Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
wo ?2/02605 2 0 8 7 9 8 3 Pcr/us9l/04731
~ LA~DRY PERFUME CARRIAOE AND DELIVERY SYST~
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~ Technical Field
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The present invention relates to the general field of
laundering. More specifically, this invention relates to
~, the delivery of perfume to fabrics which are washed or
treated.
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: : Backqround
The voluminous prior art relating to detergen~y in
general and perfume delivery in particular shows that
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numerous attempts have been made to design perfume carrier
systems which would allow delivering the perfume to the
fabrics; in these attempts, the main goal was to achieve
delivery of undiluted, undissipated and unaltered perfume
to the fabrics, so that the perfume would be released at
the end of or after the laundry process.
One meth~d for achieving this goal is puttirg ~he
perfume into a prcduct which goes directly into ~he dr~r.
This way, the perfume is delivered to the fabric i~ ~h~
dryer CyClQ. Such a methcd i5 taught in bo~h ~.S. ~a-el-
4,511,49~, Melville, issued April 16, 1985, and U.S. Pat~n'.
4,636,330, Melville, issued January 13, 1987. Both teach
forming perfume into partiGles with a carrier. These
particles are hen formulated into a composition which is
applied to te~-iles prior to putting into the dryer or
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prior to clothes-line drying.
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An even more desirable method for delivering perfume of
laundered fabric would be one which provides for protection
of the perfume through the washing process and hence
delivery of the perfume to fabric in essentially its
` original state.
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Such a method must allow for prevention of dilution,
degradation or loss of the perfume during the wash cycle of
the laundry process. This is done by utilizing a system
that releases the perfume in the drying process or later
after the perfume has been delivered to the fabric.
Preventing release of perfume durlng the washing process
involves very different and more complex technology.
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One method which has been developed to provide thesebenefits is perfume microencapsulation. Here the perfume
comprises a capsule core which is coated completely with a
mat_rial which may be polymeric. U.S. Patent 4,145,184,
Brain et al, issued March 20, 1979, and U.S. Patent
4,234,627, Schilling, issued November 18, 1980, teach using
a tough coating material which essentially prohibits the
diffusions out of the perfume. The perfume is delivered to
fabric via the microcapsules and is then released by
rupturo or t~e micr w apsules such as would occur with
manipulation of the fabric. A problem with this methcd is
that i~. takes a cer~ain amount of effort to break the
micrGcapsules.
Another method involves providing protection of perfume
; through the wash cycle and release of perfume in the
hea~-elevated conditions of the dryer. U.S. Patent
; 4,096,072, Brock et al, issued June 20, 1978, teaches a
method for delivering fabric conditioning agents to
textiles through the wash and dry cycle via particles
containing hydrogenated caster oil and a fatty quaternary
ammonium salt. Perfume may be incorporated into these
particles.
All the above systems function quite well as far as the
protection o~ the perfume is concerned; However, these
systems do not achieve very well the delivery of perfume to
fabrics because quite an amount of the microcapsules is
waisted or lost during the wash process, for instance
during the rinses.
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U.S. Patent 4,152,272, Young, issued May 1, 1979,
partially addresses this problem in disclosing a perfume
delivery system whereby delivery of perfume to the fabrics
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is said to be enhanced. This patent teaches incorporating
perfume into wax particles to protect the perfume through
storage in dry compositions and enhance the deposition of
the particles on the fabrics during the rinse by tho
concommitant use of a cationic surfactant. The perfume
then diffuses through the wax matrix of the particles on
the fabric in the heat-elevated conditions of the dryer.
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This system is however limited in that it is said 'co be
designed for use in a rinse mode only, i.e. it is not
-- suitable for use in a through the wash mode.
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- It is an obj2ct of th2 pres2nt inv~ntion .o provid2 a
perfume carriage and delivery system which is suitable for
use in a "through the wash" mode, be it in a detergent
;~ composition or a fabric treatment composition, or as a
lau.ndry additive. It is therefore an object of the present
invention to provide a perfume carriage and delivery system
which will protect the perfume before and during the wash,
and which better deposits on fabrics.
Another object of the invention is to proYide a system
which will gradually release the perfume over a long period
I of time, after deposition on the fabrics and after the
fabrics are dry.
Summary of the Invention
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It has now been found that the above objects are met
when a perfure carriage and dellvery system is used which
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comprises
(a) - from 20% to 80% of perfume;
(b) - from 5% to 50% of a hydrophobic solid having a
m21ting point of ~rom 30~C to 120C;
(c) - from 5% to 50% of C8_20 branched on linear
alcohol or esters thereof with C2_4 carboxylic acids.
td) - from 5% to 50% of an amphiphile polymer.
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The syst2m will protect the perfume and deliver it to
Labrics wnen i' is used in a wash liquor which comprises
clay.
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~etailed description
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The perfume
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~ Any perfume can be used according to the present
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invention; it can be relatively simple in its composition
or can contain complex mixtures of natural and synthetic
chemical compounds which are all chosen to provide any
desirPd odor. Ther fore, in its broadest expression, a
perfume suitable for use herein is any material which
exudes a pleasant or otherwise desirable odor when it is
appli d to fabrics. Some perfumes which are suitable for
use in detergents or fabric treatment compositions are
commercialIy available. Others are described for instance
in S. Arctander, Perfume Flavors and Chemicals, Vols. I and
II, Author, Montclair, N.J. and the Merck Index, 8th
Edltion, Merck ~ Co., Inc. Rahway N.J.
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According to the present invention, the perfume will
represent from 20% to 80% by weight of the total perfume
carriage and delivery system (hereinafter referred to as
the system). Preferably, the system contains from 40% to
60~ by weight of the system of perfume, preferably 50%.
The hydrophobic solid compound
The system according to the present invention also
comprises a nydrophobic solid compound which has a melting
point of from about 30C to about 120 C. ~he meltiny point
OI the hydrophobic compound influences the melting point or
the system, and the melting point of the hydrophobic solid
is to be adapted so that the system is solid at ambient
temperature but liquid or fluid at wash temperature.
Accordingly, the man skilled in the art will need to adapt
this parameter according to the climate and washing habits
in a given country.
By hydrophobic, it i5 meant that the compound is
insoluble in water but miscible with the perfume defined
hereinabove. miS way, the compound will "protect" the
perfume by retaining it in a hydrophobic environment.
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During the wash, the system will be in a fluid state,
due to the warm temperature of the wash water. The system
will then form an emulsion in the wash water and deposit on
the fabrics, as explained hereinafter. When the rinse
occurs, the hydrophobic compound, which still retains the
perfume, will "freeze on the fabrics" because of the cold
water which is used for rinsing; this way, a very thin
layer of the system will be entangled in the fibres of the
fabrics, which will not be removed by subsequent rinses.
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Herea-fter, the perfume will be slowly released from the
fabrics by simple diffusion through the hydrophobic
compo~nd; this difrusion will be more or less rapid
depending on the proportion of hydrophobic solid to
perfume. T~e syst2m can also be designed so as to release
perfume from the fabrics even long after they have been
washed or t eated.
~`~ The ~mG~nt of -the hydrophobic solid can ~hersfore be
adapted ~y the man skillod in the art, keeping in mind that
the higher -~e ar,ount or hydrophobic solid in the system,
~ the more the per ume is protected, but the less the system
- disperses in the wash liGuor. When a high proportion of
hydrophobic solid is used, a slow and durable release of
the perfume is obtained. The amount of this hydrophobic
solid compound in a system according to the present
invehtion is from about 5% to 50% by weight of the system.
Preferred amounts are from 10% to 30% by weight of the
system, preferably 15%.
Suitable compounds according to the above definition
; include waxy materials and fats. Such materials may be
from mineral vegetal, animal or synthetic origin. Example
include waxes from the petrochemical industry, polyethylene
waxes, bees wax, vegetal wax, triglycerides and the like.
Highly pr~ferred are mineral waxes from the petrochemical
industry.
with C2-C4 car~oxvlic acids
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The system according to the invention also comprises a
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C8-c20 alcohol, or an ester thereof with a C2-C4
carboxylic acid, or mixtures thereof.
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Prefe~red compounds are tallow alcohol or myristyl
- alcohol.
~ his compound is incorporated in the syst~n so as -to
allow it ~o ~etter dlsperse in the wash water. Indeed, it
has been obserYed that the incorporation or this compound
in appropriate amounts allows the system to form an
; emulsion in the wash water upon agitation.
The higher the amount of this compound in the system,
the better the dispersion of the syst~m in the wash water,
but ~ore perfume is released in the wash water. In
contrast, the lesser the amount of said compound in the
system, the poorer the dispersion of the system in the wash
water and less perfu~e is released in the wash water.
The above balance also depends on the amount of
hydrophobic material (defined hereinabove) which is
incorporatéd. Indeed, the hydrophobic material tends to
protect the perfume but also tends not to disperse very
well. It has been observed that the C8-C20 alcohol or
ester thereof with C2-C4 carboxylic acid or mixtures
thereof, are to be incorporated in amounts of from 5% to
~50% by weight of the total system, preferably from 5% to
25~ by weight, preferably 10~.
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The am~hiPhile ~olYmer
ith r~e _hroe ty~os Of ingredients defined
hereinabove, a syst2m is obtained which protects the
perfume and disperses in tAe wash water. A fourth
`~ essen~ial cc~oner.t is an amphiphile polymer which T~ill
~-~ promote che deposition OL- 'che dispersed system on the
fabrics during ~1e w2sh, provided that the system is used
~ in a wash liquor wnich contains clay.
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Suitable polymers for such a purpose are amphiphile
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`- polymers derived from such monomers as ethylene oxide,
terephtalate propylene oxide, acrylamide, acrylic acid and
other polymers.
Particularly preferred are polyethylene oxide/
polypropylene oxide block copolymers commercially available
under the trade name PLURONIC (R) from~B~SF.
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These polym2rs are incorporated herein in amounts from
~?: 5% to 50% by weight of the total system, preferably from
15% to 35% by weight, preferably 25%.
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Industrial a~lication
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e perfume carriage and dellvery system according to
the present invention can be made by mixing together the
required ingredients; It is preferred to mix the
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hydrophobic solid together with the C8-C20 alcohol ar
ester thereo, with a C2-C4 carboxylic acid, at a
temperature above the melting point of the hydrophobic
solid; ~he amphiphile polymer is then added, preferably at
such a~temper2t11rQ.
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Since mos. perrum2s are qui'ce heat sensitive, it is
prefe~_-d ~o a'lcw ~2 abova ~i~ture to cool down as much
~ as possi~le beEore ~he addition of the perfume.
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Once ~he~e steps are completed, the mixture can be left
~to completely cool down as such, so as to form a block; in
a preferred embodiment however, the mixture will b_
pellitized.
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The perfume carriage and delivery system according to
the present invention can be used in many different ways;
It can be used~as such as a laundry additive, for laundry
detergent or other fabric treatment compositions which
com2rise clay; Indeed, as mentioned hereinabove, the
presence of clay in the wash liquor is key to a satisfying
performance of the system according to the present
invention. Clays ars conventionally used in the field of
detergency, mainly for the purpose of providing softening
benefits to fabrics; such clays typically are hectorites or
montmorillonites and the like.
It can also be used in a granular detergent composition
or a fabric treatment composition comprising clay, i.e. not
as an additive anymore, but as an ingredient of a
~ composition.
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To allow more flexibility for the user, i.e. to allow
the user to use any detergent or rabric treatment
composition, including ~hose which do not comprise clay, it
is a preferred embodiment oE the invention to coagglomerate
the system with clay. This way, the system carries its
"own" clay, and does not re~lirs any other elay supply from
the detergent or rabric treatment compositions.
This agglomeration can '~9 mad3 by any agglomerating
techniqus, and ~ese ar~ w211 l~.o~,~ to ~ m n s!~illed in
the art.
In a highly prererred embcd ~lenc, che system according
to the presen~ invention will not only be agglomerated with
clay, but also wi~h a clay-flocculating pol~mer ~hich
enhance the performance of the system. Suitable clay
flocculating polymers are well known to the man skilled in
; the ait, and are described for instance in EP-A-0 299 575,
EP 0 313 146 and EP 0 328 182.
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The invention is illustrated by the following examples.
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EXAMPLES
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Exam~le 1
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A system according to the present invention is prepared
~ by mixing together
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500 g of perfume
150 g of wax ex-TOTAL, cire 40-60; melting point 60C
~:~ 100 g of Tallow alcohol
250 g of polyethylene oxide/polypropylene oxide
polymer (pluronic (R) PE 6800 from B~SF)
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The wax is heated to a temp~rature of about 70C, and
the tallow alcohol is added while stirring; the polymer is
then added, also while stirring. The mixture is then left
to cool to a temperature of about 50~C, and the perfume is
added. The mixture is then pellitized, and pellets of a
system according to che invention are obtained which
comprlse
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50~ pe~ a
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~ 10~ Talio~ alconol
;~ ` 25-s ~Ol~Q_
~ Example 2
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A'laundry additive comprising a system according to the
present invention is obtained by mixing,635 g of clay (High
CEC Ca Montmori~lonite) with 10 g of polyethylene oxide MW
300 000) (clay-flocculating polymer) in an EIRICH mixer.
200 g of the system of example 1 are then added under high
shear mixing, ard 155 ml of ~ater are subsequently added.
A coagglomerate is then obtained comprising a system
according to example 1.
Exam~le 3
A granular detergent composition is made which
comprlses
Inqredient Composition
(~ by '~eight)
C11_12 alkyl ~enzene sulfonate (Na) 6.5
Tallow alcohol sulfate (Na) 1.0
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Inqredient Com~osition
(% by weight)
Tallow alcohol ethoxylate (EOll) O.8
Hydrogenated Tallow fatty acid 1.0
Dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride 1.5
Distearyl methyl amine 3.0
Dodecyl dimethyl ~onium N-Oxide 0.4
Zeolite 20.0
Polyethylene oxide (~=S~M) 0.05
Sodium nitrilotiace~ate 5.0
Sodium sul~ate 12.7
Scdium silicate 2.0
Sodium perborate (4aq.) 18.0
Carboxymethylcellulose 0.4
Poly~crylate (mw 4000-5000) 3.0
Enzymes (protease, amylase, cellulase) 0.3
Optical brightener ~ 0.25
Sulphonated zinc phthalocyanine25ppm
EDTA 0.2
Ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic
acid 0.1
Tetraacetyl ethylenediamine 1.5
Silicone/silica suds suppressor0.2
Montmorillonite clay 10.0
System of example 1 0.50
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