Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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Atty Docket 098
AUTOMATIC ICE BLOCK MACHINE
Backqround of the Invention
This invention relates to an ice machine which makes and
harvests blocks of ice automatically. E~isting machines for
making bloc~s of ice are unduly complex, not energy cost
effective and/or require the presence o~ personnel to operate
the machine. These factors lead to increased costs of
production of ice blocks. The ice machine of the present
invention overcomes the aforementioned disadvantages.
Summary of the Invention
The present invention is directed at an ice machine
which is energy cost effective and does not require the
attendance of an operator while making and harvesting blocks
of ice. The machine is totally automatic and can operate
twenty-four hours a day without the presence of an operator.
The machine of the present invention includes an ice blocX
forming ice chamber having a counter balanced hinged lid as
the bottom of the chamber. In opera~ion, the machine
automatically introduces a small amount of water into the ice
chamber sufficient to fill or substantially fill the bottom
lid. This small amount of water is frozen which causes the
formation of an ice seal between the bottom lid and the lower
edges of the ice chamber walls. The seal thus formed is
strong and leakproof~ Thereafter, the machine automatically
introduces the balance of the water in accordance with the
size of the block of ice desired. When the freezing cycle is
completed, the ice chamber walls and bottom lid are warmed
sufficiently -to break said ice seal and to release the ice
block from the chamber. The weight of the ice block is
adequate to cause the counter balanced lid to open and permit
the block to gravity drop OlltO an inclined plat~orm or the
like. The hinged counter balanced lid ret~rns t~ its closed
position to Eorm the bottom wall oE the ice chamber and the
operation automatically restarts to contlnue ice block
production. The machine can have a slngle ice chamber or a
plurality such as 5, 10 or more ice chambars.
Brief Description_of the Drawlnqs
Fig. 1 is an upper, left frontal perspective view of an
ice block machine in accordance with the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a top view of the ice machine of Fig. l;
Fig. 3 is an enlarged, cross-section, partial view of
the bottom part of the ice chamber of the machine of Fig. 1
with the hinged counterbalanced bottom lid in the closed
position;
Fig. 4 is an enlarged, front elevational, cross-section
of the ice chamber employed in the ice machine of Fig. 1 with
the counterbalanced bottom lid partly open;
Fig. 5 is a front elevational view of the ice machine oE
Fig. 1 showing the gravity release of an ice block ~rpm the
ice chamber; and
Fig. 6 is a schematic of the electrical control system.
Detailed De~ tion of the Invention
Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, there is shown a
perspective view of a machine 10 of the present invention for
making and harvesting blocks of ice automatically. Once the
machine is started, it is not necessary for an operator to be
present during the ice making cycle including harvesting of
the ice block. After the block of ice is harvested, the
machine automatically restarts to make another block o~ ice.
The machine comprises an angle iron framework 12 which
provides support for the operable components which include a
compressor 14, control panel 16, ice chamber 1~, water pump
~0~15~
20, re~rigerant lines 22, an ice block harvest chamber- 24,
water line 26 and hot gas line 28. In the speciflc
embodiment shown in Figures 1-6 and described herein, the
machine is designed Eor the production of ice blocks weighing
about nine pounds. As such, ~he machine has an ice chamber
18, best shown in Figures 3 and 4, with tapered side walls 30
and a counter balanced hinged bottom lid 32. The tapered
configuration facilitates release of -the ice block from the
ice chamber. The rectangular chamber has an internal
dimension (ID) of 4 by 6 inches at the top edge and ID of 4~
by 6% inches at the bottom edge. The chamber has a height of
12 inches. At the bottom edge of the side walls, there is a
flange 34, the function of which will be explained
hereinafter, which extends completely around the perimeter of
the four side walls. In the embodiment shown, the ~lange 34
extends out from the side wall 3/4 inch. This dimension can
vary from about ~ inch or less to 1 inch with satlsfactory
results. A flange 36 is provided at the top edge which
supports the ice chamber on frame member 12. Other support
means for the chamber can be used Guch as bolting it to the
frame. The bottom of the ice chamber is a counter balanced
hinged lid 32 which is provided with a weight 38 which is
~f~ slidably adjustable on rod member 40 and secured thereto
~ using a set scre-~ ~n~-~h~w~)_ The weight is made of mild
steel and has a diameter of 2 inches and length of 4 inches.
The hinged lid 32 is in the ~orm of a shallow tray which
mates with flanges 34 at the bottom o~ side walls 30. The
lid has an ID of about 6~ by 8~ inches with a lip 42 of about
3/16 inch along 3 sides and a lip 44 of about 3/4 inch a~ong
one side. To the lip member 44 of lid 32 and upright member
46 of flange 34 is attached strap or piano hinge 48 as by
recessed bolts or screws (not shown) or the like. In turn,
rod member 40 is attached to hinge ~8 by welding or other
means. The ice chamber side walls (including the bottom
~ gl ~ ~
flange 3~) are suitably made of stalnless steel of l2 gauge
and the bottom lid of 18 gau~e material. Lower and higher
gauge material can be used. Material other than stalnless
steel having good thermal conductivity can be used such as
aluminum and aluminum alloys such as aluminum/zinc to form
the ice chamber. The cooperative mating relationship of lid
32 and flange 34 of ~he bottom edge of side walls 30 is
important to the practice of the present invention. In the
operation of the machine, a small amount of water is
introduced into the ice chamber through water line 26 (3/8
inch) in an amount sufficient to fill or substantially fill
lid 32. This water is then frozen which results in an ice
seal between flange 34 and the lid 32 including turned up lip
42 and 44 thereof. This formation of the ice seal takes
about 5 minutes. The seal is continuous around the perimeter
of the bottom of the ice chamber and securely holds lid 32 in
place and is leak proof~ The balance of the water, somewhat
more than one gallon, is then metered into the ice chamber
and the freezing cycle continued until the ice block 54
(about 9 lbs.) is formed. An overflow outlet 50 is provided
in a side wall of the chamber to drain excess water durlng
the filling operation into a reservoir 52.
Refrigerant lines or coils 22 are arranged in serpentina
design and bonded, as by soldering or the like, to the
sidewalls 30 of the chamber. This refrigeration evaporator
circuit is provided with refrigerant by introduction thereof
at the position of the bottom edge of wall 30 and flange 34
from a four circuit expansion valve distributor or a ~our-cap
tube system 53 which in turn is connected to compressor 14
(l/3 HP Copel~eld). This refrigerant circuit design
facilitates formation of the ice seal between flange 34 and
bottom lid 32 and also causes freezing of the water from the
bottom to the top, thereby not top freezing which would cause
the ice chamber to be damaged from center freeze expansion.
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The l;nes are suitably 3/8 inch and made of refrigeraion soft
copper tubing. ~ refrigerant such as Freon 12 or 502 can be
used.
After the ice block is Eormed, the refrigeration cycle
is reversed to a hot gas defrost ~ode. The hot gas enters
the expansion valve distributor 53 through hot gas port 56
which has a check valve and defrosts the lce seal at the ice
chamber botto~ flange 34 and bottom lld 32. The hot gas a~so
defrosts the lce chamber side walls from the ice block to
free it to gravity drop, as shown in Fig. S, onto an inclined
ramp or sliding system 58 havlng guide rails 60. The slide
is sufficiently inclined so that the ice block 54 has
adequate momentum to move into the ice block harvest chamber
24 and then onto an automatic conveyor (not shown) or the
like for transport into an ice room for storage and bagging.
The defrost mode takes about 5 minutes. Total time, from
start to harvest, to produce the ice block is 3 hours. Once
the ice block clears the slide, hinged bottom lid 32
automatically returns to the closed position shown in Flg. 3
and the machine automatically restarts to produce the next
block of ice. The hot gas defrost system can be
supplemented, for example, by adding a heater element (not
shown) such as an electrical heating plate, resistance coils
or resistive ink to the outer bottom surface of hinged lid
32. 'rhe electrical heater element can be encapsulated or
coated with silicone resin.
As mentioned, the machine is adaptable for use with a
bank or series of ice chambers in place of just one ice
chamber as shown for illustration herein. As the number of
chambers is increased so as to produce a plurality of ice
blocks at one time, a correspondingly larger compressor will
be required. For example, if the number of ice chambers is
increased to 5, a compressor of about 1 HP should be used
instead of the 1~3~1P compressor described.
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A nin~ pound ice block is a popular size. The machine
is adaptable to n~alcing smaller or larger blocks of lce by
simply changing the size of the ice chamber. If the size of
the block is increased, it is advisable to increase the area
- 5 of flange 34 to form a larger ice seal which will accommodate
the added weight of the increased volume of water.
Similarly, the ice chamber can take the configuration of a
square, if it is desired to have square blocks instead of the
rectangular block shown herein.
In Fig. 6 is shown a schematic of the control system for
the ice machine of the present invention. In operation,
timer setting T-l and relay R-l activate solenoid valve 62 to
start the freezing cycle (Mode 1). Timer setting T-2A and
relay R-2 activate pump 20 which supplies a small amount of
water to lid 32 (Mode 2 first on time). Timer setting T-2B
delays the pump from supplying additional water to the ice
chamber until the ice seal is formed (Mode 2 off time).
Timer setting T-2C starts the second on time for the pump to
now supply water sufficient to fill the ice chamber up to the
water overflow outlet (Mode 2 second on time). This allows
over fill of water to pass out of the ice chamber outlet and
return to the water reservoir 52. Timer setting T-3 and
relay R-3 activate solenoid valve 64 to start the hot gas
defrost cycle to harvest the block of ice (Mode 3 on time).
When Mode 3 comes on, Mode 1 goes of~. If SW-l ls opened
during cycle, the machine shuts off at end of Mode 3. Timer
settings T-l, T-2A,B and C, and T-3 are Omron model no.
H3BA-8AC120 and relays R-l to R-4 are Omron model no.
; MK2EPNUARC120.
The ice block machine of the present invention makes
block ice totally automatic. It requires only occasional
maintenance to correct for normal wear of components. In
addition, it makes blocks of ice in one-~ourth the time and
uses one-fourth of the electric power that i8 required by
other ice block making systems.
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