fixing and hol~ing the formwork members 5 and for absorbing the concrete
pres Æ e on introducing the solid concrete, the girder structure is now
equipped with a foDmwork tie means. The latter is shcwn in plan view in
fig. 3, which is a side vie~, e.g. frcm the right of the girder structure
of fig. 1.
This formwork tie means essentially conprises two outer girder members 23
paraLlel to the inner girler member 22. At the top, sail girder members
23 are vertically mcunte~ on the inner girler member by means of an angle
iron 4S and supported at the mside by means of the further angle ircn 35.
In the present embodiment these two outer girder members 23 rigidly conn-
ected to form a unit have a lower transom 38, a central transcm 37 and a
tie transom 36 at half the height and which is constructed as a squ æe pipe.
As the entire girde~r structure 1 is constructed mirror s~nnetrically to
the centre axis of the climbing bar 11, reference will be made hereinafter
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to only one side of the girder struc-ture.
As can be seen in figs. 1 and 2, roughly centrally above the for,nwork upper
edge 57 are fitted two ties 40, e.g. from round steel and in the transverse
direction. These ties 40 pr~ject thrcugh the tie bores 54, 55 (fig. 3) and
are non positively exposed on the outside by means of nuts 41 to the
transverse action of the outer girler members. As the outer girder members
23 in the present exampLe are channels, in the vicinity of the ties
reinforcing irons 43 are welded in in plate-like manner.
These plate-like reinforcing ircns 43 extend between the legs 26 and 27 of
the channel. Belcw the transcm 36 is provided a further, central transcm
37, which is also in the form of a square pipe. In said transcm 37 engages
a stud 42 and at the bottcm engages against a stop plate 49, which is e.g.
welded to the outside of the inner girder member 22.
For slightly adjusting the inclmation over transcms 53 in tne upper
region are prcvided setscrews 52, which engage with the crossmember 21.
T~us, independently of the inner girder me~ber 22, the cuter girder pairs
23 forn formwork tie means on which fom es can act. For adjusting the
transverse fom es and for supporting o~ the lower vertical supports, the
outer girder members 23 æe pretensioned by means of ties and their ~uts
41 inwards in the direction of the building wall. Thus, the cross-supports
31 to 33 ccme into a pressing position against the vertical supports 5
of the tc~ and in the present case also next-lcwer formwork panel. Thus,
in this case it is possible both to readjust the transverse bracing and
~l~o obtain a further adjusbment between the outer ginder pair and the
inner girler menber by means of the stul ccnnection 42. Convention~lly
there can be a slight deflection of the cuter girder members of apprcx-
imately 1 to 2 cm in the central region.
Thus, the invention prcvides a fonmwork system, which greatly facilitates
the worXing sequence when raising a building wall made Ercm concrete and
which also meets the necessary sa~ety requirements, particularly with res-
pect to the fixing of the fonmwork members to the building.
