Note : Les descriptions sont présentées dans la langue officielle dans laquelle elles ont été soumises.
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DESCRIPTION
NUTRIENT COMPOSITION
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a nutrient
composition, and more particularly to a nutrient composition
useful for feeding in the state of physical exhaustion or
fatigue due to exercise or the like, suppressing formation of
radicals due to promotion of respiration under exercise, and
feeding vitamins.
BACKGROUND ART
Today, in order to avoid adult diseases, and wishing
healthy life, there are increasing occasions of enjoying
sports such as golf, fitness exercises, athletics, and tennis,
but foods sufficiently considering the health during and after
exercise have been hardly developed yet.
That is, hitherto, as the beverages and foods for
nutritional supplement at the time of exercise or fatigue,
drinks for supplementing water, electrolytes and
carbohydrates, and total nutrients or beverages blending all
nutritional elements in good balance have been known and sold
on market, but they do not sufficiently cope with the physical
changes in special state such as physical exhaustion and
fatigue due to exercise, and it has been demanded to develop
alimentary foods capable of bringing about excellent feeding
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effects, sufficiently coping with such physical changes.
Man reserves carbohydrates in the liver and muscles as
glycogen, and the reserve amount is required, as heat, about
1000 to 2000 kcal/body, which is not enough for long-term
exercise or exercise in hunger. In such exercise, instead of
carbohydrates, mainly lipid is consumed as energy source, but
at this time when carbohydrates such as glucose are taken, the
lipid metabolism is blocked, and the carbohydrates reserved as
glycogen are consumed, thereby accelerating the drought of
glycogen. When glycogen is used up, exercise cannot be
maintained.
On the other hand, in tough energy-consuming sports
such as marathon and boxing, it is required to keep the
stamina for a long term and recover the lowered stamina
quickly, and keeping and recovering of stamina are correlated
with the amount of glycogen reserved in the body [Bergstram,
J. et al. Acta Physiol. Scand., 71, 140 (1967)].
In such exercise, it is desired to reserve sufficient
carbohydrates in a form of glycogen as far as possible, but
with the conventional nutrient drinks or foods, no matter how
much is taken, only the reserved glycogen as carbohydrates is
consumed quickly by priority, and enough feeding and stamina
recovery effects are not expected.
In addition, as the life becomes affluent, recently,
the people's interest about health is increasing, and the
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concern about obesity is particularly high. To fight obesity,
suppression of total calorie uptake, or so-called diet therapy
is known, but this method is not considered very favorable
nowadays, and it is considered preferable to lose weight by
increasing calorie consumption by moderate sports. For
example, aerobic exercises are very popular among young
people. By taking drinks with high contents of carbohydrates
during or after such sports, the once promoted carbohydrate
metabolism is suppressed, and finally the effect of losing
weight is hardly obtained.
Furthermore, when exercising outdoors, people are
often exposed to ultraviolet rays, and radicals are produced
in the body, or the respiration activity is promoted to form
high oxygen concentrations in some parts of the body, and this
high oxygen concentration produces active oxygen, and radicals
may be formed in the body. In such circumstances, unless the
radical chain reaction is stopped in the body, fatigue
substances are accumulated, which may lead to physical
exhaustion, lowering of performance, and further catabolism of
bodily protein, morbid state, or even carcinogenesis in worst
case.
It is hence a primary object of the invention to
present a novel nutrient composition particularly suited for
feeding during exercise.
It is other object of the invention to present a
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nutrient composition capable of suppressing consumption of
glycogen in the body, promoting metabolism of carbohydrates,
keeping stamina during exercise, and recovering from fatigue
quickly after exercise.
It is a further object of the invention to present a
riutrient composition capable of preventing formation of
radicals in the body to avoid falling in morbid state.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
The present inventor, after accumulating intensive
studies, discovered for the first time that the nutrient
composition containing insulin secretion promoting amino acid
and food material having antioxidation action as essential
ingredients conforms to the objects, and concluded the
invention.
That is, the invention relates to a nutrient
composition containing insulin secretion promoting amino acid
and food material having antioxidation action as essential
ingredients.
The invention specifically provides the composition in
beverage form containing 5 to 1000 mg/100 ml insulin secretion
promoting amino acid and 10 pg to 2000 mg/100 ml of food
material having antioxidation action, the composition further
containing 1 to 15 g/100 ml of carbohydrates and 0.1 to 30
mg/100 ml of carotenoids, the composition in tablet or powder
fcrm containing 5 to 1000 mg of insulin secretion promoting
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amino acid and 10 pg to 2000 mg of food material having
antioxidation action, the composition containing 50 to 1000
mg/100 ml of arginine, 1 to 15 g/100 ml of fructose, and 100
to 1500 mg/100 ml of citric acid, the composition containing
0.1 to 30 mg/100 ml of carotene, 50 to 1000 mg/100 ml of
arginine, 3 to 10 g/100 ml of fructose, 250 to 800 mg/100 ml
of citric acid, 0 to 1000 mg/100 ml of vitamin C, and 0 to 100
mg/100 ml of vitamin E, and the composition in effervescent
form.
In another aspect, the present invention provides use
of a beverage comprising 5 to 100 mg/100 ml of at least one
insulin secretion promoting amino acid selected from the group
consisting of arginine, lysine and leucine, and 10 g to 2000
mg/100 ml of at least one food material having antioxidation
action selected from the group consisting of carotenoid, a-
carotene, (3-carotene, y-carotene, lycopene, lutein,
canthaxanthin, glutathione and selenium for suppressing
radical formation.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a
nutrient composition in beverage form or tablet or powder form
comprising an insulin secretion promoting amino acid, a
carbohydrate and p-carotene.
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In another aspect, the present invention provides a
nutrient composition in beverage form for suppressing radical
formations in a subject, wherein the subject is in a state of
physical exhaustion or fatigue due to exercise, said
composition comprising 5 to 1000 mg of arginine as insulin
secretion promoting amino acid, 1 to 15 g of carbohydrate,
and 0.1 to 30 mg of (3-carotene, each per 100 ml beverage.
In another aspect, the present invention provides use
of a nutrient composition in beverage form for suppressing
radical formations in a subject, wherein the subject is in a
state of physical exhaustion or fatigue due to exercise, said
composition comprising 5 to 1000 mg of arginine as insulin
secretion promoting amino acid, 1 to 15 g of carbohydrate,
and 0.1 to 30 mg of (3-carotene, each per 100 ml beverage.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The food materials having antioxidation action used
in the nutrient composition of the invention include, for
example, carotenoids, vitamin E, vitamin C, glutathione, and
selenium. In the invention, hereinafter, they are
collectively called as antioxidant vitamins.
As the carotenoids, various materials hitherto known
in the food and pharmaceutical fields may be used, including
refined materials from natural substances (palm carotene,
dunaliella carotene, etc.) and synthetic materials. Moreover,
a-carotene, (3-carotene, y-carotene, lycopene, lutein,
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canthaxanthin, and others may be used either alone or in
mixture in a form of animal or vegetable powder or extract.
In particular, (3-carotene is preferred above all.
As vitamin E and vitamin C, various materials hitherto
known in the food and pharmaceutical fields may be used in the
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invention.
Such antioxidant vitamins can be blended in a proper
content, either alone or in mixture of two or more kinds, in
the composition of the invention depending on the form of the
composition of the invention. For example, when preparing the
composition of the invention in beverage form, the carotenoids
may be added in a range of 0 to 30 mg, or preferably 0.5 to 10
mg, per 100 ml of beverage. Vitamin C can be blended at 0 to
1000 mg/100 ml, preferably 50 to 700 mg/100 ml, and vitamin E
at 0 to 1000 mg/100 ml, preferably 1 to 100 mg/100 ml.
Selenium can be added at 0 to 100 g/100 ml, preferably 10 to
pg/100 ml, and glutathion by 1 to 500 mg/100 ml, preferably
to 300 mg/100 ml.
When added in the specified ranges, these antioxidant
15 vitamins are taken up and act to stop radical reaction. Above
all, the carotenoid is a precursor of vitamin A, and acts as
provitamin A, and also has a potent action to stop radical
chain reaction (radical scavenger action) because many
conjugate double bonds are present in the chemical structure
20 of carotenoid, and hence brings about the fatigue substance
accumulation preventive action and even carcinogenesis
preventive action.
Besides, since the carotenoid and vitamin E are oil-
soluble, the composition of the invention prepared by blending
25 them requires an oil (edible oil material) for dissolving the
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carotenoid and vitamin E and an emulsifier for emulsifying it.
Such oil and emulsifier are not particularly limited, and any
material hitherto used in the food and drink fields may be
applied. Practical examples of the emulsifier include
polyglycerin fatty acid esters, glycerin fatty acid esters,
propylene glycol fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters,
and soybean phospholipids.
In the composition of the invention, examples of
insulin secretion promoting amino acids to be used together
with the antioxidant vitamins include arginine, lysine,
leucine, and phenylalanine. These amino acids are usually
used in a free form, but not limited to this form, they may be
similarly used in metalic salt form such as sodium and
calcium, in inorganic or organic acid salt form such as
sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, and malic acid,
in N-acyl derivative form, or in peptide form by ester bonding
of two or more amino acids. Particularly preferred amino
acids are arginine and lysine.
These insulin secretion promoting amino acids may be
also blended appropriately in the composition of the invention
depending on the form of the composition of the invention.
For example, to prepare the composition of the invention in a
beverage form, they may be added in a range of 5 to 1000 mg,
preferably 50 to 1000 mg, in 100 ml of the beverage.
When blended in such range, these insulin secretion
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promoting amino acids promote glycogen synthesis from
carbohydrates, promote the lipid metabolism, suppress glycogen
consumption, and act to keep the stamina during exercise and
recover from fatigue early after exercise.
The nutrient composition of the invention contains the
antioxidant vitamin and insulin secretion promoting amino acid
as essential ingredients, and is prepared in the same manner
as the ordinary food and beverage, and other food materials
may be appropriately added. As particularly preferred food
materials, sweeteners such as organic acids and carbohydrates
may be used.
Organic acid components include citric acid, tartaric
acid, malic acid, and succinic acid, and citric acid is
particularly preferable. These organic acids are added
usually in a range of 100 to 1500 mg/100 ml, preferably 250 to
800 mg/100 ml, and the composition of the material in beverage
form can be prepared.
Examples of carbohydrates include monosaccharides such
as glucose and fructose, disaccharides such as maltose
sucrose, other ordinary sugars, sugar alcohols such as
xylitol, sorbitol, glycerin and erythritol, polysaccharides
such as dextrin and cyclodextrin, and oligosaccharides,such as
fructo-oligosaccharide, galacto-oligosaccharide and lacto-
sucrose.
Of the carbohydrates, as the components not adversely
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affecting the lipid metabolism, fructose and glycerin are
preferred. As oligosaccharide, addition of lacto-sucrose is
preferred. The beverage composition of the invention can
increase bifidobacteria in the body or lower the putrefaction
products depending on the blend of the lacto-sucrose, so that
the anticarcinogenic and immune system can be intensified
further. Other sweeteners include natural sweeteners
[thaumatin, stevia extract (rebaudioside A. etc.),
glycylrhizinic acid, etc.), and synthetic sweeteners
(saccharin, aspartame, etc.). These carbohydrates may be also
added as carbohydrate mixture such as isomerized sugar and
refined sugar.
The blending of the carbohydrates may be about 1 to 15
g in 100 ml of the beverage composition of the invention,
preferably about 3 to 12 g. The content of the
oligosaccharide is about 0.5 to 10 g, preferably 1 to 3 g.
The composition of the invention may also comprise,
aside from the above, various nutrients, vitamins, minerals
(electrolytes) including trace elements, perfumes including
synthetic perfumes and natural perfumes, coloring matter,
flavors (cheese, chocolate, etc.), pectic acid and its salts,
alginic acid and its salts, organic acids, thickener as
protective colloidal substance, pH regulator, stabilizer,
preservative, glycerins, alcohols, and sparkling component for
carbonated beverages. In addition, the composition of the
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invention may also contain natural juice or fruit to be
presented as fruit drink or vegetable drink. These may be
used either alone or in combination of two or more kinds. The
blending rate of these additives is not particularly limited,
and is generally selected in a range of about 0 to 20 parts by
weight to 100 part by weight of the composition of the
invention.
Vitamins include, whether water-soluble or fat-
soluble, thiamine, niacin, retinol palmitate, bisbentiamine,
riboflavin, pyridoxine hydrochloride, cyanocobalamin, sodium
ascorbate, cholecalciferol, nicotinic acid amide, calcium
pantothenate, folic acid, biotin, and choline ditartate, and
in particular, those belonging to vitamin B group contributing
to metabolism promotion are particularly preferable.
Trace elements of electrolytes (minerals) are ordinary
compounds, for example, sodium hydrochloride, sodium acetate,
magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride,
dipotassium phosphate, monosodium phosphate, calcium
glycerophosphate, sodium succinic citric acid iron, manganese
sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, sodium iodide,
potassium sorbate, zinc, manganese, copper, iodine, and
cobalt. The blending rate of these compounds may be properly
determined as required.
The composition of the invention is prepared by
blending these components, and the method of preparation is
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not particularly limited, and all components may be blended
simultaneously, but more preferably carotenoid and/or vitamin
E as antioxidant vitamin is preliminarily dissolved in oil,
and an aqueous solution of insulin secretion promoting amino
acid and other additives is emulsified by using an emulsifier,
so that the composition of the invention may be prepared.
More preferably, carotenoid and/or vitamin E oil solution or
crystal is added to water and a proper emulsifier to emulsify,
and an aqueous solution of insulin secretion promoting amino
acid and other components is added and blended to the obtained
emulsion. The blending operation of the components may be
executed under ordinary temperature, or preferably executed by
slight heating operation.
The emulsification can be executed by using a proper
emulsifying machine, for example, homo-mixer or high pressure
homogenizer, either by complete passing system or by
circulation system. The emulsion after emulsification is
filtered by conventional process, and poured into proper
containers and sterilized, so that a desired beverage product
is obtained. Sterilization may be effected by heating,
aseptic filtering, etc.
To prepare the composition of the invention as,
carbonated beverage, carbon dioxide may be injected into the
emulsifier by conventional process. Such beverage is
preferred to be prepared in the osmotic pressure range of
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about 260 to 600 mOsm/kg.
The composition of the invention may be also prepared
in an effervescent form. The effervescent form should
contain, aside from the antioxidant vitamin and insulin
secretion promoting amino acid as essential ingredients of the
nutrient composition of the invention, proper amounts of
sodium carbonate and/or sodium hydrogen carbonate and
neutralizing agent as foaming components. The neutralizing
agent used herein is an acidic compound capable of generating
carbon dioxide by neutralizing sodium carbonate or sodium
hydrogen carbonate. Such compound includes, for example, L-
tartaric acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, ascorbic acid and
other organic acid. Above all, ascorbic acid possesses both
the action of neutralizing agent and the action of
antioxidant.
The effervescent form of the invention may comprise,
aside from those specified above, other various additives,
such as vehicle, binder, disintegrating agent, lubricant,
thickener, surfactant, osmotic pressure regulator,
electrolyte, sweetener, perfume, pigment, pH regulator and
others appropriately as required. Specifically, the additives
include starches such as wheat starch, potato starch, Gorn
starch, and dextrin, sugars such as sucrose, glucose,
fructose, maltose, xylose, and lactose, sugar alcohols such as
25, sorbitol, mannitol, maltitol, and xylitol, isotransposable
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glycosides such as coupling sugar and paratinose, vehicles
such as calcium phosphate and calcium sulfate, binders and
thickeners such as starch, sugar, gelatin, gum arabic,
dextrin, methyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl
alcohol, hydroxy propyl cellulose, xanthan gum, pectin,
tragacanth gum, casein, and alginic acid, lubricants such as
leucine, isoleucine, valine, sugar-ester, hardening oil,
stearic acid, magnesium stearate, talc, and macrogol,
disintegrating agents such as avicel, CMC, CMC-Na and CMC-Ca,
surfactants such as polysorbate and lecithin, and sweeteners
such as sugars, sugar alcohols, aspartame, alitame, other
dipeptides, stevia, and saccharin, and they may be used in
proper amounts selectively in consideration of the relation
with the essential components, property of the composition,
manufacturing method, etc. Besides, various vitamins may be
added to the effervescent form.
The manufacturing method in the invention is basically
same as in the manufacturing method of the usual effervescent
preparations such as effervescent tablets. That is,
components are weighed, mixed, and prepared directly by the
powder compression method, dry or wet granular compression
method, etc.
Thus obtained form of the invention (effervescent
tablet) is put in water to become a beverage form suitable for
oral administration, and is administered orally.
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The dose is properly determined depending on the age,
sex, body weight, degree of disease and other condition of
each person, and is not particularly limited, but generally
one or two tablets prepared to contain about 1.5 to 6.0 g each
may be dissolved in 100 to 300 ml of water to be taken orally.
The preparation of the invention is not limited to the
effervescent form, but may be prepared in various forms as far
as conforming to the specified composition, in a proper form
to be taken by dissolving and dispersing in water, such as
granules, powder and capsules.
As the form of food, it may be prepared in a variety,
including caramel, drop, chocolate, jelly, candy, biscuit, and
cookie. To prepare in these forms, according to the
conventional method, necessary additives together with
essential ingredients are shaped into a proper form by using
or without using proper carrier. As the carrier, for example,
flour, rice powder, starch, corn starch, soybean, etc. can be
used.
The beverage or food of the invention in various forms
prepared as described herein is properly sterilized according
to the conventional method, and is presented as a product.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
The nutrient composition of the invention is taken at
the time of physical exhaustion or fatigue during or after
exercise or on other occasions, and brings about effects of
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nutritional supply, recovery from fatigue and recovery of
stamina. In particular, the nutrient drink or food of the
invention possesses stamina keeping action during exercise,
glycogen-producing action in muscles and liver, antioxidation
action, radical scavenger action, vitamin supplementing
action, lipid metabolism promoting action without adverse
effects on lipid metabolism if taken during exercise, obesity
preventive action, and fatigue recovery action, and is very
useful as a novel nutrient composition.
EXAMPLES
Examples are described below in order to more
specifically describe the invention. In the following
examples, parts and % refer to parts by weight and wt.%,
unless otherwise noted.
Examples 1 to 16
Antioxidant vitamins ((3-carotene, lycopene, lutein,
ascorbic acid, or vitamin E), insulin secretion promoting
amino acid (arginine or lysine), emulsifying agent (sucrose
fatty acid ester), oil (refined citrus oil), carbohydrates
(fructose-glucose, sucrose, or fructose), organic acid (citric
acid or tartaric acid), oligosaccharide (fructo-
oligosaccharide, lacto-sucrose), perfume, sweetener, and
carbon dioxide were blended as specified in Table 1 and Table
2, and the compositions of the invention in beverage form were
prepared.
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Table 1
Example No.
Ingredients 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
(in 100 ml
Antioxidant vitamins
b'-Carotene (mg) 1 - 3 5 30 0.3 1 1
Extracted carotene (mg) - 1 - - - - - -
Ascorbic acid (mg) 60 50 120 1000 100 20 60 30
Vitamine E (mg) - - 2 5 - - - 2
Arginine (mg) 300 300 600 1000 500 100 300 300
Emulsifier
(mg) proper proper proper proper proper proper proper proper
Oil (mg) proper proper proper proper proper proper proper proper
Carbohydrates
Isomerized sugar (g) - - - 2 - - - -
Refined sugar (g) - - - I - - - 2
Fructose (g) 7 - 7 4 5 2 8 8
Glucose (g) - 8 2 - 2 - 1 -
Organic acids
Citric acid (mg) 500 600 600 200 500 200 400 400
Tartaric acid (mg) - - 200 - 100 - - -
Malic acid (mg) - - - - 100 - - 100
Fructo-
Oligosaccharide (g) 3
Carbon
dioxide volume (Vol) - - - - - - 1 2
Perfume, sweetener proper proper proper proper proper proper proper proper
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Table 2
Example No.
Ingredients
(in 100 ml) 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Antioxidant vitamins
Lycopene (mg) 1 - 3 5 30 0.3 1 1
Lutein (mg) - 1 - - - - - -
Ascorbic acid (mg) 60 50 120 1000 100 20 60 30
Vitamin E (mg) - - 2 5 - - - 2
Lysine (mg) 300 300 600 1000 500 100 300 300
Emulsifier (mg) proper proper proper proper proper proper proper proper
Oil (m g) proper proper proper proper proper proper proper proper
Carbohydrates
Isomerized sugar(g) - - - 2 - - - -
Refined sugar (g) - - - I - - - 2
Fructose (g) 7 - 7 4 5 2 8 8
Glucose (g) - 8 2 - 2 - 1 -
Organic acids
Citric acid (mg) 500 600 600 200 500 200 400 400
Tartaric acid (mg) - - 200 - 100 - - -
Malic acid (mg) - - - - 100 - -- 100
Lacto-sucrose (g) - - - I - - 3 - 1
Carbon dioxide
volume (Vol) - - - - - - 1 2
Perfume, sweetener proper proper proper proper proper proper proper proper
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